Service account 是为了方便 Pod 里面的进程调用 Kubernetes API 或其他外部服务而设计的。它与 User account 不同
- User account 是为人设计的,而 service account 则是为 Pod 中的进程调用 Kubernetes API 而设计;
- User account 是跨 namespace 的,而 service account 则是仅局限它所在的 namespace;
- 每个 namespace 都会自动创建一个 default service account
- Token controller 检测 service account 的创建,并为它们创建 secret
- 开启 ServiceAccount Admission Controller 后
- 每个 Pod 在创建后都会自动设置
spec.serviceAccountName
为 default(除非指定了其他 ServiceAccout) - 验证 Pod 引用的 service account 已经存在,否则拒绝创建
- 如果 Pod 没有指定 ImagePullSecrets,则把 service account 的 ImagePullSecrets 加到 Pod 中
- 每个 container 启动后都会挂载该 service account 的 token 和
ca.crt
到/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/
- 每个 Pod 在创建后都会自动设置
注意: 从 v1.24.0 开始,ServiceAccount 不再自动生成 Secret。如果你还想要自动生成 Secret,那么可以给 kube-controller-manager 配置特性
LegacyServiceAccountTokenNoAutoGeneration=false
。
$ kubectl exec nginx-3137573019-md1u2 ls /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
ca.crt
namespace
token
注:你可以使用 https://jwt.io/ 来查看 token 的详细信息(如 PAYLOAD、SIGNATURE 等)。
$ kubectl create serviceaccount jenkins
serviceaccount "jenkins" created
$ kubectl get serviceaccounts jenkins -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
creationTimestamp: 2017-05-27T14:32:25Z
name: jenkins
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "45559"
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/serviceaccounts/jenkins
uid: 4d66eb4c-42e9-11e7-9860-ee7d8982865f
secrets:
- name: jenkins-token-l9v7v
自动创建的 secret:
kubectl get secret jenkins-token-l9v7v -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
ca.crt: (APISERVER CA BASE64 ENCODED)
namespace: ZGVmYXVsdA==
token: (BEARER TOKEN BASE64 ENCODED)
kind: Secret
metadata:
annotations:
kubernetes.io/service-account.name: jenkins
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 4d66eb4c-42e9-11e7-9860-ee7d8982865f
creationTimestamp: 2017-05-27T14:32:25Z
name: jenkins-token-l9v7v
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "45558"
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/secrets/jenkins-token-l9v7v
uid: 4d697992-42e9-11e7-9860-ee7d8982865f
type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
creationTimestamp: 2015-08-07T22:02:39Z
name: default
namespace: default
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/serviceaccounts/default
uid: 052fb0f4-3d50-11e5-b066-42010af0d7b6
secrets:
- name: default-token-uudge
imagePullSecrets:
- name: myregistrykey
Service Account 为服务提供了一种方便的认证机制,但它不关心授权的问题。可以配合 RBAC 来为 Service Account 鉴权:
- 配置
--authorization-mode=RBAC
和--runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1
- 配置
--authorization-rbac-super-user=admin
- 定义 Role、ClusterRole、RoleBinding 或 ClusterRoleBinding
比如
# This role allows to read pods in the namespace "default"
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
namespace: default
name: pod-reader
rules:
- apiGroups: [""] # The API group"" indicates the core API Group.
resources: ["pods"]
verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"]
nonResourceURLs: []
---
# This role binding allows "default" to read pods in the namespace "default"
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1
metadata:
name: read-pods
namespace: default
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount # May be "User", "Group" or "ServiceAccount"
name: default
roleRef:
kind: Role
name: pod-reader
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io