diff --git a/asset-manifest.json b/asset-manifest.json
index a3487dbc5..12e1d741c 100644
--- a/asset-manifest.json
+++ b/asset-manifest.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"files": {
"main.css": "/static/css/main.09b02f8d.css",
- "main.js": "/static/js/main.aef0b3f5.js",
+ "main.js": "/static/js/main.866284e7.js",
"static/js/787.211b8f8f.chunk.js": "/static/js/787.211b8f8f.chunk.js",
"static/media/background.webp": "/static/media/background.13403350a93e956c5bd9.webp",
"static/media/rpg-menu.webp": "/static/media/rpg-menu.5a7b730663ce007b4ff3.webp",
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@
"static/media/fcc_primary_large.webp": "/static/media/fcc_primary_large.b24d5391807f0fdf6536.webp",
"index.html": "/index.html",
"main.09b02f8d.css.map": "/static/css/main.09b02f8d.css.map",
- "main.aef0b3f5.js.map": "/static/js/main.aef0b3f5.js.map",
+ "main.866284e7.js.map": "/static/js/main.866284e7.js.map",
"787.211b8f8f.chunk.js.map": "/static/js/787.211b8f8f.chunk.js.map"
},
"entrypoints": [
"static/css/main.09b02f8d.css",
- "static/js/main.aef0b3f5.js"
+ "static/js/main.866284e7.js"
]
}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index e0374346a..b9f9acad2 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -1 +1 @@
-
freeCodeCamp Developer Quiz
\ No newline at end of file
+freeCodeCamp Developer Quiz
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/static/js/main.866284e7.js b/static/js/main.866284e7.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..505faf01f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/static/js/main.866284e7.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
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n.d(t,{a:t}),t},n.d=function(e,t){for(var r in t)n.o(t,r)&&!n.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},n.f={},n.e=function(e){return Promise.all(Object.keys(n.f).reduce((function(t,r){return n.f[r](e,t),t}),[]))},n.u=function(e){return"static/js/"+e+".211b8f8f.chunk.js"},n.miniCssF=function(e){},n.o=function(e,t){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t)},function(){var e={},t="rpg_quiz_site:";n.l=function(r,o,a,i){if(e[r])e[r].push(o);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==a)for(var l=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),u=0;ue.length)&&(t=e.length);for(var n=0,r=new Array(t);n elements are styled.",Explanation:"An at-rule in CSS will dictate what the CSS will look like based on certain conditions.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the role of media queries?",Answer:"They help create responsive websites",Distractor1:"They create links to other webpages",Distractor2:"They add interactivity to a static webpage",Distractor3:"They change the font of text",Explanation:"CSS media queries allow you to create responsive websites across all screen sizes, ranging from desktop to mobile",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-media-queries-by-building-projects/"},{Question:"In CSS, how is the not operator used in a media query?",Answer:"It reverses a true query into a false query and a false query into a true query.",Distractor1:"It joins multiple media features.",Distractor2:"It splits media queries into separate ones.",Distractor3:"It separates multiple media features by commas.",Explanation:"The not operator is used to reverse a true query into a false query and a false query into a true query.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the property used to change the origin of the background image?",Answer:"background-origin",Distractor1:"background-position",Distractor2:"background-clip",Distractor3:"background-color",Explanation:"The background-origin property is used to set the origin of the background image.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"What does CSS stand for?",Answer:"Cascading Style Sheets",Distractor1:"Complex Style Sheets",Distractor2:"Complete Synchronizes Sheets",Distractor3:"Community Stylish System",Explanation:"CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/best-css-and-css3-tutorial/"},{Question:"What is the main purpose of CSS in a website?",Answer:"Style",Distractor1:"Structure",Distractor2:"Functionality",Distractor3:"Sound",Explanation:"CSS is used to define the style of the elements in a website.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/best-css-and-css3-tutorial/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the print media type in a CSS media query?",Answer:"A category of media that works for devices where the media is in print preview mode.",Distractor1:"A type of media only for 4k monitors.",Distractor2:"A type of media that only works for desktop computers.",Distractor3:"A set of rules only applied to mobile devices.",Explanation:"The print media type works for devices where the media is in print preview mode.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, how do you make all of the text for an element uppercase?",Answer:"text-transform: uppercase;",Distractor1:"text-transform: toUpper;",Distractor2:"text-transform: upper;",Distractor3:"text-transform: set-upper;",Explanation:"You can use the text-transform: uppercase; to make all of the text for that element uppercase",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-css-tricks-for-your-next-coding-project/"},{Question:"In CSS, how do you make an image circular or oval?",Answer:"border-radius: 50%;",Distractor1:"border-radius: 10%;",Distractor2:"border-radius: 0;",Distractor3:"border-radius: 3px;",Explanation:"You can use the CSS property border-radius with a value of 50% to make an image circular or oval.",Link:"https://devdocs.io/css/border-radius"},{Question:"In CSS, which one of these values is NOT used for the background-repeat property?",Answer:"repeat-z-axis",Distractor1:"no-repeat",Distractor2:"repeat",Distractor3:"repeat-x",Explanation:"The background-repeat property can take in seven values include no-repeat, repeat, repeat-x and repeat-y",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS, what do H, S, and L in HSL stand for?",Answer:"Hue, Saturation, Lightness",Distractor1:"Hue, Saturation, Lightning",Distractor2:"Hue, Style, Lightness",Distractor3:"Habitat, Style, Lightness",Explanation:"HSL stands for Hue, Saturation, and Lightness.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-font-color-how-to-style-text-in-html/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the property that determines if the background image is in a scroll, fixed, or local position?",Answer:"background-attachment",Distractor1:"background-origin",Distractor2:"background-clip",Distractor3:"background-position",Explanation:"The background-attachment property is used to determine if the background image is in a scroll, fixed, or local position.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS, what are the conditions that decide if a media rule is applied?",Answer:"Breakpoints",Distractor1:"Breaks",Distractor2:"Points",Distractor3:"Keys",Explanation:"A breakpoint is a key to determine when to change the layout and adapt the new rules inside the media queries.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-media-queries-breakpoints-media-types-standard-resolutions-and-more/"},{Question:"In CSS, the amount of space between an element's border and its surrounding elements is known as...",Answer:"Margin",Distractor1:"Padding",Distractor2:"White Space",Distractor3:"Indentation",Explanation:"The margin is the amount of space between an element's border and its surrounding elements.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-margins/"},{Question:"In CSS, what value should be assigned to the text-decoration property to remove an underline from links?",Answer:"none",Distractor1:"underline",Distractor2:"overline",Distractor3:"line-through",Explanation:"The property text-decoration should have the value of none to remove an underline from links.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-style-links-in-css/"},{Question:"In CSS Flexbox, which one is NOT used with align-content?",Answer:"align-bottom",Distractor1:"center",Distractor2:"space-around",Distractor3:"stretch",Explanation:"In CSS Flexbox, some of the options for align-content include center, stretch, space-around and space-between",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/flexbox-the-ultimate-css-flex-cheatsheet/"},{Question:"In CSS, how is the comma operator used in a media query?",Answer:"It separates multiple media features by commas and it applies the styles inside the curly braces if one of the conditions is true.",Distractor1:"It reverses a true query into a false query and a false query into a true query.",Distractor2:"It joins multiple media features.",Distractor3:"It splits media queries into separate ones.",Explanation:"The comma operator is used to separate multiple media features by commas and to apply the styles inside the curly braces if one of the conditions is true.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what does the repeat-x value do in the background-repeat property?",Answer:"It repeats the image along the x-axis.",Distractor1:"It repeats the image along the y-axis.",Distractor2:"It repeats the image along the z-axis.",Distractor3:"It repeats the image along both of the x-axis and y-axis.",Explanation:"The repeat-x value of the background-repeat property repeats the image along the x-axis.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS, how is the and operator used in a media query?",Answer:"It is used to join multiple media features.",Distractor1:"It is used to reverse a true query into a false query.",Distractor2:"It is used to separate multiple media features by commas.",Distractor3:"It is used to split media queries into separate ones.",Explanation:"The and operator is used to join multiple media features in a media query.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what does the A in RGBA stand for?",Answer:"Alpha",Distractor1:"Alphabetical",Distractor2:"Ambiguous",Distractor3:"Ancient",Explanation:"The A in RGBA stands for Alpha. This value represents the transparency of the color.",Link:"https://devdocs.io/css/color_value/rgba()"},{Question:"In CSS Flexbox, which one is NOT used with align-items?",Answer:"align-middle",Distractor1:"flex-end",Distractor2:"flex-start",Distractor3:"baseline",Explanation:"In CSS Flexbox, some of the options for align-items include flex-start, flex-end, baseline and stretch",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/flexbox-the-ultimate-css-flex-cheatsheet/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the screen media type in a CSS media query?",Answer:"A category of media that works for devices with screens.",Distractor1:"A category of media that works for media in print preview mode.",Distractor2:"A category of media that works for devices without screens.",Distractor3:"A category of media that only works for tablets.",Explanation:"The screen media type works for devices with screens.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what does the vh unit stand for?",Answer:"viewport height",Distractor1:"viewport width",Distractor2:"view heights",Distractor3:"viewing height",Explanation:"The vh unit stands for viewport height.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-units-em-rem-vh-vw-with-code-examples/"},{Question:"In CSS, how do you add content after an element?",Answer:"::after",Distractor1:"::after-content",Distractor2:"::add",Distractor3:"::before",Explanation:"You can use the ::after selector to add content after an element",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-css-tricks-for-your-next-coding-project/"},{Question:"In CSS, what does the animation-delay property do?",Answer:"It sets a delay for the animation to start.",Distractor1:"It determines how long an animation should last in seconds.",Distractor2:"It pauses the animation if the animation is running.",Distractor3:"It determines when the animation should speed up or slow down.",Explanation:"The animation-delay property is used to set a delay for the animation to start.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/a-quick-introduction-to-css-animations-a1655375ec90/"},{Question:"In CSS, which one of these options is NOT a value used for the justify-items property?",Answer:"gap",Distractor1:"start",Distractor2:"end",Distractor3:"stretch",Explanation:"The four values that can be used for the justify-items property are: start, end, center, and stretch.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the value that evenly distributes space in the background-repeat property?",Answer:"space",Distractor1:"repeat",Distractor2:"no-repeat",Distractor3:"repeat-x",Explanation:"The space value is used to evenly distribute the space in the background-repeat property.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the relative unit that is based on the root element's font size?",Answer:"rem",Distractor1:"em",Distractor2:"px",Distractor3:"vw",Explanation:"The rem unit is based on the root element's font size.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-units-em-rem-vh-vw-with-code-examples/"},{Question:"In CSS, the amount of space between an element's content and its border is known as...",Answer:"Padding",Distractor1:"Margin",Distractor2:"White Space",Distractor3:"Indentation",Explanation:"The padding is the amount of space between the element's content and its border.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-margins/"},{Question:"In CSS, which one of these values is NOT used for the background-attachment property?",Answer:"inherit",Distractor1:"local",Distractor2:"scroll",Distractor3:"fixed",Explanation:"The background-attachment property can take in the fixed, scroll and local values.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is a common breakpoint range used for tablet devices in a media query?",Answer:"481px - 768px",Distractor1:"300px - 7000px",Distractor2:"2px - 68px",Distractor3:"81px - 700px",Explanation:"The range of 481px - 768px can be used to target tablet devices in a media query.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, which one of these options is NOT a valid value for the font-weight property?",Answer:"bolding",Distractor1:"bold",Distractor2:"900",Distractor3:"lighter",Explanation:'The option "bolding" is not a valid value for the font-weight property.',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/bold-font-in-html-font-weight-for-letters/"},{Question:"What does fr stand for in CSS grid?",Answer:"fraction unit",Distractor1:"font units",Distractor2:"flex unit",Distractor3:"fit unit",Explanation:"fr stands for fraction unit in CSS grid.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, what is a common breakpoint range used for laptop devices in a media query?",Answer:"769px -1024px",Distractor1:"7px -10px",Distractor2:"69px -124px",Distractor3:"769px -10,024px",Explanation:"The range of 769px -1024px can be used to target laptop devices in a media query.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, which one of these options is NOT a value used for the align-content property?",Answer:"row-gap",Distractor1:"space-between",Distractor2:"center",Distractor3:"start",Explanation:"The align-content property can accept seven values including space-around, space-between, start, and end.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, how do you make the text for an element all lowercase?",Answer:"text-transform: lowercase;",Distractor1:"text-transform: lower;",Distractor2:"text-transform: to-lower;",Distractor3:"text-transform: set-lower;",Explanation:"You can use the text-transform: lowercase; to make all of the text for that element lowercase",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-css-tricks-for-your-next-coding-project/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the property used to adjust the size of a background image?",Answer:"background-size",Distractor1:"background-repeat",Distractor2:"background-origin",Distractor3:"background-position",Explanation:"The background-size property is used to adjust the size for a background image.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the property that sets the opacity of an HTML element?",Answer:"opacity",Distractor1:"margin",Distractor2:"padding",Distractor3:"border",Explanation:"The opacity property is used to set the opacity of an HTML element.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/transparent-background-image-opacity-in-css-and-html/"},{Question:"In CSS Flexbox, what does justify-content do?",Answer:"aligns the items along the main axis",Distractor1:"aligns the items to right of the y axis",Distractor2:"aligns the items to the left of the x and y axis",Distractor3:"aligns the items to the right of the x axis",Explanation:"In CSS Flexbox, justify-content is used to align the items in the container along the main axis",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/flexbox-the-ultimate-css-flex-cheatsheet/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the rule that will override CSS style for an element?",Answer:"!important",Distractor1:"!override",Distractor2:"!change",Distractor3:"!specific",Explanation:"The !important rule will override the other CSS style rules for that element",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-css-tricks-for-your-next-coding-project/"},{Question:"How do you create a Flexbox container in CSS Flexbox?",Answer:"display:flex;",Distractor1:"display:flexbox;",Distractor2:"display:flexcontainer;",Distractor3:"display:flexB;",Explanation:"You can apply CSS Flexbox to an HTML container by using display:flex;",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/flexbox-the-ultimate-css-flex-cheatsheet/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the CSS property used to position the grid inside the grid container along the y-axis?",Answer:"align-content",Distractor1:"justify-content",Distractor2:"end",Distractor3:"grid-unit-rows",Explanation:"The align-content property is used to position the grid inside the grid container along the y-axis.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, what is a common breakpoint range used for desktops and large screens in a media query?",Answer:"1025px - 1200px",Distractor1:"25px - 120px",Distractor2:"125px - 12,000px",Distractor3:"5px - 12px",Explanation:"The range of 1025px - 1200px can be used to target desktops and large screens in a media query.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what does the A stand for in HSLA?",Answer:"Alpha",Distractor1:"Alphabetical",Distractor2:"Ambiguous",Distractor3:"Ancient",Explanation:"The A in HSLA stands for Alpha. This value represents the transparency of the color.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-font-color-how-to-style-text-in-html/"},{Question:"In CSS, what does the repeat-y value do in the background-repeat property?",Answer:"It repeats the image along the y-axis.",Distractor1:"It repeats the image along the x-axis.",Distractor2:"It repeats the image along both of the x-axis and y-axis.",Distractor3:"It repeats the image along the z-axis.",Explanation:"The repeat-y value repeats the image along the y-axis.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-background-properties/"},{Question:"In CSS Flexbox, which one is NOT used with justify-content?",Answer:"flex-middle",Distractor1:"flex-start",Distractor2:"flex-end",Distractor3:"space-around",Explanation:"In CSS Flexbox, some of the options for justify-content include space-around, flex-end, flex-start and space-between",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/flexbox-the-ultimate-css-flex-cheatsheet/"},{Question:"In HTML, how do you change the font-size of an h1 tag using inline CSS?",Answer:'freeCodeCamp
