diff --git a/flint-core/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/core/metadata/log/DefaultOptimisticTransaction.java b/flint-core/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/core/metadata/log/DefaultOptimisticTransaction.java
index f3ef364b3..54308bf80 100644
--- a/flint-core/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/core/metadata/log/DefaultOptimisticTransaction.java
+++ b/flint-core/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/core/metadata/log/DefaultOptimisticTransaction.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public T commit(Function<FlintMetadataLogEntry, T> operation) {
     if (!initialCondition.test(latest)) {
       LOG.warning("Initial log entry doesn't satisfy precondition " + latest);
       throw new IllegalStateException(
-          "Transaction failed due to initial log precondition not satisfied");
+          String.format("Index state [%s] doesn't satisfy precondition", latest.state()));
     }
 
     // Append optional transient log
diff --git a/flint-spark-integration/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupport.scala b/flint-spark-integration/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupport.scala
index 0af04bed3..2257074da 100644
--- a/flint-spark-integration/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupport.scala
+++ b/flint-spark-integration/src/main/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupport.scala
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ trait FlintSparkTransactionSupport { self: Logging =>
    * @param opName
    *   the name of the operation, used for logging
    * @param forceInit
-   *   a boolean flag indicating whether to force the initialization of the transaction
+   *   a boolean flag indicating whether to force the initialization of the metadata log
    * @param opBlock
    *   the operation block to execute within the transaction context, which takes an
    *   `OptimisticTransaction` and returns a value of type `T`
diff --git a/flint-spark-integration/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupportSuite.scala b/flint-spark-integration/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupportSuite.scala
index 9120b33e8..155d706c1 100644
--- a/flint-spark-integration/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupportSuite.scala
+++ b/flint-spark-integration/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionSupportSuite.scala
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class FlintSparkTransactionSupportSuite extends FlintSuite with Matchers {
   private val testIndex = "test_index"
   private val testOpName = "test operation"
 
-  // Creating a fake FlintSparkTransactionSupport for test
+  /** Creating a fake FlintSparkTransactionSupport subclass for test */
   private val transactionSupport = new FlintSparkTransactionSupport with Logging {
     override protected def flintClient: FlintClient = mockFlintClient
     override protected def dataSourceName: String = testDataSource
@@ -41,20 +41,20 @@ class FlintSparkTransactionSupportSuite extends FlintSuite with Matchers {
   test("should throw exception with nested exception message") {
     the[IllegalStateException] thrownBy {
       transactionSupport.withTransaction[Unit](testIndex, testOpName) { _ =>
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException("fake exception")
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Fake exception")
       }
     } should have message
-      "Failed to execute index operation [test operation] caused by: fake exception"
+      "Failed to execute index operation [test operation] caused by: Fake exception"
   }
 
   test("should throw exception with root cause exception message") {
     the[IllegalStateException] thrownBy {
       transactionSupport.withTransaction[Unit](testIndex, testOpName) { _ =>
-        val rootCause = new IllegalArgumentException("fake root cause")
+        val rootCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Fake root cause")
         val cause = new RuntimeException("message ignored", rootCause)
         throw new IllegalStateException("message ignored", cause)
       }
     } should have message
-      "Failed to execute index operation [test operation] caused by: fake root cause"
+      "Failed to execute index operation [test operation] caused by: Fake root cause"
   }
 }
diff --git a/integ-test/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionITSuite.scala b/integ-test/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionITSuite.scala
index 3bef0a45f..fbed33c81 100644
--- a/integ-test/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionITSuite.scala
+++ b/integ-test/src/test/scala/org/opensearch/flint/spark/FlintSparkTransactionITSuite.scala
@@ -177,6 +177,19 @@ class FlintSparkTransactionITSuite extends OpenSearchTransactionSuite with Match
       RequestOptions.DEFAULT) shouldBe false
   }
 
+  test("should fail to vacuum index if index is not logically deleted") {
+    flint
+      .skippingIndex()
+      .onTable(testTable)
+      .addPartitions("year", "month")
+      .create()
+
+    the[IllegalStateException] thrownBy {
+      flint.vacuumIndex(testFlintIndex)
+    } should have message
+      s"Failed to execute index operation [Vacuum Flint index $testFlintIndex] caused by: Index state [active] doesn't satisfy precondition"
+  }
+
   test("should not recreate index if index data still exists") {
     flint
       .skippingIndex()