summarization_final.ipynb

{
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 5,
  "metadata": {
    "environment": {
      "name": "pytorch-gpu.1-9.m74",
      "type": "gcloud",
      "uri": "gcr.io/deeplearning-platform-release/pytorch-gpu.1-9:m74"
    },
    "kernelspec": {
      "display_name": "Python [conda env:root] *",
      "language": "python",
      "name": "conda-root-py"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "codemirror_mode": {
        "name": "ipython",
        "version": 3
      },
      "file_extension": ".py",
      "mimetype": "text/x-python",
      "name": "python",
      "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
      "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
      "version": "3.7.10"
    },
    "colab": {
      "name": "summarization-final.ipynb",
      "provenance": []
    }
  },
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "pv6PgJ36Koa0"
      },
      "source": [
        "###IA376 - Introdução ao Aprendizado Profundo\n",
        "###Universidade Estadual de Campinas"
      ],
      "id": "pv6PgJ36Koa0"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nB9KTbHo96wy"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Abstractive Summarization of Portuguese Texts by fine-tuning the Portuguese-Based T5 Model\n",
        "###Caio Simão Villela<br>\n",
        "RA 168342"
      ],
      "id": "nB9KTbHo96wy"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-P8Xab_lMxdD"
      },
      "source": [
        "For more information regarding the development of the project and results, please refer to the PDF file on the repository.\n",
        "\n",
        "This project relied highly on open-source projects developed by the community, as well as other publications on the matter. Please refer to them on the pdf file as well.\n"
      ],
      "id": "-P8Xab_lMxdD"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EwowHHT-KxFf"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Imports and Installs"
      ],
      "id": "EwowHHT-KxFf"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "11f834d4",
        "outputId": "6163ceec-704a-43d5-bdec-03827271095c"
      },
      "source": [
        "!pip install git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers\n",
        "!pip install sentencepiece --quiet\n",
        "!pip install datasets --quiet\n",
        "!pip install pyarrow --quiet\n",
        "!pip install pytorch_lightning==0.9.0 -q\n",
        "!pip install nlp\n",
        "\n",
        "import argparse\n",
        "import glob\n",
        "import os\n",
        "import json\n",
        "import time\n",
        "import logging\n",
        "import random\n",
        "import re\n",
        "from itertools import chain\n",
        "from string import punctuation\n",
        "\n",
        "import nltk\n",
        "import numpy as np\n",
        "nltk.download('punkt')\n",
        "\n",
        "import gc\n",
        "import torch\n",
        "from transformers import T5Tokenizer, T5Model, T5ForConditionalGeneration\n",
        "from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, DataCollatorForSeq2Seq, Seq2SeqTrainingArguments, Seq2SeqTrainer\n",
        "\n",
        "from transformers import AdamW, get_linear_schedule_with_warmup\n",
        "\n",
        "import pytorch_lightning as pl\n",
        "\n",
        "from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader\n",
        "\n",
        "from datasets import load_dataset, load_metric\n",
        "# from nlp import load_metric\n",
        "\n",
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "\n",
        "from pytorch_lightning.loggers import WandbLogger"
      ],
      "id": "11f834d4",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Collecting git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers\n",
            "  Cloning https://github.com/huggingface/transformers to /tmp/pip-req-build-s4q420xr\n",
            "  Running command git clone -q https://github.com/huggingface/transformers /tmp/pip-req-build-s4q420xr\n",
            "  Installing build dependencies ... \u001b[?25ldone\n",
            "\u001b[?25h  Getting requirements to build wheel ... \u001b[?25ldone\n",
            "\u001b[?25h    Preparing wheel metadata ... \u001b[?25ldone\n",
            "\u001b[?25hRequirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (4.5.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: pyyaml in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (5.4.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.17 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (1.19.5)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: packaging in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (20.9)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: tokenizers<0.11,>=0.10.1 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (0.10.3)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: filelock in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (3.0.12)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: regex!=2019.12.17 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (2021.4.4)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: tqdm>=4.27 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (4.49.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: requests in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (2.25.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: huggingface-hub==0.0.12 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (0.0.12)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: sacremoses in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (0.0.45)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: typing-extensions in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from huggingface-hub==0.0.12->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (3.10.0.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.2 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from packaging->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (2.4.7)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from importlib-metadata->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (3.4.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: chardet<5,>=3.0.2 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (4.0.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.27,>=1.21.1 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (1.26.5)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (2021.5.30)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: idna<3,>=2.5 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (2.10)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: click in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from sacremoses->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (8.0.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: six in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from sacremoses->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (1.16.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: joblib in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from sacremoses->transformers==4.9.0.dev0) (1.0.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: nlp in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (0.4.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: tqdm>=4.27 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (4.49.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: pandas in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (1.2.5)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: xxhash in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (2.0.2)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: pyarrow>=0.16.0 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (3.0.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (1.19.5)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: dill in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (0.3.4)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: filelock in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (3.0.12)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: requests>=2.19.0 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from nlp) (2.25.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests>=2.19.0->nlp) (2021.5.30)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.27,>=1.21.1 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests>=2.19.0->nlp) (1.26.5)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: idna<3,>=2.5 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests>=2.19.0->nlp) (2.10)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: chardet<5,>=3.0.2 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests>=2.19.0->nlp) (4.0.0)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.7.3 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from pandas->nlp) (2.8.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2017.3 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from pandas->nlp) (2021.1)\n",
            "Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.7.3->pandas->nlp) (1.16.0)\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "stderr",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "[nltk_data] Downloading package punkt to /home/jupyter/nltk_data...\n",
            "[nltk_data]   Package punkt is already up-to-date!\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "RkJVVNhJK4Nz"
      },
      "source": [
        "### wandb logger"
      ],
      "id": "RkJVVNhJK4Nz"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "82b53bb2",
        "outputId": "0f9fea12-42f0-42b7-dfa6-64d0dc6f971f"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Install Weights and Biases\n",
        "!pip install wandb --upgrade -q\n",
        "\n",
        "# Import wandb\n",
        "import wandb\n",
        "\n",
        "# Login with your authentication key\n",
        "wandb.login()\n",
        "\n",
        "# setup wandb environment variables\n",
        "%env WANDB_PROJECT=\"t5base-summarizer-overfit\"\n",
        "%env WAND_WATCH='all'\n",
        "\n",
        "wandb_logger = WandbLogger(project='t5-xsum')"
      ],
      "id": "82b53bb2",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stderr",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "\u001b[34m\u001b[1mwandb\u001b[0m: Currently logged in as: \u001b[33mcvillela\u001b[0m (use `wandb login --relogin` to force relogin)\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "env: WANDB_PROJECT=\"t5base-summarizer-overfit\"\n",
            "env: WAND_WATCH='all'\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "4dab304e"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Utils"
      ],
      "id": "4dab304e"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "66e16d29"
      },
      "source": [
        "checkpoint = 'unicamp-dl/ptt5-base-portuguese-vocab'\n",
        "\n",
        "tokenizer = T5Tokenizer.from_pretrained(checkpoint)"
      ],
      "id": "66e16d29",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "c0b31e49",
        "outputId": "17b9fd3d-c3df-4a87-cfc0-415272c75f0a"
      },
      "source": [
        "raw_datasets = load_dataset(\"xsum\")"
      ],
      "id": "c0b31e49",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stderr",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Using custom data configuration default\n",
            "Reusing dataset xsum (/home/jupyter/.cache/huggingface/datasets/xsum/default/1.2.0/4957825a982999fbf80bca0b342793b01b2611e021ef589fb7c6250b3577b499)\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5be4da09"
      },
      "source": [
        "def set_seed(seed):\n",
        "    random.seed(seed)\n",
        "    np.random.seed(seed)\n",
        "    torch.manual_seed(seed)\n",
        "    if torch.cuda.is_available():\n",
        "        torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed)\n",
        "\n",
        "set_seed(42)"
      ],
      "id": "5be4da09",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "b59ac523"
      },
      "source": [
        "# DATASET"
      ],
      "id": "b59ac523"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 234
        },
        "id": "12e24fb8",
        "outputId": "4f92ba18-c13a-4b88-e0a8-ebb3872d23d6"
      },
      "source": [
        "class XSumDataset(Dataset):\n",
        "    def __init__(self, tokenizer, type_path, num_samples, max_input_length, max_target_length, print_text=False):\n",
        "        \n",
        "        self.type_path = type_path\n",
        "        self.dataset =  raw_datasets[type_path]\n",
        "        self.max_input_length = max_input_length\n",
        "        self.tokenizer = tokenizer\n",
        "        self.max_target_length = max_target_length\n",
        "        self.print_text = print_text\n",
        "        self.prefix = \"summarize: \"\n",
        "        if num_samples:\n",
        "            self.dataset = self.dataset.select(list(range(0, num_samples)))\n",
        "        \n",
        "    def __len__(self):\n",
        "        return self.dataset.shape[0]\n",
        "    \n",
        "    def clean_text(self, text):\n",
        "        text = text.replace('\\n','')\n",
        "        text = text.replace('``', '')\n",
        "        text = text.replace('\"', '')\n",
        "        \n",
        "        return text\n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    def convert_to_features(self, example_batch):\n",
        "        # Tokenize contexts and questions (as pairs of inputs)\n",
        "        \n",
        "        if self.print_text:\n",
        "            print(\"Input Text: \", self.clean_text(example_batch['document']))\n",
        "\n",
        "        \n",
        "        input_ = self.prefix + self.clean_text(example_batch['document'])\n",
        "        target_ = self.clean_text(example_batch['summary'])\n",
        "        \n",
        "        source = self.tokenizer.batch_encode_plus([input_], max_length=self.max_input_length, \n",
        "                                                     padding='max_length', truncation=True, return_tensors=\"pt\")\n",
        "        \n",
        "        targets = self.tokenizer.batch_encode_plus([target_], max_length=self.max_target_length, \n",
        "                                                     padding='max_length', truncation=True, return_tensors=\"pt\")\n",
        "       \n",
        "        return source, targets\n",
        "  \n",
        "    def __getitem__(self, index):\n",
        "        source, targets = self.convert_to_features(self.dataset[index])\n",
        "        \n",
        "        source_ids = source[\"input_ids\"].squeeze()\n",
        "        target_ids = targets[\"input_ids\"].squeeze()\n",
        "\n",
        "        src_mask    = source[\"attention_mask\"].squeeze()\n",
        "        target_mask = targets[\"attention_mask\"].squeeze()\n",
        "\n",
        "        return {\"source_ids\": source_ids, \"source_mask\": src_mask, \"target_ids\": target_ids, \"target_mask\": target_mask}\n",
        "        \n",
        "  \n"
      ],
      "id": "12e24fb8",
      "execution_count": 1,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "NameError",
          "evalue": "ignored",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-1-800321205670>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mclass\u001b[0m \u001b[0mXSumDataset\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mDataset\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m__init__\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtokenizer\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtype_path\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnum_samples\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmax_input_length\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmax_target_length\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint_text\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32mFalse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtype_path\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtype_path\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      5\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdataset\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m  \u001b[0mraw_datasets\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtype_path\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'Dataset' is not defined"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "15edd336"
      },
      "source": [
        "def get_dataset(tokenizer, type_path, num_samples, args):\n",
        "      return XSumDataset(tokenizer=tokenizer, type_path=type_path, num_samples=num_samples,  max_input_length=args.max_input_length, \n",
        "                        max_target_length=args.max_output_length)"
      ],
      "id": "15edd336",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ff6b3d97"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Dataset class sanitycheck"
      ],
      "id": "ff6b3d97"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "a3b490b6",
        "outputId": "90a8a8de-09bb-45c2-ac20-1da75283b56e"
      },
      "source": [
        "dataset = XSumDataset(tokenizer, 'train', 32, 512, 100, True)\n",
        "len(dataset)"
      ],
      "id": "a3b490b6",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "32"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 8,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "cdec9fab",
        "outputId": "ad8e2498-f7f4-419b-b4f9-56c71937149b"
      },
      "source": [
        "data = dataset[31]\n",
        "print()\n",
        "print(\"Shape of Tokenized Text: \", data['source_ids'].shape)\n",
        "print()\n",
        "print(\"Sanity check - Decode Text: \", tokenizer.decode(data['source_ids'], skip_special_tokens=True))\n",
        "print(\"====================================\")\n",
        "print(\"Sanity check - Decode Summary: \", tokenizer.decode(data['target_ids'], skip_special_tokens=True))"
      ],
      "id": "cdec9fab",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Input Text:  The win keeps the Candystripes two points behind leaders Dundalk who won 2-0 away to Shamrock Rovers.Former Plymouth striker Patterson scored his sixth goal of the season in the 14th minute at the Brandywell.He shot into an empty net after the ball broke to him when keeper Dean Delany thwarted Barry McNamee.Kurtis Byrne should have netted a speedy equaliser but the son of former Celtic player Paul Byrne completely missed his kick in front of goal.That was the one big scare for Kenny Shiels' men on a night when both keepers had a quiet night.Derry City have won six and drawn two in the eight games they have played since losing to Finn Harps on the first day of the season.\n",
            "\n",
            "Shape of Tokenized Text:  torch.Size([512])\n",
            "\n",
            "Sanity check - Decode Text:  summarize: The win keeps the Candystripes two points behind leaders Dundalk who won 2-0 away to Shamrock Rovers.Former Plymouth striker Patterson scored his sixth goal of the season in the 14th minute at the Brandywell.He shot into an empty net after the ball broke to him when keeper Dean Delany thwarted Barry McNamee.Kurtis Byrne should have netted a speedy equaliser but the son of former Celtic player Paul Byrne completely missed his kick in front of goal.That was the one big scare for Kenny Shiels' men on a night when both keepers had a quiet night.Derry City have won six and drawn two in the eight games they have played since losing to Finn Harps on the first day of the season.\n",
            "====================================\n",
            "Sanity check - Decode Summary:  Rory Patterson's early goal proved enough to give second-placed Derry City a home victory over Bohemians in Friday night's Premier Division clash.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fc68cb65"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Lightning Module"
      ],
      "id": "fc68cb65"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "41eecbab",
        "outputId": "607fb0e7-874b-48cb-fe14-aad18f8ec6e8"
      },
      "source": [
        "args_dict = dict(\n",
        "    output_dir=\"./test-summarization/\", # path to save the checkpoints\n",
        "    model_name_or_path=checkpoint,\n",
        "    tokenizer_name_or_path=checkpoint,\n",
        "    max_input_length=512,\n",
        "    max_output_length=100,\n",
        "    freeze_encoder=False,\n",
        "    freeze_embeds=False,\n",
        "    learning_rate=3e-4,\n",
        "    weight_decay=1e-5,\n",
        "    adam_epsilon=1e-8,\n",
        "    warmup_steps=0,\n",
        "    train_batch_size=4,\n",
        "    eval_batch_size=4,\n",
        "    num_train_epochs=2,\n",
        "    gradient_accumulation_steps=32,\n",
        "    n_gpu=1,\n",
        "    resume_from_checkpoint=None, \n",
        "    val_check_interval = 0.05, \n",
        "    n_val=1000,\n",
        "    n_train=-1,\n",
        "    n_test=-1,\n",
        "    early_stop_callback=False,\n",
        "    fp_16=False, \n",
        "    opt_level='O1',\n",
        "    max_grad_norm=1.0, \n",
        "    seed=42,\n",
        ")\n",
        "\n",
        "args = argparse.Namespace(**args_dict)\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "args_dict_en = dict(\n",
        "    output_dir=\"./test-summarization/\", # path to save the checkpoints\n",
        "    model_name_or_path=\"t5-base\",\n",
        "    tokenizer_name_or_path=\"t5-base\",\n",
        "    max_input_length=512,\n",
        "    max_output_length=100,\n",
        "    freeze_encoder=False,\n",
        "    freeze_embeds=False,\n",
        "    learning_rate=3e-4,\n",
        "    weight_decay=1e-5,\n",
        "    adam_epsilon=1e-8,\n",
        "    warmup_steps=0,\n",
        "    train_batch_size=4,\n",
        "    eval_batch_size=4,\n",
        "    num_train_epochs=3,\n",
        "    gradient_accumulation_steps=64,\n",
        "    n_gpu=1,\n",
        "#     resume_from_checkpoint='./test-summarization/checkpointepoch=1.ckpt',\n",
        "    resume_from_checkpoint=None, \n",
        "    val_check_interval = 0.05, \n",
        "    n_val=-1,\n",
        "    n_train=-1,\n",
        "    n_test=-1,\n",
        "\n",
        "    early_stop_callback=False,\n",
        "    fp_16=False,\n",
        "    opt_level='O1',\n",
        "    max_grad_norm=1.0,\n",
        "    seed=42,\n",
        ")\n",
        "\n",
        "args = argparse.Namespace(**args_dict)\n",
        "args_en = argparse.Namespace(**args_dict_en)\n",
        "\n",
        "print(args_dict_en)"
      ],
      "id": "41eecbab",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "{'output_dir': './test-summarization/', 'model_name_or_path': 't5-base', 'tokenizer_name_or_path': 't5-base', 'max_input_length': 512, 'max_output_length': 100, 'freeze_encoder': False, 'freeze_embeds': False, 'learning_rate': 0.0003, 'weight_decay': 1e-05, 'adam_epsilon': 1e-08, 'warmup_steps': 0, 'train_batch_size': 4, 'eval_batch_size': 4, 'num_train_epochs': 3, 'gradient_accumulation_steps': 64, 'n_gpu': 1, 'resume_from_checkpoint': None, 'val_check_interval': 0.05, 'n_val': -1, 'n_train': -1, 'n_test': -1, 'early_stop_callback': False, 'fp_16': False, 'opt_level': 'O1', 'max_grad_norm': 1.0, 'seed': 42}\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "07167846"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Logger"
      ],
      "id": "07167846"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "154ed831"
      },
      "source": [
        "logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n",
        "\n",
        "class LoggingCallback(pl.Callback):\n",
        "    def on_validation_end(self, trainer, pl_module):\n",
        "        logger.info(\"***** Validation results *****\")\n",
        "        if pl_module.is_logger():\n",
        "            metrics = trainer.callback_metrics\n",
        "            # Log results\n",
        "            for key in sorted(metrics):\n",
        "                if key not in [\"log\", \"progress_bar\"]:\n",
        "                    logger.info(\"{} = {}\\n\".format(key, str(metrics[key])))\n",
        "\n",
        "    def on_test_end(self, trainer, pl_module):\n",
        "        logger.info(\"***** Test results *****\")\n",
        "\n",
        "        if pl_module.is_logger():\n",
        "            metrics = trainer.callback_metrics\n",
        "\n",
        "            # Log and save results to file\n",
        "            output_test_results_file = os.path.join(pl_module.hparams.output_dir, \"test_results.txt\")\n",
        "            with open(output_test_results_file, \"w\") as writer:\n",
        "                for key in sorted(metrics):\n",
        "                    if key not in [\"log\", \"progress_bar\"]:\n",
        "                        logger.info(\"{} = {}\\n\".format(key, str(metrics[key])))\n",
        "                        writer.write(\"{} = {}\\n\".format(key, str(metrics[key])))"
      ],
      "id": "154ed831",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "09a653d3",
        "outputId": "31b41beb-28ca-45e8-8da7-9689fecb8946"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Define Checkpoint function\n",
        "checkpoint_callback = pl.callbacks.ModelCheckpoint(\n",
        "    filepath=args.output_dir, prefix=\"checkpoint\", monitor=\"val_loss\", mode=\"min\", save_top_k=3\n",
        ")\n",
        "\n",
        "## If resuming from checkpoint, add an arg resume_from_checkpoint\n",
        "train_params = dict(\n",
        "    accumulate_grad_batches=args.gradient_accumulation_steps,\n",
        "    gpus=args.n_gpu,\n",
        "    max_epochs=args.num_train_epochs,\n",
        "    early_stop_callback=False,\n",
        "    precision= 16 if args.fp_16 else 32,\n",
        "    amp_level=args.opt_level,\n",
        "    resume_from_checkpoint=args.resume_from_checkpoint,\n",
        "    gradient_clip_val=args.max_grad_norm,\n",
        "    checkpoint_callback=checkpoint_callback,\n",
        "    val_check_interval=args.val_check_interval,\n",
        "    logger=wandb_logger,\n",
        "    callbacks=[LoggingCallback()],\n",
        ")"
      ],
      "id": "09a653d3",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stderr",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pytorch_lightning/utilities/distributed.py:37: UserWarning: Checkpoint directory ./test-summarization/ exists and is not empty with save_top_k != 0.All files in this directory will be deleted when a checkpoint is saved!\n",
            "  warnings.warn(*args, **kwargs)\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "92063080"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Pytorch Lightning Module"
      ],
      "id": "92063080"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "58b6fb1e"
      },
      "source": [
        "class T5FineTuner(pl.LightningModule):\n",
        "    def __init__(self, hparams):\n",
        "        super(T5FineTuner, self).__init__()\n",
        "        self.hparams=hparams    \n",
        "        self.model = T5ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained(hparams.model_name_or_path)\n",
        "        self.tokenizer = T5Tokenizer.from_pretrained(hparams.tokenizer_name_or_path)\n",
        "        self.rouge_metric = load_metric('rouge')\n",
        "        self.save_hyperparameters()\n",
        "        \n",
        "        if self.hparams.freeze_embeds:\n",
        "            self.freeze_embeds()\n",
        "        if self.hparams.freeze_encoder:\n",
        "            self.freeze_params(self.model.get_encoder())\n",
        "            assert_all_frozen(self.model.get_encoder())\n",
        "            \n",
        "            \n",
        "        n_observations_per_split = {\n",
        "            \"train\": self.hparams.n_train,\n",
        "            \"validation\": self.hparams.n_val,\n",
        "            \"test\": self.hparams.n_test,\n",
        "        }\n",
        "        self.n_obs = {k: v if v >= 0 else None for k, v in n_observations_per_split.items()}\n",
        "        \n",
        "    \n",
        "    def freeze_params(self, model):\n",
        "        for par in model.parameters():\n",
        "            par.requires_grad = False\n",
        "            \n",
        "            \n",
        "    def freeze_embeds(self):\n",
        "        \"\"\"Freeze token embeddings and positional embeddings for bart, just token embeddings for t5.\"\"\"\n",
        "        try:\n",
        "            self.freeze_params(self.model.model.shared)\n",
        "            for d in [self.model.model.encoder, self.model.model.decoder]:\n",
        "                freeze_params(d.embed_positions)\n",
        "                freeze_params(d.embed_tokens)\n",
        "        except AttributeError:\n",
        "            self.freeze_params(self.model.shared)\n",
        "            for d in [self.model.encoder, self.model.decoder]:\n",
        "                self.freeze_params(d.embed_tokens)\n",
        "    \n",
        "    def lmap(self, f, x):\n",
        "        \"\"\"list(map(f, x))\"\"\"\n",
        "        return list(map(f, x))\n",
        "    \n",
        "\n",
        "    def is_logger(self):\n",
        "        return self.trainer.proc_rank <= 0\n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    def parse_score(self, result):\n",
        "        return {k: round(v.mid.fmeasure * 100, 4) for k, v in result.items()}\n",
        "        \n",
        "    def forward(\n",
        "      self, input_ids, attention_mask=None, decoder_input_ids=None, decoder_attention_mask=None, lm_labels=None\n",
        "  ):\n",
        "        return self.model(\n",
        "            input_ids,\n",
        "            attention_mask=attention_mask,\n",
        "            decoder_input_ids=decoder_input_ids,\n",
        "            decoder_attention_mask=decoder_attention_mask,\n",
        "            labels=lm_labels,\n",
        "    )\n",
        "\n",
        "    def _step(self, batch):\n",
        "        lm_labels = batch[\"target_ids\"]\n",
        "        lm_labels[lm_labels[:, :] == self.tokenizer.pad_token_id] = -100\n",
        "\n",
        "        outputs = self(\n",
        "            input_ids=batch[\"source_ids\"],\n",
        "            attention_mask=batch[\"source_mask\"],\n",
        "            lm_labels=lm_labels,\n",
        "            decoder_attention_mask=batch['target_mask']\n",
        "        )\n",
        "\n",
        "        loss = outputs[0]\n",
        "\n",
        "        return loss\n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    def ids_to_clean_text(self, generated_ids):\n",
        "        gen_text = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(\n",
        "            generated_ids, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=True\n",
        "        )\n",
        "        return self.lmap(str.strip, gen_text)\n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    def _generative_step(self, batch) :\n",
        "        \n",
        "        t0 = time.time()\n",
        "        \n",
        "        generated_ids = self.model.generate(\n",
        "            batch[\"source_ids\"],\n",
        "            attention_mask=batch[\"source_mask\"],\n",
        "            use_cache=True,\n",
        "            decoder_attention_mask=batch['target_mask'],\n",
        "            max_length=100, \n",
        "            num_beams=2,\n",
        "            repetition_penalty=2.5, \n",
        "            length_penalty=1.0, \n",
        "            early_stopping=True\n",
        "        )\n",
        "        preds = self.ids_to_clean_text(generated_ids)\n",
        "        target = self.ids_to_clean_text(batch[\"target_ids\"])\n",
        "            \n",
        "        gen_time = (time.time() - t0) / batch[\"source_ids\"].shape[0]  \n",
        "    \n",
        "        loss = self._step(batch)\n",
        "        base_metrics = {'val_loss': loss}\n",
        "\n",
        "        summ_len = np.mean(self.lmap(len, generated_ids))\n",
        "        base_metrics.update(gen_time=gen_time, gen_len=summ_len, preds=preds, target=target)\n",
        "        self.rouge_metric.add_batch(predictions=preds, references=target)\n",
        "        \n",
        "        return base_metrics\n",
        "    \n",
        "\n",
        "    def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):\n",
        "        loss = self._step(batch)\n",
        "\n",
        "        tensorboard_logs = {\"train_loss\": loss}\n",
        "        return {\"loss\": loss, \"log\": tensorboard_logs}\n",
        "  \n",
        "    def training_epoch_end(self, outputs):\n",
        "        avg_train_loss = torch.stack([x[\"loss\"] for x in outputs]).mean()\n",
        "        tensorboard_logs = {\"avg_train_loss\": avg_train_loss}\n",
        "        return {\"avg_train_loss\": avg_train_loss, \"log\": tensorboard_logs, 'progress_bar': tensorboard_logs}\n",
        "\n",
        "    def validation_step(self, batch, batch_idx):\n",
        "        return self._generative_step(batch)\n",
        "  \n",
        "    def validation_epoch_end(self, outputs):\n",
        "        \n",
        "        avg_loss = torch.stack([x[\"val_loss\"] for x in outputs]).mean()\n",
        "        tensorboard_logs = {\"val_loss\": avg_loss}\n",
        "        \n",
        "        rouge_results = self.rouge_metric.compute() \n",
        "        rouge_dict = self.parse_score(rouge_results)\n",
        "    \n",
        "        tensorboard_logs.update(rouge1=rouge_dict['rouge1'], rougeL=rouge_dict['rougeL'])\n",
        "        \n",
        "        ## Clear out the lists for next epoch\n",
        "        self.target_gen= []\n",
        "        self.prediction_gen=[]\n",
        "        return {\"avg_val_loss\": avg_loss, \n",
        "                \"rouge1\" : rouge_results['rouge1'],\n",
        "                \"rougeL\" : rouge_results['rougeL'],\n",
        "                \"log\": tensorboard_logs, 'progress_bar': tensorboard_logs}\n",
        "\n",
        "    def configure_optimizers(self):\n",
        "        \"Prepare optimizer and schedule (linear warmup and decay)\"\n",
        "\n",
        "        model = self.model\n",
        "        no_decay = [\"bias\", \"LayerNorm.weight\"]\n",
        "        optimizer_grouped_parameters = [\n",
        "            {\n",
        "                \"params\": [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if not any(nd in n for nd in no_decay)],\n",
        "                \"weight_decay\": self.hparams.weight_decay,\n",
        "            },\n",
        "            {\n",
        "                \"params\": [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if any(nd in n for nd in no_decay)],\n",
        "                \"weight_decay\": 0.0,\n",
        "            },\n",
        "        ]\n",
        "        optimizer = AdamW(optimizer_grouped_parameters, lr=self.hparams.learning_rate, eps=self.hparams.adam_epsilon)\n",
        "        self.opt = optimizer\n",
        "        return [optimizer]\n",
        "  \n",
        "    def optimizer_step(self, epoch, batch_idx, optimizer, optimizer_idx, second_order_closure=None, using_native_amp=False):\n",
        "        if self.trainer.use_tpu:\n",
        "            xm.optimizer_step(optimizer)\n",
        "        else:\n",
        "            optimizer.step()\n",
        "        optimizer.zero_grad()\n",
        "        self.lr_scheduler.step()\n",
        "  \n",
        "    def get_tqdm_dict(self):\n",
        "        tqdm_dict = {\"loss\": \"{:.3f}\".format(self.trainer.avg_loss), \"lr\": self.lr_scheduler.get_last_lr()[-1]}\n",
        "\n",
        "        return tqdm_dict\n",
        "    \n",
        "\n",
        "    def train_dataloader(self):   \n",
        "        n_samples = self.n_obs['train']\n",
        "        train_dataset = get_dataset(tokenizer=self.tokenizer, type_path=\"train\", num_samples=n_samples, args=self.hparams)\n",
        "        dataloader = DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=self.hparams.train_batch_size, drop_last=True, shuffle=True, num_workers=4)\n",
        "        t_total = (\n",
        "            (len(dataloader.dataset) // (self.hparams.train_batch_size * max(1, self.hparams.n_gpu)))\n",
        "            // self.hparams.gradient_accumulation_steps\n",
        "            * float(self.hparams.num_train_epochs)\n",
        "        )\n",
        "        scheduler = get_linear_schedule_with_warmup(\n",
        "            self.opt, num_warmup_steps=self.hparams.warmup_steps, num_training_steps=t_total\n",
        "        )\n",
        "        self.lr_scheduler = scheduler\n",
        "        return dataloader\n",
        "\n",
        "    def val_dataloader(self):\n",
        "        n_samples = self.n_obs['validation']\n",
        "        validation_dataset = get_dataset(tokenizer=self.tokenizer, type_path=\"validation\", num_samples=n_samples, args=self.hparams)\n",
        "        \n",
        "        return DataLoader(validation_dataset, batch_size=self.hparams.eval_batch_size, num_workers=4)\n",
        "    \n",
        "    def test_step(self, batch, batch_idx):\n",
        "        return self._generative_step(batch)\n",
        "    \n",
        "    def test_dataloader(self):\n",
        "        n_samples = self.n_obs['test']\n",
        "        test_dataset = get_dataset(tokenizer=self.tokenizer, type_path=\"test\", num_samples=n_samples, args=self.hparams)\n",
        "        \n",
        "        return DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=self.hparams.eval_batch_size, num_workers=4)"
      ],
      "id": "58b6fb1e",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "84da8ac8"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Training"
      ],
      "id": "84da8ac8"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "727e98f9"
      },
      "source": [
        "model = T5FineTuner(args)"
      ],
      "id": "727e98f9",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "09a9bc44"
      },
      "source": [
        "trainer = pl.Trainer(**train_params)"
      ],
      "id": "09a9bc44",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "b6929e44"
      },
      "source": [
        "trainer.fit(model)"
      ],
      "id": "b6929e44",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "a12308ec"
      },
      "source": [
        "trainer.save_checkpoint(\"ptt5-base-finetune-2.ckpt\")"
      ],
      "id": "a12308ec",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ca2b5a6e"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Testing and Validating"
      ],
      "id": "ca2b5a6e"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "611a654b"
      },
      "source": [
        "import textwrap\n",
        "from tqdm.auto import tqdm"
      ],
      "id": "611a654b",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fcbc132d"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Instantiate model from checkpoint"
      ],
      "id": "fcbc132d"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "d097f6ba"
      },
      "source": [
        "wandb_logger = WandbLogger(project='t5-xsum-TEST')"
      ],
      "id": "d097f6ba",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "139b3c64",
        "outputId": "4ef026f8-fac9-4400-d6f7-63005fcc02ad"
      },
      "source": [
        "model_pt = T5FineTuner(args) \n",
        "model_pt.load_state_dict(torch.load(\"ptt5-base-finetune.ckpt\")['state_dict'])"
      ],
      "id": "139b3c64",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<All keys matched successfully>"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 16,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "6e7ce2ff",
        "outputId": "58b1ee6f-dcc2-48e5-dada-166f438f21e5"
      },
      "source": [
        "model_en = T5FineTuner(args_en) \n",
        "model_en.load_state_dict(torch.load(\"t5-base-finetune.ckpt\")['state_dict'])"
      ],
      "id": "6e7ce2ff",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<All keys matched successfully>"
            ]
          },
          "execution_count": 17,
          "metadata": {},
          "output_type": "execute_result"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "c94baa3b"
      },
      "source": [
        "checkpoint_pt = 'unicamp-dl/ptt5-base-portuguese-vocab'\n",
        "checkpoint_en = 't5-base'\n",
        "\n",
        "tokenizer_pt = T5Tokenizer.from_pretrained(checkpoint_pt)\n",
        "tokenizer_en = T5Tokenizer.from_pretrained(checkpoint_en)"
      ],
      "id": "c94baa3b",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "559084c6"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Summary Generation"
      ],
      "id": "559084c6"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "cd541a09"
      },
      "source": [
        "def predict_from_text(text, model, tokenizer, max_input_length=512, max_summary_length=100, min_summary_length=30, length_penalty = 15, n_gram = 2, n_beams = 2, n_sequence = 1 ):\n",
        "    \n",
        "    model.to('cpu')\n",
        "\n",
        "    tokens_input = tokenizer.encode(\"summarize: \" + text,\n",
        "                                  return_tensors='pt',\n",
        "                                  max_length=max_input_length,\n",
        "                                    padding='max_length',\n",
        "                                  truncation=True)\n",
        "\n",
        "    summary_ids = model.model.generate(tokens_input,\n",
        "                                early_stopping= True,\n",
        "                                length_penalty = 1,\n",
        "                                repetition_penalty = 2.5,\n",
        "                                max_length = 150,\n",
        "                                min_length = min_summary_length,\n",
        "                                no_repeat_ngram_size = n_gram,\n",
        "                                num_beams = 2,\n",
        "                                num_return_sequences = n_sequence\n",
        "                                )\n",
        "    \n",
        "    print(140*'-')\n",
        "    print('input length: ', len(tokens_input[0]))\n",
        "    \n",
        "    for summa in summary_ids:\n",
        "        print('predicted summary length: ', len(summa))\n",
        "        print(\"PREDICTED SUMMARY: \")\n",
        "        summary = tokenizer.decode(summa, skip_special_tokens=True)\n",
        "        print(summary)"
      ],
      "id": "cd541a09",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "534b5c69"
      },
      "source": [
        "def predict_from_dataset(model, tokenizer):\n",
        "    dataset = XSumDataset(tokenizer, 'test', 32, 512, 100, True)\n",
        "    len(dataset)\n",
        "\n",
        "    loader = DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=32, shuffle=True)\n",
        "    it = iter(loader)\n",
        "    batch = next(it)\n",
        "\n",
        "    model.to('cuda')\n",
        "    outs = model.model.generate(\n",
        "                batch[\"source_ids\"].cuda(),\n",
        "                attention_mask=batch[\"source_mask\"].cuda(),\n",
        "                use_cache=True,\n",
        "                decoder_attention_mask=batch['target_mask'].cuda(),\n",
        "                max_length=150, \n",
        "                num_beams=2,\n",
        "                repetition_penalty=2.5, \n",
        "                length_penalty=1.0, \n",
        "                early_stopping=True\n",
        "            )\n",
        "\n",
        "    dec = [tokenizer.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in outs]\n",
        "    texts = [tokenizer.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in batch['source_ids']]\n",
        "    targets = [tokenizer.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in batch['target_ids']]\n",
        "    \n",
