diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/integration_tests/task_manager_capacity_based_claiming.test.ts b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/integration_tests/task_manager_capacity_based_claiming.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..ab2a397f60f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/integration_tests/task_manager_capacity_based_claiming.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
+ * 2.0; you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License
+ * 2.0.
+ */
+
+import { v4 as uuidV4 } from 'uuid';
+import type { TestElasticsearchUtils, TestKibanaUtils } from '@kbn/core-test-helpers-kbn-server';
+import { schema } from '@kbn/config-schema';
+import { times } from 'lodash';
+import { TaskCost, TaskStatus } from '../task';
+import type { TaskClaimingOpts } from '../queries/task_claiming';
+import { TaskManagerPlugin, type TaskManagerStartContract } from '../plugin';
+import { injectTask, setupTestServers, retry } from './lib';
+import { CreateMonitoringStatsOpts } from '../monitoring';
+import { filter, map } from 'rxjs';
+import { isTaskManagerWorkerUtilizationStatEvent } from '../task_events';
+import { TaskLifecycleEvent } from '../polling_lifecycle';
+import { Ok } from '../lib/result_type';
+
+const POLLING_INTERVAL = 5000;
+const { TaskPollingLifecycle: TaskPollingLifecycleMock } = jest.requireMock('../polling_lifecycle');
+jest.mock('../polling_lifecycle', () => {
+  const actual = jest.requireActual('../polling_lifecycle');
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    TaskPollingLifecycle: jest.fn().mockImplementation((opts) => {
+      return new actual.TaskPollingLifecycle(opts);
+    }),
+  };
+});
+
+const { createMonitoringStats: createMonitoringStatsMock } = jest.requireMock('../monitoring');
+jest.mock('../monitoring', () => {
+  const actual = jest.requireActual('../monitoring');
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    createMonitoringStats: jest.fn().mockImplementation((opts) => {
+      return new actual.createMonitoringStats(opts);
+    }),
+  };
+});
+
+const mockTaskTypeNormalCostRunFn = jest.fn();
+const mockCreateTaskRunnerNormalCost = jest.fn();
+const mockTaskTypeNormalCost = {
+  title: 'Normal cost task',
+  description: '',
+  cost: TaskCost.Normal,
+  stateSchemaByVersion: {
+    1: {
+      up: (state: Record<string, unknown>) => ({ foo: state.foo || '' }),
+      schema: schema.object({
+        foo: schema.string(),
+      }),
+    },
+  },
+  createTaskRunner: mockCreateTaskRunnerNormalCost.mockImplementation(() => ({
+    run: mockTaskTypeNormalCostRunFn,
+  })),
+};
+const mockTaskTypeXLCostRunFn = jest.fn();
+const mockCreateTaskRunnerXLCost = jest.fn();
+const mockTaskTypeXLCost = {
+  title: 'XL cost task',
+  description: '',
+  cost: TaskCost.ExtraLarge,
+  stateSchemaByVersion: {
+    1: {
+      up: (state: Record<string, unknown>) => ({ foo: state.foo || '' }),
+      schema: schema.object({
+        foo: schema.string(),
+      }),
+    },
+  },
+  createTaskRunner: mockCreateTaskRunnerXLCost.mockImplementation(() => ({
+    run: mockTaskTypeXLCostRunFn,
+  })),
+};
+jest.mock('../queries/task_claiming', () => {
+  const actual = jest.requireActual('../queries/task_claiming');
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    TaskClaiming: jest.fn().mockImplementation((opts: TaskClaimingOpts) => {
+      opts.definitions.registerTaskDefinitions({
+        _normalCostType: mockTaskTypeNormalCost,
+        _xlCostType: mockTaskTypeXLCost,
+      });
+      return new actual.TaskClaiming(opts);
+    }),
+  };
+});
+
+const taskManagerStartSpy = jest.spyOn(TaskManagerPlugin.prototype, 'start');
+
+describe('capacity based claiming', () => {
+  const taskIdsToRemove: string[] = [];
+  let esServer: TestElasticsearchUtils;
+  let kibanaServer: TestKibanaUtils;
+  let taskManagerPlugin: TaskManagerStartContract;
+  let createMonitoringStatsOpts: CreateMonitoringStatsOpts;
+
+  beforeAll(async () => {
+    const setupResult = await setupTestServers({
+      xpack: {
+        task_manager: {
+          claim_strategy: `mget`,
+          capacity: 10,
+          poll_interval: POLLING_INTERVAL,
+          unsafe: {
+            exclude_task_types: ['[A-Za-z]*'],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+    esServer = setupResult.esServer;
+    kibanaServer = setupResult.kibanaServer;
+
+    expect(taskManagerStartSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    taskManagerPlugin = taskManagerStartSpy.mock.results[0].value;
+
+    expect(TaskPollingLifecycleMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    expect(createMonitoringStatsMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    createMonitoringStatsOpts = createMonitoringStatsMock.mock.calls[0][0];
+  });
+
+  afterAll(async () => {
+    if (kibanaServer) {
+      await kibanaServer.stop();
+    }
+    if (esServer) {
+      await esServer.stop();
+    }
+  });
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    while (taskIdsToRemove.length > 0) {
+      const id = taskIdsToRemove.pop();
+      await taskManagerPlugin.removeIfExists(id!);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('should claim tasks to full capacity', async () => {
+    const backgroundTaskLoads: number[] = [];
+    createMonitoringStatsOpts.taskPollingLifecycle?.events
+      .pipe(
+        filter(isTaskManagerWorkerUtilizationStatEvent),
+        map<TaskLifecycleEvent, number>((taskEvent: TaskLifecycleEvent) => {
+          return (taskEvent.event as unknown as Ok<number>).value;
+        })
+      )
+      .subscribe((load: number) => {
+        backgroundTaskLoads.push(load);
+      });
+    const taskRunAtDates: Date[] = [];
+    mockTaskTypeNormalCostRunFn.mockImplementation(() => {
+      taskRunAtDates.push(new Date());
+      return { state: { foo: 'test' } };
+    });
+
+    // inject 10 normal cost tasks with the same runAt value
+    const ids: string[] = [];
+    times(10, () => ids.push(uuidV4()));
+