',Distractor1:'freeCodeCamp
',Distractor2:'freeCodeCamp
',Distractor3:'freeCodeCamp
',Explanation:"To change the font size of an HTML element, you can use the style attribute and the font-size property in the opening tag.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/html-font-style-how-to-change-text-color-and-size-with-an-html-tag/"},{Question:"In CSS, how many pixels are equivalent to 1 rem unit?",Answer:"16",Distractor1:"32",Distractor2:"12",Distractor3:"6",Explanation:"One rem unit is equivalent to 16 pixels",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-units-em-rem-vh-vw-with-code-examples/"},{Question:"In CSS, what selector is used to set the style of visited links?",Answer:"a:visited",Distractor1:"a:hover",Distractor2:"a:active",Distractor3:"a:link",Explanation:"With a:visited you can set the style of visited links.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-style-links-in-css/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is a common breakpoint range used for mobile devices in a media query?",Answer:"320px - 480px",Distractor1:"1000px - 5000px",Distractor2:"100px - 150px",Distractor3:"200px - 4000px",Explanation:"The range of 320px - 480px can be used to target mobile devices in a media query.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/media-query-css-example-max-and-min-screen-width-for-mobile-responsive-design/"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the name of the CSS grid property used to create gaps between rows?",Answer:"row-gap",Distractor1:"grid-template-rows",Distractor2:"grid-columns",Distractor3:"repeat",Explanation:"The row-gap property is used to create gaps between rows.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, what is the code used to create a CSS grid container?",Answer:"display: grid;",Distractor1:"display: flex;",Distractor2:"display: grid-box;",Distractor3:"display: grid-container;",Explanation:"You can use display: grid; to create a new CSS grid container.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, how do you add content before an element?",Answer:"::before",Distractor1:"::add-content",Distractor2:"::before-content",Distractor3:"::after",Explanation:"You can use the ::before selector to add content before an element",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-css-tricks-for-your-next-coding-project/"},{Question:"In CSS Grid, what is the name of the CSS property used to position the grid inside the grid container along the x-axis?",Answer:"justify-content",Distractor1:"grid-template-areas",Distractor2:"grid-template-rows",Distractor3:"row-gap",Explanation:"The justify-content property is used to position the grid in the grid container along the x-axis.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-grid-tutorial-with-cheatsheet/#css-grid-architecture"},{Question:"In CSS, which of the following options is one way to center a div?",Answer:"use display: flex; on the parent container and margin: auto; for the child container",Distractor1:"use display: flex; on the parent container and margin: 20px; for the child container",Distractor2:"use display: flex; on the parent container and margin: 50px; for the child container",Distractor3:"use display: flex; on the parent container and margin: 45%; for the child container",Explanation:"To center a div with CSS, apply display: flex; on the parent container and margin: auto; for the child container.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-center-a-div-with-css-10-different-ways/"},{Question:"In CSS, 3em units are equivalent to how much in px units?",Answer:"48",Distractor1:"32",Distractor2:"16",Distractor3:"12",Explanation:"3em is equivalent to 48 pixels.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-css-units-em-rem-vh-vw-with-code-examples/"},{Question:"What color would rgb(255,0,0) give?",Answer:"Red",Distractor1:"Green",Distractor2:"Yellow",Distractor3:"Blue",Explanation:"Each parameter defines the intensity of each color, rgb(red, green, and blue), with an integer number ranging from 0-255. The minimum value of 0 represents that none of the color is being shown, so it is at its darkest. On the other hand, the maximum value of 255 represents that the full amount of color and the full intensity is on display",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/rgb-color-html-and-css-guide/"},{Question:"In CSS, which pseudo-class allows you to select the last element of a specific type?",Answer:":last-of-type",Distractor1:":nth-last-child",Distractor2:":last-child",Distractor3:":last",Explanation:"We can use the :last-of-type selector to target an element of a specific type within a container.",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:last-of-type/"},{Question:"In CSS, which of the following properties can be used to set the body color to black?",Answer:"background-color:black;",Distractor1:"body-color:black",Distractor2:"backgroundColor:black",Distractor3:"color:black",Explanation:"In CSS, the background-color property is used to set the color of the background.",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-color"},{Question:"Which of the following is the correct syntax for an attribute selector in CSS?",Answer:"selector[attribute='value']",Distractor1:"container[value]",Distractor2:"attribute[value]",Distractor3:"value[attribute]",Explanation:"The correct syntax for an attribute selector in CSS is selector[attribute='value'].",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors"},{Question:"Which of the following CSS properties is used to add a stroke in the text?",Answer:"text-stroke",Distractor1:"text-transform",Distractor2:"text-decoration",Distractor3:"None of the above",Explanation:"text-stroke is a CSS property that is used to add a stroke in the text.",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke"},{Question:"In CSS, which property is used to apply a groove style to the border?",Answer:"border-style",Distractor1:"border-bottom-color",Distractor2:"border-length",Distractor3:"border-width",Explanation:"You can use border-style: groove; to specify groove border styles around HTML elements.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/css-border-style-and-html-code-examples/"},{Question:"In CSS, what will the following pseudo class selector do :nth-child(2)?",Answer:"Selects the second child of the parent element",Distractor1:"Select 2 children of the parent element",Distractor2:"Select 2 elements of the parent element",Distractor3:"None of the above",Explanation:"The :nth-child() pseudo-class selector matches every element that is the second child, third child, etc. of its parent.",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-child"}],D=[{Question:"What are Docker images built out of?",Answer:"Filesystem layers,",Distractor1:"Operating Systems",Distractor2:"Virtual Machines",Distractor3:"Containers",Explanation:"When you build a Docker image, each instruction in the Dockerfile contributes to a new layer. For example, if you have an instruction to install a software package, it creates a layer with the changes related to that installation.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/docker-devops-course/"},{Question:"Within the realm of DevOps, what does 'Immutable Infrastructure' signify?",Answer:"An approach where infrastructure components are never modified but replaced entirely when changes are needed",Distractor1:"A strategy for manually configuring servers",Distractor2:"A method for continuously updating infrastructure",Distractor3:"A way to centralize infrastructure management",Explanation:"Immutable Infrastructure is a methodology that involves the complete replacement of servers and infrastructure components whenever modifications are required. This approach is in harmony with DevOps principles, underscoring the significance of automation in ensuring dependable and uniform operations",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-instructure-as-a-code-by-building-custom-machine-image-in-aws/"},{Question:"What is 'Microservices Architecture' in DevOps?",Answer:"An architectural style where applications are composed of small, independent services",Distractor1:"A way to centralize all software components into a single monolithic application",Distractor2:"A method for managing server hardware",Distractor3:"A strategy for code versioning",Explanation:"Microservices is an architectural style where applications are composed of small, independent services that can be deployed and scaled individually as they promote flexibility and scalability in software development and deployment.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/microservices-and-software-system-design-course/"},{Question:"What is the role of a 'Repository' in Continuous Integration?",Answer:"To store and version control source code",Distractor1:"To deploy applications to production servers",Distractor2:"To monitor system performance",Distractor3:"To automate infrastructure provisioning",Explanation:"A repository, often using version control systems like Git, is used to store and track changes to source code in CI/CD pipelines.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-crash-course/"},{Question:"What is the purpose of a Dockerfile in containerization?",Answer:"To define the instructions for building a Docker container image",Distractor1:"To create a virtual machine",Distractor2:"To write unit tests for code",Distractor3:"To configure network settings",Explanation:"A Dockerfile is used to specify the instructions for building a Docker container image, including dependencies and configurations.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-docker-handbook/"},{Question:"What is DevOps?",Answer:"a combination of software development and IT operations with the goal of shortening the systems development life cycle ",Distractor1:"a popular JavaScript library",Distractor2:"a popular SQL database",Distractor3:"a popular Python library",Explanation:"DevOps combines software development and IT operations with the goal of shortening the systems development life cycle and providing continuous delivery of software. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/devops-engineering-course-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What is Continuous Integration?",Answer:"the act of pushing small changes to a repository and running tests on those changes",Distractor1:"the act of cloning an entire repository to another computer",Distractor2:"the act of resolving a merge conflict in a repository",Distractor3:"the act of creating a new branch on a repository",Explanation:"Continuous Integration(CI) is the act of continuously pushing small changes to a central repository numerous times per day. And those changes are verified by automated computer software that runs the tests that the programmers have defined.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/devops-engineering-course-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What is code coverage in DevOps?",Answer:"a metric used to determine how much of the codebase has been tested",Distractor1:"a metric used to determine how many commits were pushed to the project in a day",Distractor2:"a metric used to determine how many developers worked on the project that day",Distractor3:"a metric used to determine how many project files were added that day",Explanation:"Code coverage is a metric used to determine how much of the codebase has been tested.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY?t=2085"},{Question:"What is an ephemeral environment in DevOps?",Answer:"temporary environments that contain a self contained version of the entire application",Distractor1:"environments that will write all of your unit tests for you",Distractor2:"environments that will perform code reviews for you",Distractor3:"environments that will fix your mistakes as you code",Explanation:"Ephemeral environments are temporary environments that contain a self contained version of the entire application. Generally, for every feature branch, they're often spun up by a slack bot, or automatically on every commit using DevOps platforms like later ci itself, or Heroku.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY?t=3456"},{Question:"What is a virtual machine?",Answer:"a virtual instance of a computer that can run applications",Distractor1:"a type of software that installs project dependencies",Distractor2:"a type of software used to remove malware from computers",Distractor3:"a virtual instance of a computer only used to build mobile games",Explanation:"A Virtual Machine(VM) is a virtual instance of a computer that can run applications.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY?t=4255"},{Question:"What is a container in DevOps?",Answer:"a package that consists of the entire application and its dependencies",Distractor1:"a special tool used to install dependencies into a project",Distractor2:"a tool used to clone a repository from GitHub",Distractor3:"a package used to create unit tests for the project",Explanation:"A container is a package that consists of the entire application and its dependencies.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY?t=4255"},{Question:"What are rolling deployments in DevOps?",Answer:"a deployment strategy for replacing old versions of the app with new versions",Distractor1:"a deployment strategy for copying an entire application and its dependencies",Distractor2:"a strategy used to roll back the application to a prior state",Distractor3:"a strategy used to run test suites multiple times before deploying an application",Explanation:"Rolling deployments are a popular deployment strategy used to replace old versions of the app with new versions.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY?t=5002"},{Question:"What is Continuous Deployment in DevOps?",Answer:"a strategy used to push code into production that passed automated testing",Distractor1:"a strategy used to roll back the application to a prior state",Distractor2:"a strategy used to determine how much of the codebase has been tested",Distractor3:"a deployment strategy for replacing old versions of the app with new versions",Explanation:"Continuous Deployment is a strategy used to push code into production that passed automated testing",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY?t=5315"},{Question:"Which of the following is NOT a common practice in DevOps?",Answer:"Continuous rebasing",Distractor1:"Continuous development",Distractor2:"Continuous deployment",Distractor3:"Continuous integration",Explanation:"Some common practices in DevOps include Continuous development, Continuous deployment and Continuous integration.