        "    for i in range(5):\n",
        "        lines = textwrap.wrap(\"XSum Article:\\n%s\\n\" % texts[i], width=100)\n",
        "        print(\"\\n\".join(lines))\n",
        "        print(\"\\nActual Summary: %s\" % targets[i])\n",
        "        print(\"\\nPredicted Summary: %s\" % dec[i])\n",
        "        print(\"=====================================================================\\n\")"
      ],
      "id": "534b5c69",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "f338fb3d"
      },
      "source": [
        "def predict_from_dataset_pt_en(model_pt, tokenizer_pt, model_en, tokenizer_en):\n",
        "    dataset_pt = XSumDataset(tokenizer_pt, 'test', 32, 512, 100, True)\n",
        "    loader_pt = DataLoader(dataset_pt, batch_size=32, shuffle=False)\n",
        "    it_pt = iter(loader_pt)\n",
        "    batch_pt = next(it_pt)\n",
        "\n",
        "    model_pt.to('cuda')\n",
        "    outs_pt = model_pt.model.generate(\n",
        "                batch_pt[\"source_ids\"].cuda(),\n",
        "                attention_mask=batch_pt[\"source_mask\"].cuda(),\n",
        "                use_cache=True,\n",
        "                decoder_attention_mask=batch_pt['target_mask'].cuda(),\n",
        "                max_length=150, \n",
        "                num_beams=2,\n",
        "                repetition_penalty=2.5, \n",
        "                length_penalty=1.0, \n",
        "                early_stopping=True\n",
        "            )\n",
        "\n",
        "    dec_pt = [tokenizer_pt.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in outs_pt]\n",
        "\n",
        "    \n",
        "    dataset_en = XSumDataset(tokenizer_en, 'test', 32, 512, 100, True)\n",
        "    loader_en = DataLoader(dataset_en, batch_size=32, shuffle=False)\n",
        "    it_en = iter(loader_en)\n",
        "    batch_en = next(it_en)\n",
        "    \n",
        "    model_en.to('cuda')\n",
        "    outs = model_en.model.generate(\n",
        "                batch_en[\"source_ids\"].cuda(),\n",
        "                attention_mask=batch_en[\"source_mask\"].cuda(),\n",
        "                use_cache=True,\n",
        "                decoder_attention_mask=batch_en['target_mask'].cuda(),\n",
        "                max_length=150, \n",
        "                num_beams=2,\n",
        "                repetition_penalty=2.5, \n",
        "                length_penalty=1.0, \n",
        "                early_stopping=True\n",
        "            )\n",
        "\n",
        "    dec_en = [tokenizer_en.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in outs]\n",
        "    \n",
        "    texts = [tokenizer_en.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in batch_en['source_ids']]\n",
        "    targets = [tokenizer_en.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in batch_en['target_ids']]\n",
        "    \n",
        "    for i in range(20):\n",
        "        lines = textwrap.wrap(\"XSum Article:\\n%s\\n\" % texts[i], width=100)\n",
        "        print(\"\\n\".join(lines))\n",
        "        print(\"\\nActual Summary: %s\" % targets[i])\n",
        "        print(\"\\nPredicted Summary [T5-base]: %s\" % dec_en[i])\n",
        "        print(\"\\nPredicted Summary [PT-T5]: %s\" % dec_pt[i])\n",
        "        print(\"=====================================================================\\n\")"
      ],
      "id": "f338fb3d",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "afd4f54e"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Test Dataset"
      ],
      "id": "afd4f54e"
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "50bfcec6"
      },
      "source": [
        "transito = \"\"\" \n",
        "\n",
        "Aumentou a média de lentidão no trânsito na cidade de São Paulo nesta terça-feira (6), segundo dados da CET (Companhia de Engenharia de Tráfego)\n",
        "\n",
        "De 71 km de congestionamento na terça passada (29), a capital registrou 81 km nesta terça. O valor também é superior ao registrado duas semanas atrás (22), com 65 km.\n",
        "\n",
        "Também aumentou o número de veículos circulando nas ruas da cidade, com cerca de 6,5 milhões nesta semana, 6,35 milhões na semana passada e 6,3 milhões na anterior.\n",
        "\n",
        "Também houve um leve aumento no número de pessoas nos ônibus, de acordo com a SPTrans. Cerca de 1,93 milhão de passageiros foram transportados ontem, contra 1,87 milhão uma semana atrás e 1,88 milhão há duas semanas.\n",
        "\"\"\"\n",
        "\n",
        "butanvac = \"\"\"A Anvisa (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária) autorizou nesta quarta-feira (7) o início da vacinação de voluntários que farão parte dos testes clínicos da vacina Butanvac, em desenvolvimento pelo Instituto Butantan contra a Covid-19.\n",
        "\n",
        "A decisão foi tomada após reunião entre as equipes técnicas da agência e do laboratório.\n",
        "\n",
        "A autorização para os testes já havia sido concedida em 9 de junho. Segundo a Anvisa, porém, ainda havia informações pendentes, as quais foram apresentadas nesta quarta.\n",
        "\n",
        "Com isso, as doses já poderão ser aplicadas para os testes.\n",
        "\n",
        "O estudo será realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP) e no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (HCFMRP).\"\"\"\n",
        "\n",
        "adianta = \"\"\"\n",
        "\n",
        "O governador João Doria (PSDB) disse nesta quarta (7) que o Instituto Butantan irá antecipar em um mês a entrega das 100 milhões de doses de Coronavac ao Ministério da Saúde.\n",
        "\n",
        "O contrato previa a entrega até 30 de setembro, mas Doria afirmou que as doses estarão disponíveis até 31 de agosto.\n",
        "\n",
        "O Butantan já entregou 53 milhões de doses e enviará mais 10 milhões na próxima semana. Ainda segundo Doria, no dia 14 de julho está prevista a chegada de mais 12 mil litros de insumo para a produção de 20 milhões de doses da Coronavac.\n",
        "\n",
        "\"Até 31 de agosto vamos cumprir integralmente o compromisso previsto inicialmente para o fim de setembro. Há senso de urgência para salvar vidas\", disse o governador.\n",
        "\n",
        "Doria também anunciou ter comprado 4 milhões de doses adicionais da Coronavac, diretamente com o laboratório chinês Sinovac. Destas, 2,7 milhões chegam nesta quarta-feira a São Paulo e até o dia 26 de julho o estado deverá receber o restante.\n",
        "\n",
        "Segundo o governador, a compra adicional vai permitir a antecipação da vacinação em São Paulo. Não foi informado como será a antecipação do calendário de imunização.\n",
        "\n",
        "\"Com isso, vamos antecipar o calendário de vacinação em São Paulo, sem interferir no contrato do Butantan com o Ministério da Saúde\", explicou.\n",
        "\"\"\"\n",
        "\n",
        "eua = \"\"\"\n",
        "O governo americano deve anunciar a doação de mais uma leva de vacinas contra Covid-19 ao Brasil nos próximos 15 dias. Pessoas que participam das negociações dizem que os imunizantes serão da Janssen, de aplicação única, ou da Pfizer, que demanda duas doses —ambos foram aprovados para uso nos dois países.\n",
        "\n",
        "Negociadores afirmam que o envio deve ser feito via doação direta, mas ainda não há confirmação sobre a data e quantidade específica de doses que chegarão ao Brasil. Se for confirmada nos termos das atuais tratativas, essa será a segunda doação direta de vacinas feita pelo governo americano aos brasileiros.\n",
        "\n",
        "Em 23 de junho, a Casa Branca anunciou o envio de 3 milhões de doses da Janssen, que já chegaram ao Brasil e começaram a ser aplicadas.\n",
        "\n",
        "No dia 4 de julho, o presidente Jair Bolsonaro enviou uma carta a Joe Biden para agradecer pelo envio das vacinas e parabenizar os americanos pelo Dia da Independência do país, comemorado naquela data.\n",
        "\n",
        "As novas vacinas devem ser despachadas saindo da Flórida, com chegada ao aeroporto de Viracopos, em Campinas (SP), com transporte feito pela companhia aérea Azul, que ofereceu o serviço ao governo brasileiro da primeira vez e poderia repetir o traslado. Caso a empresa não esteja disponível, o Brasil deve utilizar aeronaves da FAB (Força Aérea Brasileira).\n",
        "\n",
        "As primeiras 3 milhões de doses foram o maior número de vacinas mandados pelos EUA para qualquer país até agora de forma direta —ou seja, fora do escopo do Covax, iniciativa vinculada à Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) para a distribuição de imunizantes a nações em desenvolvimento.\n",
        "\n",
        "A negociação para a nova doação está sendo feita diretamente entre a Casa Branca e o governo brasileiro, que fez seu primeiro contato em busca de vacinas em março, depois do pedido de outros líderes da região, como o presidente mexicano.\n",
        "\n",
        "O Brasil também tem se apresentado como possível receptor de cerca de 20 milhões de doses que estão nos estoques americanos e devem perder a validade em setembro. Esses imunizantes seriam distribuídos via Covax, mas o consórcio avisou que não deve ter a logística necessária para a distribuição dentro deste prazo. O governo brasileiro, então, comunicou aos EUA que pode receber ao menos parte dessas 20 milhões de doses.\n",
        "\n",
        "Os americanos já anunciaram que cerca de 20 milhões de doses serão compartilhadas com países da América Latina e do Caribe nas próximas semanas, via Covax, parte do total de 80 milhões de doses prometidas por Joe Biden para diversos países do mundo.\n",
        "\n",
        "O número para a região que inclui o Brasil foi considerado baixo diante dos 438 milhões de habitantes que vivem nos países latino-americanos e caribenhos.\n",
        "\n",
        "Via Covax, o Brasil terá que dividir as doses com Argentina, Colômbia, Peru, Equador, Paraguai, Bolívia, Uruguai, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Haiti, República Dominicana, Panamá, Costa Rica e outras nações do Caribe.\n",
        "\"\"\"\n",
        "\n",
        "vereadores = \"\"\"\n",
        "Tema que tem sido investigado pela CPI no Senado, o incentivo ao uso de medicamentos sem comprovação científica para tratar da Covid-19 também entrou em cena em Câmaras de Vereadores da Grande São Paulo.\n",
        "\n",
        "Baseados em notícias falsas sobre outros municípios, parlamentares de São Bernardo do Campo, Mogi das Cruzes e Osasco fizeram propostas para cobrar das respectivas prefeituras o que chamam de “tratamento precoce” contra a doença.\n",
        "\n",
        "Medicamentos como ivermectina estão entre as solicitações dos políticos levadas às prefeituras. No entanto, não há evidência de eficácia desse tipo de remédio contra o vírus.\n",
        "\"\"\"\n",
        "\n",
        "sp38 = \"\"\"\n",
        "O prefeito de São Paulo, Ricardo Nunes (MDB), tratará em Brasília nesta terça-feira (6) da liberação da vacinação da população entre 12 e 17 anos, com foco no público com comorbidades.\n",
        "\n",
        "O assunto será um entre vários temas tratados com o governo Jair Bolsonaro (sem partido).\n",
        "\n",
        "Às 13h, Nunes e o secretário Edson Aparecido tratarão do tema com o ministro da Saúde, Marcelo Queiroga.\n",
        "\n",
        "Os adolescentes ainda não fazem parte do plano nacional de imunização. No entanto, a gestão paulistana se apoia na autorização, pela Anvisa (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária), da vacinação deste público com a Pfizer no país.\n",
        "\n",
        "Além disso, o Instituto Butantan informou que pediria autorização para aplicação da Coronavac em crianças, uma vez que o imunizante foi testado na China e se mostrou seguro.\n",
        "\n",
        "Na área da saúde, a gestão municipal também deverá tratar da habilitação de leitos para a cidade.\n",
        "\n",
        "Em uma série de agendas com ministros e autoridades, Nunes também tratará de liberação de verba para a construção do BRT (espécie de corredor de ônibus mais moderno) da avenida Aricanduva, na zona leste da capital, e também para obras de retrofit no centro da capital.\n",
        "\n",
        "Às 15h30, Nunes se encontrará com o presidente Jair Bolsonaro. O presidente da Câmara Municipal de São Paulo, Milton Leite (DEM), também participará do encontro.\n",
        "\"\"\""
      ],
      "id": "50bfcec6",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "32515dac"
      },
      "source": [
        "# Dataset selection\n",
        "dataset_en = XSumDataset(tokenizer_en, 'test', 50, 512, 100, True)"
      ],
      "id": "32515dac",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "84512eb2",
        "outputId": "e7b8bdc3-05ea-47a8-e7ae-7c277c244043"
      },
      "source": [
        "predict_from_text(sp38, model_pt, tokenizer_pt)"
      ],
      "id": "84512eb2",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
            "input length:  512\n",
            "predicted summary length:  31\n",
            "PREDICTED SUMMARY: \n",
            "Police are comeback for the first time da gestão municipal na área da vacinação do público entre 12 e 17 anos.\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "jupyter": {
          "outputs_hidden": true
        },
        "id": "844740e0",
        "outputId": "8342dbe0-4de7-47db-b9dd-f4d42877a537"
      },
      "source": [
        "predict_from_dataset(model_en, tokenizer_en)"
      ],
      "id": "844740e0",
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "name": "stdout",
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Input Text:  Sevilla, winners of the tournament in 2014 and 2015, led early on through Vitolo's close-range strike.Marlos equalised with a composed finish from 18 yards before Taras Stepanenko headed the Ukrainian side in front before half-time.But Kevin Gameiro's late penalty earned the Spaniards a draw.The French attacker showed no signs of nerves, converting confidently from the spot after Facundo Ferreyra fouled Vitolo just inside the area.The result leaves Sevilla on course for a third consecutive Europa League success, with the two away goals making them firm favourites to advance to the final in Basel.No team has won three consecutive European titles since Bayern Munich achieved the feat 40 years ago, and if Unai Emery's side progress from next Thursday's second leg in Spain, only Liverpool or Villarreal stand between them and a piece of history. The first leg of that tie ended 1-0 to Villarreal.Sevilla have not won away from home all season in La Liga and have managed just one victory on their travels in this competition, so a draw in Lviv represents a fine achievement.But their home form is excellent - they have won 14 of 18 league games at their Ramon Sanchez Pizjuan Stadium - meaning their bid to become the first team to win the Europa League three times in a row remains very much alive.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Welsh pop legend accused the BBC of sub-standard behaviour when it dropped him from the contest last year.But ITV has bought the rights to broadcast the programme from 2017 and has now invited him back.He will be joined in the big red chairs by long-serving judge Will.i.am, Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson and rock star Gavin Rossdale.Sir Tom said: I had some great times on the show and I can't wait to again discover and help some brand new talent. And of course be back with my pal Will.i.am.The 76-year-old appeared as a judge on the first four series but was not involved in the latest run.Last year, he said he was disappointed BBC executives told him with no consultation or conversation of any kind that he would not be returning.Sir Tom is known for hits including It's Not Unusual, Green Green Grass of Home, Delilah and Sex Bomb.Jennifer Hudson, who appeared on American Idol in 2004, won an Oscar for best supporting actress for Dreamgirls in 2007 and a Grammy Award in 2009.She said: I couldn't be more excited to join the amazing panel of coaches on The Voice UK.Rossdale is the frontman of rock band Bush, the former husband of singer Gwen Stefani and father of model and Strictly Come Dancing contestant Daisy Lowe.He said he was so thrilled to be joining The Voice UK after appearing as a guest on the US version of the series two years ago.He added: I have always been extremely proud to fly the flag for British rock music and I can't wait to join this incredible panel and help discover some new talent.ITV Network head of entertainment Siobhan Greene said she was absolutely chuffed to bits with the line-up.She continued: All four coaches are global artists in the music industry and are at the top of their game.Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  BHS.com will employ just 84 people, a fraction of the 11,000 who lost their jobs after efforts to find a buyer for the high-street business failed.The last of BHS's 163 department stores was closed last month.The new website, which is owned by the Qatari Al Mana Group, will go live in the UK on Thursday.We are nimble and efficient, but with a great brand, strong customer base and a proven and dedicated team, said David Anderson, the managing director of the new online operation.Mr Anderson added that the website would have a number of advantages over a typical start-up, including an iconic brand and a loyal customer base in the UK, including 1.2 million former online shoppers.BHS.com will sell roughly 75% of the items available on the former online shop, including bedroom, bathroom, cushion and lighting ranges.The new owner of BHS' online shop, Qatari conglomerate Al Mana Group, already works with a number of high-street brands, such as Zara, Mango, United Colours of Benetton and Reebok.Mr Anderson said an all-new online technology platform had been developed for BHS, so we are not inheriting any legacy systems.He said the majority of people who worked for the previous BHS online operation had been recruited for the new business.\n",
            "Input Text:  If Prime Minister Theresa May does not appear to have had a particularly good night, Ruth Davidson, the Tory leader in Scotland, certainly has.The Scottish Tories have seen double-digit increases in their vote in almost every seat. They've more than doubled their returns in some places where the party was previously unelectable.First they knocked off Angus Robertson, the SNP's deputy leader and top dog at Westminster.They had called that their Portillo moment - but their best was yet to come, as they dethroned Alex Salmond in Gordon. They even overturned the fourth-safest seat in the country, in Banff and Buchan.Other Scottish Tory gains include:It's been a long time since the Tories have had a night like this in Scotland.In four elections in a row, they returned a single MP. The year before that, 1997, they got zero. You have to go back to 1992 for the last time they won more than a single seat in Scotland.They ended up with 13 - the party's best showing north of the border since 1983.What this Tory resurgence means for the rest of the UK in terms of parliamentary calculations is unclear. The margins are razor-thin, so every seat is precious.But the Tories are resolute in what they believe it means for Scotland.Indyref2 is dead, Ms Davidson says. The prospect of a second independence referendum has been at the core of the Tory campaign, and indeed their entire revival in Scotland.The SNP have a majority of seats, and thus a triple lock mandate for that referendum, according to their manifesto - but it certainly seems a more distant prospect than ever.And while Mrs May's future might now be in doubt, Ms Davidson's star is burning more brightly than ever.\n",
            "Input Text:  The 36-year-old defender, who took up a coaching role at St James Park last year, has not featured in City's first team since the end of February.Regarding the playing, I know in my head that things are slowly coming to an end, he told BBC Sport.I'm not knocking on (manager) Paul Tisdale's door asking why I'm not playing every week, that's for sure.Butterfield has been at Exeter for three seasons, having spent eight years at Crystal Palace, where he famously scored a six-minute hat-trick against Wolves in the FA Cup in 2010.At the minute it is a little bit of an emergency style usage of myself, Butterfield added of his role within the Exeter playing squad.We've not openly discussed where we're going forward with that, I'm sure next season it'll be more coaching-based, with perhaps the registration still being held as a 'what if'.I'm enjoying what I'm doing with Tis (Tisdale) and the rest of the coaching staff and I'm certainly enjoying working with the lads on the coaching front and I hope they're enjoying working with me.I'm thankful to Tis for giving me the opportunity to use the transition into the coaching.It's a win-win for both as Tis uses me if and when and I'm alongside him every day in training and close to the boys trying to get the best out of them.\n",
            "Input Text:  The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea did, however, allow Ghana to continue developing current oilfields.These include the so called-Ten fields, part owned by UK firm Tullow Oil.Ivory Coast had asked that all drilling be suspended, but the tribunal ruled this would risk considerable financial loss to Ghana.Instead, it told the West African nation to take all necessary steps to ensure than no new drilling either by Ghana or under its control takes place in the disputed area and to refrain from granting any new permit for oil exploration and exploitation in the disputed area.The area is believed to contain large reserves of oil, which both countries are keen to exploit.Pending a ruling on the precise maritime border, the tribunal told both countries to pursue co-operation and refrain from any unilateral action that might lead to aggravating the dispute.The ruling was welcomed by Tullow Oil, which owns a large stake in the near $5bn (Â£3.3bn) Ten project, which could reportedly produce up to 80,000 barrels a day.Following this ruling, the Ten project can move ahead and we will now await instructions from the government of Ghana with regard to implementing those provisional measures that have been ordered by [the tribunal], a Tullow spokesman said.\n",
            "Input Text:  Martin McCauley was seriously wounded and a teenager was killed when police opened fire on a hayshed in County Armagh in 1982.It later emerged that the security services had secretly recorded what happened.The evidence was not made available to the court during his trial.The 52-year-old, from Lurgan, County Armagh, was arrested along with Niall Connolly and James Monaghan in Colombia in 2001 and accused of IRA training of rebel FARC guerrilla forces.They were initially cleared of the charge, only to be convicted on appeal and sentenced to 17 years in jail.But the three men avoided imprisonment by fleeing Colombia in 2004, turning up in the Republic of Ireland a year later.Even though Mr McCauley faces extradition to South America if he returns to Northern Ireland, the Court of Appeal in Belfast is examining a weapons conviction for which he received a two-year suspended jail sentence.Police claimed Martin McCauley confronted them with a rifle at a hayshed 32 years ago during the so-called RUC shoot to kill incident.He was seriously injured and Michael Tighe was killed when RUC officers opened fire.In 1985, Martin McCauley was convicted of possession of three rifles found inside the shed and given a two-year suspended sentence.He had insisted he and Michael Tighe, had not been armed and that the police opened fire without warning.The police told the court that was not true.Years after his conviction, it was revealed that MI5 had a listening device hidden inside the hayshed at the time of the shooting that recorded what happened.That recording could have re-established whether the police issued any warnings or made any reference to Mr McCauley being armed before they opened fire.The existence of the recording was not made known to the court at the time of his trial.Its existence was discovered by the former Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police, Sir John Stalker, as part of his investigation into allegations that the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was operating a shoot to kill policy.He also discovered that the recording was later destroyed.Last year, the Criminal Cases Review Commission referred his case to the Court of Appeal, on the basis that potentially significant material had been withheld from the judge.In a dramatic development on Wednesday, Gerald Simpson QC told the court he had been instructed to read a statement on behalf of the prosecution service.It said material relevant to the decision to prosecute Mr McCauley was withheld from the director of public prosecutions at the time, from the court and from the defence in the trial.The statement said this served only to undermine public confidence in the criminal justice system and to bring it into disrepute.The lawyer told the three Appeal Court judges that the prosecution service would not be making any submissions to uphold the conviction and invited them to exercise their discretion to quash it.The judges will sit next week to decide whether to do so.Mr McCauley's lawyers will argue that the conviction should be quashed on the basis that vital evidence was not available to the trial judge.The contents of John Stalker's investigation into the incident have never been made public.The lawyers hope that will change during next week's hearing.Mr McCauley was tried in public, and he was convicted in public and it's his fundamental right that these documents be opened in the public court, so that he and the general public are aware of what actually occurred, Mr McCauley's lawyer, Fearghal Shiels, said.Mr McCauley was not in court to hear the prosecution statement on Wednesday as he faces extradition to south America if he returns to Northern Ireland.\n",
            "Input Text:  The proposals mean charges would be placed on 625 spaces in the area and restrictions placed on a further 741.Reading Borough Council has spent four years designing the scheme to relieve parking pressures at the hospital and to make parking easier for residents.The petition, set up by hospital staff, describes the scheme as problematic.The online petition opposes the introduction of pay and display meters for Addington Road, Erleigh Road and other roads around the hospital in Reading.Clare Goulbourn-Lay, a Royal Berkshire Hospital midwife, set up the petition to express her concerns about the potential consequences of the scheme.By making changes to this road, you're not just making it difficult for the staff, you're making it difficult for the patients and pushing the problem further out, she said.With the university so close as well, there simply isn't enough parking space as it is. To add another restriction is just silly.She has called for the scheme to be cancelled or redesigned to help make spending time with loved ones easier and to limit the stress and anxiety of staff and patients.John Sharpe, who lives on Erleigh Road, has called the plans divisive and said he is concerned the restrictions will make parking pressures worse.I'm scared it will become impossible to live in the area, he added.Reading Borough Council said up to five years of public consultation had taken place on the principle of prioritising parking for residents in the area and that further public input on the plans are being sought.Residents have until 13 June to submit their views to the council.\n",
            "Input Text:  Fast forward about 20 years, and it's fair to say he has done just that.The business he runs, Frasers Hospitality, is one of the world's biggest providers of high-end serviced apartments. Its 148 properties span about 80 capital cities, as well as financial hubs across Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.But it almost didn't get off the ground.When Mr Choe was appointed to launch and lead the company, Asia was booming; the tiger economies of Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore were expanding rapidly.But as Frasers prepared to open its first two properties in Singapore, the Asian financial crisis hit.It was 1997. Currencies went into freefall. Suddenly, people were losing their jobs and stopped travelling.Mr Choe recalls asking staff if they really wanted to continue working with the firm, because when the properties opened they might not get paid.It was really that serious, he says. I remember tearing up because they said 'let's open it, let's open it whether you can pay us or not'.Survival, Mr Choe admits, came through a bit of luck, and the misfortune of others.He had convinced the board at parent firm, property group Frasers Centrepoint, to open serviced apartments rather than hotels - partly because getting planning permission in Singapore was easier.But he also sensed it was a big, untapped market. And at the time of the crisis, it proved to be exactly what customers wanted.As we were going through this difficult patch, there were protests and riots in Jakarta, he says. A lot of companies like Microsoft called up looking for rooms for their staff because they were moving out of Jakarta.Frasers' 412 apartments were quickly in demand. Occupancy soon hit 70%, and then 90%.Explaining the popularity of serviced apartments, Mr Choe says that if people are staying somewhere for just a few days, they happily stay in hotels, but if they are going to be somewhere for one month to eight months, the walls of hotel rooms close in on you.But now, Mr Choe, 57, faces new challenges - the travel tastes of millennials and the disruptive nature of Airbnb.The way to tackle Airbnb is not to ignore it. I will never underestimate Airbnb, he says.There's been no significant impact on Frasers yet. Big corporations still prefer to put employees in big service apartments, he says, because they can guarantee a level of safety and security. But that is likely to change, Mr Choe admits.I have two daughters who to my chagrin use Airbnb, he says. We took a family trip to Florence and I stayed in this wonderful boutique hotel, but paid a bundle for it.When my daughter joined us, she said, 'I'm just staying next door and paying about 80 euros'. We paid about 330 euros.I asked why they stayed at Airbnb. They say 'it's like a surprise, it's part of the adventure'.And so now, Mr Choe wants to bring some of that vibrancy to Frasers.While neutral colours, beige curtains and dark wooden chairs dominate its more traditional apartments, many customers want something different, and this is shaping Fraser's strategy.In 2015 it bought Malmaison Hotel du Vin, a UK hotel group that specialises in developing heritage properties into upscale boutique hotels.That has taken them beyond financial centres, including to Shakespeare's hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon. Or, an intrepid traveller with $500 (Â£325) to spend could have a night in a converted medieval prison in Oxford.And Frasers has launched the Capri sub-brand - whose website promises inspiring art and inspirational tech.On a day-to-day basis Mr Choe says he still draws on his experience as a young man, who - having been given a scholarship by the Shangri-La hotel group to study at Cornell University in the US - came back to Asia to learn about the hospitality industry.They put me in every department conceivable. I remember one of the toughest jobs I had was in the butchery. I had to carve an entire cow. For one month, I could not eat meat.I'm thankful for those experiences. When you step into a hotel, you immediately pick up what works and what doesn't work.When I see the check-in staff walking more than three steps, I know the counter is set up wrong.It's like a cockpit. Can you imagine if the pilot had to turn around when he flies?More The Boss features, which every week profile a different business leader from around the world:The 'diva of divorce' for the world's super richThe snacks boss with an appetite for successTaking his own path: The world's leading maze designerMr Choe adds that loyalty is very important to him, and he remains tremendously grateful to staff who have stayed with him.I will always respect and remember those who gave up their jobs to join me, he says.This loyalty is something that Mr Choe has earned, according to Donald MacLaurin, associate professor at Singapore Institute of Technology, and specialist in the hospitality sector.Mr MacLaurin points out that Mr Choe introduced a five-day working week, in a part of the world where six days is common, thereby showing a focus on quality of life issues for employees.The associate professor adds says the early success of the business was remarkable given the timing of its launch.Fast forward to today and the company is now on track to operate 30,000 serviced apartments globally by 2019. That success, say Mr Choe's admirers, should make him something of a visionary.Follow The Boss series editor Will Smale on Twitter.\n",
            "Input Text:  GB were beaten 24-18 by Israel, 37-14 by Hungary and 46-14 by Netherlands.The men's and women's teams had their £2.92m funding to support elite athletes removed after London 2012.Although we did not make the finals, there are some great young handball players in this country, said British Handball director David Meli.Our aim now is to find a way of bringing additional funding into the association to allow us to run other teams in both male and female competitions.Netherlands won all three games to secure their place at the finals in Rio, which take place from 19 July to 2 August.\n",
            "Input Text:  A spokesman for Palm Beach Gardens police in Florida confirmed to the BBC they were investigating a fatal crash involving the Grand Slam champion.A man was taken to hospital after the accident on 9 June and died two weeks later from his injuries, he said.According to TMZ, which broke the story, police believe the seven-time Grand Slam champion was at fault.But a lawyer for Williams said it was an unfortunate accident.The man who died, Jerome Barson, was travelling with his wife who was driving their vehicle through an intersection when the accident happened.Williams' car suddenly darted into their path and was unable to clear the junction in time due to traffic jams, according to witness statements in a police report obtained by US media.Mrs Barson was also taken to hospital but survived.[Williams] is at fault for violating the right of way of [the other driver], the report said, adding that there were no other factors like drugs, alcohol or mobile phone distractions.The 37-year-old tennis star reportedly told police she did not see the couple's car and she was driving slowly.Police spokesman Major Paul Rogers said police were investigating whether the incident was connected to Mr Barson's death.Williams' lawyer Malcolm Cunningham told CNN in a statement: Ms Williams entered the intersection on a green light. The police report estimates that Ms Williams was travelling at 5mph when Mrs Barson crashed into her.Authorities did not issue Ms Williams with any citations or traffic violations. This is an unfortunate accident and Venus expresses her deepest condolences to the family who lost a loved one.Next week, Williams is due to play at Wimbledon in London, where she is seeded 10th.\n",
            "Input Text:  Leonie Granger from Gillingham, Kent, was sentenced at the Old Bailey having been found guilty of manslaughter.Her boyfriend Kyrron Jackson, 28, and his friend Nicholas Chandler, 29, were found guilty of murder and jailed for life with a minimum term of 36 years.Granger targeted Mehmet Hassan, 56, in a Mayfair casino in March last year.Judge William Kennedy described the attack as pitiless and wicked, adding: It was quite simply an act of brutality which defies reason and compassion.Granger's lawyer Orlando Pownall said she only took part in the plot as she was in love with Jackson and fell in with his desires and now deeply regretted her actions.Her head was turned by Jackson, who she loved, and to some extent by Chandler who was persuasive and superficially charming, he said.But Judge Kennedy said she had been deceitful from the outset and had lost her sense and compassion when she got involved.He added that she clearly cared more for Jackson than he cared for her.Granger, who posed under the name of Rachel, was wined and dined by the divorced father of three who boasted to friends he was not paying her to be with him, the court heard earlier.On the night he was killed, Mr Hassan had taken Granger to the upmarket Nobu restaurant before giving her Â£1,000 to gamble with at the nearby Palm Beach Casino.The two were seen kissing passionately by a poker supervisor, before leaving the casino together for Mr Hassan's flat in Islington.Granger then let Jackson and Chandler into the poker player's flat before leaving in a taxi.Both men tied up Mr Hassan with parcel tape and a neck tie before kicking and stamping him to death, the trial was told.Afterwards, while he lay dead in a pool of blood, all three were filmed on Granger's mobile phone throwing Â£50 notes around a room and even stuffing  them in their underpants.Commenting on the footage, Judge Kennedy told the three defendants: The eloquence with which it speaks about you is deafening.\n",
            "Input Text:  Reports on Wednesday suggested more than one iguana was actually filmed, with scenes then stitched together.But the BBC has said only one animal was chased by the snakes - with other iguanas only filmed for close-ups.The scene quickly went viral when it was aired last year and later won a Bafta for must-see moment.The iguana hatchling, filmed in the Galapagos, eventually got away - much to viewers' relief.The Daily Mail claimed the episode was embroiled in a fakery row after producer Elizabeth White told the Media Production Show: It wasn't the same iguana, no, and often we have to augment it with other clips.Unfortunately lizards, snakes and iguanas aren't good at 'takes'.But the BBC defended the Sir David Attenborough-fronted programme, with a spokeswoman saying: The BBC strongly refutes any suggestion that the award-winning iguana v snakes sequence was 'faked'.The final iguana chase in which one iguana escapes the snakes was - unusually for natural history filming - shot using two cameras, allowing us to follow both the individual iguana and the snakes' point of view.What was captured in the field was extraordinary animal behaviour which had never been witnessed or filmed before.She added: As is common in natural history film-making, pick-up shots were filmed separately - for example close-ups of iguana eyes - to make the story of the sequence as clear as possible for the audience.This is absolutely in keeping with the norms of natural history film-making - and absolutely in line with the BBC's editorial policy guidelines, and was a true representation of animal behaviour.Other BBC nature documentaries have previously been accused of faking footage. Frozen Planet, also fronted by Sir David, showed footage of newborn polar bear cubs in a den with their mother in 2011 - but it was filmed in an animal park, rather than in the wild.The BBC denied misleading viewers, with Sir David saying it would have spoiled the atmosphere to point out where the filming had taken place adding: It's not a falsehood and we don't keep it secret either.And then there was the Blue Planet footage shot in a lobster tank - but the BBC said this was done to protect the environment.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  The accident meant the motorway was closed, making travel to Mourneview Park impossible for the team and fans travelling from Belfast, said the Irish Football Association.A new date for the match has yet to be confirmed by Uefa.Northern Ireland have three points from their first two Group Six qualifiers.\n",
            "Input Text:  And many of those communities will have voted Labour. For years this was a party heartland which was home to big beasts like Tam Dalyell and Robin Cook. Before his death, Mr Cook had a majority of more than 13,000 - he commanded the support of more than half of the electorate.But much has changed here. The mines are closed, the economy is now focussed on some remnants of small industry, retail and elsewhere. Livingston and its surrounding towns often acts as feeders for Edinburgh.Robin Chesters is director at the Scottish Shale Industry Museum.There are still communities here who remember those days, he says, it's the parents, it's the grandparents - but in places like Livingston there have been tremendous changes in population.The Labour candidate here is a vocal supporter of Jeremy Corbyn. And she thinks the Labour leader's message is appealing to voters.I think for a long time communities like this were taken for granted the SNP had something really positive to offer - that was independence. But we've now seen the reality, she says, referring to a perceived lack of progress under the SNP Scottish government.The choice, she says, is clear: A Labour government or a Conservative government.I think that's cutting through.Some here though don't seem to mind the idea of a Conservative government all that much.The Tories here are buoyed by local election results and national opinion polls. Their candidate thinks he is in with a good chance of beating Ms Wolfson - putting the party once seen as the enemy of miners above Labour for the first time in modern history here.Damian Timson says: There are two types of Conservatives - there's this bogeyman conservative that people talk about and then there's the real conservative; the likes of myself and Ruth Davidson and everyone else and I think at last the message has got out that we're a party for everyone.But this seat was won comfortably by the SNP in 2015 - Hannah Bardell took even more of the vote that Robin Cook had back in 2005 (she won 57% of the vote  - a majority of almost 17,000).People have found that the SNP have been a strong voice for them in Livingston - I've done everything in my power to raise constituency issues on the floor of the house, she says.There has certainly been big changes in Livingston. But what West Lothian and Livingston have been very good at doing is bouncing back - and what the SNP have offered is support for the new industries.The Lib Dem candidate Charlie Dundas will be hoping he improves on his showing from 2015 - when the party won just 2.1% of the vote - losing its deposit and finishing behind UKIP.His pitch?There's only one party that is standing up for the two unions that they believe in - Livingston voted to remain in the UK back in 2014; Livingston voted to remain the EU.\n",
            "Input Text:  Kevin Patrick Dawes, 33, was abducted in 2012 as he entered Syria.US officials told the Washington Post that the Syrian government never acknowledged detaining Mr Dawes, but they believe the government or an affiliated group was holding him.The State Department said Mr Dawes was turned over to Russian authorities.The Russia government has been backing the government of President Bashar al-Assad amid a civil war, which is now in its sixth year.The Czech government, which represents US diplomatic interests in Syria, helped secure his release.State Department spokesman John Kirby said the US is working with the Czech officials to free Austin Tice and other missing or detained Americans in Syria.Mr Tice, a journalist, disappeared in August 2012 while working in Syria. He appeared blindfolded in a video a month after his abduction but has not been heard from since.\n",