+    const runAt = new Date();
+    for (const id of ids) {
+      await injectTask(kibanaServer.coreStart.elasticsearch.client.asInternalUser, {
+        id,
+        taskType: '_normalCostType',
+        params: {},
+        state: { foo: 'test' },
+        stateVersion: 1,
+        runAt,
+        enabled: true,
+        scheduledAt: new Date(),
+        attempts: 0,
+        status: TaskStatus.Idle,
+        startedAt: null,
+        retryAt: null,
+        ownerId: null,
+      });
+      taskIdsToRemove.push(id);
+    }
+
+    await retry(async () => {
+      expect(mockTaskTypeNormalCostRunFn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(10);
+    });
+
+    expect(taskRunAtDates.length).toBe(10);
+
+    // run at dates should be within a few seconds of each other
+    const firstRunAt = taskRunAtDates[0].getTime();
+    const lastRunAt = taskRunAtDates[taskRunAtDates.length - 1].getTime();
+
+    expect(lastRunAt - firstRunAt).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1000);
+
+    // background task load should be 0 or 100 since we're only running these tasks
+    for (const load of backgroundTaskLoads) {
+      expect(load === 0 || load === 100).toBe(true);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('should claim tasks until the next task will exceed capacity', async () => {
+    const backgroundTaskLoads: number[] = [];
+    createMonitoringStatsOpts.taskPollingLifecycle?.events
+      .pipe(
+        filter(isTaskManagerWorkerUtilizationStatEvent),
+        map<TaskLifecycleEvent, number>((taskEvent: TaskLifecycleEvent) => {
+          return (taskEvent.event as unknown as Ok<number>).value;
+        })
+      )
+      .subscribe((load: number) => {
+        backgroundTaskLoads.push(load);
+      });
+    const now = new Date();
+    const taskRunAtDates: Array<{ runAt: Date; type: string }> = [];
+    mockTaskTypeNormalCostRunFn.mockImplementation(() => {
+      taskRunAtDates.push({ type: 'normal', runAt: new Date() });
+      return { state: { foo: 'test' } };
+    });
+    mockTaskTypeXLCostRunFn.mockImplementation(() => {
+      taskRunAtDates.push({ type: 'xl', runAt: new Date() });
+      return { state: { foo: 'test' } };
+    });
+
+    // inject 6 normal cost tasks for total cost of 12
+    const ids: string[] = [];
+    times(6, () => ids.push(uuidV4()));
+    const runAt1 = new Date(now.valueOf() - 5);
+    for (const id of ids) {
+      await injectTask(kibanaServer.coreStart.elasticsearch.client.asInternalUser, {
+        id,
+        taskType: '_normalCostType',
+        params: {},
+        state: { foo: 'test' },
+        stateVersion: 1,
+        runAt: runAt1,
+        enabled: true,
+        scheduledAt: new Date(),
+        attempts: 0,
+        status: TaskStatus.Idle,
+        startedAt: null,
+        retryAt: null,
+        ownerId: null,
+      });
+      taskIdsToRemove.push(id);
+    }
+
+    // inject 1 XL cost task that will put us over the max cost capacity of 20
+    const xlid = uuidV4();
+    const runAt2 = now;
+    await injectTask(kibanaServer.coreStart.elasticsearch.client.asInternalUser, {
+      id: xlid,
+      taskType: '_xlCostType',
+      params: {},
+      state: { foo: 'test' },
+      stateVersion: 1,
+      runAt: runAt2,
+      enabled: true,
+      scheduledAt: new Date(),
+      attempts: 0,
+      status: TaskStatus.Idle,
+      startedAt: null,
+      retryAt: null,
+      ownerId: null,
+    });
+    taskIdsToRemove.push(xlid);
+
+    // inject one more normal cost task
+    const runAt3 = new Date(now.valueOf() + 5);
+    const lastid = uuidV4();
+    await injectTask(kibanaServer.coreStart.elasticsearch.client.asInternalUser, {
+      id: lastid,
+      taskType: '_normalCostType',
+      params: {},
+      state: { foo: 'test' },
+      stateVersion: 1,
+      runAt: runAt3,
+      enabled: true,
+      scheduledAt: new Date(),
+      attempts: 0,
+      status: TaskStatus.Idle,
+      startedAt: null,
+      retryAt: null,
+      ownerId: null,
+    });
+    taskIdsToRemove.push(lastid);
+
+    // retry until all tasks have been run
+    await retry(async () => {
+      expect(mockTaskTypeNormalCostRunFn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(7);
+      expect(mockTaskTypeXLCostRunFn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    expect(taskRunAtDates.length).toBe(8);
+
+    const firstRunAt = taskRunAtDates[0].runAt.getTime();
+
+    // the first 6 tasks should have been run at the same time (adding some fudge factor)
+    // and they should all be normal cost tasks
+    for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+      expect(taskRunAtDates[i].type).toBe('normal');
+      expect(taskRunAtDates[i].runAt.getTime() - firstRunAt).toBeLessThanOrEqual(500);
+    }
+
+    // the next task should be XL cost task and be run after one polling interval has passed (with some fudge factor)
+    expect(taskRunAtDates[6].type).toBe('xl');
+    expect(taskRunAtDates[6].runAt.getTime() - firstRunAt).toBeGreaterThan(POLLING_INTERVAL - 500);
+
+    // last task should be normal cost and be run after one polling interval has passed
+    expect(taskRunAtDates[7].type).toBe('normal');
+    expect(taskRunAtDates[7].runAt.getTime() - firstRunAt).toBeGreaterThan(POLLING_INTERVAL - 500);
+
+    // background task load should be 0 or 60 or 100 since we're only running these tasks
+    // should be 100 during the claim cycle where we claimed 6 normal tasks but left the large capacity task in the queue
+    // should be 60 during the next claim cycle where we claimed the large capacity task and the normal capacity: 10 + 2 / 20 = 60%
+    for (const load of backgroundTaskLoads) {
+      expect(load === 0 || load === 60 || load === 100).toBe(true);
+    }
+  });
+});
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.test.ts b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.test.ts
index d4501a0a021ff..72ab2f9a695e8 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.test.ts
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * 2.0.
  */
 