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY"},{Question:"Which of the following is NOT a common method used in DevOps?",Answer:"Divide and Conquer strategy",Distractor1:"Agile",Distractor2:"Scrum",Distractor3:"Kanban",Explanation:"Some common methods in DevOps include Agile, Scrum and Kanban.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY"},{Question:"Which of the following testing tools is commonly used in DevOps?",Answer:"Selenium",Distractor1:"PyTorch",Distractor2:"Apache Commons",Distractor3:"jQuery",Explanation:"JUnit, Jenkins, and Selenium are some commonly used testing tools used in DevOps.",Link:"https://youtu.be/j5Zsa_eOXeY"},{Question:"What is the primary goal of 'Infrastructure as Code' (IaC) in DevOps?",Answer:"To automate and manage infrastructure provisioning through code",Distractor1:"To manually configure servers for specific applications",Distractor2:"To optimize database performance",Distractor3:"To streamline the software development process",Explanation:"Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is a practice in DevOps that aims to automate and manage infrastructure provisioning through code, allowing for consistent and repeatable infrastructure deployments.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-infrastructure-as-code/"},{Question:"What is the role of version control systems like Git in DevOps processes?",Answer:"Version control systems like Git help track changes to source code, manage collaborative development, and enable automation of code deployment and rollback processes.",Distractor1:"Version control systems like Git are used for container orchestration.",Distractor2:"Version control systems like Git are used for managing cloud infrastructure.",Distractor3:"Version control systems like Git are used for monitoring application performance.",Explanation:"Git and similar version control systems provide a centralized repository for storing and managing code. They allow developers to work on code collaboratively, track changes, and maintain a history of code versions. This is crucial for DevOps processes as it facilitates continuous integration, automated testing, and rollback mechanisms in case of issues.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-use-git-best-practices-for-beginners/#what-is-version-control"}],k=[{Question:"What forum tool does freeCodeCamp use for its forum?",Answer:"Discourse",Distractor1:"NodeBB",Distractor2:"phpBB",Distractor3:"vBulletin",Explanation:"The freeCodeCamp community was an early adopter of Discourse, a powerful forum tool designed by Stack Overflow founder Jeff Atwood. Quincy Larson first met Jeff at an event in San Francisco in 2014, and the two talked about online communities. Jeff convinced Quincy to create a forum so that learners could easily help one another. One benefit of a forum is that other people can then discover past conversations, and use them to help get unstuck. If you ask a question on the freeCodeCamp forum, you will generally get an answer in just a few hours.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-future-of-the-freecodecamp-forum/"},{Question:"freeCodeCamp.org first launched in:",Answer:"2014",Distractor1:"2001",Distractor2:"1910",Distractor3:"2030",Explanation:"The first version of the freeCodeCamp curriculum went live in 2014, from Quincy Larson's closet office in San Francisco. Other developers quickly stepped in to help expand the curriculum and save him from madness.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/about/"},{Question:"freeCodeCamp's Code Radio is:",Answer:"An internet radio that plays music you can code to",Distractor1:"A form of communication America used during World War II created by the Navajo people",Distractor2:"A radio station for old acoustic modems",Distractor3:"A way to talk with beings from other solar systems",Explanation:"Code Radio is available 24/7, with more than 1,500 instrumental songs on rotation. Lots of developers enjoy listening to it as background music while they work.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/code-radio-24-7/"},{Question:"What is DevDocs.io? ",Answer:"A powerful documentation website run by the freeCodeCamp community",Distractor1:"A community of doctors who know how to code",Distractor2:"Developers who work at the shipyard",Distractor3:"A fancy docking station you can put your laptop on while you code",Explanation:"DevDocs.io is a popular search engine for programming language documentation. You can download the full documentation for different tools and browse it offline. Perfect for when you need to code on the go and won't have an internet connection.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/devdocs-is-joining-the-freecodecamp-community-ae185a1c14a6/"},{Question:"What is the name of freeCodeCamp's popular GitHub repository that teaches you how to contribute to open source?",Answer:"How to Contribute to Open Source",Distractor1:"GitGoing",Distractor2:"Project Octocat",Distractor3:"Open Sauce",Explanation:"One of the best ways to get real-world experience working with large legacy codebases is to contribute to open source. But this is an ambiguous process. So the freeCodeCamp community created this repository to help new developers get started.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-contribute-to-open-source-projects-beginners-guide/"},{Question:"The freeCodeCamp learning platform is written in which programming language?",Answer:"JavaScript and Node.js",Distractor1:"Python and Django",Distractor2:"PHP and Laravel",Distractor3:"Java and Spring",Explanation:"freeCodeCamp teaches many different programming languages and frameworks, and could be written in any of these. This said, in 2014 when Quincy Larson sat down to start building the first version of freeCodeCamp, he chose JavaScript and Node.js. He did this because it had a huge package ecosystem and was relatively easy to program in. Node.js is also very fast, and works well at scale. Large websites like Netflix and LinkedIn use it as a primary language.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-definitive-node-js-handbook-6912378afc6e/"},{Question:"freeCodeCamp is a 501(c)(3) public charity (nonprofit) with a mission to:",Answer:"To help people learn to code for free.",Distractor1:"Help companies recruit developers",Distractor2:"Advocate for open source software",Distractor3:"Make cat photo apps",Explanation:'Even though freeCodeCamp does create open source projects, and does help developers get jobs, its mission is "to help people learn to code for free. We accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the public."',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/about/"},{Question:"What chat tool does freeCodeCamp use for its main chat server?",Answer:"Discord",Distractor1:"Slack",Distractor2:"RocketChat",Distractor3:"Gitter",Explanation:"The freeCodeCamp contributor community communicates mostly through our active Discord server, and in the past have used RocketChat, Slack, and Gitter.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/freecodecamp-discord-chat-room-server/"},{Question:"freeCodeCamp's Mascot is:",Answer:"CamperBot",Distractor1:"freeCodeCampasaurus Rex",Distractor2:"Bill Murray",Distractor3:"Campy the Raccoon",Explanation:"The freeCodeCamp community created CamperBot early on to help out with automated tasks in our chat rooms. Since then, he has been helpful in many different places, including the freeCodeCamp forum. He is a helpful robot who runs on kindness.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/about/"},{Question:"Which open-source community has been the biggest inspiration to freeCodeCamp?",Answer:"Wikipedia",Distractor1:"Linux",Distractor2:"Mozilla Firefox",Distractor3:"Open Office",Explanation:"All of these projects have been a source of inspiration, but Wikipedia is the closest analog to what the freeCodeCamp community would ultimately like to become: hundreds of languages represented, with thousands of contributors from a wide variety of backgrounds and interests.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/welcome-to-the-abundance-economy-there-are-free-lunches-all-over-the-place-b9d0a417fd1a/"},{Question:"Who is the founder of freeCodeCamp?",Answer:"Quincy Larson",Distractor1:"Madison Kanna",Distractor2:"James Altucher",Distractor3:"Navin Kabra",Explanation:"Quincy Larson founded freeCodeCamp in 2014 as a program meant to help individuals learn the basics of programming and land a developer job.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/about/"}],x=[{Question:"What is the acceptable range of Balance Factor for an AVL tree?",Answer:"[-1,1]",Distractor1:"[0,1]",Distractor2:"[-1,0]",Distractor3:"None of the above",Explanation:" The self balancing property of an AVL tree is maintained by the balance factor. The value of balance factor should always be -1, 0 or +1",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/algorithms-avl-trees/297458"},{Question:"Which approach involves duplicating the argument's value into the function's formal parameter?",Answer:"Call by Value",Distractor1:"Call by pointer",Distractor2:"Call by reference",Distractor3:"Call by address",Explanation:"In the call-by-value approach, a replica of the argument's value is generated, and any modifications made to the formal parameter within the function do not affect the original argument outside of the function, as the function operates on its own isolated copy of the data.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/understanding-by-reference-vs-by-value-d49139beb1c4/"},{Question:"Which of the following algorithms is used to find the shortest path between two points in a connected weighted graph?",Answer:"Kruskal Algorithm",Distractor1:"Floyd's Tortoise-Hare Algorithm",Distractor2:"Greedy Algorithms",Distractor3:"Prims Algorithms",Explanation:"Kruskal Algorithm is used to find the shortest path between two points in a connected weighted graph.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruskal%27s_algorithm"},{Question:"What does NFC stands for?",Answer:"Near-Field Communication",Distractor1:"Narrow Field Communication",Distractor2:"Near-Fragile Communication",Distractor3:"Nearly Factory Communication",Explanation:"NFC stands for near-field communication and it is the standard for devices to communicate with each other wirelessly from a very close distance.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-nfc-near-field-communication-uses-chips-tags-and-readers-explained/"},{Question:"What is the best algorithm for matrix multiplication?",Answer:"Strassen's Algorithm",Distractor1:"Multiplication algorithm",Distractor2:"Divide and Conquer Technique",Distractor3:"None of the above",Explanation:"Strassen's algorithm reduces the number of multiplication and addition in a given matrix and results in a time complexity of O(2.81)",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strassen_algorithm#"},{Question:"Which of the following sorting algorithms is stable in nature?",Answer:"Merge Sort",Distractor1:"Heap Sort",Distractor2:"Quick Sort",Distractor3:"Selection sort",Explanation:"Stable sorting algorithms maintain the relative order of elements with equal values, or keys. Merge sort is stable in nature.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/sorting-algorithms-explained-with-examples-in-python-java-and-c/#classification-of-a-sorting-algorithm"},{Question:"Which of the following sorting algorithms has the same best-case and worst-case time complexities?",Answer:"Merge Sort",Distractor1:"Bubble Sort",Distractor2:"Quick Sort",Distractor3:"Selection sort",Explanation:"Merge sort has a time complexity of O(nlogn) in all cases - best, average and worst.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/merge-sort-algorithm-python-and-java-examples-with-time-complexity/"},{Question:"What is Object-Oriented Programming?",Answer:"OOP is a programming pattern that is built around objects or entities.",Distractor1:"OOP is a topological paradigm to program things",Distractor2:"OOP is a set of sorting algorithms",Distractor3:"OOP is a list of Bitwise operators",Explanation:"OOP is a programming pattern that is built around objects or entities",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-object-oriented-programming/"},{Question:"Which of the following is true regarding division and the bitwise operator?",Answer:"Dividing a number by 8 using the bitwise operator is faster than using the / operator",Distractor1:"Dividing a number by 8 cannot be implemented using bitwise operator",Distractor2:"Dividing a number by 8 using the bitwise operator is slower than using the / operator",Distractor3:"none of the following options are true",Explanation:"When a binary number is shifted to the right 3 times, it will be divided by 8.",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/javascript-bitwise-operators-explained-with-examples/16153"},{Question:"Which of the following is NOT an in-place sorting algorithm?",Answer:"Merge Sort",Distractor1:"Bubble sort",Distractor2:"Insertion sort",Distractor3:"Quick sort",Explanation:"Merge sort uses the Divide and Conquer paradigm and is not considered an in-place sorting algorithm.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-place_algorithm"},{Question:"Which term is used for removing elements from the front of the queue?",Answer:"Dequeue.",Distractor1:"Enqueue.",Distractor2:"Peek.",Distractor3:"isFull.",Explanation:"Dequeue is the term for removing elements from the front of the queue.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/data-structures-101-queues-a6960a3c98/"},{Question:"Which problems are solved using Bellman Ford's Algorithm?",Answer:"Single Source Shortest Path",Distractor1:"All Pair Shortest Path",Distractor2:"Negative Cycle Detection",Distractor3:"Minimum Spanning Tree",Explanation:"Bellman Ford's algorithm is a shortest path finding algorithm for graphs that can have negative weights.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/graph-algorithms-and-data-structures-explained-with-java-and-c-examples/"},{Question:"Which of the following algorithms can be used to determine a minimum spanning tree in a graph?",Answer:"Boruvka's algorithm",Distractor1:"Breadth first search",Distractor2:"Depth first search",Distractor3:"Binary search",Explanation:"Boruvka's algorithm can be used to determine a minimum spanning tree in a graph.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=1229s"},{Question:"Which of the following is synonymous with an articulation point in a graph?",Answer:"Cut vertex",Distractor1:"Cut set",Distractor2:"Cut edge",Distractor3:"Leaf node",Explanation:"In a graph, an articulation point is the same as a cut vertex.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=1213s"},{Question:"Which of the following is synonymous with a bridge in a graph?",Answer:"Cut edge",Distractor1:"Cut set",Distractor2:"Articulation point",Distractor3:"Directed edge",Explanation:"In a graph, a bridge is the same as a cut edge.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=1178s"},{Question:"Which of the following statements is true for the Traveling salesman problem?",Answer:"It is an NP-Hard problem.",Distractor1:"It is an NP-Complete problem.",Distractor2:"It is an NP problem.",Distractor3:"It is a P problem.",Explanation:"Traveling salesman problem is an NP-Hard problem.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=1147s"},{Question:"Which of the following algorithms can be used for the shortest path problem for an unweighted graph?",Answer:"Breadth First Search",Distractor1:"Binary Search",Distractor2:"Ternary Search",Distractor3:"Linear Search",Explanation:"Breadth First Search can be used for the shortest path problem for an unweighted graph.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=934s"},{Question:"What is SOLID?",Answer:"SOLID is an acronym which represents five principles of Object-Oriented design.",Distractor1:"It's a new type of Hardware",Distractor2:"New kind of software",Distractor3:"It's a new group of technologies",Explanation:"SOLID is a set of rules and best practices to follow while creating OOP designs.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/solid-principles-explained-in-plain-english/"},{Question:"Which of the following is true for an adjacency list?",Answer:"Edge weight lookup is O(E).",Distractor1:"Edge weight lookup is O(1).",Distractor2:"Edge weight cannot be specified in adjacency list.",Distractor3:"It cannot be used to represent a cyclic graph.",Explanation:"In an adjacency list, for each node only adjacent nodes are stored in a list",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=682s"},{Question:"Which of the following is true for an adjacency matrix?",Answer:"It is space efficient for representing dense graphs.",Distractor1:"It is space efficient for representing sparse graphs.",Distractor2:"Edge weight lookup is lower bounded by log(n).",Distractor3:"Space complexity is O(n).",Explanation:"If a graph is sparse then most spaces are wasted.