            "Input Text:  Fracking involves pumping water and chemicals into shale rock at pressure.The joint report from the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering say the technique is safe if firms follow best practice and rules are enforced.Exploratory fracking is being mooted in at least seven sites around the UK.The report was commissioned by the government's chief scientist, Sir John Beddington, following the decision last year to halt the UK's most advanced project, in Lancashire, after fracking caused small earth tremors.Our main conclusions are that the environmental risks of hydraulic fracturing for shale can can be safely managed provided there is best practice observed and provided it's enforced through strong regulation, said the report's chair, Prof Robert Mair from Cambridge University.The UK regulatory system is up to the job for the present very small scale exploration activities, but there would need to be strengthening of the regulators if the government decides to proceed with more shale gas extraction, particularly at the production stage, he told BBC News.The report contains 10 top-line recommendations for strengthening regulations, including:Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, involves drilling down into shale formations and fracturing the rock using explosives or hydraulic pressure.Water is pumped in containing sand particles that prop open the cracks in the shale, allowing the gas out, and a tiny amount of chemicals.In the US, concerns have been raised that the gas or the chemicals can enter drinking water supplies.However, the report concludes that gas contamination should not be a problem - the risk is very low - provided that fracking takes place at a depth of many hundreds of metres, a long way below the level of aquifers, and that the wells are properly constructed.Each well is lined with layers of steel and cement; and if this stays intact, the scientists conclude, gas leakage should not be a problem.They also say that with good management of waste water, chemical contamination should be avoided; they criticise the US practice of leaving it in open ponds, which would not be permitted in the UK.The report says the risk that fracking will generate significant seismic events is also small.The actual explosions are far too small to be noticed at the surface, said Prof Zoe Shipton from the University of Strathclyde.If the fluid moves into existing faults in the rock that are close to slipping anyway, you'll bring that slippage forward in time, she said.But the Magnitude 2.3 event in Blackpool last year - that is like a lorry going past your house - in fact the British Geological Survey can't measure below Magnitude 2 in towns because of the traffic.The European industry is in its infancy compared with the US, and governments' views on the technology are mixed.Fracking has been banned in France, but countries such as Poland are taking a strong interest.UK ministers see shale gas as a way of cheaply bridging the transition to a low-carbon fuel mix, despite calculations showing that widespread adoption without carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology would mean future UK governments missing their legally-binding greenhouse gas emission reduction targets.Prof Mair said climate impacts were outside his remit, but a detailed look at the issue should happen at some stage.The Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering believe this is an issue that needs to be addressed, he said.It's a very wide issue - energy policy, CO2 reduction, all of that needs to be looked at - and gas in general is part of that.Follow Richard            on Twitter\n",
            "Input Text:  Spurs, who are having a new £400m stadium built next to their existing home White Hart Lane, could also play next season's home Champions League games at the national stadium.They aim to move into their new 61,000-seat home before the 2018-19 season.We're a long way down the path on reaching an agreement, Dyke said.I think there's some discussion about whether they'll play their Champions League games there at Wembley next year but I don't know much about that.Tottenham's north-London rivals Arsenal hosted Champions League games at Wembley in 1998-99 and 1999-2000.Dyke also said Chelsea could play home games at Wembley in the near future.The Blues have plans to redevelop Stamford Bridge, which could leave them needing a temporary home for several seasons.I think Chelsea might come for a longer period, he told Sky Sports News HQ. Chelsea have got really exciting plans for their stadium. They're going to demolish the whole thing and build a whole new stadium on the existing site.If they came to Wembley, that would mean them coming for three years.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Labour leader said his party would invest in infrastructure but expected action on low wages and workers' rights in return, while there would also be an increase in corporation tax.He told the CBI that Labour's planned national investment bank would boost lending to small and medium-size firms.The Tories said Labour only offered spending, borrowing and taxing.Mr Corbyn told delegates at the CBI's conference he would not tell them how to run their organisations but would not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace or the boardroom.He warned of real problems in today's jobs market, citing low wages, insecure temporary contracts and the gender pay gap.For too many families in Britain increasingly insecure work means they cannot plan for their future, or how to pay the bills, mortgage or rent, he said.There are far, far too many people struggling to make ends meet.Mr Corbyn joked he and the CBI would both have been shocked if they had been told two years ago he would be addressing the conference.But he said Labour had plenty of common ground with the organisation.He vowed Labour would be on the side of the innovators, entrepreneurs and investors, saying its investment bank plans would unleash the creativity and potential of entrepreneurial Britain.He said both the Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States represented an unmistakable rejection of a political establishment and an economic system which hasn't been working for most people.It's a system that's delivered ballooning inequality along with falling or stagnating living standards for the majority.Labour says it would increase borrowing to invest in infrastructure, and Mr Corbyn urged Chancellor Philip Hammond to change course and take the bold action necessary to support our economy.He said Labour would increase investment in green technology and boost house building.Labour's settlement for business, he said, will mean some increase in corporation tax while maintaining one of the lowest rates in the world.He added: But see it as a sound investment not only in your own business's long-term future but for the common good of the country.Mr Corbyn also warned of a chaotic Brexit and said Labour would campaign for Britain to retain full access to the single market.Conservative Party chairman Sir Patrick McLoughlin said: Jeremy Corbyn has shown once again that all Labour offer is a recipe for economic ruin, while they're totally out of touch with the public's concerns on immigration as we leave the EU.Prime Minister Theresa May addressed the CBI earlier, announcing Â£2bn of annual investment in research and development by 2020 and an industrial strategy aimed at spreading economic growth across the UK.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Transforming British Tennis Together initiative aims to make the sport more accessible.Over the next 10 years, it will raise the number of covered and floodlit courts by 50%, refurbish facilities and make courts easier to book online.The LTA's Alastair Marks said: We're focused on getting the next generation of players on court and having fun.Get Inspired: LTA's £250m for better tennis accessThe governing body will invest £125m to improve existing community facilities and is hoping to source a further £125m through matched funding.Only 7% of Britain's 23,000 courts have covers and one in seven park courts have floodlights.With the new funding, the LTA aims to deliver:The initiative has been tried out on a trial basis in 10 towns and cities, including Sheffield, where £1.5m was invested and has increased the number of people playing tennis by 54% over the last three years.Marks, participation director at the LTA, added: There's never been a better time to invest in making our tennis courts the social hubs of their communities once again.Clubs and communities can register their interest in bidding for the funding here.\n",
            "Input Text:  Alongside the likes of Little Simz and Lady Leshurr, she's part of a groundswell of female voices in the male-dominated world of UK hip-hop and grime.Two years ago, the 23-year-old was studying for a degree while working 12-hour shifts in a betting shop to make ends meet.She would scribble down lyrics in her spare time as her male contemporaries - Section Boyz, Bonkaz and her cousin Stormzy - were starting to break through. Realising the job was holding her back, she packed it in and started to make her name with her savage, witty lyrics and sense of fun.Her breakthrough video, Station, was shot, without permission, at a local railway station, with Nadia dancing nonchalantly on the tracks as a train pulled in.More recently, the colourful, funky single Skwod saw the rapper take over the streets of London with a girl gang, complete with body-popping Beyonce choreography and all.She spoke to the BBC about her upbringing in Croydon, the rappers she looks up to, and why she read the dictionary as a child.For people who haven't heard you, describe what they're missing.My sound is just really bassy, hard-hitting, dancehall, hip-hop infused fun. I call it magic.And funny, too. Your lyrics have proper punchlines.Yeah, quite a few!Do you work hard on them?It varies, depending on what it is I'm creating. A lot of the time I don't even write the bars. It's all in my head, really.Apparently you used to read the dictionary as a child?That is true, yeah!What's your favourite word?Antidisestablishmentarianism. It's one of the longest words in the English language.Have you ever tried to get it into a song?I've been asked and I'm definitely working on it! It might not fit on a single cover, but it could definitely fit in a lyric.What triggered your interest in words?It was learning about synonyms that did it for me. I was like, Wow, you can use another word to mean the same thing as this word? It just went crazy from there.When did you first perform in public?Ooh… The first time I performed in public? To be fair, growing up I was always performing. It didn't have to be on a stage. It could be a family event and I would just make it about me, somehow. I would perform anywhere. Going up in a lift, on the side of a road, wherever.One of your teachers said you were the most entertaining pupil she ever had.Yeah, that was touching… And actually, I do agree.There's a fine line between entertaining and troublemaker. How often did you end up on the wrong side?Ha ha! Some days it did tip over into what some teachers would call disruptive. But I thought it was creative.What did you study at university?Music and music management. It was very helpful when signing my deal - because there were things I definitely wouldn't have had a clue about prior to taking that course.At the same time as studying, you were working at a betting shop and making music in your spare time. Did you get any sleep?Nah, barely. All my free time was up in the studio. I just had a feeling I was giving music my spare time, rather than my time. It got to a point where it felt very weird and I thought, This is all the wrong way round. I'm getting too comfortable at work and keeping music as a little side thing.I needed to give it my all to actually get the results that I wanted.Your dad was an MC too. How instrumental was he in your musical education?He played a huge part in all of this. He had quite an eclectic music taste, but there was loads of Sizzla, Buju Banton, a lot of the old-school reggae guys. That's where that part of my musical personality comes from.Who were the MCs you listened to growing up?In terms of MCs and rappers, it was definitely a lot of the hip-hop legends, like Busta, Eminem, Missy, Lil Kim. But I wasn't just inspired by MCs. I was a huge Spice Girls fan, too.Which one were you?They called me Wavey Spice! [Wavey is London slang for cool/good.]There weren't many female MCs in the UK to look up to.Well, there was Ms Dynamite. Seeing what she was able to achieve was inspiring.How do you feel about the current wave of female MCs?It's a good time and hopefully it'll continue to build.Why do you think it's happening now?Probably me! I bringing them with me!I saw a freestyle you recorded for SB:TV where you said you'd been told to get naked and wear thongs to sell records. Was that based on real experience?It's from personal experience as well as people that have told me stories. As women in this male-dominated field, we've all been approached with something along those lines at one point. It happens, but we have to be able to overcome it.I need to ask about the video to Station... I was worried you might die on the train tracks.A few people were, including my mum.How dangerous was it?It was literally by chance that we survived. There was no real planning. We didn't even get permission.Recently I found out we got the train times wrong. The train that would have been coming on the other side was actually due at the time we got off the tracks… We thought we had a good five minutes spare, but we had seconds.The other notable thing about that video, and Skwod too, is how much charisma you have. Were you always a natural in front of the camera?Yeah, basically. I'm in my element. I'm doing the thing I love and I'm being able to share that with people.This summer, you got to go to Rio for a grime showcase at the British embassy. What was that like?That was amazing. I loved Rio. Just to be part of the Olympics was extra-special, again with my squad. I look forward to going again.You'd expect the British embassy to choose something more boring, like Sting...Well, I'm actually a huge Sting fan. I wouldn't call him boring, but I get what you mean. It was definitely good to bring my sound over there.So what's your plan for 2017?It's going to be filled with a lot of music, a lot of visuals. If you thought this year was the Nadia Rose takeover, you have no idea!What's your biggest ambition?I definitely need a Grammy under me belt. One at least. At the very least. To bring a Grammy back to Croydon, how would that be, eh?Nadia Rose's debut album Highly Flammable is released on 13 January by Sony/Relentless Records.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Margaret Aspinall and Trevor Hicks campaigned for more than 20 years to secure fresh inquests into the deaths of 96 people in the disaster.Mr Hicks' daughters Sarah, 19, and Victoria, 15, and Mrs Aspinall's son James, 18, were among those who died at the FA Cup semi-final in April 1989.Mrs Aspinall, chair of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said she would accept it on behalf of the families.A jury is currently hearing the new inquests in Warrington before coroner Lord Justice Goldring.Mrs Aspinall said: It's not just about Trevor Hicks and Margaret Aspinall, it's about everybody involved in this. It's all about the people who stood by us.From the beginning, when you are fighting against everything, nearly 26 years ago, you had this stigma against you all the time, fighting against that, I feel we have turned it all around now and the stigma is going away.People are seeing now, the real people, what the genuine people are like, and the people who stood by the families and stayed with them all these years, so it's for them as well.Mr Hicks, president of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said: On a personal level, obviously I'm very flattered. I know it's a bit cheesy but I'm also a bit humbled as well.It's not just for me. As it says in the citation, it's for services to the bereaved families.It's been a hard slog. We've been accused many times of being vindictive - and lots worse than that. But we've always tried, as a family support group, to play fair.Fellow campaigner Anne Williams, who died in April 2013, was honoured with the Helen Rollason Award at the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Ceremony in 2013.Ms Williams, 60, fought for a new inquest into her son Kevin's death.Two investigations are being carried out into the aftermath of the disaster - one led by police and one headed by the Independent Police Complaints Commission.Other Merseyside & Cheshire honours include:CBEOBEMBE\n",
            "Input Text:  The alert began just after midday when police received a report of a suspicious device at the back of business premises on Dunluce Street.Officers cordoned off the scene and part of the street was closed. It reopened at about 17:30 BST.The suspect object was examined by Army bomb experts who declared it a hoax device.Chief Inspector Stephen McCauley said: Police acted quickly to keep people safe and away from the suspicious object.Many businesses and a few residents in the area were evacuated.The lives of local people have been disrupted today and I lay the blame on those who planted the hoax device. Their actions are irresponsible and show disregard for the local community.Hoax devices can be very realistic and similar in look to the real thing. Where there is a clear threat to life, police must take action to keep people safe.\n",
            "Input Text:  The public car park is just off the Upper Newtownards Road, one of the main routes into the city.Thousands of wooden pallets are now piled up where previously there were parked cars.The bonfire makers are involved in a dispute with the city council over the storing of pallets.They say the council collected pallets from the area earlier this year, agreed to store them and return them this month but failed to do so.Bonfire builder Macauley McKinney, 21, said: We had an agreement with the council that they were going to store the pallets in a safe place, and now because the agreement was broken, they've let us down.Belfast City Council is not commenting in detail on the issue, as an investigation has been called into the storing of pallets.A spokesperson said: It was agreed at a meeting of Belfast City Council's Strategic Policy and Resources Committee on Friday that an investigation and full review, led by the chief executive with independent input, would be carried out into the issue of collection and storage of bonfire material, and the future approach of bonfires across the city.The committee's decision needs to be approved at a full council meeting next week.Traditionally, bonfires are lit in many loyalist areas of Northern Ireland on the eleventh night - the eve of the Twelfth of July, an annual celebration to mark William of Orange's victory over King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.\n",
            "Input Text:  The party's economy spokesman Rhun ap Iorwerth warned steel's troubles were a canary in the mine, warning of deeper problems across a range of industries.These include basic metals, chemicals and wood.The Welsh government called on Westminster to address the impact of high energy prices on industry.The UK government has been asked to comment.Plaid said Gross Value Added (GVA) figures -  which measure the value of goods and services produced - show the so-called foundation industries in Wales have suffered a 39% decline in the five years to 2013.Mr ap Iorwerth urged the Welsh government to take action to help industries combat high energy costs.He said: Figures show that the threat to our economy runs far deeper than steel, but affects the range of industries that our economy is built upon.This includes the chemical industry, other metals, and wood products. Wales' foundation industries have witnessed a steep decline.He said UK government should also work with the EU to ensure maximum flexibility in use of procurement legislation so that they can better protect British industry.A Welsh government spokesman said: No-one has defended the steel industry more than the Welsh government.We have raised with the UK government over several years our concerns about the impact high UK energy prices are having on the competitiveness of our industries and again call on them to address this major problem.The economy minister has set-up an industry-led task group to gather examples of good procurement practices and to identify support other EU countries have provided to their steel industries.Pro Steel Engineering in Caldicot, Monmouthshire, is only three years old but has benefited from contracts in London, including the new Olympic Stadium roof in London for West Ham United and strengthening the Hammersmith fly-over.Director Richard Selby said: We're fortunate we're expanding and are hoping to start recruiting in a couple of months and we have a full order book.We've had the ability to stay agile and seizing the opportunities.But the foundation industries need a lot more support, particularly with the energy costs we have, and we need for the Welsh government and Westminster to get behind them to help them thrive.Economist Prof Calvin Jones, of Cardiff University, said the foundation industries were still important in terms of their high economic value and for being iconic.But he said Wales' growth areas had been in retail, hotels, back-office financial services and the public sector.We have to think about how they will fulfil Wales' economic destiny as we'd like to see it, he said.Of course, on current structures they can't, they simply aren't like Tata which is a company which is incredibly valuable in so many ways.A back office for a bank simply can't do the same things for Wales, no matter how many bums on seats there are in those call centres. They don't provide the same jobs or a narrative for the Welsh economy that will give us a future vision.Prof Jones said the steel industry in Wales had done relatively well to avoid the worst of the crisis so far.There have been big rounds of redundancies over the last 30 years and we've a very lean operation in Wales and geographically we're better placed than those steelworks in the north of England and Scotland.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Sunday Times says the missile veered off course during a test in June last year - weeks before the Commons voted to spend £40bn renewing Trident.Questioned by Andrew Marr, the PM refused to say four times if she had known about the test ahead of the vote.The SNP's Nicola Sturgeon called for a full disclosure of what happened.According to the Sunday Times, an unarmed Trident II D5 missile veered off in the wrong direction towards the US - instead of towards Africa - when it was launched from a British submarine off the coast of Florida.In July - days after Mrs May had become prime minister - MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of replacing Trident.During the debate, Mrs May told MPs it would be an act of gross irresponsibility for the UK to abandon its nuclear weapons.MPs backed its renewal by 472 votes to 117. However, all 52 SNP MPs voted against it - as did Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.When asked on the BBC's Andrew Marr Show whether she had known then that a misfire had happened, Mrs May said: I have absolute faith in our Trident missiles.When I made that speech in the House of Commons, what we were talking about was whether or not we should renew our Trident.She was asked a further three times - but did not answer the questions.The Ministry of Defence did not give details of the test process but said it had been a success.Scottish First Minister, Mrs Sturgeon - a long-standing opponent of Trident, whose submarines are based at Faslane, on the River Clyde - said the apparent misfire was a hugely serious issue.She tweeted: There should be full disclosure of what happened, who knew what/when, and why the House of Commons wasn't told.Meanwhile, Mr Corbyn said the reports called for a serious discussion.He told Sky News: It's a pretty catastrophic error when a missile goes in the wrong direction, and while it wasn't armed, goodness knows what the consequences of that could have been.Nia Griffith, the shadow defence secretary, said it was completely unacceptable that Mrs May had side-stepped questions.She called for the prime minister to give a full explanation to Parliament on Monday.Admiral Lord West, the Labour peer and ex-Royal Navy officer, said it was bizarre and stupid to not tell anyone about the test.The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) described reports of a misfire as a very serious failure.There's absolutely no doubt that this would have impacted on the debate in Parliament on Trident replacement, its general secretary Kate Hudson said.A statement issued by both Downing Street and the MoD said the capability and effectiveness of Trident was unquestionable.In June the Royal Navy conducted a routine, unarmed Trident missile test launch from HMS Vengeance, as part of an operation which is designed to certify the submarine and its crew.Vengeance and her crew were successfully tested and certified, allowing Vengeance to return into service. We have absolute confidence in our independent nuclear deterrent.The Sunday Times says the test fire was launched from HMS Vengeance.It says the Trident II D5 missile was intended to be fired 5,600 miles (9,012 km) to a sea target off the west coast of Africa but veered towards the US.The cause remains top secret, the paper says, but it quotes a senior naval source as saying the missile suffered an in-flight malfunction after launching out of the water.HMS Vengeance, one of the UK's four Vanguard-class submarines, returned to sea for trials in December 2015 after a £350m refit, which included the installation of new missile launch equipment and upgraded computer systems.According to the Sunday Times, it is expected that Defence Secretary Michael Fallon will be called to the Commons to answer questions from MPs.BBC defence correspondent Jonathan Beale said while the MoD has described the test as a success for the crew and the boat, it has not denied the report that the missile itself might have veered off course.In the past the MoD has issued a press release and video of successful tests but its silence on this occasion has raised questions as to whether any fault was deliberately kept quiet ahead of the key vote, our correspondent added.The Trident system was acquired by the Thatcher government in the early 1980s as a replacement for the Polaris missile system, which the UK had possessed since the 1960s.Trident came into use in the 1990s. There are three parts to it - submarines, missiles and warheads. Although each component has years of use left, they cannot last indefinitely.The current generation of four submarines would begin to end their working lives some time in the late 2020s.A guide to the Trident debate\n",
            "Input Text:  A head teachers' conference has heard claims of threats such as dead animals being left in school playgrounds.Trojan Horse has not gone away, said Sarah Hewitt-Clarkson, head of Anderton Park School in Birmingham.Responding to the claims, Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said: There is no place for extremism in our schools.The National Association of Head Teachers' annual conference in Liverpool heard warnings that problems over extremism remained unresolved and schools could still face pressure on issues such as tackling homophobia.The so-called Trojan Horse inquiries followed allegations that there were organised attempts by hardline Muslim groups to undermine head teachers and take over schools in Birmingham.Head teachers at the conference complained that no governors had been barred as a result of the inquiries and they called for a database which would identify individuals removed from governing bodies.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson told the head teachers' conference: Trojan Horse has not gone away. Those of us who were involved, we knew it was the tip of the iceberg.We still have dead animals hung on the gates of schools, dismembered cats on playgrounds. We have petitions outside schools, objecting to teachers teaching against homophobia.There were threats on social media, she said, such as Any head teacher who teaches my children it's alright to be gay will be at the end of my shotgun.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson said she knew of a school which had found a dismembered cat in the playground, while another had a dog hanging from the railings.Head teachers warned that despite the high profile reports following the Trojan Horse claims, the response had been inadequate.Alison Marshall told the conference: Despite all the evidence we have, we're faced with a situation where not one single governor implicated in the Trojan Horse scandal has been investigated or even banned. Where is the justice in that?And Ms Hewitt-Clarkson warned that the problems underlying the Trojan Horse claims could start up again.All the behaviours and things we saw before are still there. So too have promises that have been broken, she told the NAHT conference.There were particular concerns about the lack of scrutiny over the role of governors, highlighted by the Trojan Horse inquiries.Tim Gallagher told delegates the lack of regulation meant it was blindingly obvious that there would be problems with governing bodies.Many, many of our members have suffered greatly from rogue governors, he said.The conference carried a motion calling for a national register of governors who have been removed or barred so that schools and local authorities can check the suitability of governors.The BBC revealed earlier this year that there is no central record of governors held by the Department for Education, which would also show people serving as governors in multiple schools, one of the concerns raised in the Trojan Horse inquiries.Mrs Morgan, responding to the heads' warnings, said: There is no place for extremism in our schools and we continue, absolutely, to work to eliminate any form of extremism.But the Conservative education secretary said: This is a reminder that this is a serious issue and something that is not going to be solved overnight.We have taken action to remove and continue to take action to remove people from being in schools who don't follow British values.\n",
            "Input Text:  Mr Turnbull said the titles were not appropriate in modern Australia, and that Queen Elizabeth had accepted the cabinet's recommendation to drop them.Former PM Tony Abbott reintroduced knighthoods and damehoods in 2014.His controversial decision to grant Prince Philip a knighthood in January was widely seen as one of the factors which ended his term as leader.Mr Abbott at the time said Australia was honouring the Duke of Edinburgh's lifetime of service and dedication, but later said the decision was injudicious.He was ousted as leader of the centre-right Liberal Party by Mr Turnbull in September.Analysis: Jon Donnison, BBC News, SydneyThe decision to give Prince Philip a knighthood was hugely unpopular in Australia and seen as one of the biggest blunders of Tony Abbott's brief time in office.Now the new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who in 1999 led Australia's unsuccessful campaign to abandon the monarchy and become a republic, has dropped knights and dames.The prime minister will have the chance to discuss the matter with the Duke of Edinburgh's son later this month, when Prince Charles comes to Australia on a royal visit.Mr Turnbull has recently said he remains a republican but says he does not regard the issue as a priority for his government.End of 'Knightmare' poses republican questionIn a statement, Mr Turnbull said the Order of Australia awards were an important way of honouring the achievements and service of many Australians, including those unsung heroes who might not otherwise be recognised outside their local communities.But he said his cabinet had recently reviewed the system and decided that the knighthoods and damehoods were not appropriate in our modern honours system.Existing knights and dames would not be affected by the change, he said.The opposition Labor party welcomed the move, with shadow treasurer Chris Bowen describing the titles a national disgrace.But he said it was not appropriate for Australia to be clinging onto imperial Britain through our honours system.We shouldn't be celebrating the fact that knights and dames are gone, we should be lamenting the fact that they came back under this government, ABC News quoted him as saying.However, monarchist groups in Australia criticised the decision.Prominent Australian monarchist David Flint accused Mr Turnbull of trying to get revenge for the failed 1999 republic referendum, the Sydney Morning Herald reported.Mr Flint, the head of the Australians for Constitutional Monarchy organisation, said scrapping the titles means Australia can't give international recognition to its best soldiers, sportsmen and singers.Australia's honours systemCommonwealth honours systemsAlongside Prince Phillip, three people have received the honour since 2014 - former New South Wales governor Marie Bashir, former Governor-General Peter Cosgrove and the former Chief of the Defence Force Angus Houston.Australians rallied together online under the hashtag #KnightsAndDames to welcome Mr Turnbull's announcement.Many agreed that this was a step forward for Australia.Others felt there were more pressing issues to be dealt with.\n",
            "Input Text:  The crash happened at Evanton at about 17:20 on Saturday. The fire service and the air ambulance was sent to the scene.The occupants of all three vehicles were injured, but the extent of their injuries was not known, police said.A spokesman added: Inquiries are ongoing into this matter and no further witnesses are sought at this time.\n",
            "Input Text:  Media playback is not supported on this deviceThe news of Annan Athletic's 4-1 fourth-round win over Hamilton Academical was far-reaching.Omar, the son of refugees from Iraqi Kurdistan, was featured in the local press there.There's a big following there now, my uncle tells me, said the Glasgow University student.A lot of them, when they are looking out for scores, will look out for Annan Athletic now.Annan's dream ended in the fifth round though, when they lost 4-1 to Morton.For more information about how to get into football, take a look at the Get Inspired page on the sport.\n",
            "Input Text:  De Roon moved to Teesside in June 2016 for an initial £8.8m fee and played 33 Premier League games last term.The Netherlands international, 26, scored five goals in 36 league and cup games during his spell at Boro.Meanwhile, manager Garry Monk confirmed the Championship club's interest in signing Chelsea midfielder Lewis Baker.He's a target and one of many that we've had throughout the summer months, said Monk.Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.\n",
            "Input Text:  Satellite images taken on 14 February appear to show two batteries of eight missile launchers and a radar system on Woody or Yongxing Island in the Paracels.The presence of missiles would significantly increase tensions in the acrimonious South China Sea dispute.China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi said reports were a Western media invention.But Mr Wang defended the limited and necessary self-defence facilities on islands inhabited by Chinese personnel as consistent with the right for self-preservation and self-protection.... under the international law.Asked about the reports, US Secretary of State John Kerry attacked China's increased militarisation of the contested region, saying it was a serious concern.Taiwan's defence ministry said it had learned of an air defence missile system deployed by the Chinese on Woody Island.It would not say how many missiles had been deployed or when, but told the BBC they would be capable of targeting civilian and military aircraft.The commander of the US Pacific Fleet confirmed the deployment to Reuters news agency.Adm Harry Harris said such a move would be a militarisation of the South China Sea in ways China's President Xi Jinping had pledged not to make.Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said there were serious concerns over China's unilateral move to change the status quo in the region, and we cannot accept this fact.China has been carrying out extensive land reclamation work in the region, which it says is legal and for civilian purposes.But the work has angered other countries which also claim the territory, and there is growing concern about the implications of the area becoming militarised.The latest images of Woody Island were captured by ImageSat International.They show a close-up of a section of beach, the shape of which resembles the northern coastline as it appears on other images, and point out two missiles batteries. Each battery is made up of four launchers and two control vehicles.Two of the the launchers appear to have been erected, says the report.An image taken of the site on 3 February shows the beach empty.Fox News quoted a US defence official as saying the missiles appeared to be the HQ-9 air defence system, with a range of about 200km (125 miles).China's deployment of long-range surface-to-air missiles to the South China Sea is a clear escalation, but it is not a surprise.Nor is it China's first deployment of advanced military technology to Woody Island (Yongxing Dao). Last November, photos appeared on the internet of Chinese J-11 fighter jets landing on the newly-enlarged runway there.Sending the missile batteries now could be a warning to Vietnam, or a response to the US Navy, which sailed a missile destroyer past Woody Island at the end of January.So far Beijing has been careful not to put any weapons on its newly-constructed islands further south, in the Spratly group. That would be much more provocative.Last month Beijing even sent two civilian airliners to land on its newly-completed runway at Fiery Cross Reef.It was a good publicity stunt. But no one should be in any doubt that the true purpose of those new islands and their new runways is also military.The news comes as South East Asian regional leaders end a two-day meeting in California where South China Sea had been a topic of debate.US President Barack Obama said the members had discussed the need for tangible steps to reduce tensions, including a halt to further reclamation, new construction and militarization of disputed areas.Rival countries have wrangled over territory in the South China Sea for centuries, but tension has steadily increased in recent years.Its islets and waters are claimed in part or in whole by Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei.China has backed its expansive claims with island-building and naval patrols, while the US says it opposes restrictions on freedom of navigation and unlawful sovereignty claims - by all sides, but seen by many as aimed at China.The frictions have sparked concern that the area is becoming a flashpoint with global consequences.Although largely uninhabited, the Paracels and the Spratlys may have reserves of natural resources around them. There has been little detailed exploration of the area, so estimates are largely extrapolated from the mineral wealth of neighbouring areas.The sea is also a major shipping route and home to fishing grounds that supply the livelihoods of people across the region.\n"
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            "XSum Article: summarize: Sevilla, winners of the tournament in 2014 and 2015, led early on through\n",
            "Vitolo's close-range strike.Marlos equalised with a composed finish from 18 yards before Taras\n",
            "Stepanenko headed the Ukrainian side in front before half-time.But Kevin Gameiro's late penalty\n",
            "earned the Spaniards a draw.The French attacker showed no signs of nerves, converting confidently\n",
            "from the spot after Facundo Ferreyra fouled Vitolo just inside the area.The result leaves Sevilla on\n",
            "course for a third consecutive Europa League success, with the two away goals making them firm\n",
            "favourites to advance to the final in Basel.No team has won three consecutive European titles since\n",
            "Bayern Munich achieved the feat 40 years ago, and if Unai Emery's side progress from next Thursday's\n",
            "second leg in Spain, only Liverpool or Villarreal stand between them and a piece of history. The\n",
            "first leg of that tie ended 1-0 to Villarreal.Sevilla have not won away from home all season in La\n",
            "Liga and have managed just one victory on their travels in this competition, so a draw in Lviv\n",
            "represents a fine achievement.But their home form is excellent - they have won 14 of 18 league games\n",
            "at their Ramon Sanchez Pizjuan Stadium - meaning their bid to become the first team to win the\n",
            "Europa League three times in a row remains very much alive.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Holders Sevilla came from behind to earn a draw against Shakhtar Donetsk in the first leg of their Europa League semi-final in Lviv.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: Sergio Vitolo's late goal earned Sevilla a draw against Lviv in the first leg of their Europa League quarter-final.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The Welsh pop legend accused the BBC of sub-standard behaviour when it\n",
            "dropped him from the contest last year.But ITV has bought the rights to broadcast the programme from\n",
            "2017 and has now invited him back.He will be joined in the big red chairs by long-serving judge\n",
            "Will.i.am, Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson and rock star Gavin Rossdale.Sir Tom\n",
            "said: I had some great times on the show and I can't wait to again discover and help some brand new\n",
            "talent. And of course be back with my pal Will.i.am.The 76-year-old appeared as a judge on the first\n",
            "four series but was not involved in the latest run.Last year, he said he was disappointed BBC\n",
            "executives told him with no consultation or conversation of any kind that he would not be\n",
            "returning.Sir Tom is known for hits including It's Not Unusual, Green Green Grass of Home, Delilah\n",
            "and Sex Bomb.Jennifer Hudson, who appeared on American Idol in 2004, won an Oscar for best\n",
            "supporting actress for Dreamgirls in 2007 and a Grammy Award in 2009.She said: I couldn't be more\n",
            "excited to join the amazing panel of coaches on The Voice UK.Rossdale is the frontman of rock band\n",
            "Bush, the former husband of singer Gwen Stefani and father of model and Strictly Come Dancing\n",
            "contestant Daisy Lowe.He said he was so thrilled to be joining The Voice UK after appearing as a\n",
            "guest on the US version of the series two years ago.He added: I have always been extremely proud to\n",
            "fly the flag for British rock music and I can't wait to join this incredible panel and help discover\n",
            "some new talent.ITV Network head of entertainment Siobhan Greene said she was absolutely chuffed to\n",
            "bits with the line-up.She continued: All four coaches are global artists in the music industry and\n",
            "are at the top of their game.Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story\n",
            "suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Sir Tom Jones is to return as one of the judges on talent show The Voice UK when it moves to ITV next year.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: Sir Tom Waits has been invited back to The Voice UK after a year out.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: BHS.com will employ just 84 people, a fraction of the 11,000 who lost their\n",
            "jobs after efforts to find a buyer for the high-street business failed.The last of BHS's 163\n",
            "department stores was closed last month.The new website, which is owned by the Qatari Al Mana Group,\n",
