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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Astra​Zeneca Plc</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<header>
<div id="header-inner">
<img src="logo-az.png" id="logo" />
</div>
</header>
<div id="hero">
<img src="cells.jpg" />
<!-- Duplicated for a nicer text shadow -->
<h1>Astra​Zeneca Plc</h1>
<span aria-hidden="true">Astra​Zeneca Plc</span>
</div>
<main>
<section class="card">
<img src="az-jab.jpg" />
<div>
<h2>AstraZeneca's origin and sector</h2>
<p>
<strong>AstraZeneca</strong> is a British-Swedish multinational
public limited company, headquartered in Cambridge, UK. It operates
in the secondary and quaternary sectors, producing pharmaceutical
products (such as the recent COVID-19 vaccinations), as well as
performing scientific research.
</p>
<p>
AstraZeneca was founded through the merger between the Swedish and
British pharmaceutical companies Astra AB and Zeneca Group. It is
currently among the world's largest pharmaceutical companies, and
has such purchased many smaller related companies, such as Cambridge
Antibody Technology, MedImmune and Spirogen.
</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="card">
<img src="stock.jpg" />
<div>
<h2>Public limited companies (PLCs)</h2>
<p>
A public limited company is an organisation that is publicly traded
on a stock exchange. On the stock exchange, people can trade shares
(very small ownership stake) of the company between each other in
exchange for money. The main benefit of a PLC is that investors are
only at risk of losing what they have invested, which is called
limited liability.
</p>
<p>
If someone owns a share in a business, they own part of that
business, and are entitled to dividends (portion of the company's
annual profits), and to the right to vote in shareholder meetings.
These shares, however, are one easy way for the PLC to generate
extra revenue, as they receive the money which the share is sold
for.
</p>
<p>
PLCs have some disadvantages, however. For example, anyone with a
majority share of the company (e.g. controls over 50% of the shares)
technically owns the company as a whole, as they can ensure that
votes are always found in their favour due to that majority. This
makes PLCs much more exposed to unexpected takeover attempts by
their rivals.
</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="card">
<img src="az-logo-building.png" />
<div>
<h2>Missions and aims</h2>
<p>
<strong>AstraZeneca</strong>'s mission is to provide pharmaceutical
products to cure debilitating conditions affecting people around the
world.
</p>
<p>
They have several departments within the larger company, including
<strong>Oncology</strong> and <strong>BioPharmaceuticals</strong>.
Oncology's mission is to provide cures for every form of cancer, and
to research the science behind cancer, as well as to develop and
deliver monumental treatments in order to save the lives globally.
</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="card">
<img src="medicines.jpg" />
<div>
<h2>Products</h2>
<p>
<strong>AstraZeneca</strong> are most well-known for their recent
participation in the fight against the Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-19 or
COVID-19). For this, they partnered with Oxford University to
produce the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccinations, which were very widely
used in the UK.
</p>
<p>
AstraZeneca have also produced a vast range of other pharmaceutical
products, relating to (in order of sales revenue): cancer treatments
($10.9bn), cardiovascular diseases ($7.1bn), and respiratory
illnesses ($5.4bn).
</p>
<p>
Their products attempt to fulfill their organisational mission, aims
and objectives, all trying to prevent life-changing illnesses via
medications and inoculations. The products are aimed towards those
in need of medical treatment, and for medical organisations such as
the National Health Service (NHS).
</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="card">
<img src="cambridge-r-and-d.jpeg" />
<div>
<h2>AstraZeneca worldwide</h2>
<p>
AstraZeneca is a global company, with its headquarters in Cambridge.
They have 93 locations across the world, with 44 locations
throughout Europe (spanning 30 countries), with 12 in the UK alone.
</p>
<p>
Across all locations, AZ have
<strong>76,100 employees as of 2020</strong>, which was a 7.8%
increase over 2019's total of 70,600. Diveristy is a big factor in
AztraZeneca's employees, with
<strong>46.9% of senior roles filled by women</strong>. 81% of
employees believe that there is effective collaboration between
teams inside AstraZeneca.
</p>
<p>
AstraZeneca benefit from this wide range of locations and high count
of employees through their ability to recruit greater numbers of
highly skilled workers in the required fields (biology and
medicine), resulting in them being more easily able to conduct their
life-saving research due to a greater range of knowledge throughout
the organisation as a whole.