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=620s"},{Question:"Which of the following is true for a graph?",Answer:"A graph is bipartite if and only if it is two colorable.",Distractor1:"A graph is bipartite if and only if it does not contain an even length cycle.",Distractor2:"A graph is bipartite if and only if it is three colorable.",Distractor3:"A graph is bipartite if and only if it is a directed acyclic graph",Explanation:"If a graph is two colorable then the nodes with same color can be grouped together to form two different groups.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=440s"},{Question:"Which of the following is true for an arborescence in graph theory?",Answer:"All arborescence are Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) but not all DAGs are arborescence",Distractor1:"All DAGs are arborescence but not all arborescence are DAGs.",Distractor2:"A strongly connected and directed graph is an arborescence.",Distractor3:"A graph where the number of edges is twice the number of nodes is arborescence.",Explanation:"An arborescence is a directed tree. Hence, it is a directed graph with no cycle. A graph with 4 nodes where three nodes are pointing towards a single node is not an arborescence but a DAG.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=346s"},{Question:"What is an arborescence in graph theory?",Answer:"A rooted tree in which all edges point away from the root",Distractor1:"A graph having cycles",Distractor2:"A strongly connected and directed graph",Distractor3:"A graph where the number of edges is twice the number of nodes",Explanation:"A tree is rooted if the tree has a designated node called root node such that all edges either points towards the root or points away from the root. And if all edges point away from the root then it is called arborescence.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=346s"},{Question:"What is the term for when data is being pushed onto a full stack?",Answer:"Stack Overflow",Distractor1:"Underflow",Distractor2:"Garbage Collection",Distractor3:"Empty collection",Explanation:"Stack Overflow happens when there is an attempt to push data on an already full stack.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/data-structures-101-stacks-696b3282980/"},{Question:"What is the name for an error where the programmer writes invalid syntax resulting in the program failing to run?",Answer:"Syntax Error",Distractor1:"Runtime Error",Distractor2:"Logical Error",Distractor3:"Semantic Error",Explanation:"A syntax error is when the programmer writes invalid code that violates the rules of that programming language.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOjov-2OZ0E"},{Question:"Which operation is used to add an item to the back of the queue?",Answer:"Enqueue",Distractor1:"Dequeue",Distractor2:"Peek",Distractor3:"isFull",Explanation:"Enqueue is the operation used to add an item to the back of the queue.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/queue-data-structure-definition-and-java-example-code/"},{Question:"Which of the following is correct about a tree?",Answer:"trees are minimally connected.",Distractor1:"trees can be cyclic.",Distractor2:"a tree must be an undirected graph",Distractor3:"trees must have at least two nodes",Explanation:"If we remove any edge from a tree, it creates a two disconnected graph",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=306s"},{Question:"Which of the following is a constraint for Dijkstra's Single Source Shortest Path Algorithm?",Answer:"The graph must only contain non-negative edge weights.",Distractor1:"The graph must be acyclic",Distractor2:"The graph must be a balanced binary tree",Distractor3:"The graph must have unique edge weights",Explanation:"Dijkstra's SSSP algorithm may not work for a graph with negative edge weights. This constraint is to ensure that once a vertex is visited, the optimal distance from source cannot be updated further.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=4832s"},{Question:"Which of the following is the most correct statement?",Answer:"Topological sort is possible only for a Directed Acyclic Graph",Distractor1:"Topological sort is just an another name for BFS",Distractor2:"All undirected graphs have topological ordering",Distractor3:"A cyclic graph also has topological ordering.",Explanation:"The only graph that has valid topological ordering is a Directed Acyclic Graph.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09_LlHjoEiY&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=3632s"},{Question:"What is ASCII?",Answer:"It is a character encoding standard to represent text in a computer.",Distractor1:"Algorithm to convert decimal to number in base 65.",Distractor2:"A protocol in Layer 3 of TCP/IP Suite",Distractor3:"A unit of throughput for a processor.",Explanation:"American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a character encoding standard to represent text in computers.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtoBGQPuu1c&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=406s"},{Question:"Which of the following is true for Big O?",Answer:"2*logn = O(n)",Distractor1:"n^2 = O(n)",Distractor2:"n! = O(n)",Distractor3:"2^n = O(n)",Explanation:"Big O notation describes the upper bound. The function n upper bounds the function 2*logn. However, it is not the tightest upper bound, and in general we always specify the tightest upper bound to quantify an algorithm.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBSGKlAvoiM&list=PLWKjhJtqVAbn5emQ3RRG8gEBqkhf_5vxD&t=5m43s"},{Question:"Between Merge sort and Quicksort, which sorting algorithm works faster in the case of larger datasets?",Answer:"Merge sort",Distractor1:"testing on speed between the two algorithms has been inconclusive on which one is faster",Distractor2:"Quicksort",Distractor3:"Both",Explanation:"Merge sort runs quicker than Quick sort in the case of larger datasets.",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/the-merge-sort-algorithm-explained/16104"},{Question:"What data structure does a binary search tree degenerate to if it isn't balanced properly?",Answer:"Linked List",Distractor1:"Set",Distractor2:"Queue",Distractor3:"Dictionary",Explanation:"A binary search tree degenerates to a linked list if it is not balanced properly. It is balanced if the height of the left and right subtrees of any node differ by at most one.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/data-structures-101-binary-search-tree-398267b6bff0/"},{Question:"Which algorithm utilizes a pivot value to sort?",Answer:"Quick Sort",Distractor1:"Merge Sort",Distractor2:"Bubble Sort",Distractor3:"Insertion Sort",Explanation:"Quick sort works by selecting one element (called \u201cthe pivot\u201d) and finding the index where the pivot should end up in the sorted array.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/introduction-to-algorithms-with-javascript-examples/#quick-sort"},{Question:"Which of these sorting algorithms follows an average case time complexity of order O(nlogn)?",Answer:"Merge Sort",Distractor1:"Selection Sort",Distractor2:"Bubble Sort",Distractor3:"Insertion Sort",Explanation:"The average case time complexity for the merge sort algorithm is O(n log n).",Link:"https://youtu.be/l7-f9gS8VOs"},{Question:"Which one of the following terms mean adding an element to the top of the stack?",Answer:"Push",Distractor1:"Peek",Distractor2:"Pop",Distractor3:"Display",Explanation:"The push method is used to add an element to the top of the stack.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBSGKlAvoiM&t=3506s"},{Question:"Which one of these data structures follows the FIFO(First In First Out) method?",Answer:"Queues",Distractor1:"Arrays",Distractor2:"Trees",Distractor3:"Stacks",Explanation:"A queue is defined as a linear data structure that is open at both ends and the operations are performed in First In First Out (FIFO) order.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBSGKlAvoiM&t=4558s"},{Question:"What is the basic language of a computer?",Answer:"Binary",Distractor1:"HyperText Markup Language",Distractor2:"Cascading Style Sheets",Distractor3:"JavaScript",Explanation:"Computers are simplistic and understand binary. Programming languages such as Python and Java were created to help humans write instructions for computers and interpret it.",Link:"https://youtu.be/F0WoVEr0-44?t=336"},{Question:"Which one of these is NOT a common time complexity equation for Big O notation?",Answer:"O(n14)",Distractor1:"O(1)",Distractor2:"O(log n)",Distractor3:"O(n)",Explanation:"O(1), O(log n), O(n) are just some of the common time complexity equations for Big O notation.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zg9ih6SVACc&t=867s"},{Question:"What is Big O Notation?",Answer:"A way to measure the performance and efficiency of an algorithm.",Distractor1:"A way to notate changes from the server.",Distractor2:"A way to notate the different types in a file system.",Distractor3:"A way to notate the different elements in an array.",Explanation:"Big O notation is a way to measure the performance of an algorithm.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-big-o-notation/"},{Question:"What is the worst case time complexity for accessing an element in a BST(Binary Search Tree)?",Answer:"O(n)",Distractor1:"O(n*logn)",Distractor2:"O(n*n)",Distractor3:"O(logn)",Explanation:"The worst case time complexity would be O(n) because we might need to visit all of the nodes.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/binary-search-tree-what-is-it/"},{Question:"What is the Design Thinking Process?",Answer:"A process to come up with creative, user centric solutions to complex problems.",Distractor1:"A process to fix computers.",Distractor2:"A process to design mockups.",Distractor3:"A process to troubleshoot Windows applications.",Explanation:"The Design Thinking Process is a way to come up with creative, user centric solutions to complex problems.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-design-thinking-process-explained/"},{Question:"Which of the following data structures is used to convert an infix expression to a postfix expression?",Answer:"Stacks",Distractor1:"Queues",Distractor2:"Priority Queues",Distractor3:"LinkedList",Explanation:"A stack is the most suitable data structure for converting an infix expression to a postfix expression",Link:"https://youtu.be/B31LgI4Y4DQ?t=13587"},{Question:"Which of the following techniques is implemented to improve CPU performance?",Answer:"Pipelining",Distractor1:"Encoding",Distractor2:"Ratelimiting",Distractor3:"None of these",Explanation:"A substantial improvement in performance can be achieved by overlapping the execution of successive instructions,using a technique called pipelining ",Link:"https://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/courses/soco/projects/risc/pipelining/index.html"},{Question:"Which one of these data structures follows the LIFO(Last In First Out) method?",Answer:"Stacks",Distractor1:"Priority Queues",Distractor2:"Trees",Distractor3:"Queues",Explanation:"A stack is a linear data structure that uses the LIFO(Last In First Out) method.",Link:"https://youtu.be/RBSGKlAvoiM?t=3567"},{Question:"Which of the following is a Divide and Conquer algorithm?",Answer:"Merge Sort",Distractor1:"Selection Sort",Distractor2:"Heap Sort",Distractor3:"Bubble Sort",Explanation:"Merge Sort recursively splits the array into smaller arrays, sorts those arrays and merges them into one sorted array.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/an-intro-to-advanced-sorting-algorithms-merge-quick-radix-sort-in-javascript-b65842194597/"},{Question:"Which of the following is correct for arrays?",Answer:"Size of an array can not be changed once initialized",Distractor1:"Insertion and deletion of elements has a time complexity of O(1)",Distractor2:"A single array can contain data of different data types",Distractor3:"It can only be one-dimensional",Explanation:"When you create an array, you are allocated a block of contiguous memory and in order to change it's size, you will have to create a new array.",Link:"https://youtu.be/zg9ih6SVACc?t=1470"},{Question:"What is a first class function?",Answer:"The ability to send and receive functions like values.",Distractor1:"Functions with higher priority than others.",Distractor2:"Functions declared in classes",Distractor3:"Functions that only return numbers",Explanation:"If functions can be sent and received just like values, than that language is said to have first class functions. They are also called first class citizens.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/discover-the-power-of-first-class-functions-fd0d7b599b69/"},{Question:"What are parallel arrays?",Answer:"two or more arrays that contain the same number of elements and have corresponding values in the same position",Distractor1:"arrays that only hold strings",Distractor2:"arrays that only hold numbers",Distractor3:"a special type of nested arrays",Explanation:"Parallel arrays contain the same number of elements and have corresponding values in the same position.",Link:"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zg9ih6SVACc&t=1379s"},{Question:"What is a bug?",Answer:"An error in a computer program that causes it to generate an incorrect or unexpected result or output.",Distractor1:"A programming paradigm. ",Distractor2:"A programming structure that repeats a block of code a given number of times",Distractor3:"This concept is not related to programming at all.",Explanation:"A bug is an error in a computer program that causes it to generate an incorrect or unexpected result or output. The process of finding and fixing bugs is known as debugging.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug"},{Question:"What is a Floating point number?",Answer:"A number with a decimal point",Distractor1:"A number greater than 100",Distractor2:"A number less than 0",Distractor3:"A number that is divisible by 3",Explanation:"A floating point number is a number with a decimal point.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/floating-point-definition/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Zettabyte?",Answer:"1 sextillion bytes",Distractor1:"1 hundred bytes",Distractor2:"1 thousand bytes",Distractor3:"1 million bytes",Explanation:"A Zettabyte is composed of 1 sextillion bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/zettabyte-definition/"},{Question:"The process of finding and fixing bugs in a computer program is known as...",Answer:"Debugging",Distractor1:"Encapsulation",Distractor2:"Abstraction",Distractor3:"Looping",Explanation:"Debugging is the process of finding and fixing bugs in a computer program. ",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debugging"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Terabyte?",Answer:"1 trillion bytes",Distractor1:"1 billion bytes",Distractor2:"1 thousand bytes",Distractor3:"1 million bytes",Explanation:"A Terabyte is composed of 1 trillion bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/terabyte-definition/"},{Question:"What is a server?",Answer:"A software or hardware device that sends data over a network",Distractor1:"A Python library",Distractor2:"A type of compiler",Distractor3:"An IDE",Explanation:"A server is a software or hardware device that sends data over a network",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/server-definition/"},{Question:"The values that an operator operates on are known as...",Answer:"Operands",Distractor1:"Operators",Distractor2:"Operative",Distractor3:"Operation",Explanation:"The values that an operator operates on are known as operands.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operand"},{Question:"What is an algorithm?",Answer:"A sequence of detailed step-by-step instructions to complete a task.",Distractor1:"A programming paradigm.",Distractor2:"A Python module.",Distractor3:"A web development framework.",Explanation:"An algorithm is a sequence of detailed step-by-step instructions to complete a task.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/algorithms-explained-what-they-are-and-common-sorting-algorithms/"},{Question:"How many bits make up a byte?",Answer:"8 bits",Distractor1:"16 bits",Distractor2:"32 bits",Distractor3:"12 bits",Explanation:"There are 8 bits in a byte",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/byte-definition/"},{Question:"What is an operating system?",Answer:"Manages the hardware and software components of a computer",Distractor1:"A program that translates code from one languages to another",Distractor2:"A system that converts data into machine code",Distractor3:"A base 2 numerical system made up of 0's and 1's",Explanation:"An operating system manages the hardware and software components of a computer.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-pc-computer-definition-and-computer-basics-for-beginners/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Exabyte?",Answer:"1 quintillion bytes",Distractor1:"1 billion bytes",Distractor2:"1 trillion bytes",Distractor3:"1 thousand bytes",Explanation:"A Exabyte is composed of 1 quintillion bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/exabyte-definition/"},{Question:"What does API stand for?",Answer:"Application Programming Interface",Distractor1:"Apple Pie Inside",Distractor2:"Application Program Interface",Distractor3:"Another Program Interface",Explanation:"API stands for Application Programming Interface.