            "will go live in the UK on Thursday.We are nimble and efficient, but with a great brand, strong\n",
            "customer base and a proven and dedicated team, said David Anderson, the managing director of the new\n",
            "online operation.Mr Anderson added that the website would have a number of advantages over a typical\n",
            "start-up, including an iconic brand and a loyal customer base in the UK, including 1.2 million\n",
            "former online shoppers.BHS.com will sell roughly 75% of the items available on the former online\n",
            "shop, including bedroom, bathroom, cushion and lighting ranges.The new owner of BHS' online shop,\n",
            "Qatari conglomerate Al Mana Group, already works with a number of high-street brands, such as Zara,\n",
            "Mango, United Colours of Benetton and Reebok.Mr Anderson said an all-new online technology platform\n",
            "had been developed for BHS, so we are not inheriting any legacy systems.He said the majority of\n",
            "people who worked for the previous BHS online operation had been recruited for the new business.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: The collapsed retailer BHS is to re-launch as an online shop, selling some of the most popular items previously available on its website.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: The UK's biggest department store chain, BHS, is to open a new online shop.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: If Prime Minister Theresa May does not appear to have had a particularly\n",
            "good night, Ruth Davidson, the Tory leader in Scotland, certainly has.The Scottish Tories have seen\n",
            "double-digit increases in their vote in almost every seat. They've more than doubled their returns\n",
            "in some places where the party was previously unelectable.First they knocked off Angus Robertson,\n",
            "the SNP's deputy leader and top dog at Westminster.They had called that their Portillo moment - but\n",
            "their best was yet to come, as they dethroned Alex Salmond in Gordon. They even overturned the\n",
            "fourth-safest seat in the country, in Banff and Buchan.Other Scottish Tory gains include:It's been a\n",
            "long time since the Tories have had a night like this in Scotland.In four elections in a row, they\n",
            "returned a single MP. The year before that, 1997, they got zero. You have to go back to 1992 for the\n",
            "last time they won more than a single seat in Scotland.They ended up with 13 - the party's best\n",
            "showing north of the border since 1983.What this Tory resurgence means for the rest of the UK in\n",
            "terms of parliamentary calculations is unclear. The margins are razor-thin, so every seat is\n",
            "precious.But the Tories are resolute in what they believe it means for Scotland.Indyref2 is dead, Ms\n",
            "Davidson says. The prospect of a second independence referendum has been at the core of the Tory\n",
            "campaign, and indeed their entire revival in Scotland.The SNP have a majority of seats, and thus a\n",
            "triple lock mandate for that referendum, according to their manifesto - but it certainly seems a\n",
            "more distant prospect than ever.And while Mrs May's future might now be in doubt, Ms Davidson's star\n",
            "is burning more brightly than ever.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Election night has turned out to be a night of contrasting fortunes for the Conservative and Unionist Party.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: It's been a long time since the Scottish Conservatives have had a night like this in Scotland.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The 36-year-old defender, who took up a coaching role at St James Park last\n",
            "year, has not featured in City's first team since the end of February.Regarding the playing, I know\n",
            "in my head that things are slowly coming to an end, he told BBC Sport.I'm not knocking on (manager)\n",
            "Paul Tisdale's door asking why I'm not playing every week, that's for sure.Butterfield has been at\n",
            "Exeter for three seasons, having spent eight years at Crystal Palace, where he famously scored a\n",
            "six-minute hat-trick against Wolves in the FA Cup in 2010.At the minute it is a little bit of an\n",
            "emergency style usage of myself, Butterfield added of his role within the Exeter playing squad.We've\n",
            "not openly discussed where we're going forward with that, I'm sure next season it'll be more\n",
            "coaching-based, with perhaps the registration still being held as a 'what if'.I'm enjoying what I'm\n",
            "doing with Tis (Tisdale) and the rest of the coaching staff and I'm certainly enjoying working with\n",
            "the lads on the coaching front and I hope they're enjoying working with me.I'm thankful to Tis for\n",
            "giving me the opportunity to use the transition into the coaching.It's a win-win for both as Tis\n",
            "uses me if and when and I'm alongside him every day in training and close to the boys trying to get\n",
            "the best out of them.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Exeter City player-coach Danny Butterfield says his playing career is coming to an end.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: Exeter City midfielder Chris Butterfield says he is not knocking on manager Paul Tisdale's door asking why he is not playing every week.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n"
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            "Input Text:  The proposals mean charges would be placed on 625 spaces in the area and restrictions placed on a further 741.Reading Borough Council has spent four years designing the scheme to relieve parking pressures at the hospital and to make parking easier for residents.The petition, set up by hospital staff, describes the scheme as problematic.The online petition opposes the introduction of pay and display meters for Addington Road, Erleigh Road and other roads around the hospital in Reading.Clare Goulbourn-Lay, a Royal Berkshire Hospital midwife, set up the petition to express her concerns about the potential consequences of the scheme.By making changes to this road, you're not just making it difficult for the staff, you're making it difficult for the patients and pushing the problem further out, she said.With the university so close as well, there simply isn't enough parking space as it is. To add another restriction is just silly.She has called for the scheme to be cancelled or redesigned to help make spending time with loved ones easier and to limit the stress and anxiety of staff and patients.John Sharpe, who lives on Erleigh Road, has called the plans divisive and said he is concerned the restrictions will make parking pressures worse.I'm scared it will become impossible to live in the area, he added.Reading Borough Council said up to five years of public consultation had taken place on the principle of prioritising parking for residents in the area and that further public input on the plans are being sought.Residents have until 13 June to submit their views to the council.\n",
            "Input Text:  Mr Turnbull said the titles were not appropriate in modern Australia, and that Queen Elizabeth had accepted the cabinet's recommendation to drop them.Former PM Tony Abbott reintroduced knighthoods and damehoods in 2014.His controversial decision to grant Prince Philip a knighthood in January was widely seen as one of the factors which ended his term as leader.Mr Abbott at the time said Australia was honouring the Duke of Edinburgh's lifetime of service and dedication, but later said the decision was injudicious.He was ousted as leader of the centre-right Liberal Party by Mr Turnbull in September.Analysis: Jon Donnison, BBC News, SydneyThe decision to give Prince Philip a knighthood was hugely unpopular in Australia and seen as one of the biggest blunders of Tony Abbott's brief time in office.Now the new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who in 1999 led Australia's unsuccessful campaign to abandon the monarchy and become a republic, has dropped knights and dames.The prime minister will have the chance to discuss the matter with the Duke of Edinburgh's son later this month, when Prince Charles comes to Australia on a royal visit.Mr Turnbull has recently said he remains a republican but says he does not regard the issue as a priority for his government.End of 'Knightmare' poses republican questionIn a statement, Mr Turnbull said the Order of Australia awards were an important way of honouring the achievements and service of many Australians, including those unsung heroes who might not otherwise be recognised outside their local communities.But he said his cabinet had recently reviewed the system and decided that the knighthoods and damehoods were not appropriate in our modern honours system.Existing knights and dames would not be affected by the change, he said.The opposition Labor party welcomed the move, with shadow treasurer Chris Bowen describing the titles a national disgrace.But he said it was not appropriate for Australia to be clinging onto imperial Britain through our honours system.We shouldn't be celebrating the fact that knights and dames are gone, we should be lamenting the fact that they came back under this government, ABC News quoted him as saying.However, monarchist groups in Australia criticised the decision.Prominent Australian monarchist David Flint accused Mr Turnbull of trying to get revenge for the failed 1999 republic referendum, the Sydney Morning Herald reported.Mr Flint, the head of the Australians for Constitutional Monarchy organisation, said scrapping the titles means Australia can't give international recognition to its best soldiers, sportsmen and singers.Australia's honours systemCommonwealth honours systemsAlongside Prince Phillip, three people have received the honour since 2014 - former New South Wales governor Marie Bashir, former Governor-General Peter Cosgrove and the former Chief of the Defence Force Angus Houston.Australians rallied together online under the hashtag #KnightsAndDames to welcome Mr Turnbull's announcement.Many agreed that this was a step forward for Australia.Others felt there were more pressing issues to be dealt with.\n",
            "Input Text:  The party's economy spokesman Rhun ap Iorwerth warned steel's troubles were a canary in the mine, warning of deeper problems across a range of industries.These include basic metals, chemicals and wood.The Welsh government called on Westminster to address the impact of high energy prices on industry.The UK government has been asked to comment.Plaid said Gross Value Added (GVA) figures -  which measure the value of goods and services produced - show the so-called foundation industries in Wales have suffered a 39% decline in the five years to 2013.Mr ap Iorwerth urged the Welsh government to take action to help industries combat high energy costs.He said: Figures show that the threat to our economy runs far deeper than steel, but affects the range of industries that our economy is built upon.This includes the chemical industry, other metals, and wood products. Wales' foundation industries have witnessed a steep decline.He said UK government should also work with the EU to ensure maximum flexibility in use of procurement legislation so that they can better protect British industry.A Welsh government spokesman said: No-one has defended the steel industry more than the Welsh government.We have raised with the UK government over several years our concerns about the impact high UK energy prices are having on the competitiveness of our industries and again call on them to address this major problem.The economy minister has set-up an industry-led task group to gather examples of good procurement practices and to identify support other EU countries have provided to their steel industries.Pro Steel Engineering in Caldicot, Monmouthshire, is only three years old but has benefited from contracts in London, including the new Olympic Stadium roof in London for West Ham United and strengthening the Hammersmith fly-over.Director Richard Selby said: We're fortunate we're expanding and are hoping to start recruiting in a couple of months and we have a full order book.We've had the ability to stay agile and seizing the opportunities.But the foundation industries need a lot more support, particularly with the energy costs we have, and we need for the Welsh government and Westminster to get behind them to help them thrive.Economist Prof Calvin Jones, of Cardiff University, said the foundation industries were still important in terms of their high economic value and for being iconic.But he said Wales' growth areas had been in retail, hotels, back-office financial services and the public sector.We have to think about how they will fulfil Wales' economic destiny as we'd like to see it, he said.Of course, on current structures they can't, they simply aren't like Tata which is a company which is incredibly valuable in so many ways.A back office for a bank simply can't do the same things for Wales, no matter how many bums on seats there are in those call centres. They don't provide the same jobs or a narrative for the Welsh economy that will give us a future vision.Prof Jones said the steel industry in Wales had done relatively well to avoid the worst of the crisis so far.There have been big rounds of redundancies over the last 30 years and we've a very lean operation in Wales and geographically we're better placed than those steelworks in the north of England and Scotland.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Sunday Times says the missile veered off course during a test in June last year - weeks before the Commons voted to spend £40bn renewing Trident.Questioned by Andrew Marr, the PM refused to say four times if she had known about the test ahead of the vote.The SNP's Nicola Sturgeon called for a full disclosure of what happened.According to the Sunday Times, an unarmed Trident II D5 missile veered off in the wrong direction towards the US - instead of towards Africa - when it was launched from a British submarine off the coast of Florida.In July - days after Mrs May had become prime minister - MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of replacing Trident.During the debate, Mrs May told MPs it would be an act of gross irresponsibility for the UK to abandon its nuclear weapons.MPs backed its renewal by 472 votes to 117. However, all 52 SNP MPs voted against it - as did Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.When asked on the BBC's Andrew Marr Show whether she had known then that a misfire had happened, Mrs May said: I have absolute faith in our Trident missiles.When I made that speech in the House of Commons, what we were talking about was whether or not we should renew our Trident.She was asked a further three times - but did not answer the questions.The Ministry of Defence did not give details of the test process but said it had been a success.Scottish First Minister, Mrs Sturgeon - a long-standing opponent of Trident, whose submarines are based at Faslane, on the River Clyde - said the apparent misfire was a hugely serious issue.She tweeted: There should be full disclosure of what happened, who knew what/when, and why the House of Commons wasn't told.Meanwhile, Mr Corbyn said the reports called for a serious discussion.He told Sky News: It's a pretty catastrophic error when a missile goes in the wrong direction, and while it wasn't armed, goodness knows what the consequences of that could have been.Nia Griffith, the shadow defence secretary, said it was completely unacceptable that Mrs May had side-stepped questions.She called for the prime minister to give a full explanation to Parliament on Monday.Admiral Lord West, the Labour peer and ex-Royal Navy officer, said it was bizarre and stupid to not tell anyone about the test.The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) described reports of a misfire as a very serious failure.There's absolutely no doubt that this would have impacted on the debate in Parliament on Trident replacement, its general secretary Kate Hudson said.A statement issued by both Downing Street and the MoD said the capability and effectiveness of Trident was unquestionable.In June the Royal Navy conducted a routine, unarmed Trident missile test launch from HMS Vengeance, as part of an operation which is designed to certify the submarine and its crew.Vengeance and her crew were successfully tested and certified, allowing Vengeance to return into service. We have absolute confidence in our independent nuclear deterrent.The Sunday Times says the test fire was launched from HMS Vengeance.It says the Trident II D5 missile was intended to be fired 5,600 miles (9,012 km) to a sea target off the west coast of Africa but veered towards the US.The cause remains top secret, the paper says, but it quotes a senior naval source as saying the missile suffered an in-flight malfunction after launching out of the water.HMS Vengeance, one of the UK's four Vanguard-class submarines, returned to sea for trials in December 2015 after a £350m refit, which included the installation of new missile launch equipment and upgraded computer systems.According to the Sunday Times, it is expected that Defence Secretary Michael Fallon will be called to the Commons to answer questions from MPs.BBC defence correspondent Jonathan Beale said while the MoD has described the test as a success for the crew and the boat, it has not denied the report that the missile itself might have veered off course.In the past the MoD has issued a press release and video of successful tests but its silence on this occasion has raised questions as to whether any fault was deliberately kept quiet ahead of the key vote, our correspondent added.The Trident system was acquired by the Thatcher government in the early 1980s as a replacement for the Polaris missile system, which the UK had possessed since the 1960s.Trident came into use in the 1990s. There are three parts to it - submarines, missiles and warheads. Although each component has years of use left, they cannot last indefinitely.The current generation of four submarines would begin to end their working lives some time in the late 2020s.A guide to the Trident debate\n",
            "Input Text:  And many of those communities will have voted Labour. For years this was a party heartland which was home to big beasts like Tam Dalyell and Robin Cook. Before his death, Mr Cook had a majority of more than 13,000 - he commanded the support of more than half of the electorate.But much has changed here. The mines are closed, the economy is now focussed on some remnants of small industry, retail and elsewhere. Livingston and its surrounding towns often acts as feeders for Edinburgh.Robin Chesters is director at the Scottish Shale Industry Museum.There are still communities here who remember those days, he says, it's the parents, it's the grandparents - but in places like Livingston there have been tremendous changes in population.The Labour candidate here is a vocal supporter of Jeremy Corbyn. And she thinks the Labour leader's message is appealing to voters.I think for a long time communities like this were taken for granted the SNP had something really positive to offer - that was independence. But we've now seen the reality, she says, referring to a perceived lack of progress under the SNP Scottish government.The choice, she says, is clear: A Labour government or a Conservative government.I think that's cutting through.Some here though don't seem to mind the idea of a Conservative government all that much.The Tories here are buoyed by local election results and national opinion polls. Their candidate thinks he is in with a good chance of beating Ms Wolfson - putting the party once seen as the enemy of miners above Labour for the first time in modern history here.Damian Timson says: There are two types of Conservatives - there's this bogeyman conservative that people talk about and then there's the real conservative; the likes of myself and Ruth Davidson and everyone else and I think at last the message has got out that we're a party for everyone.But this seat was won comfortably by the SNP in 2015 - Hannah Bardell took even more of the vote that Robin Cook had back in 2005 (she won 57% of the vote  - a majority of almost 17,000).People have found that the SNP have been a strong voice for them in Livingston - I've done everything in my power to raise constituency issues on the floor of the house, she says.There has certainly been big changes in Livingston. But what West Lothian and Livingston have been very good at doing is bouncing back - and what the SNP have offered is support for the new industries.The Lib Dem candidate Charlie Dundas will be hoping he improves on his showing from 2015 - when the party won just 2.1% of the vote - losing its deposit and finishing behind UKIP.His pitch?There's only one party that is standing up for the two unions that they believe in - Livingston voted to remain in the UK back in 2014; Livingston voted to remain the EU.\n",
            "Input Text:  BHS.com will employ just 84 people, a fraction of the 11,000 who lost their jobs after efforts to find a buyer for the high-street business failed.The last of BHS's 163 department stores was closed last month.The new website, which is owned by the Qatari Al Mana Group, will go live in the UK on Thursday.We are nimble and efficient, but with a great brand, strong customer base and a proven and dedicated team, said David Anderson, the managing director of the new online operation.Mr Anderson added that the website would have a number of advantages over a typical start-up, including an iconic brand and a loyal customer base in the UK, including 1.2 million former online shoppers.BHS.com will sell roughly 75% of the items available on the former online shop, including bedroom, bathroom, cushion and lighting ranges.The new owner of BHS' online shop, Qatari conglomerate Al Mana Group, already works with a number of high-street brands, such as Zara, Mango, United Colours of Benetton and Reebok.Mr Anderson said an all-new online technology platform had been developed for BHS, so we are not inheriting any legacy systems.He said the majority of people who worked for the previous BHS online operation had been recruited for the new business.\n",
            "Input Text:  If Prime Minister Theresa May does not appear to have had a particularly good night, Ruth Davidson, the Tory leader in Scotland, certainly has.The Scottish Tories have seen double-digit increases in their vote in almost every seat. They've more than doubled their returns in some places where the party was previously unelectable.First they knocked off Angus Robertson, the SNP's deputy leader and top dog at Westminster.They had called that their Portillo moment - but their best was yet to come, as they dethroned Alex Salmond in Gordon. They even overturned the fourth-safest seat in the country, in Banff and Buchan.Other Scottish Tory gains include:It's been a long time since the Tories have had a night like this in Scotland.In four elections in a row, they returned a single MP. The year before that, 1997, they got zero. You have to go back to 1992 for the last time they won more than a single seat in Scotland.They ended up with 13 - the party's best showing north of the border since 1983.What this Tory resurgence means for the rest of the UK in terms of parliamentary calculations is unclear. The margins are razor-thin, so every seat is precious.But the Tories are resolute in what they believe it means for Scotland.Indyref2 is dead, Ms Davidson says. The prospect of a second independence referendum has been at the core of the Tory campaign, and indeed their entire revival in Scotland.The SNP have a majority of seats, and thus a triple lock mandate for that referendum, according to their manifesto - but it certainly seems a more distant prospect than ever.And while Mrs May's future might now be in doubt, Ms Davidson's star is burning more brightly than ever.\n",
            "Input Text:  GB were beaten 24-18 by Israel, 37-14 by Hungary and 46-14 by Netherlands.The men's and women's teams had their £2.92m funding to support elite athletes removed after London 2012.Although we did not make the finals, there are some great young handball players in this country, said British Handball director David Meli.Our aim now is to find a way of bringing additional funding into the association to allow us to run other teams in both male and female competitions.Netherlands won all three games to secure their place at the finals in Rio, which take place from 19 July to 2 August.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Labour leader said his party would invest in infrastructure but expected action on low wages and workers' rights in return, while there would also be an increase in corporation tax.He told the CBI that Labour's planned national investment bank would boost lending to small and medium-size firms.The Tories said Labour only offered spending, borrowing and taxing.Mr Corbyn told delegates at the CBI's conference he would not tell them how to run their organisations but would not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace or the boardroom.He warned of real problems in today's jobs market, citing low wages, insecure temporary contracts and the gender pay gap.For too many families in Britain increasingly insecure work means they cannot plan for their future, or how to pay the bills, mortgage or rent, he said.There are far, far too many people struggling to make ends meet.Mr Corbyn joked he and the CBI would both have been shocked if they had been told two years ago he would be addressing the conference.But he said Labour had plenty of common ground with the organisation.He vowed Labour would be on the side of the innovators, entrepreneurs and investors, saying its investment bank plans would unleash the creativity and potential of entrepreneurial Britain.He said both the Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States represented an unmistakable rejection of a political establishment and an economic system which hasn't been working for most people.It's a system that's delivered ballooning inequality along with falling or stagnating living standards for the majority.Labour says it would increase borrowing to invest in infrastructure, and Mr Corbyn urged Chancellor Philip Hammond to change course and take the bold action necessary to support our economy.He said Labour would increase investment in green technology and boost house building.Labour's settlement for business, he said, will mean some increase in corporation tax while maintaining one of the lowest rates in the world.He added: But see it as a sound investment not only in your own business's long-term future but for the common good of the country.Mr Corbyn also warned of a chaotic Brexit and said Labour would campaign for Britain to retain full access to the single market.Conservative Party chairman Sir Patrick McLoughlin said: Jeremy Corbyn has shown once again that all Labour offer is a recipe for economic ruin, while they're totally out of touch with the public's concerns on immigration as we leave the EU.Prime Minister Theresa May addressed the CBI earlier, announcing Â£2bn of annual investment in research and development by 2020 and an industrial strategy aimed at spreading economic growth across the UK.\n",
            "Input Text:  Fast forward about 20 years, and it's fair to say he has done just that.The business he runs, Frasers Hospitality, is one of the world's biggest providers of high-end serviced apartments. Its 148 properties span about 80 capital cities, as well as financial hubs across Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.But it almost didn't get off the ground.When Mr Choe was appointed to launch and lead the company, Asia was booming; the tiger economies of Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore were expanding rapidly.But as Frasers prepared to open its first two properties in Singapore, the Asian financial crisis hit.It was 1997. Currencies went into freefall. Suddenly, people were losing their jobs and stopped travelling.Mr Choe recalls asking staff if they really wanted to continue working with the firm, because when the properties opened they might not get paid.It was really that serious, he says. I remember tearing up because they said 'let's open it, let's open it whether you can pay us or not'.Survival, Mr Choe admits, came through a bit of luck, and the misfortune of others.He had convinced the board at parent firm, property group Frasers Centrepoint, to open serviced apartments rather than hotels - partly because getting planning permission in Singapore was easier.But he also sensed it was a big, untapped market. And at the time of the crisis, it proved to be exactly what customers wanted.As we were going through this difficult patch, there were protests and riots in Jakarta, he says. A lot of companies like Microsoft called up looking for rooms for their staff because they were moving out of Jakarta.Frasers' 412 apartments were quickly in demand. Occupancy soon hit 70%, and then 90%.Explaining the popularity of serviced apartments, Mr Choe says that if people are staying somewhere for just a few days, they happily stay in hotels, but if they are going to be somewhere for one month to eight months, the walls of hotel rooms close in on you.But now, Mr Choe, 57, faces new challenges - the travel tastes of millennials and the disruptive nature of Airbnb.The way to tackle Airbnb is not to ignore it. I will never underestimate Airbnb, he says.There's been no significant impact on Frasers yet. Big corporations still prefer to put employees in big service apartments, he says, because they can guarantee a level of safety and security. But that is likely to change, Mr Choe admits.I have two daughters who to my chagrin use Airbnb, he says. We took a family trip to Florence and I stayed in this wonderful boutique hotel, but paid a bundle for it.When my daughter joined us, she said, 'I'm just staying next door and paying about 80 euros'. We paid about 330 euros.I asked why they stayed at Airbnb. They say 'it's like a surprise, it's part of the adventure'.And so now, Mr Choe wants to bring some of that vibrancy to Frasers.While neutral colours, beige curtains and dark wooden chairs dominate its more traditional apartments, many customers want something different, and this is shaping Fraser's strategy.In 2015 it bought Malmaison Hotel du Vin, a UK hotel group that specialises in developing heritage properties into upscale boutique hotels.That has taken them beyond financial centres, including to Shakespeare's hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon. Or, an intrepid traveller with $500 (Â£325) to spend could have a night in a converted medieval prison in Oxford.And Frasers has launched the Capri sub-brand - whose website promises inspiring art and inspirational tech.On a day-to-day basis Mr Choe says he still draws on his experience as a young man, who - having been given a scholarship by the Shangri-La hotel group to study at Cornell University in the US - came back to Asia to learn about the hospitality industry.They put me in every department conceivable. I remember one of the toughest jobs I had was in the butchery. I had to carve an entire cow. For one month, I could not eat meat.I'm thankful for those experiences. When you step into a hotel, you immediately pick up what works and what doesn't work.When I see the check-in staff walking more than three steps, I know the counter is set up wrong.It's like a cockpit. Can you imagine if the pilot had to turn around when he flies?More The Boss features, which every week profile a different business leader from around the world:The 'diva of divorce' for the world's super richThe snacks boss with an appetite for successTaking his own path: The world's leading maze designerMr Choe adds that loyalty is very important to him, and he remains tremendously grateful to staff who have stayed with him.I will always respect and remember those who gave up their jobs to join me, he says.This loyalty is something that Mr Choe has earned, according to Donald MacLaurin, associate professor at Singapore Institute of Technology, and specialist in the hospitality sector.Mr MacLaurin points out that Mr Choe introduced a five-day working week, in a part of the world where six days is common, thereby showing a focus on quality of life issues for employees.The associate professor adds says the early success of the business was remarkable given the timing of its launch.Fast forward to today and the company is now on track to operate 30,000 serviced apartments globally by 2019. That success, say Mr Choe's admirers, should make him something of a visionary.Follow The Boss series editor Will Smale on Twitter.\n",
            "Input Text:  The alert began just after midday when police received a report of a suspicious device at the back of business premises on Dunluce Street.Officers cordoned off the scene and part of the street was closed. It reopened at about 17:30 BST.The suspect object was examined by Army bomb experts who declared it a hoax device.Chief Inspector Stephen McCauley said: Police acted quickly to keep people safe and away from the suspicious object.Many businesses and a few residents in the area were evacuated.The lives of local people have been disrupted today and I lay the blame on those who planted the hoax device. Their actions are irresponsible and show disregard for the local community.Hoax devices can be very realistic and similar in look to the real thing. Where there is a clear threat to life, police must take action to keep people safe.\n",
            "Input Text:  The 36-year-old defender, who took up a coaching role at St James Park last year, has not featured in City's first team since the end of February.Regarding the playing, I know in my head that things are slowly coming to an end, he told BBC Sport.I'm not knocking on (manager) Paul Tisdale's door asking why I'm not playing every week, that's for sure.Butterfield has been at Exeter for three seasons, having spent eight years at Crystal Palace, where he famously scored a six-minute hat-trick against Wolves in the FA Cup in 2010.At the minute it is a little bit of an emergency style usage of myself, Butterfield added of his role within the Exeter playing squad.We've not openly discussed where we're going forward with that, I'm sure next season it'll be more coaching-based, with perhaps the registration still being held as a 'what if'.I'm enjoying what I'm doing with Tis (Tisdale) and the rest of the coaching staff and I'm certainly enjoying working with the lads on the coaching front and I hope they're enjoying working with me.I'm thankful to Tis for giving me the opportunity to use the transition into the coaching.It's a win-win for both as Tis uses me if and when and I'm alongside him every day in training and close to the boys trying to get the best out of them.\n",
            "Input Text:  The accident meant the motorway was closed, making travel to Mourneview Park impossible for the team and fans travelling from Belfast, said the Irish Football Association.A new date for the match has yet to be confirmed by Uefa.Northern Ireland have three points from their first two Group Six qualifiers.\n",
            "Input Text:  Kevin Patrick Dawes, 33, was abducted in 2012 as he entered Syria.US officials told the Washington Post that the Syrian government never acknowledged detaining Mr Dawes, but they believe the government or an affiliated group was holding him.The State Department said Mr Dawes was turned over to Russian authorities.The Russia government has been backing the government of President Bashar al-Assad amid a civil war, which is now in its sixth year.The Czech government, which represents US diplomatic interests in Syria, helped secure his release.State Department spokesman John Kirby said the US is working with the Czech officials to free Austin Tice and other missing or detained Americans in Syria.Mr Tice, a journalist, disappeared in August 2012 while working in Syria. He appeared blindfolded in a video a month after his abduction but has not been heard from since.\n",
            "Input Text:  Leonie Granger from Gillingham, Kent, was sentenced at the Old Bailey having been found guilty of manslaughter.Her boyfriend Kyrron Jackson, 28, and his friend Nicholas Chandler, 29, were found guilty of murder and jailed for life with a minimum term of 36 years.Granger targeted Mehmet Hassan, 56, in a Mayfair casino in March last year.Judge William Kennedy described the attack as pitiless and wicked, adding: It was quite simply an act of brutality which defies reason and compassion.Granger's lawyer Orlando Pownall said she only took part in the plot as she was in love with Jackson and fell in with his desires and now deeply regretted her actions.Her head was turned by Jackson, who she loved, and to some extent by Chandler who was persuasive and superficially charming, he said.But Judge Kennedy said she had been deceitful from the outset and had lost her sense and compassion when she got involved.He added that she clearly cared more for Jackson than he cared for her.Granger, who posed under the name of Rachel, was wined and dined by the divorced father of three who boasted to friends he was not paying her to be with him, the court heard earlier.On the night he was killed, Mr Hassan had taken Granger to the upmarket Nobu restaurant before giving her Â£1,000 to gamble with at the nearby Palm Beach Casino.The two were seen kissing passionately by a poker supervisor, before leaving the casino together for Mr Hassan's flat in Islington.Granger then let Jackson and Chandler into the poker player's flat before leaving in a taxi.Both men tied up Mr Hassan with parcel tape and a neck tie before kicking and stamping him to death, the trial was told.Afterwards, while he lay dead in a pool of blood, all three were filmed on Granger's mobile phone throwing Â£50 notes around a room and even stuffing  them in their underpants.Commenting on the footage, Judge Kennedy told the three defendants: The eloquence with which it speaks about you is deafening.\n",
            "Input Text:  Sevilla, winners of the tournament in 2014 and 2015, led early on through Vitolo's close-range strike.Marlos equalised with a composed finish from 18 yards before Taras Stepanenko headed the Ukrainian side in front before half-time.But Kevin Gameiro's late penalty earned the Spaniards a draw.The French attacker showed no signs of nerves, converting confidently from the spot after Facundo Ferreyra fouled Vitolo just inside the area.The result leaves Sevilla on course for a third consecutive Europa League success, with the two away goals making them firm favourites to advance to the final in Basel.No team has won three consecutive European titles since Bayern Munich achieved the feat 40 years ago, and if Unai Emery's side progress from next Thursday's second leg in Spain, only Liverpool or Villarreal stand between them and a piece of history. The first leg of that tie ended 1-0 to Villarreal.Sevilla have not won away from home all season in La Liga and have managed just one victory on their travels in this competition, so a draw in Lviv represents a fine achievement.But their home form is excellent - they have won 14 of 18 league games at their Ramon Sanchez Pizjuan Stadium - meaning their bid to become the first team to win the Europa League three times in a row remains very much alive.\n",
            "Input Text:  De Roon moved to Teesside in June 2016 for an initial £8.8m fee and played 33 Premier League games last term.The Netherlands international, 26, scored five goals in 36 league and cup games during his spell at Boro.Meanwhile, manager Garry Monk confirmed the Championship club's interest in signing Chelsea midfielder Lewis Baker.He's a target and one of many that we've had throughout the summer months, said Monk.Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.\n",
            "Input Text:  Satellite images taken on 14 February appear to show two batteries of eight missile launchers and a radar system on Woody or Yongxing Island in the Paracels.The presence of missiles would significantly increase tensions in the acrimonious South China Sea dispute.China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi said reports were a Western media invention.But Mr Wang defended the limited and necessary self-defence facilities on islands inhabited by Chinese personnel as consistent with the right for self-preservation and self-protection.... under the international law.Asked about the reports, US Secretary of State John Kerry attacked China's increased militarisation of the contested region, saying it was a serious concern.Taiwan's defence ministry said it had learned of an air defence missile system deployed by the Chinese on Woody Island.It would not say how many missiles had been deployed or when, but told the BBC they would be capable of targeting civilian and military aircraft.The commander of the US Pacific Fleet confirmed the deployment to Reuters news agency.Adm Harry Harris said such a move would be a militarisation of the South China Sea in ways China's President Xi Jinping had pledged not to make.Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said there were serious concerns over China's unilateral move to change the status quo in the region, and we cannot accept this fact.China has been carrying out extensive land reclamation work in the region, which it says is legal and for civilian purposes.But the work has angered other countries which also claim the territory, and there is growing concern about the implications of the area becoming militarised.The latest images of Woody Island were captured by ImageSat International.They show a close-up of a section of beach, the shape of which resembles the northern coastline as it appears on other images, and point out two missiles batteries. Each battery is made up of four launchers and two control vehicles.Two of the the launchers appear to have been erected, says the report.An image taken of the site on 3 February shows the beach empty.Fox News quoted a US defence official as saying the missiles appeared to be the HQ-9 air defence system, with a range of about 200km (125 miles).China's deployment of long-range surface-to-air missiles to the South China Sea is a clear escalation, but it is not a surprise.Nor is it China's first deployment of advanced military technology to Woody Island (Yongxing Dao). Last November, photos appeared on the internet of Chinese J-11 fighter jets landing on the newly-enlarged runway there.Sending the missile batteries now could be a warning to Vietnam, or a response to the US Navy, which sailed a missile destroyer past Woody Island at the end of January.So far Beijing has been careful not to put any weapons on its newly-constructed islands further south, in the Spratly group. That would be much more provocative.Last month Beijing even sent two civilian airliners to land on its newly-completed runway at Fiery Cross Reef.It was a good publicity stunt. But no one should be in any doubt that the true purpose of those new islands and their new runways is also military.The news comes as South East Asian regional leaders end a two-day meeting in California where South China Sea had been a topic of debate.US President Barack Obama said the members had discussed the need for tangible steps to reduce tensions, including a halt to further reclamation, new construction and militarization of disputed areas.Rival countries have wrangled over territory in the South China Sea for centuries, but tension has steadily increased in recent years.Its islets and waters are claimed in part or in whole by Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei.China has backed its expansive claims with island-building and naval patrols, while the US says it opposes restrictions on freedom of navigation and unlawful sovereignty claims - by all sides, but seen by many as aimed at China.The frictions have sparked concern that the area is becoming a flashpoint with global consequences.Although largely uninhabited, the Paracels and the Spratlys may have reserves of natural resources around them. There has been little detailed exploration of the area, so estimates are largely extrapolated from the mineral wealth of neighbouring areas.The sea is also a major shipping route and home to fishing grounds that supply the livelihoods of people across the region.\n",
