Automate testing Kibana Supported Platforms

[LeeDr]

Describe the feature: The Kibana repo should have tests that verify that Kibana installs and starts on all supported platforms (thus determining what we say we support).
Kibana is the only major Elastic product not represented in https://www.elastic.co/support/matrix

I believe all the other products have the supported platforms tests in their repos (but probably not running on every PR commit). If it's quick enough, the advantage of having it on every PR commit is that we know if a change would break a supported platform before it's merged.

cc: @liza-mae

[epixa]

The way the other products deal with this is to ensure they have jenkins agents for reach OS, and then they rely on the round robin periodic jobs over the course of a couple days to make sure all changes run on all agents.

[kobelb]

Related to #21315

[LeeDr]

I think this is a duplicate of #21315 at this point. Closing.