diff --git a/.changeset/old-otters-marry.md b/.changeset/old-otters-marry.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..839289156
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/old-otters-marry.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+"@react-pdf/stylesheet": major
+"@react-pdf/layout": major
+---
+
+Changed unit behavior according to PDF spec. Please note that all unitless values are considered as user unit which is a 72dpi equality of the value. This is according to PDF spec and ensures a consistent layout independent of the dpi setting.
diff --git a/packages/layout/src/page/getSize.js b/packages/layout/src/page/getSize.js
index 4fe676a2d..8e092b2aa 100644
--- a/packages/layout/src/page/getSize.js
+++ b/packages/layout/src/page/getSize.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import isLandscape from './isLandscape';
 
+// page sizes for 72dpi. 72dpi is used internally by pdfkit
 const PAGE_SIZES = {
   '4A0': [4767.87, 6740.79],
   '2A0': [3370.39, 4767.87],
@@ -54,11 +55,58 @@ const PAGE_SIZES = {
   ID1: [153, 243],
 };
 
+/**
+ * Parses scalar value in value and unit pairs
+ *
+ * @param {string} value scalar value
+ * @returns {Object} parsed value
+ */
+const parseValue = (value) => {
+  const match = /^(-?\d*\.?\d+)(in|mm|cm|pt|px)?$/g.exec(value);
+
+  return match
+    ? { value: parseFloat(match[1]), unit: match[2] || 'pt' }
+    : { value, unit: undefined };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Transform given scalar value to 72dpi equivalent of size
+ *
+ * @param {string} value styles value
+ * @param {number} inputDpi user defined dpi
+ * @returns {Object} transformed value
+ */
+const transformUnit = (value, inputDpi) => {
+  const scalar = parseValue(value);
+
+  const outputDpi = 72;
+  const mmFactor = (1 / 25.4) * outputDpi;
+  const cmFactor = (1 / 2.54) * outputDpi;
+
+  switch (scalar.unit) {
+    case 'in':
+      return scalar.value * outputDpi;
+    case 'mm':
+      return scalar.value * mmFactor;
+    case 'cm':
+      return scalar.value * cmFactor;
+    case 'px':
+      return Math.round(scalar.value * (outputDpi / inputDpi));
+    default:
+      return scalar.value;
+  }
+};
+
+const transformUnits = ({ width, height }, dpi) => ({
+  width: transformUnit(width, dpi),
+  height: transformUnit(height, dpi),
+});
+
 /**
  * Transforms array into size object
  *
- * @param {number[]} v array
- * @returns {{ width: number, height: number }} size object with width and height
+ * @param {number[] | string[]} v array
+ * @returns {{ width: number | string, height: number | string }} size object with width and height
  */
 const toSizeObject = (v) => ({ width: v[0], height: v[1] });
 
@@ -70,18 +118,6 @@ const toSizeObject = (v) => ({ width: v[0], height: v[1] });
  */
 const flipSizeObject = (v) => ({ width: v.height, height: v.width });
 
-/**
- * Adjust page size to passed DPI
- *
- * @param {{ width: number, height: number }} v size object
- * @param {number} dpi DPI
- * @returns {{ width: number, height: number }} adjusted size object
- */
-const adjustDpi = (v, dpi) => ({
-  width: v.width ? v.width * (72 / dpi) : v.width,
-  height: v.height ? v.height * (72 / dpi) : v.height,
-});
-
 /**
  * Returns size object from a given string
  *
@@ -95,10 +131,10 @@ const getStringSize = (v) => {
 /**
  * Returns size object from a single number
  *
- * @param {number} n page size number
- * @returns {{ width: number, height: number }} size object with width and height
+ * @param {number|string} n page size number
+ * @returns {{ width: number|string, height: number|string }} size object with width and height
  */
-const getNumberSize = (n) => toSizeObject([n]);
+const getNumberSize = (n) => toSizeObject([n, n]);
 
 /**
  * Return page size in an object { width, height }
@@ -116,18 +152,14 @@ const getSize = (page) => {
    * @type {{ width: number, height: number }}
    */
   let size;
-
   if (type === 'string') {
     size = getStringSize(value);
   } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-    size = toSizeObject(value);
-    size = adjustDpi(size, dpi);
+    size = transformUnits(toSizeObject(value), dpi);
   } else if (type === 'number') {
-    size = getNumberSize(value);
-    size = adjustDpi(size, dpi);
+    size = transformUnits(getNumberSize(value), dpi);
   } else {
-    size = value;
-    size = adjustDpi(size, dpi);
+    size = transformUnits(value, dpi);
   }
 
   return isLandscape(page) ? flipSizeObject(size) : size;
diff --git a/packages/layout/src/steps/resolveStyles.js b/packages/layout/src/steps/resolveStyles.js
index b94637432..1c24b3c8d 100644
--- a/packages/layout/src/steps/resolveStyles.js
+++ b/packages/layout/src/steps/resolveStyles.js
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const resolveNodeStyles = (container) => (node) => {
  * @returns {Object} document page with resolved styles
  */
 export const resolvePageStyles = (page) => {
-  const dpi = 72; // Removed: page.props?.dpi || 72;
+  const dpi = page.props?.dpi || 72;
   const width = page.box?.width || page.style.width;
   const height = page.box?.height || page.style.height;
   const orientation = page.props?.orientation || 'portrait';
diff --git a/packages/stylesheet/src/transform/units.js b/packages/stylesheet/src/transform/units.js
index 01ec54b2e..cfed663d9 100644
--- a/packages/stylesheet/src/transform/units.js
+++ b/packages/stylesheet/src/transform/units.js
@@ -22,13 +22,14 @@ const parseValue = (value) => {
 const transformUnit = (container, value) => {
   const scalar = parseValue(value);
 
-  const dpi = 72; // Removed: container.dpi || 72
-  const mmFactor = (1 / 25.4) * dpi;
-  const cmFactor = (1 / 2.54) * dpi;
+  const outputDpi = 72;
+  const inputDpi = container.dpi || 72;
+  const mmFactor = (1 / 25.4) * outputDpi;
+  const cmFactor = (1 / 2.54) * outputDpi;
 
   switch (scalar.unit) {
     case 'in':
-      return scalar.value * dpi;
+      return scalar.value * outputDpi;
     case 'mm':
       return scalar.value * mmFactor;
     case 'cm':
@@ -37,6 +38,8 @@ const transformUnit = (container, value) => {
       return scalar.value * (container.height / 100);
     case 'vw':
       return scalar.value * (container.width / 100);
+    case 'px':
+      return Math.round(scalar.value * (outputDpi / inputDpi));
     default:
       return scalar.value;
   }