            "Input Text:  The public car park is just off the Upper Newtownards Road, one of the main routes into the city.Thousands of wooden pallets are now piled up where previously there were parked cars.The bonfire makers are involved in a dispute with the city council over the storing of pallets.They say the council collected pallets from the area earlier this year, agreed to store them and return them this month but failed to do so.Bonfire builder Macauley McKinney, 21, said: We had an agreement with the council that they were going to store the pallets in a safe place, and now because the agreement was broken, they've let us down.Belfast City Council is not commenting in detail on the issue, as an investigation has been called into the storing of pallets.A spokesperson said: It was agreed at a meeting of Belfast City Council's Strategic Policy and Resources Committee on Friday that an investigation and full review, led by the chief executive with independent input, would be carried out into the issue of collection and storage of bonfire material, and the future approach of bonfires across the city.The committee's decision needs to be approved at a full council meeting next week.Traditionally, bonfires are lit in many loyalist areas of Northern Ireland on the eleventh night - the eve of the Twelfth of July, an annual celebration to mark William of Orange's victory over King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.\n",
            "Input Text:  Martin McCauley was seriously wounded and a teenager was killed when police opened fire on a hayshed in County Armagh in 1982.It later emerged that the security services had secretly recorded what happened.The evidence was not made available to the court during his trial.The 52-year-old, from Lurgan, County Armagh, was arrested along with Niall Connolly and James Monaghan in Colombia in 2001 and accused of IRA training of rebel FARC guerrilla forces.They were initially cleared of the charge, only to be convicted on appeal and sentenced to 17 years in jail.But the three men avoided imprisonment by fleeing Colombia in 2004, turning up in the Republic of Ireland a year later.Even though Mr McCauley faces extradition to South America if he returns to Northern Ireland, the Court of Appeal in Belfast is examining a weapons conviction for which he received a two-year suspended jail sentence.Police claimed Martin McCauley confronted them with a rifle at a hayshed 32 years ago during the so-called RUC shoot to kill incident.He was seriously injured and Michael Tighe was killed when RUC officers opened fire.In 1985, Martin McCauley was convicted of possession of three rifles found inside the shed and given a two-year suspended sentence.He had insisted he and Michael Tighe, had not been armed and that the police opened fire without warning.The police told the court that was not true.Years after his conviction, it was revealed that MI5 had a listening device hidden inside the hayshed at the time of the shooting that recorded what happened.That recording could have re-established whether the police issued any warnings or made any reference to Mr McCauley being armed before they opened fire.The existence of the recording was not made known to the court at the time of his trial.Its existence was discovered by the former Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police, Sir John Stalker, as part of his investigation into allegations that the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was operating a shoot to kill policy.He also discovered that the recording was later destroyed.Last year, the Criminal Cases Review Commission referred his case to the Court of Appeal, on the basis that potentially significant material had been withheld from the judge.In a dramatic development on Wednesday, Gerald Simpson QC told the court he had been instructed to read a statement on behalf of the prosecution service.It said material relevant to the decision to prosecute Mr McCauley was withheld from the director of public prosecutions at the time, from the court and from the defence in the trial.The statement said this served only to undermine public confidence in the criminal justice system and to bring it into disrepute.The lawyer told the three Appeal Court judges that the prosecution service would not be making any submissions to uphold the conviction and invited them to exercise their discretion to quash it.The judges will sit next week to decide whether to do so.Mr McCauley's lawyers will argue that the conviction should be quashed on the basis that vital evidence was not available to the trial judge.The contents of John Stalker's investigation into the incident have never been made public.The lawyers hope that will change during next week's hearing.Mr McCauley was tried in public, and he was convicted in public and it's his fundamental right that these documents be opened in the public court, so that he and the general public are aware of what actually occurred, Mr McCauley's lawyer, Fearghal Shiels, said.Mr McCauley was not in court to hear the prosecution statement on Wednesday as he faces extradition to south America if he returns to Northern Ireland.\n",
            "Input Text:  Reports on Wednesday suggested more than one iguana was actually filmed, with scenes then stitched together.But the BBC has said only one animal was chased by the snakes - with other iguanas only filmed for close-ups.The scene quickly went viral when it was aired last year and later won a Bafta for must-see moment.The iguana hatchling, filmed in the Galapagos, eventually got away - much to viewers' relief.The Daily Mail claimed the episode was embroiled in a fakery row after producer Elizabeth White told the Media Production Show: It wasn't the same iguana, no, and often we have to augment it with other clips.Unfortunately lizards, snakes and iguanas aren't good at 'takes'.But the BBC defended the Sir David Attenborough-fronted programme, with a spokeswoman saying: The BBC strongly refutes any suggestion that the award-winning iguana v snakes sequence was 'faked'.The final iguana chase in which one iguana escapes the snakes was - unusually for natural history filming - shot using two cameras, allowing us to follow both the individual iguana and the snakes' point of view.What was captured in the field was extraordinary animal behaviour which had never been witnessed or filmed before.She added: As is common in natural history film-making, pick-up shots were filmed separately - for example close-ups of iguana eyes - to make the story of the sequence as clear as possible for the audience.This is absolutely in keeping with the norms of natural history film-making - and absolutely in line with the BBC's editorial policy guidelines, and was a true representation of animal behaviour.Other BBC nature documentaries have previously been accused of faking footage. Frozen Planet, also fronted by Sir David, showed footage of newborn polar bear cubs in a den with their mother in 2011 - but it was filmed in an animal park, rather than in the wild.The BBC denied misleading viewers, with Sir David saying it would have spoiled the atmosphere to point out where the filming had taken place adding: It's not a falsehood and we don't keep it secret either.And then there was the Blue Planet footage shot in a lobster tank - but the BBC said this was done to protect the environment.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Media playback is not supported on this deviceThe news of Annan Athletic's 4-1 fourth-round win over Hamilton Academical was far-reaching.Omar, the son of refugees from Iraqi Kurdistan, was featured in the local press there.There's a big following there now, my uncle tells me, said the Glasgow University student.A lot of them, when they are looking out for scores, will look out for Annan Athletic now.Annan's dream ended in the fifth round though, when they lost 4-1 to Morton.For more information about how to get into football, take a look at the Get Inspired page on the sport.\n",
            "Input Text:  The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea did, however, allow Ghana to continue developing current oilfields.These include the so called-Ten fields, part owned by UK firm Tullow Oil.Ivory Coast had asked that all drilling be suspended, but the tribunal ruled this would risk considerable financial loss to Ghana.Instead, it told the West African nation to take all necessary steps to ensure than no new drilling either by Ghana or under its control takes place in the disputed area and to refrain from granting any new permit for oil exploration and exploitation in the disputed area.The area is believed to contain large reserves of oil, which both countries are keen to exploit.Pending a ruling on the precise maritime border, the tribunal told both countries to pursue co-operation and refrain from any unilateral action that might lead to aggravating the dispute.The ruling was welcomed by Tullow Oil, which owns a large stake in the near $5bn (Â£3.3bn) Ten project, which could reportedly produce up to 80,000 barrels a day.Following this ruling, the Ten project can move ahead and we will now await instructions from the government of Ghana with regard to implementing those provisional measures that have been ordered by [the tribunal], a Tullow spokesman said.\n",
            "Input Text:  A head teachers' conference has heard claims of threats such as dead animals being left in school playgrounds.Trojan Horse has not gone away, said Sarah Hewitt-Clarkson, head of Anderton Park School in Birmingham.Responding to the claims, Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said: There is no place for extremism in our schools.The National Association of Head Teachers' annual conference in Liverpool heard warnings that problems over extremism remained unresolved and schools could still face pressure on issues such as tackling homophobia.The so-called Trojan Horse inquiries followed allegations that there were organised attempts by hardline Muslim groups to undermine head teachers and take over schools in Birmingham.Head teachers at the conference complained that no governors had been barred as a result of the inquiries and they called for a database which would identify individuals removed from governing bodies.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson told the head teachers' conference: Trojan Horse has not gone away. Those of us who were involved, we knew it was the tip of the iceberg.We still have dead animals hung on the gates of schools, dismembered cats on playgrounds. We have petitions outside schools, objecting to teachers teaching against homophobia.There were threats on social media, she said, such as Any head teacher who teaches my children it's alright to be gay will be at the end of my shotgun.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson said she knew of a school which had found a dismembered cat in the playground, while another had a dog hanging from the railings.Head teachers warned that despite the high profile reports following the Trojan Horse claims, the response had been inadequate.Alison Marshall told the conference: Despite all the evidence we have, we're faced with a situation where not one single governor implicated in the Trojan Horse scandal has been investigated or even banned. Where is the justice in that?And Ms Hewitt-Clarkson warned that the problems underlying the Trojan Horse claims could start up again.All the behaviours and things we saw before are still there. So too have promises that have been broken, she told the NAHT conference.There were particular concerns about the lack of scrutiny over the role of governors, highlighted by the Trojan Horse inquiries.Tim Gallagher told delegates the lack of regulation meant it was blindingly obvious that there would be problems with governing bodies.Many, many of our members have suffered greatly from rogue governors, he said.The conference carried a motion calling for a national register of governors who have been removed or barred so that schools and local authorities can check the suitability of governors.The BBC revealed earlier this year that there is no central record of governors held by the Department for Education, which would also show people serving as governors in multiple schools, one of the concerns raised in the Trojan Horse inquiries.Mrs Morgan, responding to the heads' warnings, said: There is no place for extremism in our schools and we continue, absolutely, to work to eliminate any form of extremism.But the Conservative education secretary said: This is a reminder that this is a serious issue and something that is not going to be solved overnight.We have taken action to remove and continue to take action to remove people from being in schools who don't follow British values.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Welsh pop legend accused the BBC of sub-standard behaviour when it dropped him from the contest last year.But ITV has bought the rights to broadcast the programme from 2017 and has now invited him back.He will be joined in the big red chairs by long-serving judge Will.i.am, Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson and rock star Gavin Rossdale.Sir Tom said: I had some great times on the show and I can't wait to again discover and help some brand new talent. And of course be back with my pal Will.i.am.The 76-year-old appeared as a judge on the first four series but was not involved in the latest run.Last year, he said he was disappointed BBC executives told him with no consultation or conversation of any kind that he would not be returning.Sir Tom is known for hits including It's Not Unusual, Green Green Grass of Home, Delilah and Sex Bomb.Jennifer Hudson, who appeared on American Idol in 2004, won an Oscar for best supporting actress for Dreamgirls in 2007 and a Grammy Award in 2009.She said: I couldn't be more excited to join the amazing panel of coaches on The Voice UK.Rossdale is the frontman of rock band Bush, the former husband of singer Gwen Stefani and father of model and Strictly Come Dancing contestant Daisy Lowe.He said he was so thrilled to be joining The Voice UK after appearing as a guest on the US version of the series two years ago.He added: I have always been extremely proud to fly the flag for British rock music and I can't wait to join this incredible panel and help discover some new talent.ITV Network head of entertainment Siobhan Greene said she was absolutely chuffed to bits with the line-up.She continued: All four coaches are global artists in the music industry and are at the top of their game.Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Spurs, who are having a new £400m stadium built next to their existing home White Hart Lane, could also play next season's home Champions League games at the national stadium.They aim to move into their new 61,000-seat home before the 2018-19 season.We're a long way down the path on reaching an agreement, Dyke said.I think there's some discussion about whether they'll play their Champions League games there at Wembley next year but I don't know much about that.Tottenham's north-London rivals Arsenal hosted Champions League games at Wembley in 1998-99 and 1999-2000.Dyke also said Chelsea could play home games at Wembley in the near future.The Blues have plans to redevelop Stamford Bridge, which could leave them needing a temporary home for several seasons.I think Chelsea might come for a longer period, he told Sky Sports News HQ. Chelsea have got really exciting plans for their stadium. They're going to demolish the whole thing and build a whole new stadium on the existing site.If they came to Wembley, that would mean them coming for three years.\n",
            "Input Text:  A spokesman for Palm Beach Gardens police in Florida confirmed to the BBC they were investigating a fatal crash involving the Grand Slam champion.A man was taken to hospital after the accident on 9 June and died two weeks later from his injuries, he said.According to TMZ, which broke the story, police believe the seven-time Grand Slam champion was at fault.But a lawyer for Williams said it was an unfortunate accident.The man who died, Jerome Barson, was travelling with his wife who was driving their vehicle through an intersection when the accident happened.Williams' car suddenly darted into their path and was unable to clear the junction in time due to traffic jams, according to witness statements in a police report obtained by US media.Mrs Barson was also taken to hospital but survived.[Williams] is at fault for violating the right of way of [the other driver], the report said, adding that there were no other factors like drugs, alcohol or mobile phone distractions.The 37-year-old tennis star reportedly told police she did not see the couple's car and she was driving slowly.Police spokesman Major Paul Rogers said police were investigating whether the incident was connected to Mr Barson's death.Williams' lawyer Malcolm Cunningham told CNN in a statement: Ms Williams entered the intersection on a green light. The police report estimates that Ms Williams was travelling at 5mph when Mrs Barson crashed into her.Authorities did not issue Ms Williams with any citations or traffic violations. This is an unfortunate accident and Venus expresses her deepest condolences to the family who lost a loved one.Next week, Williams is due to play at Wimbledon in London, where she is seeded 10th.\n",
            "Input Text:  Margaret Aspinall and Trevor Hicks campaigned for more than 20 years to secure fresh inquests into the deaths of 96 people in the disaster.Mr Hicks' daughters Sarah, 19, and Victoria, 15, and Mrs Aspinall's son James, 18, were among those who died at the FA Cup semi-final in April 1989.Mrs Aspinall, chair of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said she would accept it on behalf of the families.A jury is currently hearing the new inquests in Warrington before coroner Lord Justice Goldring.Mrs Aspinall said: It's not just about Trevor Hicks and Margaret Aspinall, it's about everybody involved in this. It's all about the people who stood by us.From the beginning, when you are fighting against everything, nearly 26 years ago, you had this stigma against you all the time, fighting against that, I feel we have turned it all around now and the stigma is going away.People are seeing now, the real people, what the genuine people are like, and the people who stood by the families and stayed with them all these years, so it's for them as well.Mr Hicks, president of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said: On a personal level, obviously I'm very flattered. I know it's a bit cheesy but I'm also a bit humbled as well.It's not just for me. As it says in the citation, it's for services to the bereaved families.It's been a hard slog. We've been accused many times of being vindictive - and lots worse than that. But we've always tried, as a family support group, to play fair.Fellow campaigner Anne Williams, who died in April 2013, was honoured with the Helen Rollason Award at the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Ceremony in 2013.Ms Williams, 60, fought for a new inquest into her son Kevin's death.Two investigations are being carried out into the aftermath of the disaster - one led by police and one headed by the Independent Police Complaints Commission.Other Merseyside & Cheshire honours include:CBEOBEMBE\n",
            "Input Text:  Fracking involves pumping water and chemicals into shale rock at pressure.The joint report from the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering say the technique is safe if firms follow best practice and rules are enforced.Exploratory fracking is being mooted in at least seven sites around the UK.The report was commissioned by the government's chief scientist, Sir John Beddington, following the decision last year to halt the UK's most advanced project, in Lancashire, after fracking caused small earth tremors.Our main conclusions are that the environmental risks of hydraulic fracturing for shale can can be safely managed provided there is best practice observed and provided it's enforced through strong regulation, said the report's chair, Prof Robert Mair from Cambridge University.The UK regulatory system is up to the job for the present very small scale exploration activities, but there would need to be strengthening of the regulators if the government decides to proceed with more shale gas extraction, particularly at the production stage, he told BBC News.The report contains 10 top-line recommendations for strengthening regulations, including:Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, involves drilling down into shale formations and fracturing the rock using explosives or hydraulic pressure.Water is pumped in containing sand particles that prop open the cracks in the shale, allowing the gas out, and a tiny amount of chemicals.In the US, concerns have been raised that the gas or the chemicals can enter drinking water supplies.However, the report concludes that gas contamination should not be a problem - the risk is very low - provided that fracking takes place at a depth of many hundreds of metres, a long way below the level of aquifers, and that the wells are properly constructed.Each well is lined with layers of steel and cement; and if this stays intact, the scientists conclude, gas leakage should not be a problem.They also say that with good management of waste water, chemical contamination should be avoided; they criticise the US practice of leaving it in open ponds, which would not be permitted in the UK.The report says the risk that fracking will generate significant seismic events is also small.The actual explosions are far too small to be noticed at the surface, said Prof Zoe Shipton from the University of Strathclyde.If the fluid moves into existing faults in the rock that are close to slipping anyway, you'll bring that slippage forward in time, she said.But the Magnitude 2.3 event in Blackpool last year - that is like a lorry going past your house - in fact the British Geological Survey can't measure below Magnitude 2 in towns because of the traffic.The European industry is in its infancy compared with the US, and governments' views on the technology are mixed.Fracking has been banned in France, but countries such as Poland are taking a strong interest.UK ministers see shale gas as a way of cheaply bridging the transition to a low-carbon fuel mix, despite calculations showing that widespread adoption without carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology would mean future UK governments missing their legally-binding greenhouse gas emission reduction targets.Prof Mair said climate impacts were outside his remit, but a detailed look at the issue should happen at some stage.The Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering believe this is an issue that needs to be addressed, he said.It's a very wide issue - energy policy, CO2 reduction, all of that needs to be looked at - and gas in general is part of that.Follow Richard            on Twitter\n",
            "Input Text:  Alongside the likes of Little Simz and Lady Leshurr, she's part of a groundswell of female voices in the male-dominated world of UK hip-hop and grime.Two years ago, the 23-year-old was studying for a degree while working 12-hour shifts in a betting shop to make ends meet.She would scribble down lyrics in her spare time as her male contemporaries - Section Boyz, Bonkaz and her cousin Stormzy - were starting to break through. Realising the job was holding her back, she packed it in and started to make her name with her savage, witty lyrics and sense of fun.Her breakthrough video, Station, was shot, without permission, at a local railway station, with Nadia dancing nonchalantly on the tracks as a train pulled in.More recently, the colourful, funky single Skwod saw the rapper take over the streets of London with a girl gang, complete with body-popping Beyonce choreography and all.She spoke to the BBC about her upbringing in Croydon, the rappers she looks up to, and why she read the dictionary as a child.For people who haven't heard you, describe what they're missing.My sound is just really bassy, hard-hitting, dancehall, hip-hop infused fun. I call it magic.And funny, too. Your lyrics have proper punchlines.Yeah, quite a few!Do you work hard on them?It varies, depending on what it is I'm creating. A lot of the time I don't even write the bars. It's all in my head, really.Apparently you used to read the dictionary as a child?That is true, yeah!What's your favourite word?Antidisestablishmentarianism. It's one of the longest words in the English language.Have you ever tried to get it into a song?I've been asked and I'm definitely working on it! It might not fit on a single cover, but it could definitely fit in a lyric.What triggered your interest in words?It was learning about synonyms that did it for me. I was like, Wow, you can use another word to mean the same thing as this word? It just went crazy from there.When did you first perform in public?Ooh… The first time I performed in public? To be fair, growing up I was always performing. It didn't have to be on a stage. It could be a family event and I would just make it about me, somehow. I would perform anywhere. Going up in a lift, on the side of a road, wherever.One of your teachers said you were the most entertaining pupil she ever had.Yeah, that was touching… And actually, I do agree.There's a fine line between entertaining and troublemaker. How often did you end up on the wrong side?Ha ha! Some days it did tip over into what some teachers would call disruptive. But I thought it was creative.What did you study at university?Music and music management. It was very helpful when signing my deal - because there were things I definitely wouldn't have had a clue about prior to taking that course.At the same time as studying, you were working at a betting shop and making music in your spare time. Did you get any sleep?Nah, barely. All my free time was up in the studio. I just had a feeling I was giving music my spare time, rather than my time. It got to a point where it felt very weird and I thought, This is all the wrong way round. I'm getting too comfortable at work and keeping music as a little side thing.I needed to give it my all to actually get the results that I wanted.Your dad was an MC too. How instrumental was he in your musical education?He played a huge part in all of this. He had quite an eclectic music taste, but there was loads of Sizzla, Buju Banton, a lot of the old-school reggae guys. That's where that part of my musical personality comes from.Who were the MCs you listened to growing up?In terms of MCs and rappers, it was definitely a lot of the hip-hop legends, like Busta, Eminem, Missy, Lil Kim. But I wasn't just inspired by MCs. I was a huge Spice Girls fan, too.Which one were you?They called me Wavey Spice! [Wavey is London slang for cool/good.]There weren't many female MCs in the UK to look up to.Well, there was Ms Dynamite. Seeing what she was able to achieve was inspiring.How do you feel about the current wave of female MCs?It's a good time and hopefully it'll continue to build.Why do you think it's happening now?Probably me! I bringing them with me!I saw a freestyle you recorded for SB:TV where you said you'd been told to get naked and wear thongs to sell records. Was that based on real experience?It's from personal experience as well as people that have told me stories. As women in this male-dominated field, we've all been approached with something along those lines at one point. It happens, but we have to be able to overcome it.I need to ask about the video to Station... I was worried you might die on the train tracks.A few people were, including my mum.How dangerous was it?It was literally by chance that we survived. There was no real planning. We didn't even get permission.Recently I found out we got the train times wrong. The train that would have been coming on the other side was actually due at the time we got off the tracks… We thought we had a good five minutes spare, but we had seconds.The other notable thing about that video, and Skwod too, is how much charisma you have. Were you always a natural in front of the camera?Yeah, basically. I'm in my element. I'm doing the thing I love and I'm being able to share that with people.This summer, you got to go to Rio for a grime showcase at the British embassy. What was that like?That was amazing. I loved Rio. Just to be part of the Olympics was extra-special, again with my squad. I look forward to going again.You'd expect the British embassy to choose something more boring, like Sting...Well, I'm actually a huge Sting fan. I wouldn't call him boring, but I get what you mean. It was definitely good to bring my sound over there.So what's your plan for 2017?It's going to be filled with a lot of music, a lot of visuals. If you thought this year was the Nadia Rose takeover, you have no idea!What's your biggest ambition?I definitely need a Grammy under me belt. One at least. At the very least. To bring a Grammy back to Croydon, how would that be, eh?Nadia Rose's debut album Highly Flammable is released on 13 January by Sony/Relentless Records.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  The crash happened at Evanton at about 17:20 on Saturday. The fire service and the air ambulance was sent to the scene.The occupants of all three vehicles were injured, but the extent of their injuries was not known, police said.A spokesman added: Inquiries are ongoing into this matter and no further witnesses are sought at this time.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Transforming British Tennis Together initiative aims to make the sport more accessible.Over the next 10 years, it will raise the number of covered and floodlit courts by 50%, refurbish facilities and make courts easier to book online.The LTA's Alastair Marks said: We're focused on getting the next generation of players on court and having fun.Get Inspired: LTA's £250m for better tennis accessThe governing body will invest £125m to improve existing community facilities and is hoping to source a further £125m through matched funding.Only 7% of Britain's 23,000 courts have covers and one in seven park courts have floodlights.With the new funding, the LTA aims to deliver:The initiative has been tried out on a trial basis in 10 towns and cities, including Sheffield, where £1.5m was invested and has increased the number of people playing tennis by 54% over the last three years.Marks, participation director at the LTA, added: There's never been a better time to invest in making our tennis courts the social hubs of their communities once again.Clubs and communities can register their interest in bidding for the funding here.\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The proposals mean charges would be placed on 625 spaces in the area and\n",
            "restrictions placed on a further 741.Reading Borough Council has spent four years designing the\n",
            "scheme to relieve parking pressures at the hospital and to make parking easier for residents.The\n",
            "petition, set up by hospital staff, describes the scheme as problematic.The online petition opposes\n",
            "the introduction of pay and display meters for Addington Road, Erleigh Road and other roads around\n",
            "the hospital in Reading.Clare Goulbourn-Lay, a Royal Berkshire Hospital midwife, set up the petition\n",
            "to express her concerns about the potential consequences of the scheme.By making changes to this\n",
            "road, you're not just making it difficult for the staff, you're making it difficult for the patients\n",
            "and pushing the problem further out, she said.With the university so close as well, there simply\n",
            "isn't enough parking space as it is. To add another restriction is just silly.She has called for the\n",
            "scheme to be cancelled or redesigned to help make spending time with loved ones easier and to limit\n",
            "the stress and anxiety of staff and patients.John Sharpe, who lives on Erleigh Road, has called the\n",
            "plans divisive and said he is concerned the restrictions will make parking pressures worse.I'm\n",
            "scared it will become impossible to live in the area, he added.Reading Borough Council said up to\n",
            "five years of public consultation had taken place on the principle of prioritising parking for\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Plans to cut free parking on roads around the Royal Berkshire Hospital have been opposed by a petition of more than 2,300 signatures.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: A petition has been launched after plans to restrict parking pressures in Reading's Royal Berkshire Hospital.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Mr Turnbull said the titles were not appropriate in modern Australia, and\n",
            "that Queen Elizabeth had accepted the cabinet's recommendation to drop them.Former PM Tony Abbott\n",
            "reintroduced knighthoods and damehoods in 2014.His controversial decision to grant Prince Philip a\n",
            "knighthood in January was widely seen as one of the factors which ended his term as leader.Mr Abbott\n",
            "at the time said Australia was honouring the Duke of Edinburgh's lifetime of service and dedication,\n",
            "but later said the decision was injudicious.He was ousted as leader of the centre-right Liberal\n",
            "Party by Mr Turnbull in September.Analysis: Jon Donnison, BBC News, SydneyThe decision to give\n",
            "Prince Philip a knighthood was hugely unpopular in Australia and seen as one of the biggest blunders\n",
            "of Tony Abbott's brief time in office.Now the new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who in 1999 led\n",
            "Australia's unsuccessful campaign to abandon the monarchy and become a republic, has dropped knights\n",
            "and dames.The prime minister will have the chance to discuss the matter with the Duke of Edinburgh's\n",
            "son later this month, when Prince Charles comes to Australia on a royal visit.Mr Turnbull has\n",
            "recently said he remains a republican but says he does not regard the issue as a priority for his\n",
            "government.End of 'Knightmare' poses republican questionIn a statement, Mr Turnbull said the Order\n",
            "of Australia awards were an important way of honouring the achievements and service of many\n",
            "Australians, including those\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Australia will no longer appoint knights and dames under its honours system, PM Malcolm Turnbull has said.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: Australia's Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull has said the Order of Australia awards will not be honouring the Duke of Edinburgh.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The party's economy spokesman Rhun ap Iorwerth warned steel's troubles were\n",
            "a canary in the mine, warning of deeper problems across a range of industries.These include basic\n",
            "metals, chemicals and wood.The Welsh government called on Westminster to address the impact of high\n",
            "energy prices on industry.The UK government has been asked to comment.Plaid said Gross Value Added\n",
            "(GVA) figures - which measure the value of goods and services produced - show the so-called\n",
            "foundation industries in Wales have suffered a 39% decline in the five years to 2013.Mr ap Iorwerth\n",
            "urged the Welsh government to take action to help industries combat high energy costs.He said:\n",
            "Figures show that the threat to our economy runs far deeper than steel, but affects the range of\n",
            "industries that our economy is built upon.This includes the chemical industry, other metals, and\n",
            "wood products. Wales' foundation industries have witnessed a steep decline.He said UK government\n",
            "should also work with the EU to ensure maximum flexibility in use of procurement legislation so that\n",
            "they can better protect British industry.A Welsh government spokesman said: No-one has defended the\n",
            "steel industry more than the Welsh government.We have raised with the UK government over several\n",
            "years our concerns about the impact high UK energy prices are having on the competitiveness of\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: The crisis in the steel industry could signal potential problems across other core Welsh industries, Plaid Cymru has warned.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: Wales' foundation industries have witnessed a steep decline, the Welsh government has said.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The Sunday Times says the missile veered off course during a test in June\n",
            "last year - weeks before the Commons voted to spend £40bn renewing Trident.Questioned by Andrew\n",
            "Marr, the PM refused to say four times if she had known about the test ahead of the vote.The SNP's\n",
            "Nicola Sturgeon called for a full disclosure of what happened.According to the Sunday Times, an\n",
            "unarmed Trident II D5 missile veered off in the wrong direction towards the US - instead of towards\n",
            "Africa - when it was launched from a British submarine off the coast of Florida.In July - days after\n",
            "Mrs May had become prime minister - MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of replacing Trident.During\n",
            "the debate, Mrs May told MPs it would be an act of gross irresponsibility for the UK to abandon its\n",
            "nuclear weapons.MPs backed its renewal by 472 votes to 117. However, all 52 SNP MPs voted against it\n",
            "- as did Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.When asked on the BBC's Andrew Marr Show whether she had known\n",
            "then that a misfire had happened, Mrs May said: I have absolute faith in our Trident missiles.When I\n",
            "made that speech in the House of Commons, what we were talking about was whether or not we should\n",
            "renew our Trident.She was asked a further three times - but did not answer the questions.The\n",
            "Ministry of Defence did not give details of the test process but said it had been a success.Scott\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Theresa May is coming under pressure to say whether she knew about a reported misfire of the UK's nuclear weapons system before a crucial Commons vote.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: Theresa May has said she was absolute faith in the House of Commons' test process to renew its Trident missiles.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: And many of those communities will have voted Labour. For years this was a\n",
            "party heartland which was home to big beasts like Tam Dalyell and Robin Cook. Before his death, Mr\n",
            "Cook had a majority of more than 13,000 - he commanded the support of more than half of the\n",
            "electorate.But much has changed here. The mines are closed, the economy is now focussed on some\n",
            "remnants of small industry, retail and elsewhere. Livingston and its surrounding towns often acts as\n",
            "feeders for Edinburgh.Robin Chesters is director at the Scottish Shale Industry Museum.There are\n",
            "still communities here who remember those days, he says, it's the parents, it's the grandparents -\n",
            "but in places like Livingston there have been tremendous changes in population.The Labour candidate\n",
            "here is a vocal supporter of Jeremy Corbyn. And she thinks the Labour leader's message is appealing\n",
            "to voters.I think for a long time communities like this were taken for granted the SNP had something\n",
            "really positive to offer - that was independence. But we've now seen the reality, she says,\n",
            "referring to a perceived lack of progress under the SNP Scottish government.The choice, she says, is\n",
            "clear: A Labour government or a Conservative government.I think that's cutting through.Some here\n",
            "though don't seem to mind the idea of a Conservative government all that much.The Tories here are\n",
            "buoyed by local ele\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: The Five Sisters in Livingston are an imposing reminder of West Lothian's industrial past - huge mounds of discards from the old shale mines that once dominated the economy - and community life - here.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary: The Scottish government has cutting through a lack of progress in the SNP.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n"