-import { getTaskClaimer } from '.';
+import { getTaskClaimer, isTaskTypeExcluded } from '.';
 import { mockLogger } from '../test_utils';
 import { claimAvailableTasksUpdateByQuery } from './strategy_update_by_query';
 import { claimAvailableTasksMget } from './strategy_mget';
@@ -37,3 +37,15 @@ describe('task_claimers/index', () => {
     });
   });
 });
+
+describe('isTaskTypeExcluded', () => {
+  test('returns false when task type is not in the excluded list', () => {
+    expect(isTaskTypeExcluded(['otherTaskType'], 'taskType')).toBe(false);
+    expect(isTaskTypeExcluded(['otherTaskType*'], 'taskType')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  test('returns true when task type is in the excluded list', () => {
+    expect(isTaskTypeExcluded(['taskType'], 'taskType')).toBe(true);
+    expect(isTaskTypeExcluded(['task*'], 'taskType')).toBe(true);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.ts b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.ts
index 2b7e48c85f167..ff4f9f6131120 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.ts
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/index.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 import { Subject, Observable } from 'rxjs';
 import { Logger } from '@kbn/core/server';
 
+import minimatch from 'minimatch';
 import { TaskStore } from '../task_store';
 import { TaskClaim, TaskTiming } from '../task_events';
 import { TaskTypeDictionary } from '../task_type_dictionary';
@@ -72,3 +73,13 @@ export function getEmptyClaimOwnershipResult(): ClaimOwnershipResult {
     docs: [],
   };
 }
+
+export function isTaskTypeExcluded(excludedTaskTypePatterns: string[], taskType: string) {
+  for (const excludedTypePattern of excludedTaskTypePatterns) {
+    if (minimatch(taskType, excludedTypePattern)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_mget.ts b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_mget.ts
index 7962fdd2b6f8a..b2751803e8dc3 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_mget.ts
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_mget.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,12 @@ import apm from 'elastic-apm-node';
 import { Subject, Observable } from 'rxjs';
 
