diff --git a/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/public/app/components/data_usage_metrics.tsx b/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/public/app/components/data_usage_metrics.tsx
index 829b198e59ab3..35ff42decef0e 100644
--- a/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/public/app/components/data_usage_metrics.tsx
+++ b/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/public/app/components/data_usage_metrics.tsx
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export const DataUsageMetrics = memo(
       if (!metricTypesFromUrl && isFirstPageLoad) {
         setUrlMetricTypesFilter(metricsFilters.metricTypes.join(','));
       }
-      if (!dataStreamsFromUrl && dataStreams && isFirstPageLoad) {
+      if (!dataStreamsFromUrl && !!dataStreams && dataStreams.length > 0 && isFirstPageLoad) {
         const hasMoreThan50 = dataStreams.length > 50;
         const _dataStreams = hasMoreThan50 ? dataStreams.slice(0, 50) : dataStreams;
         setUrlDataStreamsFilter(_dataStreams.map((ds) => ds.name).join(','));
diff --git a/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams.test.ts b/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams.test.ts
index 9316a64328c9b..e7166baea59d3 100644
--- a/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams.test.ts
+++ b/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams.test.ts
@@ -233,14 +233,18 @@ describe('registerDataStreamsRoute', () => {
 
     // @ts-expect-error
     if (stats && stats.datastreams && stats.datastreams.length) {
-      expect(mockResponse.ok).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-      expect(mockResponse.ok.mock.calls[0][0]).toEqual({
-        body: res,
+      expect(mockResponse.customError).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(mockResponse.customError).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        body: new CustomHttpRequestError(
+          'No relevant user defined data streams found with storage size greater than zero',
+          404
+        ),
+        statusCode: 404,
       });
     } else {
       expect(mockResponse.customError).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
       expect(mockResponse.customError).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
-        body: new CustomHttpRequestError('No user defined data streams found', 404),
+        body: new CustomHttpRequestError('No data streams found', 404),
         statusCode: 404,
       });
     }
diff --git a/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams_handler.ts b/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams_handler.ts
index 0f472ca98065e..ccda00a9478dd 100644
--- a/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams_handler.ts
+++ b/x-pack/platform/plugins/private/data_usage/server/routes/internal/data_streams_handler.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,15 @@ export const getDataStreamsHandler = (
         core.elasticsearch.client.asSecondaryAuthUser
       );
 
-      const nonSystemDataStreams = meteringStatsDataStreams?.filter((dataStream) => {
+      if (!meteringStatsDataStreams || !meteringStatsDataStreams.length) {
+        return errorHandler(
+          logger,
+          response,
+          new CustomHttpRequestError('No data streams found', 404)
+        );
+      }
+
+      const nonSystemDataStreams = meteringStatsDataStreams.filter((dataStream) => {
         return !dataStream.name?.startsWith('.');
       });
 
@@ -55,6 +63,17 @@ export const getDataStreamsHandler = (
         }, [])
         .sort((a, b) => b.storageSizeBytes - a.storageSizeBytes);
 
+      if (!body || !body.length) {
+        return errorHandler(
+          logger,
+          response,
+          new CustomHttpRequestError(
+            'No relevant user defined data streams found with storage size greater than zero',
+            404
+          )
+        );
+      }
+
       return response.ok({
         body,
       });
diff --git a/x-pack/test_serverless/api_integration/test_suites/common/data_usage/tests/data_streams.ts b/x-pack/test_serverless/api_integration/test_suites/common/data_usage/tests/data_streams.ts
index b4dd8d51c331a..e591d23b125e4 100644
--- a/x-pack/test_serverless/api_integration/test_suites/common/data_usage/tests/data_streams.ts
+++ b/x-pack/test_serverless/api_integration/test_suites/common/data_usage/tests/data_streams.ts
@@ -54,10 +54,7 @@ export default function ({ getService }: FtrProviderContext) {
       const res = await supertestAdminWithCookieCredentials
         .get(DATA_USAGE_DATA_STREAMS_API_ROUTE)
         .set('elastic-api-version', '1');
-      const dataStreams: DataStreamsResponseBodySchemaBody = res.body;
-      const foundStream = dataStreams.find((stream) => stream.name === testDataStreamName);
-      expect(res.statusCode).to.be(200);
-      expect(foundStream).to.be(undefined);
+      expect(res.statusCode).to.be(404);
     });
   });
 }