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foucault.tex
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foucault.tex
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\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.shapes}
%from Foucault - The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences, pp. 80 & 219
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth]
\node at (0,3.1) {\Large{General science of order}};
\node at (-2.25,2.2) {Simple};
\node at (-2.25,1.8) {natures};
\node at (-2.25,0) {\textit{Mathesis}};
\node at (-2.25,-2) {Algebra};
\node at (2.25,2.2) {Complex};
\node at (2.75,1.8) {representations};
\node at (2.35,0) {\textit{Taxinomia}};
\node at (2.05,-2) {Signs};
\draw[<->,thick] (-1.55,2)--(1.35,2); %simple--complex
\draw[<->,thick] (-1.55,-2)--(1.5,-2); %algebra--signs
%
\draw[->,thick] (-2.25,1.6)--(-2.25,0.25); %simple--math
\draw[->,thick] (-2.25,-1.8)--(-2.25,-0.25); %algebra--math
\draw[->,thick] (2.25,1.6)--(2.25,0.2); %complex--tax
\draw[->,thick] (2.25,-1.8)--(2.25,-0.25); %signs--tax
\end{tikzpicture}
%closer to original diagram, but ugly as shit
% \begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth]
% \node at (0,2.75) {\Large{General science of order}};
% \node at (-3,1.7) {Simple};
% \node at (-3,1.3) {natures};
% \node at (-3,0) {\textit{mathesis}};
% \node at (-3,-1.5) {Algebra};
% \node at (3,1.7) {Complex};
% \node at (3.5,1.3) {representations};
% \node at (3.1,0) {\textit{Taxinomia}};
% \node at (2.8,-1.5) {Signs};
%
% \draw[<->,thick] (-2.3,1.5)--(2.1,1.5); %simple--complex
% \draw[<->,thick] (-2.3,-1.5)--(2.25,-1.5); %algebra--signs
% %
% \draw[->,thick] (-3,1.1)--(-3,0.25); %simple--math
% \draw[->,thick] (-3,-1.2)--(-3,-0.25); %algebra--math
% \draw[->,thick] (3,1.1)--(3,0.2); %complex--tax
% \draw[->,thick] (3,-1.2)--(3,-0.25); %signs--tax
% \end{tikzpicture}
\vspace{2.5cm}
%\begin{figure}
% \centering
\hspace{-2cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%inner labels
\node at (0,2) {\textbf{Articulation}};
\node at (-3.25,0){\textbf{Attribution}};
\node at (0,0.28) {\textbf{Nomenclature}};
\node at (0,-.28) {\textbf{Taxonomy}};
\node at (3.25,0) {\textbf{Designation}};
\node at (0,-2) {\textbf{Derivation}};
%lines
\draw[very thick] (-8,-2)--(3.5,5.15); %top NE line
\draw[very thick] (-3.5,-5.15)--(8,2); %bottom NE line
\draw[very thick, dash pattern=on 8pt off 4pt] (-4,5.5)--(8,-2); %top SE line
\draw[very thick, dash pattern=on 8pt off 4pt] (-8,2)--(4,-5.5); %bottom SE line
%arrows
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (4.8,0)--(4.8,-3); %right part, down arrow
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (0,-3)--(4.8,-3); %down part, right arrow
%
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-4.8,0)--(-4.8,3); %left part, up arrow
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (0,3)--(-4.8,3); %up part, left arrow
%
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (2.45,1.45)--(4.8,3); %upper NE diagonal
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-2.45,-1.45)--(-4.8,-3); %lower SW diagonal
%outer labels
\node at (0,5) {\small GG: Names};
\node at (0,4.5){\small NH: Description};
\node at (0,4) {\small AW: Exchanges};
%
\node at (-7.5,0.5) {\small GG: Verb};
\node at (-7.5,-.02){\small NH: Visibility of beings};
\node at (-7.5,-.5) {\small AW: Objects of need};
%
\node at (7.75,0.5) {\small GG: Primitive names};
\node at (7.75,-.02){\small NH: Designation of species};
\node at (7.75,-.5) {\small AW: Monetary pledge};
%
\node at (0,-4) {\small GG: Tropes};
\node at (0,-4.5){\small NH: Adjacency of beings};
\node at (0,-5) {\small AW: Circulation and trade};
%
\node at (-5,-3.2){\small Representability};
\node at (-5,-3.6){\small of beings};