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            "Input Text:  Fast forward about 20 years, and it's fair to say he has done just that.The business he runs, Frasers Hospitality, is one of the world's biggest providers of high-end serviced apartments. Its 148 properties span about 80 capital cities, as well as financial hubs across Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.But it almost didn't get off the ground.When Mr Choe was appointed to launch and lead the company, Asia was booming; the tiger economies of Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore were expanding rapidly.But as Frasers prepared to open its first two properties in Singapore, the Asian financial crisis hit.It was 1997. Currencies went into freefall. Suddenly, people were losing their jobs and stopped travelling.Mr Choe recalls asking staff if they really wanted to continue working with the firm, because when the properties opened they might not get paid.It was really that serious, he says. I remember tearing up because they said 'let's open it, let's open it whether you can pay us or not'.Survival, Mr Choe admits, came through a bit of luck, and the misfortune of others.He had convinced the board at parent firm, property group Frasers Centrepoint, to open serviced apartments rather than hotels - partly because getting planning permission in Singapore was easier.But he also sensed it was a big, untapped market. And at the time of the crisis, it proved to be exactly what customers wanted.As we were going through this difficult patch, there were protests and riots in Jakarta, he says. A lot of companies like Microsoft called up looking for rooms for their staff because they were moving out of Jakarta.Frasers' 412 apartments were quickly in demand. Occupancy soon hit 70%, and then 90%.Explaining the popularity of serviced apartments, Mr Choe says that if people are staying somewhere for just a few days, they happily stay in hotels, but if they are going to be somewhere for one month to eight months, the walls of hotel rooms close in on you.But now, Mr Choe, 57, faces new challenges - the travel tastes of millennials and the disruptive nature of Airbnb.The way to tackle Airbnb is not to ignore it. I will never underestimate Airbnb, he says.There's been no significant impact on Frasers yet. Big corporations still prefer to put employees in big service apartments, he says, because they can guarantee a level of safety and security. But that is likely to change, Mr Choe admits.I have two daughters who to my chagrin use Airbnb, he says. We took a family trip to Florence and I stayed in this wonderful boutique hotel, but paid a bundle for it.When my daughter joined us, she said, 'I'm just staying next door and paying about 80 euros'. We paid about 330 euros.I asked why they stayed at Airbnb. They say 'it's like a surprise, it's part of the adventure'.And so now, Mr Choe wants to bring some of that vibrancy to Frasers.While neutral colours, beige curtains and dark wooden chairs dominate its more traditional apartments, many customers want something different, and this is shaping Fraser's strategy.In 2015 it bought Malmaison Hotel du Vin, a UK hotel group that specialises in developing heritage properties into upscale boutique hotels.That has taken them beyond financial centres, including to Shakespeare's hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon. Or, an intrepid traveller with $500 (Â£325) to spend could have a night in a converted medieval prison in Oxford.And Frasers has launched the Capri sub-brand - whose website promises inspiring art and inspirational tech.On a day-to-day basis Mr Choe says he still draws on his experience as a young man, who - having been given a scholarship by the Shangri-La hotel group to study at Cornell University in the US - came back to Asia to learn about the hospitality industry.They put me in every department conceivable. I remember one of the toughest jobs I had was in the butchery. I had to carve an entire cow. For one month, I could not eat meat.I'm thankful for those experiences. When you step into a hotel, you immediately pick up what works and what doesn't work.When I see the check-in staff walking more than three steps, I know the counter is set up wrong.It's like a cockpit. Can you imagine if the pilot had to turn around when he flies?More The Boss features, which every week profile a different business leader from around the world:The 'diva of divorce' for the world's super richThe snacks boss with an appetite for successTaking his own path: The world's leading maze designerMr Choe adds that loyalty is very important to him, and he remains tremendously grateful to staff who have stayed with him.I will always respect and remember those who gave up their jobs to join me, he says.This loyalty is something that Mr Choe has earned, according to Donald MacLaurin, associate professor at Singapore Institute of Technology, and specialist in the hospitality sector.Mr MacLaurin points out that Mr Choe introduced a five-day working week, in a part of the world where six days is common, thereby showing a focus on quality of life issues for employees.The associate professor adds says the early success of the business was remarkable given the timing of its launch.Fast forward to today and the company is now on track to operate 30,000 serviced apartments globally by 2019. That success, say Mr Choe's admirers, should make him something of a visionary.Follow The Boss series editor Will Smale on Twitter.\n",
            "Input Text:  The accident meant the motorway was closed, making travel to Mourneview Park impossible for the team and fans travelling from Belfast, said the Irish Football Association.A new date for the match has yet to be confirmed by Uefa.Northern Ireland have three points from their first two Group Six qualifiers.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Sunday Times says the missile veered off course during a test in June last year - weeks before the Commons voted to spend £40bn renewing Trident.Questioned by Andrew Marr, the PM refused to say four times if she had known about the test ahead of the vote.The SNP's Nicola Sturgeon called for a full disclosure of what happened.According to the Sunday Times, an unarmed Trident II D5 missile veered off in the wrong direction towards the US - instead of towards Africa - when it was launched from a British submarine off the coast of Florida.In July - days after Mrs May had become prime minister - MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of replacing Trident.During the debate, Mrs May told MPs it would be an act of gross irresponsibility for the UK to abandon its nuclear weapons.MPs backed its renewal by 472 votes to 117. However, all 52 SNP MPs voted against it - as did Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.When asked on the BBC's Andrew Marr Show whether she had known then that a misfire had happened, Mrs May said: I have absolute faith in our Trident missiles.When I made that speech in the House of Commons, what we were talking about was whether or not we should renew our Trident.She was asked a further three times - but did not answer the questions.The Ministry of Defence did not give details of the test process but said it had been a success.Scottish First Minister, Mrs Sturgeon - a long-standing opponent of Trident, whose submarines are based at Faslane, on the River Clyde - said the apparent misfire was a hugely serious issue.She tweeted: There should be full disclosure of what happened, who knew what/when, and why the House of Commons wasn't told.Meanwhile, Mr Corbyn said the reports called for a serious discussion.He told Sky News: It's a pretty catastrophic error when a missile goes in the wrong direction, and while it wasn't armed, goodness knows what the consequences of that could have been.Nia Griffith, the shadow defence secretary, said it was completely unacceptable that Mrs May had side-stepped questions.She called for the prime minister to give a full explanation to Parliament on Monday.Admiral Lord West, the Labour peer and ex-Royal Navy officer, said it was bizarre and stupid to not tell anyone about the test.The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) described reports of a misfire as a very serious failure.There's absolutely no doubt that this would have impacted on the debate in Parliament on Trident replacement, its general secretary Kate Hudson said.A statement issued by both Downing Street and the MoD said the capability and effectiveness of Trident was unquestionable.In June the Royal Navy conducted a routine, unarmed Trident missile test launch from HMS Vengeance, as part of an operation which is designed to certify the submarine and its crew.Vengeance and her crew were successfully tested and certified, allowing Vengeance to return into service. We have absolute confidence in our independent nuclear deterrent.The Sunday Times says the test fire was launched from HMS Vengeance.It says the Trident II D5 missile was intended to be fired 5,600 miles (9,012 km) to a sea target off the west coast of Africa but veered towards the US.The cause remains top secret, the paper says, but it quotes a senior naval source as saying the missile suffered an in-flight malfunction after launching out of the water.HMS Vengeance, one of the UK's four Vanguard-class submarines, returned to sea for trials in December 2015 after a £350m refit, which included the installation of new missile launch equipment and upgraded computer systems.According to the Sunday Times, it is expected that Defence Secretary Michael Fallon will be called to the Commons to answer questions from MPs.BBC defence correspondent Jonathan Beale said while the MoD has described the test as a success for the crew and the boat, it has not denied the report that the missile itself might have veered off course.In the past the MoD has issued a press release and video of successful tests but its silence on this occasion has raised questions as to whether any fault was deliberately kept quiet ahead of the key vote, our correspondent added.The Trident system was acquired by the Thatcher government in the early 1980s as a replacement for the Polaris missile system, which the UK had possessed since the 1960s.Trident came into use in the 1990s. There are three parts to it - submarines, missiles and warheads. Although each component has years of use left, they cannot last indefinitely.The current generation of four submarines would begin to end their working lives some time in the late 2020s.A guide to the Trident debate\n",
            "Input Text:  A spokesman for Palm Beach Gardens police in Florida confirmed to the BBC they were investigating a fatal crash involving the Grand Slam champion.A man was taken to hospital after the accident on 9 June and died two weeks later from his injuries, he said.According to TMZ, which broke the story, police believe the seven-time Grand Slam champion was at fault.But a lawyer for Williams said it was an unfortunate accident.The man who died, Jerome Barson, was travelling with his wife who was driving their vehicle through an intersection when the accident happened.Williams' car suddenly darted into their path and was unable to clear the junction in time due to traffic jams, according to witness statements in a police report obtained by US media.Mrs Barson was also taken to hospital but survived.[Williams] is at fault for violating the right of way of [the other driver], the report said, adding that there were no other factors like drugs, alcohol or mobile phone distractions.The 37-year-old tennis star reportedly told police she did not see the couple's car and she was driving slowly.Police spokesman Major Paul Rogers said police were investigating whether the incident was connected to Mr Barson's death.Williams' lawyer Malcolm Cunningham told CNN in a statement: Ms Williams entered the intersection on a green light. The police report estimates that Ms Williams was travelling at 5mph when Mrs Barson crashed into her.Authorities did not issue Ms Williams with any citations or traffic violations. This is an unfortunate accident and Venus expresses her deepest condolences to the family who lost a loved one.Next week, Williams is due to play at Wimbledon in London, where she is seeded 10th.\n",
            "Input Text:  The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea did, however, allow Ghana to continue developing current oilfields.These include the so called-Ten fields, part owned by UK firm Tullow Oil.Ivory Coast had asked that all drilling be suspended, but the tribunal ruled this would risk considerable financial loss to Ghana.Instead, it told the West African nation to take all necessary steps to ensure than no new drilling either by Ghana or under its control takes place in the disputed area and to refrain from granting any new permit for oil exploration and exploitation in the disputed area.The area is believed to contain large reserves of oil, which both countries are keen to exploit.Pending a ruling on the precise maritime border, the tribunal told both countries to pursue co-operation and refrain from any unilateral action that might lead to aggravating the dispute.The ruling was welcomed by Tullow Oil, which owns a large stake in the near $5bn (Â£3.3bn) Ten project, which could reportedly produce up to 80,000 barrels a day.Following this ruling, the Ten project can move ahead and we will now await instructions from the government of Ghana with regard to implementing those provisional measures that have been ordered by [the tribunal], a Tullow spokesman said.\n",
            "Input Text:  The public car park is just off the Upper Newtownards Road, one of the main routes into the city.Thousands of wooden pallets are now piled up where previously there were parked cars.The bonfire makers are involved in a dispute with the city council over the storing of pallets.They say the council collected pallets from the area earlier this year, agreed to store them and return them this month but failed to do so.Bonfire builder Macauley McKinney, 21, said: We had an agreement with the council that they were going to store the pallets in a safe place, and now because the agreement was broken, they've let us down.Belfast City Council is not commenting in detail on the issue, as an investigation has been called into the storing of pallets.A spokesperson said: It was agreed at a meeting of Belfast City Council's Strategic Policy and Resources Committee on Friday that an investigation and full review, led by the chief executive with independent input, would be carried out into the issue of collection and storage of bonfire material, and the future approach of bonfires across the city.The committee's decision needs to be approved at a full council meeting next week.Traditionally, bonfires are lit in many loyalist areas of Northern Ireland on the eleventh night - the eve of the Twelfth of July, an annual celebration to mark William of Orange's victory over King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.\n",
            "Input Text:  Reports on Wednesday suggested more than one iguana was actually filmed, with scenes then stitched together.But the BBC has said only one animal was chased by the snakes - with other iguanas only filmed for close-ups.The scene quickly went viral when it was aired last year and later won a Bafta for must-see moment.The iguana hatchling, filmed in the Galapagos, eventually got away - much to viewers' relief.The Daily Mail claimed the episode was embroiled in a fakery row after producer Elizabeth White told the Media Production Show: It wasn't the same iguana, no, and often we have to augment it with other clips.Unfortunately lizards, snakes and iguanas aren't good at 'takes'.But the BBC defended the Sir David Attenborough-fronted programme, with a spokeswoman saying: The BBC strongly refutes any suggestion that the award-winning iguana v snakes sequence was 'faked'.The final iguana chase in which one iguana escapes the snakes was - unusually for natural history filming - shot using two cameras, allowing us to follow both the individual iguana and the snakes' point of view.What was captured in the field was extraordinary animal behaviour which had never been witnessed or filmed before.She added: As is common in natural history film-making, pick-up shots were filmed separately - for example close-ups of iguana eyes - to make the story of the sequence as clear as possible for the audience.This is absolutely in keeping with the norms of natural history film-making - and absolutely in line with the BBC's editorial policy guidelines, and was a true representation of animal behaviour.Other BBC nature documentaries have previously been accused of faking footage. Frozen Planet, also fronted by Sir David, showed footage of newborn polar bear cubs in a den with their mother in 2011 - but it was filmed in an animal park, rather than in the wild.The BBC denied misleading viewers, with Sir David saying it would have spoiled the atmosphere to point out where the filming had taken place adding: It's not a falsehood and we don't keep it secret either.And then there was the Blue Planet footage shot in a lobster tank - but the BBC said this was done to protect the environment.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Margaret Aspinall and Trevor Hicks campaigned for more than 20 years to secure fresh inquests into the deaths of 96 people in the disaster.Mr Hicks' daughters Sarah, 19, and Victoria, 15, and Mrs Aspinall's son James, 18, were among those who died at the FA Cup semi-final in April 1989.Mrs Aspinall, chair of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said she would accept it on behalf of the families.A jury is currently hearing the new inquests in Warrington before coroner Lord Justice Goldring.Mrs Aspinall said: It's not just about Trevor Hicks and Margaret Aspinall, it's about everybody involved in this. It's all about the people who stood by us.From the beginning, when you are fighting against everything, nearly 26 years ago, you had this stigma against you all the time, fighting against that, I feel we have turned it all around now and the stigma is going away.People are seeing now, the real people, what the genuine people are like, and the people who stood by the families and stayed with them all these years, so it's for them as well.Mr Hicks, president of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said: On a personal level, obviously I'm very flattered. I know it's a bit cheesy but I'm also a bit humbled as well.It's not just for me. As it says in the citation, it's for services to the bereaved families.It's been a hard slog. We've been accused many times of being vindictive - and lots worse than that. But we've always tried, as a family support group, to play fair.Fellow campaigner Anne Williams, who died in April 2013, was honoured with the Helen Rollason Award at the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Ceremony in 2013.Ms Williams, 60, fought for a new inquest into her son Kevin's death.Two investigations are being carried out into the aftermath of the disaster - one led by police and one headed by the Independent Police Complaints Commission.Other Merseyside & Cheshire honours include:CBEOBEMBE\n",
            "Input Text:  Fracking involves pumping water and chemicals into shale rock at pressure.The joint report from the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering say the technique is safe if firms follow best practice and rules are enforced.Exploratory fracking is being mooted in at least seven sites around the UK.The report was commissioned by the government's chief scientist, Sir John Beddington, following the decision last year to halt the UK's most advanced project, in Lancashire, after fracking caused small earth tremors.Our main conclusions are that the environmental risks of hydraulic fracturing for shale can can be safely managed provided there is best practice observed and provided it's enforced through strong regulation, said the report's chair, Prof Robert Mair from Cambridge University.The UK regulatory system is up to the job for the present very small scale exploration activities, but there would need to be strengthening of the regulators if the government decides to proceed with more shale gas extraction, particularly at the production stage, he told BBC News.The report contains 10 top-line recommendations for strengthening regulations, including:Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, involves drilling down into shale formations and fracturing the rock using explosives or hydraulic pressure.Water is pumped in containing sand particles that prop open the cracks in the shale, allowing the gas out, and a tiny amount of chemicals.In the US, concerns have been raised that the gas or the chemicals can enter drinking water supplies.However, the report concludes that gas contamination should not be a problem - the risk is very low - provided that fracking takes place at a depth of many hundreds of metres, a long way below the level of aquifers, and that the wells are properly constructed.Each well is lined with layers of steel and cement; and if this stays intact, the scientists conclude, gas leakage should not be a problem.They also say that with good management of waste water, chemical contamination should be avoided; they criticise the US practice of leaving it in open ponds, which would not be permitted in the UK.The report says the risk that fracking will generate significant seismic events is also small.The actual explosions are far too small to be noticed at the surface, said Prof Zoe Shipton from the University of Strathclyde.If the fluid moves into existing faults in the rock that are close to slipping anyway, you'll bring that slippage forward in time, she said.But the Magnitude 2.3 event in Blackpool last year - that is like a lorry going past your house - in fact the British Geological Survey can't measure below Magnitude 2 in towns because of the traffic.The European industry is in its infancy compared with the US, and governments' views on the technology are mixed.Fracking has been banned in France, but countries such as Poland are taking a strong interest.UK ministers see shale gas as a way of cheaply bridging the transition to a low-carbon fuel mix, despite calculations showing that widespread adoption without carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology would mean future UK governments missing their legally-binding greenhouse gas emission reduction targets.Prof Mair said climate impacts were outside his remit, but a detailed look at the issue should happen at some stage.The Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering believe this is an issue that needs to be addressed, he said.It's a very wide issue - energy policy, CO2 reduction, all of that needs to be looked at - and gas in general is part of that.Follow Richard            on Twitter\n",
            "Input Text:  Alongside the likes of Little Simz and Lady Leshurr, she's part of a groundswell of female voices in the male-dominated world of UK hip-hop and grime.Two years ago, the 23-year-old was studying for a degree while working 12-hour shifts in a betting shop to make ends meet.She would scribble down lyrics in her spare time as her male contemporaries - Section Boyz, Bonkaz and her cousin Stormzy - were starting to break through. Realising the job was holding her back, she packed it in and started to make her name with her savage, witty lyrics and sense of fun.Her breakthrough video, Station, was shot, without permission, at a local railway station, with Nadia dancing nonchalantly on the tracks as a train pulled in.More recently, the colourful, funky single Skwod saw the rapper take over the streets of London with a girl gang, complete with body-popping Beyonce choreography and all.She spoke to the BBC about her upbringing in Croydon, the rappers she looks up to, and why she read the dictionary as a child.For people who haven't heard you, describe what they're missing.My sound is just really bassy, hard-hitting, dancehall, hip-hop infused fun. I call it magic.And funny, too. Your lyrics have proper punchlines.Yeah, quite a few!Do you work hard on them?It varies, depending on what it is I'm creating. A lot of the time I don't even write the bars. It's all in my head, really.Apparently you used to read the dictionary as a child?That is true, yeah!What's your favourite word?Antidisestablishmentarianism. It's one of the longest words in the English language.Have you ever tried to get it into a song?I've been asked and I'm definitely working on it! It might not fit on a single cover, but it could definitely fit in a lyric.What triggered your interest in words?It was learning about synonyms that did it for me. I was like, Wow, you can use another word to mean the same thing as this word? It just went crazy from there.When did you first perform in public?Ooh… The first time I performed in public? To be fair, growing up I was always performing. It didn't have to be on a stage. It could be a family event and I would just make it about me, somehow. I would perform anywhere. Going up in a lift, on the side of a road, wherever.One of your teachers said you were the most entertaining pupil she ever had.Yeah, that was touching… And actually, I do agree.There's a fine line between entertaining and troublemaker. How often did you end up on the wrong side?Ha ha! Some days it did tip over into what some teachers would call disruptive. But I thought it was creative.What did you study at university?Music and music management. It was very helpful when signing my deal - because there were things I definitely wouldn't have had a clue about prior to taking that course.At the same time as studying, you were working at a betting shop and making music in your spare time. Did you get any sleep?Nah, barely. All my free time was up in the studio. I just had a feeling I was giving music my spare time, rather than my time. It got to a point where it felt very weird and I thought, This is all the wrong way round. I'm getting too comfortable at work and keeping music as a little side thing.I needed to give it my all to actually get the results that I wanted.Your dad was an MC too. How instrumental was he in your musical education?He played a huge part in all of this. He had quite an eclectic music taste, but there was loads of Sizzla, Buju Banton, a lot of the old-school reggae guys. That's where that part of my musical personality comes from.Who were the MCs you listened to growing up?In terms of MCs and rappers, it was definitely a lot of the hip-hop legends, like Busta, Eminem, Missy, Lil Kim. But I wasn't just inspired by MCs. I was a huge Spice Girls fan, too.Which one were you?They called me Wavey Spice! [Wavey is London slang for cool/good.]There weren't many female MCs in the UK to look up to.Well, there was Ms Dynamite. Seeing what she was able to achieve was inspiring.How do you feel about the current wave of female MCs?It's a good time and hopefully it'll continue to build.Why do you think it's happening now?Probably me! I bringing them with me!I saw a freestyle you recorded for SB:TV where you said you'd been told to get naked and wear thongs to sell records. Was that based on real experience?It's from personal experience as well as people that have told me stories. As women in this male-dominated field, we've all been approached with something along those lines at one point. It happens, but we have to be able to overcome it.I need to ask about the video to Station... I was worried you might die on the train tracks.A few people were, including my mum.How dangerous was it?It was literally by chance that we survived. There was no real planning. We didn't even get permission.Recently I found out we got the train times wrong. The train that would have been coming on the other side was actually due at the time we got off the tracks… We thought we had a good five minutes spare, but we had seconds.The other notable thing about that video, and Skwod too, is how much charisma you have. Were you always a natural in front of the camera?Yeah, basically. I'm in my element. I'm doing the thing I love and I'm being able to share that with people.This summer, you got to go to Rio for a grime showcase at the British embassy. What was that like?That was amazing. I loved Rio. Just to be part of the Olympics was extra-special, again with my squad. I look forward to going again.You'd expect the British embassy to choose something more boring, like Sting...Well, I'm actually a huge Sting fan. I wouldn't call him boring, but I get what you mean. It was definitely good to bring my sound over there.So what's your plan for 2017?It's going to be filled with a lot of music, a lot of visuals. If you thought this year was the Nadia Rose takeover, you have no idea!What's your biggest ambition?I definitely need a Grammy under me belt. One at least. At the very least. To bring a Grammy back to Croydon, how would that be, eh?Nadia Rose's debut album Highly Flammable is released on 13 January by Sony/Relentless Records.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Welsh pop legend accused the BBC of sub-standard behaviour when it dropped him from the contest last year.But ITV has bought the rights to broadcast the programme from 2017 and has now invited him back.He will be joined in the big red chairs by long-serving judge Will.i.am, Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson and rock star Gavin Rossdale.Sir Tom said: I had some great times on the show and I can't wait to again discover and help some brand new talent. And of course be back with my pal Will.i.am.The 76-year-old appeared as a judge on the first four series but was not involved in the latest run.Last year, he said he was disappointed BBC executives told him with no consultation or conversation of any kind that he would not be returning.Sir Tom is known for hits including It's Not Unusual, Green Green Grass of Home, Delilah and Sex Bomb.Jennifer Hudson, who appeared on American Idol in 2004, won an Oscar for best supporting actress for Dreamgirls in 2007 and a Grammy Award in 2009.She said: I couldn't be more excited to join the amazing panel of coaches on The Voice UK.Rossdale is the frontman of rock band Bush, the former husband of singer Gwen Stefani and father of model and Strictly Come Dancing contestant Daisy Lowe.He said he was so thrilled to be joining The Voice UK after appearing as a guest on the US version of the series two years ago.He added: I have always been extremely proud to fly the flag for British rock music and I can't wait to join this incredible panel and help discover some new talent.ITV Network head of entertainment Siobhan Greene said she was absolutely chuffed to bits with the line-up.She continued: All four coaches are global artists in the music industry and are at the top of their game.Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Spurs, who are having a new £400m stadium built next to their existing home White Hart Lane, could also play next season's home Champions League games at the national stadium.They aim to move into their new 61,000-seat home before the 2018-19 season.We're a long way down the path on reaching an agreement, Dyke said.I think there's some discussion about whether they'll play their Champions League games there at Wembley next year but I don't know much about that.Tottenham's north-London rivals Arsenal hosted Champions League games at Wembley in 1998-99 and 1999-2000.Dyke also said Chelsea could play home games at Wembley in the near future.The Blues have plans to redevelop Stamford Bridge, which could leave them needing a temporary home for several seasons.I think Chelsea might come for a longer period, he told Sky Sports News HQ. Chelsea have got really exciting plans for their stadium. They're going to demolish the whole thing and build a whole new stadium on the existing site.If they came to Wembley, that would mean them coming for three years.\n",
            "Input Text:  GB were beaten 24-18 by Israel, 37-14 by Hungary and 46-14 by Netherlands.The men's and women's teams had their £2.92m funding to support elite athletes removed after London 2012.Although we did not make the finals, there are some great young handball players in this country, said British Handball director David Meli.Our aim now is to find a way of bringing additional funding into the association to allow us to run other teams in both male and female competitions.Netherlands won all three games to secure their place at the finals in Rio, which take place from 19 July to 2 August.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Labour leader said his party would invest in infrastructure but expected action on low wages and workers' rights in return, while there would also be an increase in corporation tax.He told the CBI that Labour's planned national investment bank would boost lending to small and medium-size firms.The Tories said Labour only offered spending, borrowing and taxing.Mr Corbyn told delegates at the CBI's conference he would not tell them how to run their organisations but would not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace or the boardroom.He warned of real problems in today's jobs market, citing low wages, insecure temporary contracts and the gender pay gap.For too many families in Britain increasingly insecure work means they cannot plan for their future, or how to pay the bills, mortgage or rent, he said.There are far, far too many people struggling to make ends meet.Mr Corbyn joked he and the CBI would both have been shocked if they had been told two years ago he would be addressing the conference.But he said Labour had plenty of common ground with the organisation.He vowed Labour would be on the side of the innovators, entrepreneurs and investors, saying its investment bank plans would unleash the creativity and potential of entrepreneurial Britain.He said both the Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States represented an unmistakable rejection of a political establishment and an economic system which hasn't been working for most people.It's a system that's delivered ballooning inequality along with falling or stagnating living standards for the majority.Labour says it would increase borrowing to invest in infrastructure, and Mr Corbyn urged Chancellor Philip Hammond to change course and take the bold action necessary to support our economy.He said Labour would increase investment in green technology and boost house building.Labour's settlement for business, he said, will mean some increase in corporation tax while maintaining one of the lowest rates in the world.He added: But see it as a sound investment not only in your own business's long-term future but for the common good of the country.Mr Corbyn also warned of a chaotic Brexit and said Labour would campaign for Britain to retain full access to the single market.Conservative Party chairman Sir Patrick McLoughlin said: Jeremy Corbyn has shown once again that all Labour offer is a recipe for economic ruin, while they're totally out of touch with the public's concerns on immigration as we leave the EU.Prime Minister Theresa May addressed the CBI earlier, announcing Â£2bn of annual investment in research and development by 2020 and an industrial strategy aimed at spreading economic growth across the UK.\n",
            "Input Text:  Satellite images taken on 14 February appear to show two batteries of eight missile launchers and a radar system on Woody or Yongxing Island in the Paracels.The presence of missiles would significantly increase tensions in the acrimonious South China Sea dispute.China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi said reports were a Western media invention.But Mr Wang defended the limited and necessary self-defence facilities on islands inhabited by Chinese personnel as consistent with the right for self-preservation and self-protection.... under the international law.Asked about the reports, US Secretary of State John Kerry attacked China's increased militarisation of the contested region, saying it was a serious concern.Taiwan's defence ministry said it had learned of an air defence missile system deployed by the Chinese on Woody Island.It would not say how many missiles had been deployed or when, but told the BBC they would be capable of targeting civilian and military aircraft.The commander of the US Pacific Fleet confirmed the deployment to Reuters news agency.Adm Harry Harris said such a move would be a militarisation of the South China Sea in ways China's President Xi Jinping had pledged not to make.Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said there were serious concerns over China's unilateral move to change the status quo in the region, and we cannot accept this fact.China has been carrying out extensive land reclamation work in the region, which it says is legal and for civilian purposes.But the work has angered other countries which also claim the territory, and there is growing concern about the implications of the area becoming militarised.The latest images of Woody Island were captured by ImageSat International.They show a close-up of a section of beach, the shape of which resembles the northern coastline as it appears on other images, and point out two missiles batteries. Each battery is made up of four launchers and two control vehicles.Two of the the launchers appear to have been erected, says the report.An image taken of the site on 3 February shows the beach empty.Fox News quoted a US defence official as saying the missiles appeared to be the HQ-9 air defence system, with a range of about 200km (125 miles).China's deployment of long-range surface-to-air missiles to the South China Sea is a clear escalation, but it is not a surprise.Nor is it China's first deployment of advanced military technology to Woody Island (Yongxing Dao). Last November, photos appeared on the internet of Chinese J-11 fighter jets landing on the newly-enlarged runway there.Sending the missile batteries now could be a warning to Vietnam, or a response to the US Navy, which sailed a missile destroyer past Woody Island at the end of January.So far Beijing has been careful not to put any weapons on its newly-constructed islands further south, in the Spratly group. That would be much more provocative.Last month Beijing even sent two civilian airliners to land on its newly-completed runway at Fiery Cross Reef.It was a good publicity stunt. But no one should be in any doubt that the true purpose of those new islands and their new runways is also military.The news comes as South East Asian regional leaders end a two-day meeting in California where South China Sea had been a topic of debate.US President Barack Obama said the members had discussed the need for tangible steps to reduce tensions, including a halt to further reclamation, new construction and militarization of disputed areas.Rival countries have wrangled over territory in the South China Sea for centuries, but tension has steadily increased in recent years.Its islets and waters are claimed in part or in whole by Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei.China has backed its expansive claims with island-building and naval patrols, while the US says it opposes restrictions on freedom of navigation and unlawful sovereignty claims - by all sides, but seen by many as aimed at China.The frictions have sparked concern that the area is becoming a flashpoint with global consequences.Although largely uninhabited, the Paracels and the Spratlys may have reserves of natural resources around them. There has been little detailed exploration of the area, so estimates are largely extrapolated from the mineral wealth of neighbouring areas.The sea is also a major shipping route and home to fishing grounds that supply the livelihoods of people across the region.\n",
            "Input Text:  A head teachers' conference has heard claims of threats such as dead animals being left in school playgrounds.Trojan Horse has not gone away, said Sarah Hewitt-Clarkson, head of Anderton Park School in Birmingham.Responding to the claims, Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said: There is no place for extremism in our schools.The National Association of Head Teachers' annual conference in Liverpool heard warnings that problems over extremism remained unresolved and schools could still face pressure on issues such as tackling homophobia.The so-called Trojan Horse inquiries followed allegations that there were organised attempts by hardline Muslim groups to undermine head teachers and take over schools in Birmingham.Head teachers at the conference complained that no governors had been barred as a result of the inquiries and they called for a database which would identify individuals removed from governing bodies.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson told the head teachers' conference: Trojan Horse has not gone away. Those of us who were involved, we knew it was the tip of the iceberg.We still have dead animals hung on the gates of schools, dismembered cats on playgrounds. We have petitions outside schools, objecting to teachers teaching against homophobia.There were threats on social media, she said, such as Any head teacher who teaches my children it's alright to be gay will be at the end of my shotgun.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson said she knew of a school which had found a dismembered cat in the playground, while another had a dog hanging from the railings.Head teachers warned that despite the high profile reports following the Trojan Horse claims, the response had been inadequate.Alison Marshall told the conference: Despite all the evidence we have, we're faced with a situation where not one single governor implicated in the Trojan Horse scandal has been investigated or even banned. Where is the justice in that?And Ms Hewitt-Clarkson warned that the problems underlying the Trojan Horse claims could start up again.All the behaviours and things we saw before are still there. So too have promises that have been broken, she told the NAHT conference.There were particular concerns about the lack of scrutiny over the role of governors, highlighted by the Trojan Horse inquiries.Tim Gallagher told delegates the lack of regulation meant it was blindingly obvious that there would be problems with governing bodies.Many, many of our members have suffered greatly from rogue governors, he said.The conference carried a motion calling for a national register of governors who have been removed or barred so that schools and local authorities can check the suitability of governors.The BBC revealed earlier this year that there is no central record of governors held by the Department for Education, which would also show people serving as governors in multiple schools, one of the concerns raised in the Trojan Horse inquiries.Mrs Morgan, responding to the heads' warnings, said: There is no place for extremism in our schools and we continue, absolutely, to work to eliminate any form of extremism.But the Conservative education secretary said: This is a reminder that this is a serious issue and something that is not going to be solved overnight.We have taken action to remove and continue to take action to remove people from being in schools who don't follow British values.\n",
            "Input Text:  And many of those communities will have voted Labour. For years this was a party heartland which was home to big beasts like Tam Dalyell and Robin Cook. Before his death, Mr Cook had a majority of more than 13,000 - he commanded the support of more than half of the electorate.But much has changed here. The mines are closed, the economy is now focussed on some remnants of small industry, retail and elsewhere. Livingston and its surrounding towns often acts as feeders for Edinburgh.Robin Chesters is director at the Scottish Shale Industry Museum.There are still communities here who remember those days, he says, it's the parents, it's the grandparents - but in places like Livingston there have been tremendous changes in population.The Labour candidate here is a vocal supporter of Jeremy Corbyn. And she thinks the Labour leader's message is appealing to voters.I think for a long time communities like this were taken for granted the SNP had something really positive to offer - that was independence. But we've now seen the reality, she says, referring to a perceived lack of progress under the SNP Scottish government.The choice, she says, is clear: A Labour government or a Conservative government.I think that's cutting through.Some here though don't seem to mind the idea of a Conservative government all that much.The Tories here are buoyed by local election results and national opinion polls. Their candidate thinks he is in with a good chance of beating Ms Wolfson - putting the party once seen as the enemy of miners above Labour for the first time in modern history here.Damian Timson says: There are two types of Conservatives - there's this bogeyman conservative that people talk about and then there's the real conservative; the likes of myself and Ruth Davidson and everyone else and I think at last the message has got out that we're a party for everyone.But this seat was won comfortably by the SNP in 2015 - Hannah Bardell took even more of the vote that Robin Cook had back in 2005 (she won 57% of the vote  - a majority of almost 17,000).People have found that the SNP have been a strong voice for them in Livingston - I've done everything in my power to raise constituency issues on the floor of the house, she says.There has certainly been big changes in Livingston. But what West Lothian and Livingston have been very good at doing is bouncing back - and what the SNP have offered is support for the new industries.The Lib Dem candidate Charlie Dundas will be hoping he improves on his showing from 2015 - when the party won just 2.1% of the vote - losing its deposit and finishing behind UKIP.His pitch?There's only one party that is standing up for the two unions that they believe in - Livingston voted to remain in the UK back in 2014; Livingston voted to remain the EU.\n",
            "Input Text:  De Roon moved to Teesside in June 2016 for an initial £8.8m fee and played 33 Premier League games last term.The Netherlands international, 26, scored five goals in 36 league and cup games during his spell at Boro.Meanwhile, manager Garry Monk confirmed the Championship club's interest in signing Chelsea midfielder Lewis Baker.He's a target and one of many that we've had throughout the summer months, said Monk.Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.\n",
