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Python PDP with Partitioner

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Installation

You need to either create an environment or update an existing environment. After creating an environment you have to activate it:

conda activate pyPDPPartitioner

Create environment

conda env create -f environment.yml

Update environment (if env exists)

conda env update -f environment.yml --prune

Installation via pip

pip install pyPDPPartitioner

For HPO-Bench examples, you further need to install HPOBench from git (e.g. pip install git+https://github.com/automl/HPOBench.git@master).

Usage

Blackbox functions

To use this package you need

  • A Blackbox function (a function that gets any input and outputs a score)
  • A Configuration Space that matches the required input of the blackbox function

There are some synthetic Blackbox-functions implemented that are ready to use:

f = StyblinskiTang.for_n_dimensions(3)  # Create 3D-StyblinskiTang function
cs = f.config_space  # A config space that is suitable for this function

Samplers

To sample points for fitting a surrogate, there are multiple samplers available:

  • RandomSampler
  • GridSampler
  • BayesianOptimizationSampler with Acquisition-Functions:
    • LowerConfidenceBound
    • (ExpectedImprovement)
    • (ProbabilityOfImprovement)
sampler = BayesianOptimizationSampler(f, cs)
sampler.sample(80)

Surrogate Models

All algorithms require a SurrogateModel, which can be fitted with SurrogateModel.fit(X, y) and yields means and variances with SurrogateModel.predict(X).

Currently, there is only a GaussianProcessSurrogate available.

surrogate = GaussianProcessSurrogate()
surrogate.fit(sampler.X, sampler.y)

Algorithms

There are some available algorithms:

  • ICE
  • PDP
  • DecisionTreePartitioner
  • RandomForestPartitioner

Each algorithm needs:

  • A SurrogateModel
  • One or many selected hyperparameter
  • samples
  • num_grid_points_per_axis

Samples can be randomly generated via

# Algorithm.from_random_points(...)
ice = ICE.from_random_points(surrogate, selected_hyperparameter="x1")

Also, all other algorithms can be built from an ICE-Instance.

pdp = PDP.from_ICE(ice)
dt_partitioner = DecisionTreePartitioner.from_ICE(ice)
rf_partitioner = RandomForestPartitioner.from_ICE(ice)

The Partitioners can split the Hyperparameterspace of not selected Hyperparameters into multiple regions. The best region can be obtained using the incumbent of the sampler.

incumbent_config = sampler.incumbent_config
dt_partitioner.partition(max_depth=3)
dt_region = dt_partitioner.get_incumbent_region(incumbent_config)

rf_partitioner.partition(max_depth=1, num_trees=10)
rf_region = rf_partitioner.get_incumbent_region(incumbent_config)

Finally, a new PDP can be obtained from the region. This PDP has the properties of a single ICE-Curve since the mean of the ICE-Curve results in a new ICE-Curve.

pdp_region = region.pdp_as_ice_curve

Plotting

Most components can create plots. These plots can be drawn on a given axis or are drawn on plt.gca() by default.

Samplers

sampler.plot()  # Plots all samples

Surrogate

surrogate.plot_means()  # Plots mean predictions of surrogate
surrogate.plot_confidences()  # Plots confidences

Acquisition Function

surrogate.acq_func.plot()  # Plot acquisition function of surrogate model

ICE

ice.plot()  # Plots all ice curves. Only possible for 1 selected hyperparameter

ICE Curve

ice_curve = ice[0]  # Get first ice curve
ice_curve.plot_values()  # Plot values of ice curve 
ice_curve.plot_confidences()  # Plot confidences of ice curve 
ice_curve.plot_incumbent()  # Plot position of smallest value

PDP

pdp.plot_values()  # Plot values of pdp
pdp.plot_confidences()  # Plot confidences of pdp 
pdp.plot_incumbent()  # Plot position of smallest value

Partitioner

dt_partitioner.plot()  # only 1 selected hp, plots all ice curves in different color per region
dt_partitioner.plot_incumbent_cs(incumbent_config)  # plot config space of best region

rf_partitioner.plot_incumbent_cs(incumbent_config)  # plot incumbent config of all trees

Regions

region.plot_values()  # plot pdp of region
region.plot_confidences()  # plot confidence of pdp in region

Plotting examples

Surrogate

Source: tests/sampler/test_acquisition_function.py

  • 1D-Surrogate model with mean + confidence
  • acquisition function

Sampler

Source: tests/sampler/test_mmd.py

  • Underlying blackbox function (2D-Styblinski-Tang)
  • Samples from RandomSampler
  • Samples from BayesianOptimizationSampler

ICE

Source: tests/algorithms/test_ice.py

  • All ICE-Curves from 2D-Styblinski-Tang with 1 selected Hyperparameter

PDP

Source: tests/algorithms/test_pdp.py

  • 2D PDP (means)
  • 2D PDP (confidences)
  • All Samples for surrogate model

PDP

Source: examples/main_2d_pdp.py (num_grid_points_per_axis=100)

  • 2D PDP (means)

Decision Tree Partitioner

Source: tests/algorithms/partitioner/test_partitioner.py

  • All ICE-Curves splitt into 8 different regions (3 splits) (used 2D-Styblinski-Tang with 1 selected hyperparameter)

Decision Tree Config Spaces

Source: tests/algorithms/partitioner/test_partitioner.py

  • All Leaf-Config spaces from Decision Tree Partitioner with 3D-Styblinski-Tang Function and 1 Selected Hyperparameter (x3)
  • 2D-Styblinkski-Tang in background