 import { TaskTypeDictionary } from '../task_type_dictionary';
-import { TaskClaimerOpts, ClaimOwnershipResult, getEmptyClaimOwnershipResult } from '.';
+import {
+  TaskClaimerOpts,
+  ClaimOwnershipResult,
+  getEmptyClaimOwnershipResult,
+  isTaskTypeExcluded,
+} from '.';
 import { ConcreteTaskInstance, TaskStatus, ConcreteTaskInstanceVersion, TaskCost } from '../task';
 import { TASK_MANAGER_TRANSACTION_TYPE } from '../task_running';
 import {
@@ -50,7 +55,7 @@ interface OwnershipClaimingOpts {
   size: number;
   taskTypes: Set<string>;
   removedTypes: Set<string>;
-  excludedTypes: Set<string>;
+  excludedTaskTypes: string[];
   taskStore: TaskStore;
   events$: Subject<TaskClaim>;
   definitions: TaskTypeDictionary;
@@ -103,13 +108,12 @@ async function claimAvailableTasks(opts: TaskClaimerOpts): Promise<ClaimOwnershi
   const stopTaskTimer = startTaskTimer();
 
   const removedTypes = new Set(unusedTypes); // REMOVED_TYPES
-  const excludedTypes = new Set(excludedTaskTypes); // excluded via config
 
   // get a list of candidate tasks to claim, with their version info
   const { docs, versionMap } = await searchAvailableTasks({
     definitions,
     taskTypes: new Set(definitions.getAllTypes()),
-    excludedTypes,
+    excludedTaskTypes,
     removedTypes,
     taskStore,
     events$,
@@ -317,14 +321,14 @@ async function searchAvailableTasks({
   definitions,
   taskTypes,
   removedTypes,
-  excludedTypes,
+  excludedTaskTypes,
   taskStore,
   size,
   taskPartitioner,
 }: OwnershipClaimingOpts): Promise<SearchAvailableTasksResponse> {
   const searchedTypes = Array.from(taskTypes)
     .concat(Array.from(removedTypes))
-    .filter((type) => !excludedTypes.has(type));
+    .filter((type) => !isTaskTypeExcluded(excludedTaskTypes, type));
   const queryForScheduledTasks = mustBeAllOf(
     // Task must be enabled
     EnabledTask,
diff --git a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_update_by_query.ts b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_update_by_query.ts
index 1cb9d8942a55a..807ee8ca4397f 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_update_by_query.ts
+++ b/x-pack/plugins/task_manager/server/task_claimers/strategy_update_by_query.ts
@@ -9,14 +9,18 @@
  * This module contains helpers for managing the task manager storage layer.
  */
 import apm from 'elastic-apm-node';
-import minimatch from 'minimatch';
 import { Subject, Observable, from, of } from 'rxjs';
 import { mergeScan } from 'rxjs';
 import { groupBy, pick } from 'lodash';
 
 import { asOk } from '../lib/result_type';
 import { TaskTypeDictionary } from '../task_type_dictionary';
-import { TaskClaimerOpts, ClaimOwnershipResult, getEmptyClaimOwnershipResult } from '.';
+import {
+  TaskClaimerOpts,
+  ClaimOwnershipResult,
+  getEmptyClaimOwnershipResult,
+  isTaskTypeExcluded,
+} from '.';
 import { ConcreteTaskInstance } from '../task';
 import { TASK_MANAGER_TRANSACTION_TYPE } from '../task_running';
 import { isLimited, TASK_MANAGER_MARK_AS_CLAIMED } from '../queries/task_claiming';
@@ -132,16 +136,6 @@ function emitEvents(events$: Subject<TaskClaim>, events: TaskClaim[]) {
   events.forEach((event) => events$.next(event));
 }
 
-function isTaskTypeExcluded(excludedTaskTypes: string[], taskType: string) {
-  for (const excludedType of excludedTaskTypes) {
-    if (minimatch(taskType, excludedType)) {
-      return true;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return false;
-}
-
 async function markAvailableTasksAsClaimed({
   definitions,
   excludedTaskTypes,