            "Input Text:  Media playback is not supported on this deviceThe news of Annan Athletic's 4-1 fourth-round win over Hamilton Academical was far-reaching.Omar, the son of refugees from Iraqi Kurdistan, was featured in the local press there.There's a big following there now, my uncle tells me, said the Glasgow University student.A lot of them, when they are looking out for scores, will look out for Annan Athletic now.Annan's dream ended in the fifth round though, when they lost 4-1 to Morton.For more information about how to get into football, take a look at the Get Inspired page on the sport.\n",
            "Input Text:  The 36-year-old defender, who took up a coaching role at St James Park last year, has not featured in City's first team since the end of February.Regarding the playing, I know in my head that things are slowly coming to an end, he told BBC Sport.I'm not knocking on (manager) Paul Tisdale's door asking why I'm not playing every week, that's for sure.Butterfield has been at Exeter for three seasons, having spent eight years at Crystal Palace, where he famously scored a six-minute hat-trick against Wolves in the FA Cup in 2010.At the minute it is a little bit of an emergency style usage of myself, Butterfield added of his role within the Exeter playing squad.We've not openly discussed where we're going forward with that, I'm sure next season it'll be more coaching-based, with perhaps the registration still being held as a 'what if'.I'm enjoying what I'm doing with Tis (Tisdale) and the rest of the coaching staff and I'm certainly enjoying working with the lads on the coaching front and I hope they're enjoying working with me.I'm thankful to Tis for giving me the opportunity to use the transition into the coaching.It's a win-win for both as Tis uses me if and when and I'm alongside him every day in training and close to the boys trying to get the best out of them.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Transforming British Tennis Together initiative aims to make the sport more accessible.Over the next 10 years, it will raise the number of covered and floodlit courts by 50%, refurbish facilities and make courts easier to book online.The LTA's Alastair Marks said: We're focused on getting the next generation of players on court and having fun.Get Inspired: LTA's £250m for better tennis accessThe governing body will invest £125m to improve existing community facilities and is hoping to source a further £125m through matched funding.Only 7% of Britain's 23,000 courts have covers and one in seven park courts have floodlights.With the new funding, the LTA aims to deliver:The initiative has been tried out on a trial basis in 10 towns and cities, including Sheffield, where £1.5m was invested and has increased the number of people playing tennis by 54% over the last three years.Marks, participation director at the LTA, added: There's never been a better time to invest in making our tennis courts the social hubs of their communities once again.Clubs and communities can register their interest in bidding for the funding here.\n",
            "Input Text:  Kevin Patrick Dawes, 33, was abducted in 2012 as he entered Syria.US officials told the Washington Post that the Syrian government never acknowledged detaining Mr Dawes, but they believe the government or an affiliated group was holding him.The State Department said Mr Dawes was turned over to Russian authorities.The Russia government has been backing the government of President Bashar al-Assad amid a civil war, which is now in its sixth year.The Czech government, which represents US diplomatic interests in Syria, helped secure his release.State Department spokesman John Kirby said the US is working with the Czech officials to free Austin Tice and other missing or detained Americans in Syria.Mr Tice, a journalist, disappeared in August 2012 while working in Syria. He appeared blindfolded in a video a month after his abduction but has not been heard from since.\n",
            "Input Text:  BHS.com will employ just 84 people, a fraction of the 11,000 who lost their jobs after efforts to find a buyer for the high-street business failed.The last of BHS's 163 department stores was closed last month.The new website, which is owned by the Qatari Al Mana Group, will go live in the UK on Thursday.We are nimble and efficient, but with a great brand, strong customer base and a proven and dedicated team, said David Anderson, the managing director of the new online operation.Mr Anderson added that the website would have a number of advantages over a typical start-up, including an iconic brand and a loyal customer base in the UK, including 1.2 million former online shoppers.BHS.com will sell roughly 75% of the items available on the former online shop, including bedroom, bathroom, cushion and lighting ranges.The new owner of BHS' online shop, Qatari conglomerate Al Mana Group, already works with a number of high-street brands, such as Zara, Mango, United Colours of Benetton and Reebok.Mr Anderson said an all-new online technology platform had been developed for BHS, so we are not inheriting any legacy systems.He said the majority of people who worked for the previous BHS online operation had been recruited for the new business.\n",
            "Input Text:  The proposals mean charges would be placed on 625 spaces in the area and restrictions placed on a further 741.Reading Borough Council has spent four years designing the scheme to relieve parking pressures at the hospital and to make parking easier for residents.The petition, set up by hospital staff, describes the scheme as problematic.The online petition opposes the introduction of pay and display meters for Addington Road, Erleigh Road and other roads around the hospital in Reading.Clare Goulbourn-Lay, a Royal Berkshire Hospital midwife, set up the petition to express her concerns about the potential consequences of the scheme.By making changes to this road, you're not just making it difficult for the staff, you're making it difficult for the patients and pushing the problem further out, she said.With the university so close as well, there simply isn't enough parking space as it is. To add another restriction is just silly.She has called for the scheme to be cancelled or redesigned to help make spending time with loved ones easier and to limit the stress and anxiety of staff and patients.John Sharpe, who lives on Erleigh Road, has called the plans divisive and said he is concerned the restrictions will make parking pressures worse.I'm scared it will become impossible to live in the area, he added.Reading Borough Council said up to five years of public consultation had taken place on the principle of prioritising parking for residents in the area and that further public input on the plans are being sought.Residents have until 13 June to submit their views to the council.\n",
            "Input Text:  Leonie Granger from Gillingham, Kent, was sentenced at the Old Bailey having been found guilty of manslaughter.Her boyfriend Kyrron Jackson, 28, and his friend Nicholas Chandler, 29, were found guilty of murder and jailed for life with a minimum term of 36 years.Granger targeted Mehmet Hassan, 56, in a Mayfair casino in March last year.Judge William Kennedy described the attack as pitiless and wicked, adding: It was quite simply an act of brutality which defies reason and compassion.Granger's lawyer Orlando Pownall said she only took part in the plot as she was in love with Jackson and fell in with his desires and now deeply regretted her actions.Her head was turned by Jackson, who she loved, and to some extent by Chandler who was persuasive and superficially charming, he said.But Judge Kennedy said she had been deceitful from the outset and had lost her sense and compassion when she got involved.He added that she clearly cared more for Jackson than he cared for her.Granger, who posed under the name of Rachel, was wined and dined by the divorced father of three who boasted to friends he was not paying her to be with him, the court heard earlier.On the night he was killed, Mr Hassan had taken Granger to the upmarket Nobu restaurant before giving her Â£1,000 to gamble with at the nearby Palm Beach Casino.The two were seen kissing passionately by a poker supervisor, before leaving the casino together for Mr Hassan's flat in Islington.Granger then let Jackson and Chandler into the poker player's flat before leaving in a taxi.Both men tied up Mr Hassan with parcel tape and a neck tie before kicking and stamping him to death, the trial was told.Afterwards, while he lay dead in a pool of blood, all three were filmed on Granger's mobile phone throwing Â£50 notes around a room and even stuffing  them in their underpants.Commenting on the footage, Judge Kennedy told the three defendants: The eloquence with which it speaks about you is deafening.\n",
            "Input Text:  If Prime Minister Theresa May does not appear to have had a particularly good night, Ruth Davidson, the Tory leader in Scotland, certainly has.The Scottish Tories have seen double-digit increases in their vote in almost every seat. They've more than doubled their returns in some places where the party was previously unelectable.First they knocked off Angus Robertson, the SNP's deputy leader and top dog at Westminster.They had called that their Portillo moment - but their best was yet to come, as they dethroned Alex Salmond in Gordon. They even overturned the fourth-safest seat in the country, in Banff and Buchan.Other Scottish Tory gains include:It's been a long time since the Tories have had a night like this in Scotland.In four elections in a row, they returned a single MP. The year before that, 1997, they got zero. You have to go back to 1992 for the last time they won more than a single seat in Scotland.They ended up with 13 - the party's best showing north of the border since 1983.What this Tory resurgence means for the rest of the UK in terms of parliamentary calculations is unclear. The margins are razor-thin, so every seat is precious.But the Tories are resolute in what they believe it means for Scotland.Indyref2 is dead, Ms Davidson says. The prospect of a second independence referendum has been at the core of the Tory campaign, and indeed their entire revival in Scotland.The SNP have a majority of seats, and thus a triple lock mandate for that referendum, according to their manifesto - but it certainly seems a more distant prospect than ever.And while Mrs May's future might now be in doubt, Ms Davidson's star is burning more brightly than ever.\n",
            "Input Text:  The crash happened at Evanton at about 17:20 on Saturday. The fire service and the air ambulance was sent to the scene.The occupants of all three vehicles were injured, but the extent of their injuries was not known, police said.A spokesman added: Inquiries are ongoing into this matter and no further witnesses are sought at this time.\n",
            "Input Text:  Martin McCauley was seriously wounded and a teenager was killed when police opened fire on a hayshed in County Armagh in 1982.It later emerged that the security services had secretly recorded what happened.The evidence was not made available to the court during his trial.The 52-year-old, from Lurgan, County Armagh, was arrested along with Niall Connolly and James Monaghan in Colombia in 2001 and accused of IRA training of rebel FARC guerrilla forces.They were initially cleared of the charge, only to be convicted on appeal and sentenced to 17 years in jail.But the three men avoided imprisonment by fleeing Colombia in 2004, turning up in the Republic of Ireland a year later.Even though Mr McCauley faces extradition to South America if he returns to Northern Ireland, the Court of Appeal in Belfast is examining a weapons conviction for which he received a two-year suspended jail sentence.Police claimed Martin McCauley confronted them with a rifle at a hayshed 32 years ago during the so-called RUC shoot to kill incident.He was seriously injured and Michael Tighe was killed when RUC officers opened fire.In 1985, Martin McCauley was convicted of possession of three rifles found inside the shed and given a two-year suspended sentence.He had insisted he and Michael Tighe, had not been armed and that the police opened fire without warning.The police told the court that was not true.Years after his conviction, it was revealed that MI5 had a listening device hidden inside the hayshed at the time of the shooting that recorded what happened.That recording could have re-established whether the police issued any warnings or made any reference to Mr McCauley being armed before they opened fire.The existence of the recording was not made known to the court at the time of his trial.Its existence was discovered by the former Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police, Sir John Stalker, as part of his investigation into allegations that the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was operating a shoot to kill policy.He also discovered that the recording was later destroyed.Last year, the Criminal Cases Review Commission referred his case to the Court of Appeal, on the basis that potentially significant material had been withheld from the judge.In a dramatic development on Wednesday, Gerald Simpson QC told the court he had been instructed to read a statement on behalf of the prosecution service.It said material relevant to the decision to prosecute Mr McCauley was withheld from the director of public prosecutions at the time, from the court and from the defence in the trial.The statement said this served only to undermine public confidence in the criminal justice system and to bring it into disrepute.The lawyer told the three Appeal Court judges that the prosecution service would not be making any submissions to uphold the conviction and invited them to exercise their discretion to quash it.The judges will sit next week to decide whether to do so.Mr McCauley's lawyers will argue that the conviction should be quashed on the basis that vital evidence was not available to the trial judge.The contents of John Stalker's investigation into the incident have never been made public.The lawyers hope that will change during next week's hearing.Mr McCauley was tried in public, and he was convicted in public and it's his fundamental right that these documents be opened in the public court, so that he and the general public are aware of what actually occurred, Mr McCauley's lawyer, Fearghal Shiels, said.Mr McCauley was not in court to hear the prosecution statement on Wednesday as he faces extradition to south America if he returns to Northern Ireland.\n",
            "Input Text:  The alert began just after midday when police received a report of a suspicious device at the back of business premises on Dunluce Street.Officers cordoned off the scene and part of the street was closed. It reopened at about 17:30 BST.The suspect object was examined by Army bomb experts who declared it a hoax device.Chief Inspector Stephen McCauley said: Police acted quickly to keep people safe and away from the suspicious object.Many businesses and a few residents in the area were evacuated.The lives of local people have been disrupted today and I lay the blame on those who planted the hoax device. Their actions are irresponsible and show disregard for the local community.Hoax devices can be very realistic and similar in look to the real thing. Where there is a clear threat to life, police must take action to keep people safe.\n",
            "Input Text:  Mr Turnbull said the titles were not appropriate in modern Australia, and that Queen Elizabeth had accepted the cabinet's recommendation to drop them.Former PM Tony Abbott reintroduced knighthoods and damehoods in 2014.His controversial decision to grant Prince Philip a knighthood in January was widely seen as one of the factors which ended his term as leader.Mr Abbott at the time said Australia was honouring the Duke of Edinburgh's lifetime of service and dedication, but later said the decision was injudicious.He was ousted as leader of the centre-right Liberal Party by Mr Turnbull in September.Analysis: Jon Donnison, BBC News, SydneyThe decision to give Prince Philip a knighthood was hugely unpopular in Australia and seen as one of the biggest blunders of Tony Abbott's brief time in office.Now the new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who in 1999 led Australia's unsuccessful campaign to abandon the monarchy and become a republic, has dropped knights and dames.The prime minister will have the chance to discuss the matter with the Duke of Edinburgh's son later this month, when Prince Charles comes to Australia on a royal visit.Mr Turnbull has recently said he remains a republican but says he does not regard the issue as a priority for his government.End of 'Knightmare' poses republican questionIn a statement, Mr Turnbull said the Order of Australia awards were an important way of honouring the achievements and service of many Australians, including those unsung heroes who might not otherwise be recognised outside their local communities.But he said his cabinet had recently reviewed the system and decided that the knighthoods and damehoods were not appropriate in our modern honours system.Existing knights and dames would not be affected by the change, he said.The opposition Labor party welcomed the move, with shadow treasurer Chris Bowen describing the titles a national disgrace.But he said it was not appropriate for Australia to be clinging onto imperial Britain through our honours system.We shouldn't be celebrating the fact that knights and dames are gone, we should be lamenting the fact that they came back under this government, ABC News quoted him as saying.However, monarchist groups in Australia criticised the decision.Prominent Australian monarchist David Flint accused Mr Turnbull of trying to get revenge for the failed 1999 republic referendum, the Sydney Morning Herald reported.Mr Flint, the head of the Australians for Constitutional Monarchy organisation, said scrapping the titles means Australia can't give international recognition to its best soldiers, sportsmen and singers.Australia's honours systemCommonwealth honours systemsAlongside Prince Phillip, three people have received the honour since 2014 - former New South Wales governor Marie Bashir, former Governor-General Peter Cosgrove and the former Chief of the Defence Force Angus Houston.Australians rallied together online under the hashtag #KnightsAndDames to welcome Mr Turnbull's announcement.Many agreed that this was a step forward for Australia.Others felt there were more pressing issues to be dealt with.\n",
            "Input Text:  Sevilla, winners of the tournament in 2014 and 2015, led early on through Vitolo's close-range strike.Marlos equalised with a composed finish from 18 yards before Taras Stepanenko headed the Ukrainian side in front before half-time.But Kevin Gameiro's late penalty earned the Spaniards a draw.The French attacker showed no signs of nerves, converting confidently from the spot after Facundo Ferreyra fouled Vitolo just inside the area.The result leaves Sevilla on course for a third consecutive Europa League success, with the two away goals making them firm favourites to advance to the final in Basel.No team has won three consecutive European titles since Bayern Munich achieved the feat 40 years ago, and if Unai Emery's side progress from next Thursday's second leg in Spain, only Liverpool or Villarreal stand between them and a piece of history. The first leg of that tie ended 1-0 to Villarreal.Sevilla have not won away from home all season in La Liga and have managed just one victory on their travels in this competition, so a draw in Lviv represents a fine achievement.But their home form is excellent - they have won 14 of 18 league games at their Ramon Sanchez Pizjuan Stadium - meaning their bid to become the first team to win the Europa League three times in a row remains very much alive.\n",
            "Input Text:  The party's economy spokesman Rhun ap Iorwerth warned steel's troubles were a canary in the mine, warning of deeper problems across a range of industries.These include basic metals, chemicals and wood.The Welsh government called on Westminster to address the impact of high energy prices on industry.The UK government has been asked to comment.Plaid said Gross Value Added (GVA) figures -  which measure the value of goods and services produced - show the so-called foundation industries in Wales have suffered a 39% decline in the five years to 2013.Mr ap Iorwerth urged the Welsh government to take action to help industries combat high energy costs.He said: Figures show that the threat to our economy runs far deeper than steel, but affects the range of industries that our economy is built upon.This includes the chemical industry, other metals, and wood products. Wales' foundation industries have witnessed a steep decline.He said UK government should also work with the EU to ensure maximum flexibility in use of procurement legislation so that they can better protect British industry.A Welsh government spokesman said: No-one has defended the steel industry more than the Welsh government.We have raised with the UK government over several years our concerns about the impact high UK energy prices are having on the competitiveness of our industries and again call on them to address this major problem.The economy minister has set-up an industry-led task group to gather examples of good procurement practices and to identify support other EU countries have provided to their steel industries.Pro Steel Engineering in Caldicot, Monmouthshire, is only three years old but has benefited from contracts in London, including the new Olympic Stadium roof in London for West Ham United and strengthening the Hammersmith fly-over.Director Richard Selby said: We're fortunate we're expanding and are hoping to start recruiting in a couple of months and we have a full order book.We've had the ability to stay agile and seizing the opportunities.But the foundation industries need a lot more support, particularly with the energy costs we have, and we need for the Welsh government and Westminster to get behind them to help them thrive.Economist Prof Calvin Jones, of Cardiff University, said the foundation industries were still important in terms of their high economic value and for being iconic.But he said Wales' growth areas had been in retail, hotels, back-office financial services and the public sector.We have to think about how they will fulfil Wales' economic destiny as we'd like to see it, he said.Of course, on current structures they can't, they simply aren't like Tata which is a company which is incredibly valuable in so many ways.A back office for a bank simply can't do the same things for Wales, no matter how many bums on seats there are in those call centres. They don't provide the same jobs or a narrative for the Welsh economy that will give us a future vision.Prof Jones said the steel industry in Wales had done relatively well to avoid the worst of the crisis so far.There have been big rounds of redundancies over the last 30 years and we've a very lean operation in Wales and geographically we're better placed than those steelworks in the north of England and Scotland.\n",
            "Input Text:  Fast forward about 20 years, and it's fair to say he has done just that.The business he runs, Frasers Hospitality, is one of the world's biggest providers of high-end serviced apartments. Its 148 properties span about 80 capital cities, as well as financial hubs across Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.But it almost didn't get off the ground.When Mr Choe was appointed to launch and lead the company, Asia was booming; the tiger economies of Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore were expanding rapidly.But as Frasers prepared to open its first two properties in Singapore, the Asian financial crisis hit.It was 1997. Currencies went into freefall. Suddenly, people were losing their jobs and stopped travelling.Mr Choe recalls asking staff if they really wanted to continue working with the firm, because when the properties opened they might not get paid.It was really that serious, he says. I remember tearing up because they said 'let's open it, let's open it whether you can pay us or not'.Survival, Mr Choe admits, came through a bit of luck, and the misfortune of others.He had convinced the board at parent firm, property group Frasers Centrepoint, to open serviced apartments rather than hotels - partly because getting planning permission in Singapore was easier.But he also sensed it was a big, untapped market. And at the time of the crisis, it proved to be exactly what customers wanted.As we were going through this difficult patch, there were protests and riots in Jakarta, he says. A lot of companies like Microsoft called up looking for rooms for their staff because they were moving out of Jakarta.Frasers' 412 apartments were quickly in demand. Occupancy soon hit 70%, and then 90%.Explaining the popularity of serviced apartments, Mr Choe says that if people are staying somewhere for just a few days, they happily stay in hotels, but if they are going to be somewhere for one month to eight months, the walls of hotel rooms close in on you.But now, Mr Choe, 57, faces new challenges - the travel tastes of millennials and the disruptive nature of Airbnb.The way to tackle Airbnb is not to ignore it. I will never underestimate Airbnb, he says.There's been no significant impact on Frasers yet. Big corporations still prefer to put employees in big service apartments, he says, because they can guarantee a level of safety and security. But that is likely to change, Mr Choe admits.I have two daughters who to my chagrin use Airbnb, he says. We took a family trip to Florence and I stayed in this wonderful boutique hotel, but paid a bundle for it.When my daughter joined us, she said, 'I'm just staying next door and paying about 80 euros'. We paid about 330 euros.I asked why they stayed at Airbnb. They say 'it's like a surprise, it's part of the adventure'.And so now, Mr Choe wants to bring some of that vibrancy to Frasers.While neutral colours, beige curtains and dark wooden chairs dominate its more traditional apartments, many customers want something different, and this is shaping Fraser's strategy.In 2015 it bought Malmaison Hotel du Vin, a UK hotel group that specialises in developing heritage properties into upscale boutique hotels.That has taken them beyond financial centres, including to Shakespeare's hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon. Or, an intrepid traveller with $500 (Â£325) to spend could have a night in a converted medieval prison in Oxford.And Frasers has launched the Capri sub-brand - whose website promises inspiring art and inspirational tech.On a day-to-day basis Mr Choe says he still draws on his experience as a young man, who - having been given a scholarship by the Shangri-La hotel group to study at Cornell University in the US - came back to Asia to learn about the hospitality industry.They put me in every department conceivable. I remember one of the toughest jobs I had was in the butchery. I had to carve an entire cow. For one month, I could not eat meat.I'm thankful for those experiences. When you step into a hotel, you immediately pick up what works and what doesn't work.When I see the check-in staff walking more than three steps, I know the counter is set up wrong.It's like a cockpit. Can you imagine if the pilot had to turn around when he flies?More The Boss features, which every week profile a different business leader from around the world:The 'diva of divorce' for the world's super richThe snacks boss with an appetite for successTaking his own path: The world's leading maze designerMr Choe adds that loyalty is very important to him, and he remains tremendously grateful to staff who have stayed with him.I will always respect and remember those who gave up their jobs to join me, he says.This loyalty is something that Mr Choe has earned, according to Donald MacLaurin, associate professor at Singapore Institute of Technology, and specialist in the hospitality sector.Mr MacLaurin points out that Mr Choe introduced a five-day working week, in a part of the world where six days is common, thereby showing a focus on quality of life issues for employees.The associate professor adds says the early success of the business was remarkable given the timing of its launch.Fast forward to today and the company is now on track to operate 30,000 serviced apartments globally by 2019. That success, say Mr Choe's admirers, should make him something of a visionary.Follow The Boss series editor Will Smale on Twitter.\n",
            "Input Text:  The accident meant the motorway was closed, making travel to Mourneview Park impossible for the team and fans travelling from Belfast, said the Irish Football Association.A new date for the match has yet to be confirmed by Uefa.Northern Ireland have three points from their first two Group Six qualifiers.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Sunday Times says the missile veered off course during a test in June last year - weeks before the Commons voted to spend £40bn renewing Trident.Questioned by Andrew Marr, the PM refused to say four times if she had known about the test ahead of the vote.The SNP's Nicola Sturgeon called for a full disclosure of what happened.According to the Sunday Times, an unarmed Trident II D5 missile veered off in the wrong direction towards the US - instead of towards Africa - when it was launched from a British submarine off the coast of Florida.In July - days after Mrs May had become prime minister - MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of replacing Trident.During the debate, Mrs May told MPs it would be an act of gross irresponsibility for the UK to abandon its nuclear weapons.MPs backed its renewal by 472 votes to 117. However, all 52 SNP MPs voted against it - as did Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.When asked on the BBC's Andrew Marr Show whether she had known then that a misfire had happened, Mrs May said: I have absolute faith in our Trident missiles.When I made that speech in the House of Commons, what we were talking about was whether or not we should renew our Trident.She was asked a further three times - but did not answer the questions.The Ministry of Defence did not give details of the test process but said it had been a success.Scottish First Minister, Mrs Sturgeon - a long-standing opponent of Trident, whose submarines are based at Faslane, on the River Clyde - said the apparent misfire was a hugely serious issue.She tweeted: There should be full disclosure of what happened, who knew what/when, and why the House of Commons wasn't told.Meanwhile, Mr Corbyn said the reports called for a serious discussion.He told Sky News: It's a pretty catastrophic error when a missile goes in the wrong direction, and while it wasn't armed, goodness knows what the consequences of that could have been.Nia Griffith, the shadow defence secretary, said it was completely unacceptable that Mrs May had side-stepped questions.She called for the prime minister to give a full explanation to Parliament on Monday.Admiral Lord West, the Labour peer and ex-Royal Navy officer, said it was bizarre and stupid to not tell anyone about the test.The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) described reports of a misfire as a very serious failure.There's absolutely no doubt that this would have impacted on the debate in Parliament on Trident replacement, its general secretary Kate Hudson said.A statement issued by both Downing Street and the MoD said the capability and effectiveness of Trident was unquestionable.In June the Royal Navy conducted a routine, unarmed Trident missile test launch from HMS Vengeance, as part of an operation which is designed to certify the submarine and its crew.Vengeance and her crew were successfully tested and certified, allowing Vengeance to return into service. We have absolute confidence in our independent nuclear deterrent.The Sunday Times says the test fire was launched from HMS Vengeance.It says the Trident II D5 missile was intended to be fired 5,600 miles (9,012 km) to a sea target off the west coast of Africa but veered towards the US.The cause remains top secret, the paper says, but it quotes a senior naval source as saying the missile suffered an in-flight malfunction after launching out of the water.HMS Vengeance, one of the UK's four Vanguard-class submarines, returned to sea for trials in December 2015 after a £350m refit, which included the installation of new missile launch equipment and upgraded computer systems.According to the Sunday Times, it is expected that Defence Secretary Michael Fallon will be called to the Commons to answer questions from MPs.BBC defence correspondent Jonathan Beale said while the MoD has described the test as a success for the crew and the boat, it has not denied the report that the missile itself might have veered off course.In the past the MoD has issued a press release and video of successful tests but its silence on this occasion has raised questions as to whether any fault was deliberately kept quiet ahead of the key vote, our correspondent added.The Trident system was acquired by the Thatcher government in the early 1980s as a replacement for the Polaris missile system, which the UK had possessed since the 1960s.Trident came into use in the 1990s. There are three parts to it - submarines, missiles and warheads. Although each component has years of use left, they cannot last indefinitely.The current generation of four submarines would begin to end their working lives some time in the late 2020s.A guide to the Trident debate\n",
            "Input Text:  A spokesman for Palm Beach Gardens police in Florida confirmed to the BBC they were investigating a fatal crash involving the Grand Slam champion.A man was taken to hospital after the accident on 9 June and died two weeks later from his injuries, he said.According to TMZ, which broke the story, police believe the seven-time Grand Slam champion was at fault.But a lawyer for Williams said it was an unfortunate accident.The man who died, Jerome Barson, was travelling with his wife who was driving their vehicle through an intersection when the accident happened.Williams' car suddenly darted into their path and was unable to clear the junction in time due to traffic jams, according to witness statements in a police report obtained by US media.Mrs Barson was also taken to hospital but survived.[Williams] is at fault for violating the right of way of [the other driver], the report said, adding that there were no other factors like drugs, alcohol or mobile phone distractions.The 37-year-old tennis star reportedly told police she did not see the couple's car and she was driving slowly.Police spokesman Major Paul Rogers said police were investigating whether the incident was connected to Mr Barson's death.Williams' lawyer Malcolm Cunningham told CNN in a statement: Ms Williams entered the intersection on a green light. The police report estimates that Ms Williams was travelling at 5mph when Mrs Barson crashed into her.Authorities did not issue Ms Williams with any citations or traffic violations. This is an unfortunate accident and Venus expresses her deepest condolences to the family who lost a loved one.Next week, Williams is due to play at Wimbledon in London, where she is seeded 10th.\n",
            "Input Text:  The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea did, however, allow Ghana to continue developing current oilfields.These include the so called-Ten fields, part owned by UK firm Tullow Oil.Ivory Coast had asked that all drilling be suspended, but the tribunal ruled this would risk considerable financial loss to Ghana.Instead, it told the West African nation to take all necessary steps to ensure than no new drilling either by Ghana or under its control takes place in the disputed area and to refrain from granting any new permit for oil exploration and exploitation in the disputed area.The area is believed to contain large reserves of oil, which both countries are keen to exploit.Pending a ruling on the precise maritime border, the tribunal told both countries to pursue co-operation and refrain from any unilateral action that might lead to aggravating the dispute.The ruling was welcomed by Tullow Oil, which owns a large stake in the near $5bn (Â£3.3bn) Ten project, which could reportedly produce up to 80,000 barrels a day.Following this ruling, the Ten project can move ahead and we will now await instructions from the government of Ghana with regard to implementing those provisional measures that have been ordered by [the tribunal], a Tullow spokesman said.\n",
            "Input Text:  The public car park is just off the Upper Newtownards Road, one of the main routes into the city.Thousands of wooden pallets are now piled up where previously there were parked cars.The bonfire makers are involved in a dispute with the city council over the storing of pallets.They say the council collected pallets from the area earlier this year, agreed to store them and return them this month but failed to do so.Bonfire builder Macauley McKinney, 21, said: We had an agreement with the council that they were going to store the pallets in a safe place, and now because the agreement was broken, they've let us down.Belfast City Council is not commenting in detail on the issue, as an investigation has been called into the storing of pallets.A spokesperson said: It was agreed at a meeting of Belfast City Council's Strategic Policy and Resources Committee on Friday that an investigation and full review, led by the chief executive with independent input, would be carried out into the issue of collection and storage of bonfire material, and the future approach of bonfires across the city.The committee's decision needs to be approved at a full council meeting next week.Traditionally, bonfires are lit in many loyalist areas of Northern Ireland on the eleventh night - the eve of the Twelfth of July, an annual celebration to mark William of Orange's victory over King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.\n",
            "Input Text:  Reports on Wednesday suggested more than one iguana was actually filmed, with scenes then stitched together.But the BBC has said only one animal was chased by the snakes - with other iguanas only filmed for close-ups.The scene quickly went viral when it was aired last year and later won a Bafta for must-see moment.The iguana hatchling, filmed in the Galapagos, eventually got away - much to viewers' relief.The Daily Mail claimed the episode was embroiled in a fakery row after producer Elizabeth White told the Media Production Show: It wasn't the same iguana, no, and often we have to augment it with other clips.Unfortunately lizards, snakes and iguanas aren't good at 'takes'.But the BBC defended the Sir David Attenborough-fronted programme, with a spokeswoman saying: The BBC strongly refutes any suggestion that the award-winning iguana v snakes sequence was 'faked'.The final iguana chase in which one iguana escapes the snakes was - unusually for natural history filming - shot using two cameras, allowing us to follow both the individual iguana and the snakes' point of view.What was captured in the field was extraordinary animal behaviour which had never been witnessed or filmed before.She added: As is common in natural history film-making, pick-up shots were filmed separately - for example close-ups of iguana eyes - to make the story of the sequence as clear as possible for the audience.This is absolutely in keeping with the norms of natural history film-making - and absolutely in line with the BBC's editorial policy guidelines, and was a true representation of animal behaviour.Other BBC nature documentaries have previously been accused of faking footage. Frozen Planet, also fronted by Sir David, showed footage of newborn polar bear cubs in a den with their mother in 2011 - but it was filmed in an animal park, rather than in the wild.The BBC denied misleading viewers, with Sir David saying it would have spoiled the atmosphere to point out where the filming had taken place adding: It's not a falsehood and we don't keep it secret either.And then there was the Blue Planet footage shot in a lobster tank - but the BBC said this was done to protect the environment.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Margaret Aspinall and Trevor Hicks campaigned for more than 20 years to secure fresh inquests into the deaths of 96 people in the disaster.Mr Hicks' daughters Sarah, 19, and Victoria, 15, and Mrs Aspinall's son James, 18, were among those who died at the FA Cup semi-final in April 1989.Mrs Aspinall, chair of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said she would accept it on behalf of the families.A jury is currently hearing the new inquests in Warrington before coroner Lord Justice Goldring.Mrs Aspinall said: It's not just about Trevor Hicks and Margaret Aspinall, it's about everybody involved in this. It's all about the people who stood by us.From the beginning, when you are fighting against everything, nearly 26 years ago, you had this stigma against you all the time, fighting against that, I feel we have turned it all around now and the stigma is going away.People are seeing now, the real people, what the genuine people are like, and the people who stood by the families and stayed with them all these years, so it's for them as well.Mr Hicks, president of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said: On a personal level, obviously I'm very flattered. I know it's a bit cheesy but I'm also a bit humbled as well.It's not just for me. As it says in the citation, it's for services to the bereaved families.It's been a hard slog. We've been accused many times of being vindictive - and lots worse than that. But we've always tried, as a family support group, to play fair.Fellow campaigner Anne Williams, who died in April 2013, was honoured with the Helen Rollason Award at the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Ceremony in 2013.Ms Williams, 60, fought for a new inquest into her son Kevin's death.Two investigations are being carried out into the aftermath of the disaster - one led by police and one headed by the Independent Police Complaints Commission.Other Merseyside & Cheshire honours include:CBEOBEMBE\n",