</p>
</div>
</section>
<section class="key-people">
<h2>Key people</h2>
<!-- 1g -->
<ul>
<li class="person">
<img src="pascal.jpg" alt="Pascal Soriot" class="portrait" />
<div class="about">
<p class="name">Pascal Soriot</p>
<p class="role">Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer</p>
</div>
</li>
<li class="person">
<img
src="ezo.jpg"
alt="Ezogelin Oflazoglu-Gruyters"
class="portrait"
/>
<div class="about">
<p class="name">Ezogelin Oflazoglu-Gruyters</p>
<p class="role">
Vice-President, Head of External R&D and Strategic Alliances,
Oncology R&D
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li class="person">
<img src="mene.png" alt="Mene Pangalos" class="portrait" />
<div class="about">
<p class="name">Mene Pangalos</p>
<p class="role">
Executive Vice-President, BioPharmaceuticals R&D
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li class="person">
<img src="maria.jpg" alt="Maria Belvisi" class="portrait" />
<div class="about">
<p class="name">Maria Belvisi</p>
<p class="role">
Senior Vice President and Head of Research and Early
Development, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li class="person">
<img src="helen.jpg" alt="Helen Angell" class="portrait" />
<div class="about">
<p class="name">Helen Angell</p>
<p class="role">
Director, Translational Medicine, Oncology Research & Early
Development
</p>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="financials">
<h2>Financial analysis</h2>
<h3>2020 vs 2019</h3>
<p>
AstraZeneca had a much stronger financial year in 2020 compared to
other PLCs. Their total revenue (money flowing into the business) was
$26.6bn in 2020, which was an increase of approximately 10% over 2019
revenue ($24.4bn). Furthermore, their operating profits were 81%
higher, at $5.2bn compared to $2.9bn in 2019 and $3.4bn in 2018.
</p>
<p>
AstraZeneca's increased revenue and profits may be seen as a result of
the Coronavirus pandemic. However, during this, they
<em>donated</em> PPE to companies and governments, rather than selling
them. They also manufactured Oxford's Coronavirus vaccines, and sold
them to the UK, India, Sweden and some European countries, but aiming
to make zero or no profit on the sales whatsoever.
</p>
<figure>
<img src="az-financials.png" />
<figcaption>
AstraZeneca's finances in 2020, compared to 2019 and 2018. (Source:
Company Annual Report 2020)
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
In fact, AstraZeneca's main revenue growth in 2020 was from their
oncology (cancer research and treatment) department, which grew by 25%
from $8.6bn to $10.9bn. Overall, product sales increased by 10% to
$26.6bn, with 52% of this being from sales of their new
medicines<sup>1</sup>.
</p>
<h3>Footnotes</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
1 - Tagrisso, Imfinzi, Lynparza, Calquence, Enhertu, Koselugo,
Farxiga, Brilinta, Lokelma, roxadustat, Fasenra, Bevespi and
Breztri.
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="evaluate">
<h2>AstraZeneca's success</h2>
<p>
AstraZeneca measures its success via how well it achieves its top
priorities each year. Its official mission is to provide
pharmaceutical products to cure debilitating conditions affecting
people around the world. This year, it has definitely worked towards
this mission with its aims and objectives.
</p>
<p>
AZ's COVID-19 vaccinations have helped to meet this goal. The COVID-19
pandemic is the most widespread infection in the last 100 years,
killing 4.55 million people globally since it began. Vaccinations help
to reduce the risk of infection, along with the severity of symptoms
if an infection takes place.
</p>
<p>
Their vaccination programme was designed not to make any profits,
meaning that any surplus made would be reinvested back into the
vaccination programme rather than being paid to investors. This showed
that their efforts were an attempt to make a difference in the world,
rather than a pure money-making scheme. Their aim for this programme
may have been to receive good PR for their deeds, but the rare side
effects as a result of the vaccine (blood clots), along with the
exaggeration by media, has meant that they have actually received bad
PR.
</p>
<p>
In addition to their vaccinations, AstraZeneca have launched a total
of 13 new medicines in 2020, further progressing towards their mission
statement. Approximately 30% of their total product sales revenue was
in emerging markets, too, where even simple medication can make a
massive difference to people's livelihoods.
</p>
<p>
Furthermore, AstraZeneca has significantly increased its profits (up
by 81% on 2019), due to significant increases in sales revenue from
their pharmaceutical products. This can be seen as a positive for the
company as a whole, and its shareholders, who received a total of
$3.57bn in dividends in 2020. The dividend payout was a slight
decrease on 2019, where the overall total was $3.59bn, but this is
almost negligible. Additionally, AstraZeneca's share price has
increased from approximately £53.71 per share in Jan 2019 to £88.26 in
October 2021.
</p>
<figure>
<img src="az-shares.png" />
<figcaption>
AstraZeneca's share price from early 2017 to 4 October 2021.
(Source: Google Finance)
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
Overall, I would argue that AstraZeneca have achieved their aims and
significantly progressed towards their mission in 2020 and 21H1. Their
charitable actions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic have allowed
vaccine doses to be distributed at much lower cost (approximately
£2.17/£1.56 per dose in UK and EU respectively) to countries which may
not be able to afford the more expensive Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna
vaccines (approximately £15 and £24 per dose respectively), helping to
fulfill their overall mission and aim.
</p>
</section>
</main>
</body>
</html>