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-does-api-stand-for-a-definition-of-the-coding-acronym-in-plain-english/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Gigabyte?",Answer:"1 billion bytes",Distractor1:"1 quintillion bytes",Distractor2:"1 trillion bytes",Distractor3:"1 hundred bytes",Explanation:"A Gigabyte is composed of 1 billion bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/gigabyte-definition/"},{Question:"Select the type of loop that repeats a sequence of instructions an unknown number of times while a condition is True. ",Answer:"While loop",Distractor1:"For loop",Distractor2:"Infinite loop",Distractor3:"Circular loop",Explanation:"While loops repeat a block of code an unknown number of times while a condition is True and they stop when the condition is False. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/python-while-loop-tutorial/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Yottabyte?",Answer:"1 septillion bytes",Distractor1:"1 thousand bytes",Distractor2:"1 million bytes",Distractor3:"1 billion bytes",Explanation:"A Yottabyte is made up of 1 septillion bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/yottabyte-definition/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Kilobyte?",Answer:"1,000 bytes",Distractor1:"100 bytes",Distractor2:"10 bytes",Distractor3:"1 byte",Explanation:"A Kilobyte is composed of 1,000 bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/kilobyte-definition/"},{Question:"What is a bit?",Answer:"Smallest form of data on a computer",Distractor1:"Structured assembly language ",Distractor2:"A special type of file system",Distractor3:"A special type of object",Explanation:'A binary digit or "bit" is the smallest form of data on a computer',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/bit-definition/"},{Question:"What is RAM?",Answer:"A type of short term memory that stores data that computer processors need access to",Distractor1:"A type of memory that computers use to call servers",Distractor2:"A type of memory that computers use to delete data",Distractor3:"A type of memory that computers use to connect with other devices",Explanation:"Random Access Memory is a type of short term memory that stores data that computer processors can access frequently.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/ram-definition/"},{Question:"What unit is used to measure the speed of a CPU?",Answer:"GHz (gigahertz)",Distractor1:"MHz (megahertz)",Distractor2:"kHz (kilohertz)",Distractor3:"THz (terahertz)",Explanation:"The speed of a computer is determined by its clock cycle. The clock speed measures the number of cycles the CPU executes per second. Hertz is a unit of frequency. The CPU clock cycle is measured in GHz (gigahertz). 1GHz is equal to 10 \u2079 Hz (hertz).So 1Gigahertz means 10 \u2079 cycles per second.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-does-a-cpu-work/"},{Question:"Each one of the alternative sequence of statements in a conditional statement is known as...",Answer:"Branch",Distractor1:"Decision",Distractor2:"Path",Distractor3:"Loop",Explanation:"Each one of the alternative sequence of statements in a conditional statement is known as a branch.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/python-if-else-statement-conditional-statements-explained/"},{Question:"What is an infinite loop?",Answer:"A loop that will continue endlessly unless an external intervention stops its execution. ",Distractor1:"A loop that only completes two iterations.",Distractor2:"A loop that cannot be stopped, even with external intervention. ",Distractor3:"A loop that never runs.",Explanation:"An infinite loop is a loop whose condition is always true, so it will continue running endlessly unless there is some external intervention to stop it.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/python-while-loop-tutorial/"},{Question:"What is pair programming?",Answer:"Two people coding together on one computer",Distractor1:"One person coding on two computers at the same time",Distractor2:"Programming on a non-Apple computer (also known as pear programming)",Distractor3:"Programming where you use each data structure twice",Explanation:'When Pair Programming, one developer is the "driver" with their hands on the keyboard. The other is the "navigator" helping talk through the problem and decide what to do. They periodically switch roles. This is an efficient and commonly used Agile Software Development methodology.',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/want-to-be-a-developer-you-should-probably-be-pair-programming-2c6ec12c4866/"},{Question:"What does CPU stand for?",Answer:"Central Processing Unit",Distractor1:"Central Protocol Unit",Distractor2:"Central Programming Unit",Distractor3:"Control Processing Unit",Explanation:"CPU stands for Central Processing Unit which performs logic computations for the program.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-cpu-meaning-definition-and-what-cpu-stands-for/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Petabyte?",Answer:"1 quadrillion bytes",Distractor1:"1 quintillion bytes",Distractor2:"1 hundred bytes",Distractor3:"1 million bytes",Explanation:"A Petabyte is composed of 1 quadrillion bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/petabyte-definition/"},{Question:"What is a Boolean?",Answer:"A data type representing a true or false value.",Distractor1:"A data type representing a number.",Distractor2:"A programming language.",Distractor3:"A Python library.",Explanation:"In computer science, a Boolean is a data type which only has two possible values of true or false.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/boolean-definition/"},{Question:"What is a virtual machine?",Answer:"A computer inside another computer",Distractor1:"a popular JavaScript library",Distractor2:"a Linux distribution",Distractor3:"another name for a compiler",Explanation:"A virtual machine is a program you run on a computer that acts like it is a separate computer. It is basically a way to create a computer within a computer.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-virtual-machine-and-how-to-setup-a-vm-on-windows-linux-and-mac/"},{Question:"What is a password?",Answer:"A secret set of characters",Distractor1:"A way to request data from a server",Distractor2:"A special type of computer memory",Distractor3:"A type of array",Explanation:"A password is a secret set of characters used to login in to applications",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/password-definition/"},{Question:"A special symbol used to perform arithmetic or logical computations is known as...",Answer:"Operator",Distractor1:"Operand",Distractor2:"Operation",Distractor3:"Operative",Explanation:"A special symbol used to perform arithmetic or logical computations is known as operator.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_(computer_programming)"},{Question:"Which one is NOT a popular operating system for computers?",Answer:"PASSIM",Distractor1:"Microsoft Windows",Distractor2:"macOS",Distractor3:"Linux",Explanation:"Linux, Microsoft Windows and macOS are three popular operating systems used by developers.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-pc-computer-definition-and-computer-basics-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What is RGB?",Answer:"A color model",Distractor1:"An Internet Protocol",Distractor2:"HTML syntax",Distractor3:"A secret password",Explanation:"RGB is an acronym that stands for Red Green Blue. It expresses colors in terms of the amount of red, green, and blue they are made up of and uses a human counting system with integers ranging from 0-255 or a percentage ranging from (0% - 100%).",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/rgb-color-html-and-css-guide/"},{Question:"Fonts that are generally available across most browsers and operating systems are known as...",Answer:"Web safe fonts",Distractor1:"General fonts",Distractor2:"Universal fonts",Distractor3:"Web Fonts",Explanation:"Web safe fonts are the fonts that are generally available across most browsers and operating systems.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/web-safe-fonts/"},{Question:"What does GIF stand for?",Answer:"Graphics Interchange Format",Distractor1:"Graphical International Format",Distractor2:"Graphical Interconnected Functions",Distractor3:"General Interchange Format",Explanation:"GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-make-a-gif-create-animated-gifs-without-downloading-software/#:~:text=A%20GIF%20(Graphics%20Interchange%20Format,with%20your%20friends%20and%20family."},{Question:"When was the World Wide Web invented?",Answer:"1989",Distractor1:"1990",Distractor2:"1995",Distractor3:"2005",Explanation:"Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web"},{Question:"What does DOM stand for?",Answer:"Document Object Model",Distractor1:"Direct Object Model",Distractor2:"Document Objective Model",Distractor3:"Documentary Object Mobile",Explanation:"DOM stands for Document Object Model.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-the-dom-document-object-model-meaning-in-javascript/#:~:text=DOM%20stands%20for%20Document%20Object,remove%20elements%20from%20the%20document."},{Question:"What does PNG stand for?",Answer:"Portable Network Graphics",Distractor1:"Portable New Graphics",Distractor2:"Premium Network Graphics",Distractor3:"Portable Network Green",Explanation:"PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics"},{Question:"What color would rgb(255,255,255) give?",Answer:"White",Distractor1:"Red",Distractor2:"Black",Distractor3:"Blue",Explanation:"The maximum value of 255 represents that the full amount of all colors and their full intensity is on display.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/rgb-color-html-and-css-guide/"},{Question:"The rules that determine the correct structure of the code in a computer program are known as...",Answer:"Syntax",Distractor1:"Semantics",Distractor2:"Interpreter",Distractor3:"Compiler",Explanation:"The rules that determine the correct structure of the code in a computer program are known as syntax.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_(programming_languages)"},{Question:"What do R, G, and B in RGB stand for?",Answer:"Red, green, and blue",Distractor1:"Red, gray, and black ",Distractor2:"Red, green, and black",Distractor3:"Red, gray, and blue",Explanation:"RGB is an acronym that stands for Red Green Blue",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/rgb-color-html-and-css-guide/"},{Question:"What does a CPU do?",Answer:"A CPU executes commands from a computer program",Distractor1:"Writes code for developers",Distractor2:"Displays images and text on screen",Distractor3:"Points to objects on the screen",Explanation:"The CPU is the brains of a computer that processes operations and executes instructions for computer programs. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-cpu-meaning-definition-and-what-cpu-stands-for/"},{Question:"What is Binary?",Answer:"A numeral system where the values are 0's and 1's.",Distractor1:"A numeral system where the values are 1's and 2's.",Distractor2:"A numeral system where the values are 0-7.",Distractor3:"A numeral system where the values are 0-9.",Explanation:"Binary is a base 2 numeral system whose values are 0 and 1.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/binary-definition/"},{Question:"The process by which a function calls itself directly or indirectly is known as...",Answer:"Recursion",Distractor1:"Looping",Distractor2:"Encapsulation",Distractor3:"Decomposition",Explanation:"Recursion is the process by which a function calls itself directly or indirectly during its execution. This works for problems that can be solved by solving smaller instances of the same problem. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/understanding-recursion-in-programming/"},{Question:"Which of the following is considered an example of an input device?",Answer:"A computer mouse",Distractor1:"Speakers",Distractor2:"Monitor",Distractor3:"Projector",Explanation:"Examples of Input devices are a keyboard (used for typing text and characters \u2013 essentially for entering any written information), a mouse (for clicking, pointing, and selecting appropriate data) and a microphone.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-pc-computer-definition-and-computer-basics-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What does IDE stand for?",Answer:"Integrated Development Environment",Distractor1:"Internal Development Environment",Distractor2:"Integrated Design Environment",Distractor3:"International Development Experimentation",Explanation:"IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-an-ide-in-programming-an-ide-definition-for-developers/"},{Question:"The set of instructions that specifies a computation in known as...",Answer:"Program",Distractor1:"Syntax",Distractor2:"Recursion",Distractor3:"API",Explanation:"The set of instructions that specifies a computation is known as a program.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-programming/"},{Question:"What do HDD and SSD stand for in computer hardware?",Answer:"Hard Disk Drive & Solid State Drive",Distractor1:"Harvest Disk Drive & Solid State Drive",Distractor2:"Hard Disk Drive & Segment State Drive",Distractor3:"Hard Disk Drive & Scratch State Drive",Explanation:"HDD stands for Hard Disk Drive while SSD stands for Solid State Drive.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-pc-computer-definition-and-computer-basics-for-beginners/"},{Question:"Who invented the World Wide Web?",Answer:"Tim Berners-Lee",Distractor1:"Ada Lovelace",Distractor2:"Alan Turing",Distractor3:"Quincy Larson",Explanation:"Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee"},{Question:"What is another term used when referring to the CPU?",Answer:"Processor",Distractor1:"Operating System",Distractor2:"System Unit",Distractor3:"Computer Software",Explanation:"CPU is short for Central Processing Unit. It is also known as a processor or microprocessor.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-cpu-meaning-definition-and-what-cpu-stands-for/"},{Question:"What does ISP stand for?",Answer:"Internet Service Provider",Distractor1:"Internet System Provider",Distractor2:"International Service Provider",Distractor3:"Intermediate Systems Provider",Explanation:"ISP stands for Internet Service Provider.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-does-the-internet-work/"},{Question:"What does JPEG stand for?",Answer:"Joint Photographic Experts Group",Distractor1:"Join Photogenic Experimental Group",Distractor2:"Join Photographic External Graphics",Distractor3:"Join Photos Enchanted Graphics",Explanation:"JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG"},{Question:"What does HTTP stand for?",Answer:"HyperText Transfer Protocol",Distractor1:"HyperText Transmission Protocol",Distractor2:"HyperTest Transfer Product",Distractor3:"HyperText Transfer Password",Explanation:"HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/http-and-everything-you-need-to-know-about-it/"},{Question:"How many bytes make up a Megabyte?",Answer:"1 million bytes",Distractor1:"1 thousand bytes",Distractor2:"1 billion bytes",Distractor3:"1 trillion bytes",Explanation:"A Megabyte is composed of 1 million bytes",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/megabyte-definition/"},{Question:"What is the Internet?",Answer:"A bunch of wires and undersea cables connected and buried deep in the ground and oceans, all around the world.",Distractor1:"A cloud",Distractor2:"Another term for the World Wide Web",Distractor3:"An executable program file",Explanation:"The Internet is actually a wire. Well, it's many wires that connect computers all around the world. The Internet is also infrastructure. It's a global network of interconnected computers that communicate in a standardized way with set protocols.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/brief-history-of-the-internet/"},{Question:"Which phase is NOT part of the Design Thinking Process?",Answer:"Rationalize",Distractor1:"Ideate",Distractor2:"Prototype",Distractor3:"Empathize",Explanation:"The five phases of the Design Thinking Process are Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-design-thinking-process-explained/"},{Question:"What type of loop is used to repeat a block of code a known number of times?",Answer:"For loop",Distractor1:"While loop",Distractor2:"Infinite loop",Distractor3:"Triangular loop",Explanation:"For loops repeat a block of code a known number of times, so we can use them when we know in advance how many iterations we need to run to complete a task. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/javascript-loops-explained-for-loop-for/"},{Question:"Which one is NOT a standard HTTP response status code?",Answer:"702",Distractor1:"403",Distractor2:"504",Distractor3:"201",Explanation:"HTTP response status codes are divided in five groups between 100-599.",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status"},{Question:"What is WebP?",Answer:"Is an image format",Distractor1:"Is a web page",Distractor2:"Is a video format",Distractor3:"Is a domain name",Explanation:"Is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression for images on the Internet using predictive coding to encode an image.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/make-your-website-load-lightning-fast-with-webp-images-cf55c98ac0a2/"},{Question:"What is Lossy compression?",Answer:"A compression algorithm",Distractor1:"An algorithm to reduce file names",Distractor2:"A reverse algorithm",Distractor3:"A sorting algorithm",Explanation:"Lossy compression permits reconstruction only of an approximation of the original data.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/image-file-types-picture-format-extensions-jpeg-gif-png-svg-tiff/"},{Question:"What is a domain name?",Answer:"The address of a website",Distractor1:"The name of a website",Distractor2:"The name of a network",Distractor3:"The IP address of a user",Explanation:"A domain name is the address of a website. It's the name you type into a web browser to access that specific website.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-domain-name-example/"},{Question:"A value passed to a function (or method) when calling the function is known as...",Answer:"Argument",Distractor1:"Parameter",Distractor2:"Return value",Distractor3:"Class",Explanation:"An argument is a value passed to a function (or method) when the function or method is called.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/python-function-examples-how-to-declare-and-invoke-with-parameters-2/"},{Question:"What does SVG stand for?",Answer:"Scalable Vector Graphics",Distractor1:"Stretchable Vector Graphics",Distractor2:"Scalable Vectorial Graphics",Distractor3:"Screen Vector Graphics",Explanation:"SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphics.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/use-svg-images-in-css-html/"},{Question:"What is Lossless compression?",Answer:"a compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.",Distractor1:"a sorting algorithm",Distractor2:"a reverse algorithm",Distractor3:"an algorithm that converts wav files to mp3 files",Explanation:"Lossless compression is a compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/image-file-types-picture-format-extensions-jpeg-gif-png-svg-tiff/"},{Question:"What is a Nibble?",Answer:"Nibble is a four-bit aggregation",Distractor1:"Nibble is an algorithm",Distractor2:"Nibble is a octet",Distractor3:"Nibble is a device",Explanation:"A Nibble is a group of four bits (half of a byte)",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nibble"},{Question:"Which data structure is used for the implementation of a recursive algorithm?",Answer:"Stack",Distractor1:"Queue",Distractor2:"Linked list",Distractor3:"Tree",Explanation:"In recursion, the nested function that is called later returns the value first, which is in the same nature as that of a stack (Last In First Out).",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-recursion-works-explained-with-flowcharts-and-a-video-de61f40cb7f9/"},{Question:"Which one is NOT a programming paradigm?",Answer:"Boolean Programming",Distractor1:"Object-Oriented Programming",Distractor2:"Functional Programming",Distractor3:"Procedural Programming",Explanation:"Object-oriented programming, functional programming and procedural programming are all well known paradigms.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/an-introduction-to-programming-paradigms/"},{Question:"Which one is NOT a real logic gate?",Answer:"XAND",Distractor1:"AND",Distractor2:"NAND",Distractor3:"XNOR",Explanation:"The seven logic gates in boolean algebra are AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XNOR.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/boolean-algebra/"},{Question:"Which type of computer network generally has the smallest size?",Answer:"PAN",Distractor1:"MAN",Distractor2:"LAN",Distractor3:"WAN",Explanation:"Some examples of a Personal Area Network (PAN) include tablets, video game consoles and smartphones. ",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network"},{Question:"Which color model is used for printing?",Answer:"CMYK",Distractor1:"RGB",Distractor2:"RYB",Distractor3:"HSV",Explanation:"The CMYK color model uses subtractive colors, thus producing better results on a white background like a paper.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_model"},{Question:"What are the four pillars of Object-oriented programming?",Answer:"Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.",Distractor1:"Objects, Methods, Properties and Fields.",Distractor2:"Immutability, Purity, Transparency and State.",Distractor3:"Declaration, Modeling, Evaluation and Implementation.",Explanation:"Abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are software design principles to help you write clean object-oriented code.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/four-pillars-of-object-oriented-programming/"},{Question:"What is pseudocode?",Answer:"Pseudocode is fake code that is used to write programs that are easily understood.",Distractor1:"An old programming language that they used back in the day.",Distractor2:"A diagrammatic representation of a set of instructions",Distractor3:"A specific programming language that all computers use",Explanation:"Pseudocode is fake code that is used to write programs in which you represent the sequence of actions and instructions (aka algorithms) in a form that humans can easily understand.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-pseudocode-in-programming/"},{Question:"What is a function?",Answer:"Is a block of code that is self-contained behavior for the computer to run.",Distractor1:"an extensible program-code-template",Distractor2:"Text that does not get executed by the computer",Distractor3:"container for storing data",Explanation:"The code inside a function runs only when it is needed, meaning only when it is called.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/introduction-to-computer-programming-and-computer-science-course/"},{Question:"What are loops?",Answer:"Code used to run certain instructions repeatedly.",Distractor1:"Code that is ran only one time",Distractor2:"Code to encapsulate statements",Distractor3:"Code that ends the program",Explanation:"A statement which can repeat a set of statements up to a fixed number of times or until a certain criterion is satisfied.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/introduction-to-computer-programming-and-computer-science-course/"},{Question:"What is an array?",Answer:"Is a list of data",Distractor1:"A variable that is assigned a single value",Distractor2:"A function that loops through data",Distractor3:"A programming language used for Macintosh computer",Explanation:"An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/introduction-to-computer-programming-and-computer-science-course/"},{Question:"What is the best case time complexity for the merge sort algorithm?",Answer:"O(n*log(n))",Distractor1:"O(n^2)",Distractor2:"O(log(n))",Distractor3:"O(2^n)",Explanation:"Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that has a best case time complexity of O(n*log n)",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/an-intro-to-advanced-sorting-algorithms-merge-quick-radix-sort-in-javascript-b65842194597/"},{Question:"What is the advantage of using linked lists over arrays?",Answer:"Linked lists helps in faster insertions and deletions than arrays",Distractor1:"Memory usage in linked lists is less than arrays",Distractor2:"Reverse traversal is possible in singly linked lists",Distractor3:"Random accessing elements is easier in linked lists than arrays",Explanation:"Linked lists have quicker insertions and deletions than arrays because there is no need to shift all other elements with lists.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/data-structures-101-linked-lists-254c82cf5883/"},{Question:"Which sorting algorithm is best when data is nearly sorted?",Answer:"Bubble Sort",Distractor1:"Merge Sort",Distractor2:"Insertion Sort",Distractor3:"Selection Sort",Explanation:"If the list is nearly sorted, then Bubble Sort is a good choice because it will sort the data with only a few passes of the array.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/bubble-sort/"},{Question:"In which generation of computers were compilers introduced?",Answer:"Third generation",Distractor1:"Fourth generation",Distractor2:"First generation",Distractor3:"Second generation",Explanation:"Translators called compilers were introduced in third generation to translate the code programmers wrote to machine executable binary code.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/computer-coding-computer-program-definition-and-code-meaning/"},{Question:"Which algorithm finds the shortest path between nodes in a graph?",Answer:"Dijkstra's Algorithm",Distractor1:"Rabin-Karp Algorithm",Distractor2:"Binary Search Algorithm",Distractor3:"Quicksort Algorithm",Explanation:"Dijkstra's Algorithm can find the shortest path from a node (called the 'source node') to all other nodes in the graph, producing a shortest-path tree.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/dijkstras-shortest-path-algorithm-visual-introduction/"},{Question:"In Banker's algorithm, which part of the computer represents the 'Banker'?",Answer:"Operating System",Distractor1:"RAM",Distractor2:"CPU",Distractor3:"Register",Explanation:"Banker's algorithm is most commonly used within banking systems to help determine if resources are available to lend to customers. The operating system represents the 'Banker' because it decides the resource allocation.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-an-os-operating-system-definition-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What is Big Theta notation?",Answer:"A range between the lower and upper bounds of an algorithm's performance",Distractor1:"The lower bound of an algorithm's performance",Distractor2:"The upper bound of an algorithm's performance",Distractor3:"The average case for an algorithm's performance",Explanation:"Big theta is either the exact performance value of the algorithm, or a useful range between narrow upper and lower bounds.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/big-theta-and-asymptotic-notation-explained/"},{Question:"Which of the following runtimes can be used for recursive functions that make multiple calls?",Answer:"branches ^ (depth) i.e. 'b' raised to the power of 'd'",Distractor1:"depth ^ (branches)",Distractor2:"2 ^ (branches)",Distractor3:"2 ^ (branches * depth)",Explanation:"An O(branches ^ depth) runtime is often reported (although not always) for recursive functions that make multiple calls.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-big-o-notation/"},{Question:"What is the worst case time complexity for binary and linear search?",Answer:"binary search is O(logn) and linear search is O(n)",Distractor1:"binary search is O(n) and linear search is O(logn)",Distractor2:"binary search is O(n) and linear search is O(n)",Distractor3:"binary search is O(logn) and linear search is O(logn)",Explanation:"The worst case time complexity for linear search O(n) because we have to iterate through n elements. The worst case time complexity for binary search is O(logn) because it is a divide and conquer algorithm.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/search-algorithms-linear-and-binary-search-explained/"},{Question:"What is Proprietary Software?",Answer:"Software which is owned by an organization or an individual.",Distractor1:"Software where the code is publicly available for people to modify, and share.",Distractor2:"Software where the code can be used by everyone for free",Distractor3:"Software that has only been developed by Oracle",Explanation:"The original authors of proprietary software can modify its code. Users of this type of software have to agree not to alter it in any way unless they have permission from the owners to do so.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-open-source-software-explained-in-plain-english"},{Question:"What is Open Source Software?",Answer:"A type of software where the code is publicly available for people to view, modify, and share.",Distractor1:"Software owned by Big Tech Companies",Distractor2:"Software developed by Facebook",Distractor3:"Software where the code is only available to a select few people",Explanation:"Open Source Software is code that is publicly available for people to view, modify, and share. One example of open source would be freeCodeCamp.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-open-source-software-explained-in-plain-english"},{Question:"How does the Bubble Sort algorithm work?",Answer:"This algorithm traverses a list, compares adjacent values, and swaps them if they are not in the correct order.",Distractor1:"This algorithm divides the list into different buckets and sorts these buckets individually.",Distractor2:"This algorithm selects the current smallest element, and swaps it into place.",Distractor3:"This algorithm breaks down an unsorted list into two halves.",Explanation:"The Bubble Sort algorithm traverses a list, compares adjacent values, and swaps them if they are not in the correct order.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/sorting-algorithms-explained-with-examples-in-python-java-and-c"},{Question:"What is the underlining process behind the Merge Sort algorithm?",Answer:"Recursion",Distractor1:"String matching and parsing",Distractor2:"backtracking",Distractor3:"graph traversal",Explanation:"The Merge Sort algorithm works by recursively breaking down an unsorted list into two halves until it reaches a point where it can no longer be broken down.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-sort-recursively-in-python"},{Question:"What is a String?",Answer:"A data type that comprises of a sequence of characters",Distractor1:"An Array indicator for programming languages",Distractor2:"A Data Structure for data arrangement",Distractor3:"a programming language for complex tasks",Explanation:"A string is a data type that can contain many different characters. A string is written as a series of characters between single or double quotes.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-lowercase-a-string-in-javascript-tolowercase-in-js/"},{Question:"What is the worst case time complexity for Bubble sort?",Answer:"O(n^2)",Distractor1:"O(logn)",Distractor2:"O(n)",Distractor3:"O(nlogn)",Explanation:"Bubble sort has a worst case time complexity of O(n^2), which is slow compared to other sorting algorithms.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/bubble-sort/"},{Question:"Which HTTP status code returns 'I'm a teapot'?",Answer:"418",Distractor1:"000",Distractor2:"007",Distractor3:"128",Explanation:"HTTP status code 418 returns 'I'm a teapot' and it is a reference to a 1998 April Fools' joke.",Link:"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/418#"},{Question:"Which of the following time complexities is considered to be the fastest?",Answer:"O(1)",Distractor1:"O(logn)",Distractor2:"O(n)",Distractor3:"O(nlogn)",Explanation:"O(1) is independent of input size so it remains in constant time regardless of the size of the input.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/big-o-cheat-sheet-time-complexity-chart/"},{Question:"What is the worst case time complexity for Selection sort?",Answer:"O(n*n)",Distractor1:"O(n*logn)",Distractor2:"O(n^3)",Distractor3:"O(n+k)",Explanation:"Selection sort has a worst case time complexity of O(n*n), due to the two nested loops.",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/the-selection-sort-algorithm-explained-with-examples/16106"},{Question:"Which of the following is a dynamically typed language?",Answer:"Python",Distractor1:"C",Distractor2:"Java",Distractor3:"C++",Explanation:"Statically-typed languages like C, C++, and Java, perform type checking at compile time whereas dynamically-typed languages like Python and JavaScript perform type checking at runtime.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/why-use-static-types-in-javascript-part-1-8382da1e0adb/#:~:text=series%20is%20about.-,First%2C%20a%20definition,-The%20quickest%20way"},{Question:"If you were to solve the classic FizzBuzz challenge, what would be the output for the 15th iteration?",Answer:"FizzBuzz",Distractor1:"Fizz",Distractor2:"Buzz",Distractor3:"BuzzFizz",Explanation:"FizzBuzz is a common coding challenge where you will need to write a loop that iterates from 1 to N while outputting 'Fizz' at multiples of 3, 'Buzz' at multiples of 5 and 'FizzBuzz' at multiples of 3 and 5. Position 15 has the word FizzBuzz because it is a multiple of both 3 and 5.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz"},{Question:"What's the Big O notation of an algorithm that increases the running time linearly with the input size?",Answer:"O(n)",Distractor1:"O(n^2)",Distractor2:"O(1)",Distractor3:"O(log n)",Explanation:"The letter n represents the input size, and the big O represents the increase of the running time.