\node at (5,3.6) {\small Continuity};
\node at (5,3.2) {\small of beings};
%
\node at (-6.5,4) {\textit{\small Ars combinatoria}};
\node at (-6.5,3.5) {\textit{\small Structure of beings}};
\node at (-6.5,3) {\textit{\small Value of things}};
%
\node at (6.3,-3) {\textit{\small Encyclopaedias}};
\node at (6.55,-3.45){\textit{\small Generic characters}};
\node at (6.7,-4) {\textit{\small Price of merchandise}};
%manual arrowheads
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-4.79,-0.0065)--(-4.8,0); %attrib
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-0.1,2.91)--(0,2.97); %artic
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (0.1,-2.92)--(0,-3); %deriv
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (4.7,0.07)--(4.8,0); %desig
%legend
\draw[thick] (5,-5.15) rectangle (9,-6.85);
\node at (6.95,-5.5) {\small GG: General grammar};
\node at (6.8,-6) {\small NH: Natural history};
\node at (7.0,-6.5) {\small AW: Analysis of wealth};
%\draw[help lines] (-8,-6) grid (8,6);
\end{tikzpicture}
% \caption{Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries}
%\end{figure}
\vspace{1cm}
%\begin{figure}
% \centering
\hspace{-2cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%inner labels
\node at (0,2) {\textbf{Articulation}};
\node at (-3.25,0){\textbf{Attribution}};
\node at (3.25,0) {\textbf{Designation}};
\node at (0,-2) {\textbf{Derivation}};
%lines
\draw[decorate,decoration={crosses,shape size=7pt,transform={rotate=45},segment length=14pt},thick] (-8,-2)--(3.5,5.15); %top NE line
\draw[decorate,decoration={crosses,shape size=7pt,transform={rotate=45},segment length=14pt},thick] (-3.5,-5.15)--(8,2); %bottom NE line
\draw[very thick, dash pattern=on 8pt off 4pt] (-4,5.5)--(8,-2); %top SE line
\draw[very thick] (0,3)--(4.8,0);
\draw[very thick, dash pattern=on 8pt off 4pt] (-8,2)--(4,-5.5); %bottom SE line
\draw[very thick] (0,-3)--(-4.8,0);
%top left part
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-0.9,2.4)--(-2.5,3.45); %artic
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-3.85,0.6)--(-5.55,1.75); %attrib
\draw[->,>=latex,thick,dashed] (-2.5,3.45)--(-5.55,3.45);
\draw[->,>=latex,thick,dashed] (-5.55,1.75)--(-5.55,3.45);
\node at (-2.9,3.1) {Formal};
\node at (-2.8,2.7) {ontology};
\node at (-4.25,1.75) {Apophantics};
\node at (-5.6,3.75) {\textbf{\small Formalization}};
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-8,5.25)--(-6,4);
\node at (-7.2,5.5) {Philosophical field};
%top right part
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (1,2.4)--(4,2.4);
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (4,0.5)--(4,2.4);
\node at (4.9,3.8) {\textbf{\small Phonetics}};
\node at (6,3.3) {\textbf{\small Comparative anatomy}};
\node at (6,2.8) {\textbf{\small Analysis of production}};
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (8,5.25)--(6,4);
\node at (7,5.5) {Epistemological field};
%bottom left part
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-4,-0.5)--(-4,-2.4);
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (-1,-2.4)--(-4,-2.4);
\node at (-5.45,-1.8) {\textbf{\small Syntax}};
\node at (-5.1,-2.3) {\textbf{\small Physiology}};
\node at (-4,-2.8) {\textbf{\small Analysis of distribution}};
%bottom right part
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (4.0,-0.45)--(5.7,-1.6); %desig
\draw[->,>=latex,thick] (1.08,-2.27)--(2.68,-3.32); %deriv
\draw[->,>=latex,thick,dashed] (2.68,-3.32)--(5.7,-3.32);
\draw[->,>=latex,thick,dashed] (5.7,-1.6)--(5.7,-3.32);
\node at (3.25,-3) {History};
\node at (4.8,-1.8) {Meaning};
\node at (6.1,-3.7) {\textbf{\small Interpretation}};
%\draw[help lines] (-8,-6) grid (8,6);
\end{tikzpicture}
% \caption{Nineteenth Century}
%\end{figure}
\end{document}