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/big-o-cheat-sheet-time-complexity-chart/"},{Question:"Why are sorting algorithms important in programming?",Answer:"Sorting algorithms are important because they can reduce the complexity of a problem.",Distractor1:"Sorting algorithms are important because they are only used to arrange data in alphabetical order",Distractor2:"Sorting algorithms are important because they are frequently asked in interviews.",Distractor3:"Sorting algorithms are not important because there are faster ways to solve problems",Explanation:"Sorting algorithms are important because they can reduce the complexity of a problem by arranging data in a specific order, which can make it easier to solve and streamline various tasks and processes.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/sorting-algorithms-explained-with-examples-in-python-java-and-c/#classification-of-a-sorting-algorithm"},{Question:"Which of the following examples shows the correct syntax for kebab case?",Answer:"number-of-donuts",Distractor1:"number_of_donuts",Distractor2:"numberOfDonuts",Distractor3:"number*of*donuts",Explanation:"Kebab case separates each lowercase word by dashes.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/snake-case-vs-camel-case-vs-pascal-case-vs-kebab-case-whats-the-difference/"},{Question:"Which of the following type of trees is also known as a 'large key' tree?",Answer:"B-Tree",Distractor1:"Binary Search Tree",Distractor2:"Adelson-Velsky and Landis Tree (AVL Tree/Height balanced tree)",Distractor3:"Ternary Tree",Explanation:"B-Trees are identified by their capacity to hold a significant quantity of keys within a single node, leading to their alternative name, large key trees.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/b-tree-self-balancing-search-index-data-structures-explained/"},{Question:"Which data structure is used to implement an auto-complete feature?",Answer:"Trie",Distractor1:"Linked List",Distractor2:"Stack",Distractor3:"Tree",Explanation:"A Trie is a tree based data structure where each node stores a character performing efficient search operations on them",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trie"},{Question:"Which of the following tree traversal algorithms has an O(1) space complexity?",Answer:"Morris algorithm",Distractor1:"Bellman-Ford algorithm",Distractor2:"Floyd Warshall algorithm",Distractor3:"Dijkstra's algorithm",Explanation:"Morris traversal is a tree traversal algorithm that does not employ the use of recursion or a stack. In this traversal, links are created as successors and nodes are printed using these links.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal#Morris_in-order_traversal_using_threading"},{Question:"Which of the following search algorithms is best for finding the minimum or maximum of an unimodal function?",Answer:"Ternary Search",Distractor1:"Binary Search",Distractor2:"Linear Search",Distractor3:"Sentinel Linear Search",Explanation:"Ternary Search is similar to binary search but distinguishes itself through a trisection approach giving us three possibilities for the two points m1 and m2 f(m1) < f(m2), f(m1) > f(m2), f(m1) = f(m2)",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_search"},{Question:"In the RotateLeft or RotateRight function in an AVL tree, when do we update the root of the tree?",Answer:"when the Parent of the node becomes nullptr",Distractor1:"when the node becomes nullptr",Distractor2:"when the node becomes a leaf of the tree",Distractor3:"when the height balance is restored ",Explanation:"When the parent of the node becomes nullptr, this means the node is the root of the tree. So when we make a right or left rotation, we need to update the root of the tree with the appropriate child of the node.",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/algorithms-avl-trees/297458"},{Question:"In a Red-Black Tree, every tree leaf node is _________",Answer:"Black",Distractor1:"Red",Distractor2:"Red or Black",Distractor3:"White",Explanation:"A Red-Black Tree is a self-balancing Binary Search Tree (BST) and every tree leaf node is always black.",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/red-black-trees/297473"},{Question:"What is a data structure that consists of nodes, where each node has data and a reference to the next node in the sequence?",Answer:"Linked List",Distractor1:"Vector",Distractor2:"Stack",Distractor3:"Heap",Explanation:"A Linked List contains nodes and each node has data and a reference to next node so that it can have access to the data of its next node and we can get the information of all nodes by iterating the node until it reaches nullptr.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-linked-lists-work/"},{Question:"What is the basis for a Red-Black tree?",Answer:"2-3-4 tree",Distractor1:"AVL Tree",Distractor2:"Red-Black Graphs",Distractor3:"Linked List",Explanation:"A Red-Black Tree is based upon a 2-3-4 tree where the red nodes collapse into the black node above them to form a 2-3-4 node.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree"},{Question:"What are the space and time complexities for Red-Black Trees where n are the number of entries?",Answer:"O(n), O(logn)",Distractor1:"O(n), O(n^2)",Distractor2:"O(logn), O(logn)",Distractor3:"O(nlogn), O(1)",Explanation:"As we have n Nodes we get a Space Complexity of O(n). The (re-)balancing is not perfect, but guarantees searching in O(log n). The insert and delete operations, along with the tree rearrangement and recoloring, are also performed in O(log n) time",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree"},{Question:"Which of the following algorithms is used in Identifying a circular linked list?",Answer:"Floyd's Tortoise-Hare Algorithm",Distractor1:"Dijkstra's Algorithm",Distractor2:"Greedy Algorithms",Distractor3:"Linear Search Algorithm",Explanation:"Floyd's Tortoise-Hare Algorithm is for finding a circular Linked list. The Hare is a pointer which jumps 2 nodes while the Tortoise moves one node at a time. In case they both meet, we get a circular linked list. If any of them becomes nullptr, then there is no Circular Linked list.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_detection"},{Question:"What is the time complexity of the Floyd-Warshall algorithm for finding all shortest paths in a weighted graph?",Answer:"O(V^3)",Distractor1:"O(V log V)",Distractor2:"O(V^2 log V)",Distractor3:"O(E log V)",Explanation:"The Floyd-Warshall algorithm has a time complexity of O(V^3), where V is the number of vertices in the graph.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floyd%E2%80%93Warshall_algorithm"},{Question:"In the context of machine learning, what is the bias-variance trade-off?",Answer:"The balance between underfitting (high bias) and overfitting (high variance) in a model.",Distractor1:"A technique to reduce overfitting in neural networks.",Distractor2:"The trade-off between precision and recall in classification.",Distractor3:"The relationship between accuracy and complexity in algorithms.",Explanation:"The bias-variance trade-off refers to finding the right balance in a machine learning model to avoid underfitting (high bias) and overfitting (high variance).",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias%E2%80%93variance_tradeoff"},{Question:"What is the purpose of a Bloom filter in computer science?",Answer:"To test whether an element is a member of a set with a small probability of false positives.",Distractor1:"To compress data for efficient storage.",Distractor2:"To encrypt data for secure transmission.",Distractor3:"To hash passwords for authentication.",Explanation:"A Bloom filter is a data structure used to test membership in a set with a small probability of false positives, making it suitable for tasks like spell checking and network routing.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter"},{Question:"What is the purpose of dynamic programming in algorithm design?",Answer:"To solve problems by breaking them into smaller subproblems and storing their solutions to avoid redundant calculations.",Distractor1:"To optimize code for parallel processing.",Distractor2:"To reduce the time complexity of algorithms through loop unrolling.",Distractor3:"To balance load in distributed systems.",Explanation:"Dynamic programming is a technique used to solve problems by breaking them into smaller subproblems and storing their solutions, reducing redundant calculations and improving efficiency.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_programming"},{Question:"What is the significance of P vs. NP problem in computer science and mathematics?",Answer:"It addresses the question of whether every problem whose solution can be verified quickly can also be solved quickly.",Distractor1:"It defines the class of polynomial-time algorithms.",Distractor2:"It characterizes the complexity of sorting algorithms.",Distractor3:"It studies the relationship between parallel and distributed computing.",Explanation:"The P vs. NP problem is a fundamental question in computer science and mathematics, addressing the efficiency of solving problems and the class of problems that can be solved efficiently.",Link:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_versus_NP_problem"}],L=[{Question:"In Git, how can you stage a file that ends with a *.txt extension?",Answer:"git add *.txt",Distractor1:"git add *.text",Distractor2:"git add -a .txt",Distractor3:"git add - *.txt",Explanation:"git add is a command used to add a file that is in the working directory to the staging area. Use *.txt to add specific pattern.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-the-basics-of-git-in-under-10-minutes-da548267cc91/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you save uncommitted changes on your local machine so you can work on it later?",Answer:"git stash",Distractor1:"git copy into notepad.exe",Distractor2:"git save code",Distractor3:"git clone --for later",Explanation:"Stashes are temporary storage spaces where you can store your code. When you're done, you can put your code back from the stash using git stash pop. You won\u2019t have to worry about losing any uncommitted changes!",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-use-git-stash-as-temporary-storage-84a0a1e37a43/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you check your configuration?",Answer:"git config -l",Distractor1:"git config -check",Distractor2:"git checkconfig -l",Distractor3:"git checkconfig -m",Explanation:"The command git config -l returns a list of information about your git configuration including user name and email",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-cheat-sheet/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you integrate changes from one branch to another?",Answer:"git merge",Distractor1:"git copy into",Distractor2:"git merge --docs",Distractor3:"git clone --docs",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git merge to integrate changes from one branch to another",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, what is a modified state?",Answer:"changes have been made to the files but those changes are not saved yet",Distractor1:"a new local repository has been created",Distractor2:"a new remote repository has been created",Distractor3:"the files have been saved and need to be pushed to the remote repository",Explanation:"The modified state is when changes have been made to the files but those changes are not saved yet",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you list all the commits in a local repository in reverse chronological order?",Answer:"git log",Distractor1:"git show",Distractor2:"git ls",Distractor3:"git commits",Explanation:"You can use git log to see the commits in a repository in reverse chronological order.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-git-learn-git-version-control/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you list all the local branches in your repository?",Answer:"git branch",Distractor1:"git list",Distractor2:"git ls",Distractor3:"git branches",Explanation:"You can use git branch to list all the local branches in the repository. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-important-git-commands-that-every-developer-should-know/"},{Question:"What is the committed state in Git?",Answer:"all of the files have been saved to the local repo and are ready to be pushed to the remote repo",Distractor1:"the files need to be saved to the local repo",Distractor2:"the files have been successfully pushed to the remote repo",Distractor3:"the files have been deleted from the local repo",Explanation:"The committed state is when all of the files have been saved to the local repo and are ready to be pushed to the remote repo",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you push a local branch to a remote repository?",Answer:"git push -u ",Distractor1:"git push -u ",Distractor2:"git copy url ",Distractor3:"git pull url ",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git push -u to push a branch from a local Git repository to a remote repository.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-important-git-commands-that-every-developer-should-know/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you set your username for commits you make on all cloned repositories on your computer?",Answer:'git config --global user.name "YOUR_USERNAME"',Distractor1:'git config --global password "YOUR_USERNAME"',Distractor2:'git config &user "YOUR_USERNAME"',Distractor3:'git create --user "YOUR_USERNAME"',Explanation:'In the command line, you can use git config --global user.name "YOUR_USERNAME"',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you initialize a new Git repository?",Answer:"git init",Distractor1:"git create new repo",Distractor2:"git config init repo",Distractor3:"git new repo",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git init to initialize a new Git repository",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you add a specific file to be committed?",Answer:"git add filename",Distractor1:"git add < filename",Distractor2:"git add *filename",Distractor3:"git add %filename",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git add filename to add a specific file.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What is Git?",Answer:"A popular type of version control system ",Distractor1:"A sorting algorithm",Distractor2:"A data type",Distractor3:"A non-relational database",Explanation:"Git is an open source version control system that tracks changes to your files. ",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you create a connection between a local repository and a remote one?",Answer:"git remote add origin git-url",Distractor1:"git add remote and local",Distractor2:"git remote local",Distractor3:"git local remote",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git remote add origin git-url to connect the local repository to the remote one.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you create a new branch and switch to it?",Answer:"git checkout -b branch-name",Distractor1:"git switch branch-name",Distractor2:"git switch to branch-name",Distractor3:"git change branch-name",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git checkout -b branch-name to switch to a different branch",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you commit files to the history of changes?",Answer:'git commit -m "commit message"',Distractor1:"git commit --add message",Distractor2:"git commit < add message",Distractor3:"git add message",Explanation:'In the command line, you can use git commit -m "commit message" to commit your changes.',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you push changes from the main branch of a local Git repository to a remote repository (origin)?",Answer:"git push -u origin main",Distractor1:"git push changes",Distractor2:"git push all changes",Distractor3:"git push --to main branch",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git push -u origin main to push your changes from the main branch of a local Git repository to a remote repository.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you delete a branch from a repository?",Answer:"git branch -d ",Distractor1:"git branch ",Distractor2:"git delete ",Distractor3:"git del ",Explanation:"You can use git branch -d to delete a branch from the repository.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-important-git-commands-that-every-developer-should-know/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you add all of the files in the local Git repository?",Answer:"git add .",Distractor1:"git add all files",Distractor2:"git add --all files",Distractor3:"git add ",Distractor3:"git /version",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git --version to check which version of Git is installed on your local machine",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you pull changes made to the remote repository?",Answer:"git pull ",Distractor1:"git pull",Distractor2:"git push ",Distractor3:"git pul ",Explanation:"You can pull changes from the remote repository with git pull .",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-important-git-commands-that-every-developer-should-know/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you clone a remote repository?",Answer:"git clone",Distractor1:"git copy",Distractor2:"git copy url",Distractor3:"git clone --copy",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git clone followed by the remote url address for the repository you want to clone into your local machine",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you see the current status of the current branch?",Answer:"git status",Distractor1:"git info",Distractor2:"git show status",Distractor3:"git show",Explanation:"You can see the status of the current branch with git status in Git.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-important-git-commands-that-every-developer-should-know/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you add color to git command outputs?",Answer:"git config --global color.ui true",Distractor1:"git config --global color.ui false",Distractor2:"git set --global color.ui true",Distractor3:"git config --global true",Explanation:"You can use git config --global color.ui true to add color to Git output.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/best-git-tutorial/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you switch back to the main branch?",Answer:"git checkout main",Distractor1:"git switch main",Distractor2:"git change main",Distractor3:"git go to main",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git checkout main to switch over to the main branch",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"What is the -m flag in Git?",Answer:"Shorthand for message",Distractor1:"Shorthand for main",Distractor2:"Shorthand for mistake",Distractor3:"Shorthand for merge",Explanation:"The -m flag in Git is shorthand for message.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you set your email associated with your commits?",Answer:'git config --global user.email "YOUR_EMAIL"',Distractor1:'git config --global set email address "YOUR_EMAIL"',Distractor2:'git config --email address "YOUR_EMAIL"',Distractor3:'git create user email "YOUR_EMAIL"',Explanation:'In the command line, you can use git config --global user.email "YOUR_EMAIL" to set your email address in Git.',Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you change the text editor used to write commit messages?",Answer:"git config --global core.editor ",Distractor1:"git config email ",Distractor2:"git set editor ",Distractor3:"git config ",Explanation:"You can use git config --global core.editor to set the text editor that will be used to write commit messages and to work with Git in general.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/best-git-tutorial/"},{Question:"In Git, how can you check for the status of your working directory?",Answer:"git status",Distractor1:"git check status",Distractor2:"git share status",Distractor3:"git show status",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git status to check the current status of your working directory",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you create a new branch and switch to it?",Answer:"git checkout -b new-branch-name",Distractor1:"git create -b new-branch-name",Distractor2:"git change -b new-branch-name",Distractor3:"git create --change -b new-branch-name",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git checkout -b new-branch-name to create a new branch and switch to it",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-and-github-for-beginners/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you rename the current branch?",Answer:"git branch -m new-name",Distractor1:"git rename -b new-name",Distractor2:"git change -b new-branch-name",Distractor3:"git branch --rename new-name",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git branch -m new-name to rename the current branch.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/renaming-a-git-branch-how-to-rename-the-current-branch-in-git/"},{Question:"In Git, which command is used to list differences between your current working directory and your staging area?",Answer:"git diff",Distractor1:"git different",Distractor2:"git status",Distractor3:"git update",Explanation:"In the command line, you can use git diff to show all the differences between your current working directory and your staging area.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-diff-command/"},{Question:"In Git, what do you do right after resolving a merge conflict in a file?",Answer:"git add file_that_had_conflict",Distractor1:"git commit",Distractor2:"git status",Distractor3:"git update",Explanation:"In the command line, after resolving the conflict you will need to stage the changes.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/resolve-merge-conflicts-in-git-a-practical-guide/"},{Question:"In Git, what command is used to revert changes?",Answer:"git revert",Distractor1:"git undo",Distractor2:"git stash",Distractor3:"git update",Explanation:"In the command line, to undo unwanted changes you can run git revert with the hash of the commit you want to revert back to.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/10-important-git-commands-that-every-developer-should-know/"},{Question:"In Git, which command is used to reset a branch to a previous commit?",Answer:"git reset",Distractor1:"git revert",Distractor2:"git rebase",Distractor3:"git reflog",Explanation:"The git reset command is used to reset your current HEAD to a specified state.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-ultimate-guide-to-git-reset-and-git-revert/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you see your commit history including changes in files?",Answer:"git log -p",Distractor1:"git log --show",Distractor2:"git log -c",Distractor3:"git log",Explanation:"The git log -p command shows the commit's history including all files and their changes.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-cheat-sheet/"},{Question:"In Git, which command is used to list all of the remote branches that Git is tracking?",Answer:"git branch -r",Distractor1:"git branch --show -r",Distractor2:"git -b -d",Distractor3:"git branch",Explanation:"The git branch -r command shows the name of all remote branches that Git is tracking for the current repository.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-cheat-sheet/"},{Question:"In Git, which command is used to choose a commit from one branch and apply it to another?",Answer:"git cherry-pick ",Distractor1:"git write-over ",Distractor2:"git goto ",Distractor3:"git merge ",Explanation:"git cherry-pick selects a handpicked commit from one branch and applies it to another branch.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-git-cherry-pick-command/"},{Question:"In Git, what is the correct syntax for the git tag command?",Answer:"git tag ",Distractor1:"git add-tag ",Distractor2:"git tag-add ",Distractor3:"git tag-on ",Explanation:"git tags point to a specific part in the Git history and are often used to mark specific version releases in the code.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-tag-explained-how-to-add-remove/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you do a force push?",Answer:"git push -f",Distractor1:"git push -u",Distractor2:"git push",Distractor3:"git add fil*",Explanation:"The git push -f command will force a push request. This is usually fine for pull request branches because nobody else should have cloned them.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-cheat-sheet/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you list multiple stashes?",Answer:"git stash list",Distractor1:"git list",Distractor2:"git apply stash",Distractor3:"git pull",Explanation:"To list multiple stashes that you have created you run git stash list.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-stash"},{Question:"How does Git know that changes have been made to a file?",Answer:"Everything is checksummed before it is stored and is referred to by that checksum",Distractor1:"Git takes snapshots of the changes",Distractor2:"Nearly every operation is local",Distractor3:"Git is a Distributed Version Control System",Explanation:"Git has integrity because everything in git is checksummed using SHA-1 mechanism.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-What-is-Git%3F#"},{Question:"What is the difference between Git and GitHub?",Answer:"Git is a popular version control system and GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories.",Distractor1:"GitHub is a type of version control system, while Git is a hosting service for Git repositories.",Distractor2:"Git and GitHub are the same thing",Distractor3:"Git is a version control system only used on Mac computers while GitHub is a version control system only used on Windows.",Explanation:"Git is a version control system for managing the source and history of code and GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/introduction-to-git-and-github/"},{Question:"In Git, how do you apply a stash if you have multiple?",Answer:"git stash pop stash@{x}",Distractor1:"git stash pop",Distractor2:"git stash apply",Distractor3:"git commit",Explanation:"To apply a stash when you have multiple stashes, you use git stash pop stash@{x} where x is the number in the list of stash.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-stash"},{Question:"In Git, how do you see a summary for a single stash?",Answer:"git stash show",Distractor1:"git stash view",Distractor2:"git stash diff",Distractor3:"git stash summary",Explanation:"To view a summary for a single stash, you use git stash show which shows a summary of file changes.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-stash"},{Question:"In Git, how do you create a branch from your stash?",Answer:"git stash branch branch_name stash@{x}",Distractor1:"git checkout -b branch_name stash",Distractor2:"git -b branch_name stash@{x}",Distractor3:"git branch_name stash@{x}",Explanation:"To create a branch from a stash, you use git stash branch the_branch_name stash@{x} where x is the number in the list of stash.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-stash"},{Question:"In Git, how do you delete all the stashes?",Answer:"git stash clear",Distractor1:"git stash delete",Distractor2:"git stash remove",Distractor3:"git stash drop",Explanation:"To remove all stashes, you use git stash clear which will delete ALL stashes.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-stash"},{Question:"In Git, how do you delete a single stash?",Answer:"git stash drop stash@{x}",Distractor1:"git stash delete stash@{x}",Distractor2:"git stash remove stash@{x}",Distractor3:"git drop stash@{x}",Explanation:"To delete a SINGLE stash, you use git stash drop stash@{x} where x is the number in the list of stash.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-stash"},{Question:"How do you change the latest commit message in Git?",Answer:"git commit --amend",Distractor1:"git checkout -b change",Distractor2:"git rebase -i Head~4",Distractor3:"git drop stash@{change}",Explanation:"git commit --amend is the command used to change the latest commit message.",Link:"https://forum.freecodecamp.org/t/git-guide-how-to-amend-your-most-recent-git-commit-message/13186"},{Question:"Which one of the following is the default text editor in Git Bash?",Answer:"Vim",Distractor1:"Emacs",Distractor2:"Nano",Distractor3:"VS Code",Explanation:"Vim stands for Vi Improved and it is terminal based text editor used among Linux users. You can open the editor by using the following command: vi fileName",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-vim-beginners-tutorial/"},{Question:"How do you unstage a staged file in git?",Answer:"git restore --staged ",Distractor1:"git unstage ",Distractor2:"git restore ",Distractor3:"git restore --staged ",Explanation:"git restore --staged command is used to unstage a staged file in git.",Link:"https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/commands/git-restore"},{Question:"In Git, which command logs the previous commits in single line form?",Answer:"git log --oneline",Distractor1:"git log singleline",Distractor2:"git single log",Distractor3:"git log -1",Explanation:"git log --oneline is the command used to log the previous commits in single line form.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/git-cheat-sheet/"},{Question:"In Git, what does a good commit message look like?",Answer:"It should be short, descriptive and in present tense",Distractor1:"It should be long",Distractor2:"It should be in one word",Distractor3:"None of these",Explanation:"A good commit message should be short, descriptive and in present tense.",Link:"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-write-better-git-commit-messages/"},{Question:"In Git, what is the shorthand command to stage and commit all changes?",Answer:"git commit -am ''",Distractor1:"git add -m 'commit message'",Distractor2:"git commit all 'commit message'",Distractor3:"git add commit -m 'commit message'",Explanation:"git commit -am '' is used to stage and commit all changes in the current directory and its subdirectories.",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit"},{Question:"Which git command allows you to download objects and refs from another repository without committing to the main branch?",Answer:"git fetch ",Distractor1:"git pull ",Distractor2:"git push ",Distractor3:"git clone ",Explanation:"git fetch is used to download objects and refs without committing to the main branch that you are working on",Link:"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-fetch"}],A=[{Question:"In HTML, which of the following is the correct way for showing how to import an external script?",Answer:"\",\n Distractor1: \"\",\n Distractor2: \"\",\n Distractor3: \"\",\n Explanation:\n \"If you want to show how to import an external script using the script element, then you will need to use the following syntax: \",\n Link: \"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/script\"\n },\n {\n Question: \"In HTML, which tag is used to insert a favicon?\",\n Answer: \"\",\n Distractor1: \"\",\n Distractor2: \"\",\n Distractor3: \"\",\n Explanation: \"The link tag is used to add a favicon to a website.\",\n Link: \"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/link\"\n },\n {\n Question:\n \"Which of the following is the correct way of creating an anchor element in HTML?\",\n Answer: \" freeCodeCamp \",\n Distractor1: \"www.freecodecamp.org \",\n Distractor2: \"\",\n Distractor3: \" \",\n Explanation:\n \"In HTML, an anchor element is used to create links on a a web page. Here is the correct syntax: freeCodeCamp \",\n Link: \"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-html-a-tag-anchor-tag-example-code/\"\n },\n {\n Question: \"What is meant by an empty tag in HTML?\",\n Answer: \"An empty tag doesn't require a closing tag\",\n Distractor1: \"There is no such concept of empty tag in HTML\",\n Distractor2: \"An empty tag cannot having any content within it\",\n Distractor3: \"None of these\",\n Explanation:\n \"In HTML, empty tags are those tags that don't require a closing tag.\",\n Link: \"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/empty-and-blank-53b9e96151cd/\"\n },\n {\n Question:\n \"Which HTML element is used to link to a 3rd party JavaScript library and make it available on your page?\",\n Answer: \"\",\n Distractor1: \"\",\n Distractor2: \"\",\n Distractor3: \"\",\n Explanation:\n \"If you want to show how to import an external script using the script element, then you will need to use the following syntax: \",\n Link: \"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/script\"\n },\n {\n Question: \"In HTML, which tag is used to insert a favicon?\",\n Answer: \"\",\n Distractor1: \"\",\n Distractor2: \"\",\n Distractor3: \"\",\n Explanation: \"The link tag is used to add a favicon to a website.\",\n Link: \"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/link\"\n },\n {\n Question:\n \"Which of the following is the correct way of creating an anchor element in HTML?\",\n Answer: \" freeCodeCamp \",\n Distractor1: \"www.freecodecamp.org \",\n Distractor2: \"\",\n Distractor3: \" \",\n Explanation:\n \"In HTML, an anchor element is used to create links on a a web page. Here is the correct syntax: freeCodeCamp \",\n Link: \"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-html-a-tag-anchor-tag-example-code/\"\n },\n {\n Question: \"What is meant by an empty tag in HTML?\",\n Answer: \"An empty tag doesn't require a closing tag\",\n Distractor1: \"There is no such concept of empty tag in HTML\",\n Distractor2: \"An empty tag cannot having any content within it\",\n Distractor3: \"None of these\",\n Explanation:\n \"In HTML, empty tags are those tags that don't require a closing tag.\",\n Link: \"https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/empty-and-blank-53b9e96151cd/\"\n },\n {\n Question:\n \"Which HTML element is used to link to a 3rd party JavaScript library and make it available on your page?\",\n Answer: \"