            "Input Text:  Fracking involves pumping water and chemicals into shale rock at pressure.The joint report from the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering say the technique is safe if firms follow best practice and rules are enforced.Exploratory fracking is being mooted in at least seven sites around the UK.The report was commissioned by the government's chief scientist, Sir John Beddington, following the decision last year to halt the UK's most advanced project, in Lancashire, after fracking caused small earth tremors.Our main conclusions are that the environmental risks of hydraulic fracturing for shale can can be safely managed provided there is best practice observed and provided it's enforced through strong regulation, said the report's chair, Prof Robert Mair from Cambridge University.The UK regulatory system is up to the job for the present very small scale exploration activities, but there would need to be strengthening of the regulators if the government decides to proceed with more shale gas extraction, particularly at the production stage, he told BBC News.The report contains 10 top-line recommendations for strengthening regulations, including:Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, involves drilling down into shale formations and fracturing the rock using explosives or hydraulic pressure.Water is pumped in containing sand particles that prop open the cracks in the shale, allowing the gas out, and a tiny amount of chemicals.In the US, concerns have been raised that the gas or the chemicals can enter drinking water supplies.However, the report concludes that gas contamination should not be a problem - the risk is very low - provided that fracking takes place at a depth of many hundreds of metres, a long way below the level of aquifers, and that the wells are properly constructed.Each well is lined with layers of steel and cement; and if this stays intact, the scientists conclude, gas leakage should not be a problem.They also say that with good management of waste water, chemical contamination should be avoided; they criticise the US practice of leaving it in open ponds, which would not be permitted in the UK.The report says the risk that fracking will generate significant seismic events is also small.The actual explosions are far too small to be noticed at the surface, said Prof Zoe Shipton from the University of Strathclyde.If the fluid moves into existing faults in the rock that are close to slipping anyway, you'll bring that slippage forward in time, she said.But the Magnitude 2.3 event in Blackpool last year - that is like a lorry going past your house - in fact the British Geological Survey can't measure below Magnitude 2 in towns because of the traffic.The European industry is in its infancy compared with the US, and governments' views on the technology are mixed.Fracking has been banned in France, but countries such as Poland are taking a strong interest.UK ministers see shale gas as a way of cheaply bridging the transition to a low-carbon fuel mix, despite calculations showing that widespread adoption without carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology would mean future UK governments missing their legally-binding greenhouse gas emission reduction targets.Prof Mair said climate impacts were outside his remit, but a detailed look at the issue should happen at some stage.The Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering believe this is an issue that needs to be addressed, he said.It's a very wide issue - energy policy, CO2 reduction, all of that needs to be looked at - and gas in general is part of that.Follow Richard            on Twitter\n",
            "Input Text:  Alongside the likes of Little Simz and Lady Leshurr, she's part of a groundswell of female voices in the male-dominated world of UK hip-hop and grime.Two years ago, the 23-year-old was studying for a degree while working 12-hour shifts in a betting shop to make ends meet.She would scribble down lyrics in her spare time as her male contemporaries - Section Boyz, Bonkaz and her cousin Stormzy - were starting to break through. Realising the job was holding her back, she packed it in and started to make her name with her savage, witty lyrics and sense of fun.Her breakthrough video, Station, was shot, without permission, at a local railway station, with Nadia dancing nonchalantly on the tracks as a train pulled in.More recently, the colourful, funky single Skwod saw the rapper take over the streets of London with a girl gang, complete with body-popping Beyonce choreography and all.She spoke to the BBC about her upbringing in Croydon, the rappers she looks up to, and why she read the dictionary as a child.For people who haven't heard you, describe what they're missing.My sound is just really bassy, hard-hitting, dancehall, hip-hop infused fun. I call it magic.And funny, too. Your lyrics have proper punchlines.Yeah, quite a few!Do you work hard on them?It varies, depending on what it is I'm creating. A lot of the time I don't even write the bars. It's all in my head, really.Apparently you used to read the dictionary as a child?That is true, yeah!What's your favourite word?Antidisestablishmentarianism. It's one of the longest words in the English language.Have you ever tried to get it into a song?I've been asked and I'm definitely working on it! It might not fit on a single cover, but it could definitely fit in a lyric.What triggered your interest in words?It was learning about synonyms that did it for me. I was like, Wow, you can use another word to mean the same thing as this word? It just went crazy from there.When did you first perform in public?Ooh… The first time I performed in public? To be fair, growing up I was always performing. It didn't have to be on a stage. It could be a family event and I would just make it about me, somehow. I would perform anywhere. Going up in a lift, on the side of a road, wherever.One of your teachers said you were the most entertaining pupil she ever had.Yeah, that was touching… And actually, I do agree.There's a fine line between entertaining and troublemaker. How often did you end up on the wrong side?Ha ha! Some days it did tip over into what some teachers would call disruptive. But I thought it was creative.What did you study at university?Music and music management. It was very helpful when signing my deal - because there were things I definitely wouldn't have had a clue about prior to taking that course.At the same time as studying, you were working at a betting shop and making music in your spare time. Did you get any sleep?Nah, barely. All my free time was up in the studio. I just had a feeling I was giving music my spare time, rather than my time. It got to a point where it felt very weird and I thought, This is all the wrong way round. I'm getting too comfortable at work and keeping music as a little side thing.I needed to give it my all to actually get the results that I wanted.Your dad was an MC too. How instrumental was he in your musical education?He played a huge part in all of this. He had quite an eclectic music taste, but there was loads of Sizzla, Buju Banton, a lot of the old-school reggae guys. That's where that part of my musical personality comes from.Who were the MCs you listened to growing up?In terms of MCs and rappers, it was definitely a lot of the hip-hop legends, like Busta, Eminem, Missy, Lil Kim. But I wasn't just inspired by MCs. I was a huge Spice Girls fan, too.Which one were you?They called me Wavey Spice! [Wavey is London slang for cool/good.]There weren't many female MCs in the UK to look up to.Well, there was Ms Dynamite. Seeing what she was able to achieve was inspiring.How do you feel about the current wave of female MCs?It's a good time and hopefully it'll continue to build.Why do you think it's happening now?Probably me! I bringing them with me!I saw a freestyle you recorded for SB:TV where you said you'd been told to get naked and wear thongs to sell records. Was that based on real experience?It's from personal experience as well as people that have told me stories. As women in this male-dominated field, we've all been approached with something along those lines at one point. It happens, but we have to be able to overcome it.I need to ask about the video to Station... I was worried you might die on the train tracks.A few people were, including my mum.How dangerous was it?It was literally by chance that we survived. There was no real planning. We didn't even get permission.Recently I found out we got the train times wrong. The train that would have been coming on the other side was actually due at the time we got off the tracks… We thought we had a good five minutes spare, but we had seconds.The other notable thing about that video, and Skwod too, is how much charisma you have. Were you always a natural in front of the camera?Yeah, basically. I'm in my element. I'm doing the thing I love and I'm being able to share that with people.This summer, you got to go to Rio for a grime showcase at the British embassy. What was that like?That was amazing. I loved Rio. Just to be part of the Olympics was extra-special, again with my squad. I look forward to going again.You'd expect the British embassy to choose something more boring, like Sting...Well, I'm actually a huge Sting fan. I wouldn't call him boring, but I get what you mean. It was definitely good to bring my sound over there.So what's your plan for 2017?It's going to be filled with a lot of music, a lot of visuals. If you thought this year was the Nadia Rose takeover, you have no idea!What's your biggest ambition?I definitely need a Grammy under me belt. One at least. At the very least. To bring a Grammy back to Croydon, how would that be, eh?Nadia Rose's debut album Highly Flammable is released on 13 January by Sony/Relentless Records.Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Welsh pop legend accused the BBC of sub-standard behaviour when it dropped him from the contest last year.But ITV has bought the rights to broadcast the programme from 2017 and has now invited him back.He will be joined in the big red chairs by long-serving judge Will.i.am, Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson and rock star Gavin Rossdale.Sir Tom said: I had some great times on the show and I can't wait to again discover and help some brand new talent. And of course be back with my pal Will.i.am.The 76-year-old appeared as a judge on the first four series but was not involved in the latest run.Last year, he said he was disappointed BBC executives told him with no consultation or conversation of any kind that he would not be returning.Sir Tom is known for hits including It's Not Unusual, Green Green Grass of Home, Delilah and Sex Bomb.Jennifer Hudson, who appeared on American Idol in 2004, won an Oscar for best supporting actress for Dreamgirls in 2007 and a Grammy Award in 2009.She said: I couldn't be more excited to join the amazing panel of coaches on The Voice UK.Rossdale is the frontman of rock band Bush, the former husband of singer Gwen Stefani and father of model and Strictly Come Dancing contestant Daisy Lowe.He said he was so thrilled to be joining The Voice UK after appearing as a guest on the US version of the series two years ago.He added: I have always been extremely proud to fly the flag for British rock music and I can't wait to join this incredible panel and help discover some new talent.ITV Network head of entertainment Siobhan Greene said she was absolutely chuffed to bits with the line-up.She continued: All four coaches are global artists in the music industry and are at the top of their game.Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "Input Text:  Spurs, who are having a new £400m stadium built next to their existing home White Hart Lane, could also play next season's home Champions League games at the national stadium.They aim to move into their new 61,000-seat home before the 2018-19 season.We're a long way down the path on reaching an agreement, Dyke said.I think there's some discussion about whether they'll play their Champions League games there at Wembley next year but I don't know much about that.Tottenham's north-London rivals Arsenal hosted Champions League games at Wembley in 1998-99 and 1999-2000.Dyke also said Chelsea could play home games at Wembley in the near future.The Blues have plans to redevelop Stamford Bridge, which could leave them needing a temporary home for several seasons.I think Chelsea might come for a longer period, he told Sky Sports News HQ. Chelsea have got really exciting plans for their stadium. They're going to demolish the whole thing and build a whole new stadium on the existing site.If they came to Wembley, that would mean them coming for three years.\n",
            "Input Text:  GB were beaten 24-18 by Israel, 37-14 by Hungary and 46-14 by Netherlands.The men's and women's teams had their £2.92m funding to support elite athletes removed after London 2012.Although we did not make the finals, there are some great young handball players in this country, said British Handball director David Meli.Our aim now is to find a way of bringing additional funding into the association to allow us to run other teams in both male and female competitions.Netherlands won all three games to secure their place at the finals in Rio, which take place from 19 July to 2 August.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Labour leader said his party would invest in infrastructure but expected action on low wages and workers' rights in return, while there would also be an increase in corporation tax.He told the CBI that Labour's planned national investment bank would boost lending to small and medium-size firms.The Tories said Labour only offered spending, borrowing and taxing.Mr Corbyn told delegates at the CBI's conference he would not tell them how to run their organisations but would not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace or the boardroom.He warned of real problems in today's jobs market, citing low wages, insecure temporary contracts and the gender pay gap.For too many families in Britain increasingly insecure work means they cannot plan for their future, or how to pay the bills, mortgage or rent, he said.There are far, far too many people struggling to make ends meet.Mr Corbyn joked he and the CBI would both have been shocked if they had been told two years ago he would be addressing the conference.But he said Labour had plenty of common ground with the organisation.He vowed Labour would be on the side of the innovators, entrepreneurs and investors, saying its investment bank plans would unleash the creativity and potential of entrepreneurial Britain.He said both the Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States represented an unmistakable rejection of a political establishment and an economic system which hasn't been working for most people.It's a system that's delivered ballooning inequality along with falling or stagnating living standards for the majority.Labour says it would increase borrowing to invest in infrastructure, and Mr Corbyn urged Chancellor Philip Hammond to change course and take the bold action necessary to support our economy.He said Labour would increase investment in green technology and boost house building.Labour's settlement for business, he said, will mean some increase in corporation tax while maintaining one of the lowest rates in the world.He added: But see it as a sound investment not only in your own business's long-term future but for the common good of the country.Mr Corbyn also warned of a chaotic Brexit and said Labour would campaign for Britain to retain full access to the single market.Conservative Party chairman Sir Patrick McLoughlin said: Jeremy Corbyn has shown once again that all Labour offer is a recipe for economic ruin, while they're totally out of touch with the public's concerns on immigration as we leave the EU.Prime Minister Theresa May addressed the CBI earlier, announcing Â£2bn of annual investment in research and development by 2020 and an industrial strategy aimed at spreading economic growth across the UK.\n",
            "Input Text:  Satellite images taken on 14 February appear to show two batteries of eight missile launchers and a radar system on Woody or Yongxing Island in the Paracels.The presence of missiles would significantly increase tensions in the acrimonious South China Sea dispute.China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi said reports were a Western media invention.But Mr Wang defended the limited and necessary self-defence facilities on islands inhabited by Chinese personnel as consistent with the right for self-preservation and self-protection.... under the international law.Asked about the reports, US Secretary of State John Kerry attacked China's increased militarisation of the contested region, saying it was a serious concern.Taiwan's defence ministry said it had learned of an air defence missile system deployed by the Chinese on Woody Island.It would not say how many missiles had been deployed or when, but told the BBC they would be capable of targeting civilian and military aircraft.The commander of the US Pacific Fleet confirmed the deployment to Reuters news agency.Adm Harry Harris said such a move would be a militarisation of the South China Sea in ways China's President Xi Jinping had pledged not to make.Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said there were serious concerns over China's unilateral move to change the status quo in the region, and we cannot accept this fact.China has been carrying out extensive land reclamation work in the region, which it says is legal and for civilian purposes.But the work has angered other countries which also claim the territory, and there is growing concern about the implications of the area becoming militarised.The latest images of Woody Island were captured by ImageSat International.They show a close-up of a section of beach, the shape of which resembles the northern coastline as it appears on other images, and point out two missiles batteries. Each battery is made up of four launchers and two control vehicles.Two of the the launchers appear to have been erected, says the report.An image taken of the site on 3 February shows the beach empty.Fox News quoted a US defence official as saying the missiles appeared to be the HQ-9 air defence system, with a range of about 200km (125 miles).China's deployment of long-range surface-to-air missiles to the South China Sea is a clear escalation, but it is not a surprise.Nor is it China's first deployment of advanced military technology to Woody Island (Yongxing Dao). Last November, photos appeared on the internet of Chinese J-11 fighter jets landing on the newly-enlarged runway there.Sending the missile batteries now could be a warning to Vietnam, or a response to the US Navy, which sailed a missile destroyer past Woody Island at the end of January.So far Beijing has been careful not to put any weapons on its newly-constructed islands further south, in the Spratly group. That would be much more provocative.Last month Beijing even sent two civilian airliners to land on its newly-completed runway at Fiery Cross Reef.It was a good publicity stunt. But no one should be in any doubt that the true purpose of those new islands and their new runways is also military.The news comes as South East Asian regional leaders end a two-day meeting in California where South China Sea had been a topic of debate.US President Barack Obama said the members had discussed the need for tangible steps to reduce tensions, including a halt to further reclamation, new construction and militarization of disputed areas.Rival countries have wrangled over territory in the South China Sea for centuries, but tension has steadily increased in recent years.Its islets and waters are claimed in part or in whole by Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei.China has backed its expansive claims with island-building and naval patrols, while the US says it opposes restrictions on freedom of navigation and unlawful sovereignty claims - by all sides, but seen by many as aimed at China.The frictions have sparked concern that the area is becoming a flashpoint with global consequences.Although largely uninhabited, the Paracels and the Spratlys may have reserves of natural resources around them. There has been little detailed exploration of the area, so estimates are largely extrapolated from the mineral wealth of neighbouring areas.The sea is also a major shipping route and home to fishing grounds that supply the livelihoods of people across the region.\n",
            "Input Text:  A head teachers' conference has heard claims of threats such as dead animals being left in school playgrounds.Trojan Horse has not gone away, said Sarah Hewitt-Clarkson, head of Anderton Park School in Birmingham.Responding to the claims, Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said: There is no place for extremism in our schools.The National Association of Head Teachers' annual conference in Liverpool heard warnings that problems over extremism remained unresolved and schools could still face pressure on issues such as tackling homophobia.The so-called Trojan Horse inquiries followed allegations that there were organised attempts by hardline Muslim groups to undermine head teachers and take over schools in Birmingham.Head teachers at the conference complained that no governors had been barred as a result of the inquiries and they called for a database which would identify individuals removed from governing bodies.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson told the head teachers' conference: Trojan Horse has not gone away. Those of us who were involved, we knew it was the tip of the iceberg.We still have dead animals hung on the gates of schools, dismembered cats on playgrounds. We have petitions outside schools, objecting to teachers teaching against homophobia.There were threats on social media, she said, such as Any head teacher who teaches my children it's alright to be gay will be at the end of my shotgun.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson said she knew of a school which had found a dismembered cat in the playground, while another had a dog hanging from the railings.Head teachers warned that despite the high profile reports following the Trojan Horse claims, the response had been inadequate.Alison Marshall told the conference: Despite all the evidence we have, we're faced with a situation where not one single governor implicated in the Trojan Horse scandal has been investigated or even banned. Where is the justice in that?And Ms Hewitt-Clarkson warned that the problems underlying the Trojan Horse claims could start up again.All the behaviours and things we saw before are still there. So too have promises that have been broken, she told the NAHT conference.There were particular concerns about the lack of scrutiny over the role of governors, highlighted by the Trojan Horse inquiries.Tim Gallagher told delegates the lack of regulation meant it was blindingly obvious that there would be problems with governing bodies.Many, many of our members have suffered greatly from rogue governors, he said.The conference carried a motion calling for a national register of governors who have been removed or barred so that schools and local authorities can check the suitability of governors.The BBC revealed earlier this year that there is no central record of governors held by the Department for Education, which would also show people serving as governors in multiple schools, one of the concerns raised in the Trojan Horse inquiries.Mrs Morgan, responding to the heads' warnings, said: There is no place for extremism in our schools and we continue, absolutely, to work to eliminate any form of extremism.But the Conservative education secretary said: This is a reminder that this is a serious issue and something that is not going to be solved overnight.We have taken action to remove and continue to take action to remove people from being in schools who don't follow British values.\n",
            "Input Text:  And many of those communities will have voted Labour. For years this was a party heartland which was home to big beasts like Tam Dalyell and Robin Cook. Before his death, Mr Cook had a majority of more than 13,000 - he commanded the support of more than half of the electorate.But much has changed here. The mines are closed, the economy is now focussed on some remnants of small industry, retail and elsewhere. Livingston and its surrounding towns often acts as feeders for Edinburgh.Robin Chesters is director at the Scottish Shale Industry Museum.There are still communities here who remember those days, he says, it's the parents, it's the grandparents - but in places like Livingston there have been tremendous changes in population.The Labour candidate here is a vocal supporter of Jeremy Corbyn. And she thinks the Labour leader's message is appealing to voters.I think for a long time communities like this were taken for granted the SNP had something really positive to offer - that was independence. But we've now seen the reality, she says, referring to a perceived lack of progress under the SNP Scottish government.The choice, she says, is clear: A Labour government or a Conservative government.I think that's cutting through.Some here though don't seem to mind the idea of a Conservative government all that much.The Tories here are buoyed by local election results and national opinion polls. Their candidate thinks he is in with a good chance of beating Ms Wolfson - putting the party once seen as the enemy of miners above Labour for the first time in modern history here.Damian Timson says: There are two types of Conservatives - there's this bogeyman conservative that people talk about and then there's the real conservative; the likes of myself and Ruth Davidson and everyone else and I think at last the message has got out that we're a party for everyone.But this seat was won comfortably by the SNP in 2015 - Hannah Bardell took even more of the vote that Robin Cook had back in 2005 (she won 57% of the vote  - a majority of almost 17,000).People have found that the SNP have been a strong voice for them in Livingston - I've done everything in my power to raise constituency issues on the floor of the house, she says.There has certainly been big changes in Livingston. But what West Lothian and Livingston have been very good at doing is bouncing back - and what the SNP have offered is support for the new industries.The Lib Dem candidate Charlie Dundas will be hoping he improves on his showing from 2015 - when the party won just 2.1% of the vote - losing its deposit and finishing behind UKIP.His pitch?There's only one party that is standing up for the two unions that they believe in - Livingston voted to remain in the UK back in 2014; Livingston voted to remain the EU.\n",
            "Input Text:  De Roon moved to Teesside in June 2016 for an initial £8.8m fee and played 33 Premier League games last term.The Netherlands international, 26, scored five goals in 36 league and cup games during his spell at Boro.Meanwhile, manager Garry Monk confirmed the Championship club's interest in signing Chelsea midfielder Lewis Baker.He's a target and one of many that we've had throughout the summer months, said Monk.Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.\n",
            "Input Text:  Media playback is not supported on this deviceThe news of Annan Athletic's 4-1 fourth-round win over Hamilton Academical was far-reaching.Omar, the son of refugees from Iraqi Kurdistan, was featured in the local press there.There's a big following there now, my uncle tells me, said the Glasgow University student.A lot of them, when they are looking out for scores, will look out for Annan Athletic now.Annan's dream ended in the fifth round though, when they lost 4-1 to Morton.For more information about how to get into football, take a look at the Get Inspired page on the sport.\n",
            "Input Text:  The 36-year-old defender, who took up a coaching role at St James Park last year, has not featured in City's first team since the end of February.Regarding the playing, I know in my head that things are slowly coming to an end, he told BBC Sport.I'm not knocking on (manager) Paul Tisdale's door asking why I'm not playing every week, that's for sure.Butterfield has been at Exeter for three seasons, having spent eight years at Crystal Palace, where he famously scored a six-minute hat-trick against Wolves in the FA Cup in 2010.At the minute it is a little bit of an emergency style usage of myself, Butterfield added of his role within the Exeter playing squad.We've not openly discussed where we're going forward with that, I'm sure next season it'll be more coaching-based, with perhaps the registration still being held as a 'what if'.I'm enjoying what I'm doing with Tis (Tisdale) and the rest of the coaching staff and I'm certainly enjoying working with the lads on the coaching front and I hope they're enjoying working with me.I'm thankful to Tis for giving me the opportunity to use the transition into the coaching.It's a win-win for both as Tis uses me if and when and I'm alongside him every day in training and close to the boys trying to get the best out of them.\n",
            "Input Text:  The Transforming British Tennis Together initiative aims to make the sport more accessible.Over the next 10 years, it will raise the number of covered and floodlit courts by 50%, refurbish facilities and make courts easier to book online.The LTA's Alastair Marks said: We're focused on getting the next generation of players on court and having fun.Get Inspired: LTA's £250m for better tennis accessThe governing body will invest £125m to improve existing community facilities and is hoping to source a further £125m through matched funding.Only 7% of Britain's 23,000 courts have covers and one in seven park courts have floodlights.With the new funding, the LTA aims to deliver:The initiative has been tried out on a trial basis in 10 towns and cities, including Sheffield, where £1.5m was invested and has increased the number of people playing tennis by 54% over the last three years.Marks, participation director at the LTA, added: There's never been a better time to invest in making our tennis courts the social hubs of their communities once again.Clubs and communities can register their interest in bidding for the funding here.\n",
            "Input Text:  Kevin Patrick Dawes, 33, was abducted in 2012 as he entered Syria.US officials told the Washington Post that the Syrian government never acknowledged detaining Mr Dawes, but they believe the government or an affiliated group was holding him.The State Department said Mr Dawes was turned over to Russian authorities.The Russia government has been backing the government of President Bashar al-Assad amid a civil war, which is now in its sixth year.The Czech government, which represents US diplomatic interests in Syria, helped secure his release.State Department spokesman John Kirby said the US is working with the Czech officials to free Austin Tice and other missing or detained Americans in Syria.Mr Tice, a journalist, disappeared in August 2012 while working in Syria. He appeared blindfolded in a video a month after his abduction but has not been heard from since.\n",
            "Input Text:  BHS.com will employ just 84 people, a fraction of the 11,000 who lost their jobs after efforts to find a buyer for the high-street business failed.The last of BHS's 163 department stores was closed last month.The new website, which is owned by the Qatari Al Mana Group, will go live in the UK on Thursday.We are nimble and efficient, but with a great brand, strong customer base and a proven and dedicated team, said David Anderson, the managing director of the new online operation.Mr Anderson added that the website would have a number of advantages over a typical start-up, including an iconic brand and a loyal customer base in the UK, including 1.2 million former online shoppers.BHS.com will sell roughly 75% of the items available on the former online shop, including bedroom, bathroom, cushion and lighting ranges.The new owner of BHS' online shop, Qatari conglomerate Al Mana Group, already works with a number of high-street brands, such as Zara, Mango, United Colours of Benetton and Reebok.Mr Anderson said an all-new online technology platform had been developed for BHS, so we are not inheriting any legacy systems.He said the majority of people who worked for the previous BHS online operation had been recruited for the new business.\n",
            "Input Text:  The proposals mean charges would be placed on 625 spaces in the area and restrictions placed on a further 741.Reading Borough Council has spent four years designing the scheme to relieve parking pressures at the hospital and to make parking easier for residents.The petition, set up by hospital staff, describes the scheme as problematic.The online petition opposes the introduction of pay and display meters for Addington Road, Erleigh Road and other roads around the hospital in Reading.Clare Goulbourn-Lay, a Royal Berkshire Hospital midwife, set up the petition to express her concerns about the potential consequences of the scheme.By making changes to this road, you're not just making it difficult for the staff, you're making it difficult for the patients and pushing the problem further out, she said.With the university so close as well, there simply isn't enough parking space as it is. To add another restriction is just silly.She has called for the scheme to be cancelled or redesigned to help make spending time with loved ones easier and to limit the stress and anxiety of staff and patients.John Sharpe, who lives on Erleigh Road, has called the plans divisive and said he is concerned the restrictions will make parking pressures worse.I'm scared it will become impossible to live in the area, he added.Reading Borough Council said up to five years of public consultation had taken place on the principle of prioritising parking for residents in the area and that further public input on the plans are being sought.Residents have until 13 June to submit their views to the council.\n",
            "Input Text:  Leonie Granger from Gillingham, Kent, was sentenced at the Old Bailey having been found guilty of manslaughter.Her boyfriend Kyrron Jackson, 28, and his friend Nicholas Chandler, 29, were found guilty of murder and jailed for life with a minimum term of 36 years.Granger targeted Mehmet Hassan, 56, in a Mayfair casino in March last year.Judge William Kennedy described the attack as pitiless and wicked, adding: It was quite simply an act of brutality which defies reason and compassion.Granger's lawyer Orlando Pownall said she only took part in the plot as she was in love with Jackson and fell in with his desires and now deeply regretted her actions.Her head was turned by Jackson, who she loved, and to some extent by Chandler who was persuasive and superficially charming, he said.But Judge Kennedy said she had been deceitful from the outset and had lost her sense and compassion when she got involved.He added that she clearly cared more for Jackson than he cared for her.Granger, who posed under the name of Rachel, was wined and dined by the divorced father of three who boasted to friends he was not paying her to be with him, the court heard earlier.On the night he was killed, Mr Hassan had taken Granger to the upmarket Nobu restaurant before giving her Â£1,000 to gamble with at the nearby Palm Beach Casino.The two were seen kissing passionately by a poker supervisor, before leaving the casino together for Mr Hassan's flat in Islington.Granger then let Jackson and Chandler into the poker player's flat before leaving in a taxi.Both men tied up Mr Hassan with parcel tape and a neck tie before kicking and stamping him to death, the trial was told.Afterwards, while he lay dead in a pool of blood, all three were filmed on Granger's mobile phone throwing Â£50 notes around a room and even stuffing  them in their underpants.Commenting on the footage, Judge Kennedy told the three defendants: The eloquence with which it speaks about you is deafening.\n",
            "Input Text:  If Prime Minister Theresa May does not appear to have had a particularly good night, Ruth Davidson, the Tory leader in Scotland, certainly has.The Scottish Tories have seen double-digit increases in their vote in almost every seat. They've more than doubled their returns in some places where the party was previously unelectable.First they knocked off Angus Robertson, the SNP's deputy leader and top dog at Westminster.They had called that their Portillo moment - but their best was yet to come, as they dethroned Alex Salmond in Gordon. They even overturned the fourth-safest seat in the country, in Banff and Buchan.Other Scottish Tory gains include:It's been a long time since the Tories have had a night like this in Scotland.In four elections in a row, they returned a single MP. The year before that, 1997, they got zero. You have to go back to 1992 for the last time they won more than a single seat in Scotland.They ended up with 13 - the party's best showing north of the border since 1983.What this Tory resurgence means for the rest of the UK in terms of parliamentary calculations is unclear. The margins are razor-thin, so every seat is precious.But the Tories are resolute in what they believe it means for Scotland.Indyref2 is dead, Ms Davidson says. The prospect of a second independence referendum has been at the core of the Tory campaign, and indeed their entire revival in Scotland.The SNP have a majority of seats, and thus a triple lock mandate for that referendum, according to their manifesto - but it certainly seems a more distant prospect than ever.And while Mrs May's future might now be in doubt, Ms Davidson's star is burning more brightly than ever.\n",
            "Input Text:  The crash happened at Evanton at about 17:20 on Saturday. The fire service and the air ambulance was sent to the scene.The occupants of all three vehicles were injured, but the extent of their injuries was not known, police said.A spokesman added: Inquiries are ongoing into this matter and no further witnesses are sought at this time.\n",
            "Input Text:  Martin McCauley was seriously wounded and a teenager was killed when police opened fire on a hayshed in County Armagh in 1982.It later emerged that the security services had secretly recorded what happened.The evidence was not made available to the court during his trial.The 52-year-old, from Lurgan, County Armagh, was arrested along with Niall Connolly and James Monaghan in Colombia in 2001 and accused of IRA training of rebel FARC guerrilla forces.They were initially cleared of the charge, only to be convicted on appeal and sentenced to 17 years in jail.But the three men avoided imprisonment by fleeing Colombia in 2004, turning up in the Republic of Ireland a year later.Even though Mr McCauley faces extradition to South America if he returns to Northern Ireland, the Court of Appeal in Belfast is examining a weapons conviction for which he received a two-year suspended jail sentence.Police claimed Martin McCauley confronted them with a rifle at a hayshed 32 years ago during the so-called RUC shoot to kill incident.He was seriously injured and Michael Tighe was killed when RUC officers opened fire.In 1985, Martin McCauley was convicted of possession of three rifles found inside the shed and given a two-year suspended sentence.He had insisted he and Michael Tighe, had not been armed and that the police opened fire without warning.The police told the court that was not true.Years after his conviction, it was revealed that MI5 had a listening device hidden inside the hayshed at the time of the shooting that recorded what happened.That recording could have re-established whether the police issued any warnings or made any reference to Mr McCauley being armed before they opened fire.The existence of the recording was not made known to the court at the time of his trial.Its existence was discovered by the former Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police, Sir John Stalker, as part of his investigation into allegations that the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was operating a shoot to kill policy.He also discovered that the recording was later destroyed.Last year, the Criminal Cases Review Commission referred his case to the Court of Appeal, on the basis that potentially significant material had been withheld from the judge.In a dramatic development on Wednesday, Gerald Simpson QC told the court he had been instructed to read a statement on behalf of the prosecution service.It said material relevant to the decision to prosecute Mr McCauley was withheld from the director of public prosecutions at the time, from the court and from the defence in the trial.The statement said this served only to undermine public confidence in the criminal justice system and to bring it into disrepute.The lawyer told the three Appeal Court judges that the prosecution service would not be making any submissions to uphold the conviction and invited them to exercise their discretion to quash it.The judges will sit next week to decide whether to do so.Mr McCauley's lawyers will argue that the conviction should be quashed on the basis that vital evidence was not available to the trial judge.The contents of John Stalker's investigation into the incident have never been made public.The lawyers hope that will change during next week's hearing.Mr McCauley was tried in public, and he was convicted in public and it's his fundamental right that these documents be opened in the public court, so that he and the general public are aware of what actually occurred, Mr McCauley's lawyer, Fearghal Shiels, said.Mr McCauley was not in court to hear the prosecution statement on Wednesday as he faces extradition to south America if he returns to Northern Ireland.\n",
            "Input Text:  The alert began just after midday when police received a report of a suspicious device at the back of business premises on Dunluce Street.Officers cordoned off the scene and part of the street was closed. It reopened at about 17:30 BST.The suspect object was examined by Army bomb experts who declared it a hoax device.Chief Inspector Stephen McCauley said: Police acted quickly to keep people safe and away from the suspicious object.Many businesses and a few residents in the area were evacuated.The lives of local people have been disrupted today and I lay the blame on those who planted the hoax device. Their actions are irresponsible and show disregard for the local community.Hoax devices can be very realistic and similar in look to the real thing. Where there is a clear threat to life, police must take action to keep people safe.\n",
            "Input Text:  Mr Turnbull said the titles were not appropriate in modern Australia, and that Queen Elizabeth had accepted the cabinet's recommendation to drop them.Former PM Tony Abbott reintroduced knighthoods and damehoods in 2014.His controversial decision to grant Prince Philip a knighthood in January was widely seen as one of the factors which ended his term as leader.Mr Abbott at the time said Australia was honouring the Duke of Edinburgh's lifetime of service and dedication, but later said the decision was injudicious.He was ousted as leader of the centre-right Liberal Party by Mr Turnbull in September.Analysis: Jon Donnison, BBC News, SydneyThe decision to give Prince Philip a knighthood was hugely unpopular in Australia and seen as one of the biggest blunders of Tony Abbott's brief time in office.Now the new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, who in 1999 led Australia's unsuccessful campaign to abandon the monarchy and become a republic, has dropped knights and dames.The prime minister will have the chance to discuss the matter with the Duke of Edinburgh's son later this month, when Prince Charles comes to Australia on a royal visit.Mr Turnbull has recently said he remains a republican but says he does not regard the issue as a priority for his government.End of 'Knightmare' poses republican questionIn a statement, Mr Turnbull said the Order of Australia awards were an important way of honouring the achievements and service of many Australians, including those unsung heroes who might not otherwise be recognised outside their local communities.But he said his cabinet had recently reviewed the system and decided that the knighthoods and damehoods were not appropriate in our modern honours system.Existing knights and dames would not be affected by the change, he said.The opposition Labor party welcomed the move, with shadow treasurer Chris Bowen describing the titles a national disgrace.But he said it was not appropriate for Australia to be clinging onto imperial Britain through our honours system.We shouldn't be celebrating the fact that knights and dames are gone, we should be lamenting the fact that they came back under this government, ABC News quoted him as saying.However, monarchist groups in Australia criticised the decision.Prominent Australian monarchist David Flint accused Mr Turnbull of trying to get revenge for the failed 1999 republic referendum, the Sydney Morning Herald reported.Mr Flint, the head of the Australians for Constitutional Monarchy organisation, said scrapping the titles means Australia can't give international recognition to its best soldiers, sportsmen and singers.Australia's honours systemCommonwealth honours systemsAlongside Prince Phillip, three people have received the honour since 2014 - former New South Wales governor Marie Bashir, former Governor-General Peter Cosgrove and the former Chief of the Defence Force Angus Houston.Australians rallied together online under the hashtag #KnightsAndDames to welcome Mr Turnbull's announcement.Many agreed that this was a step forward for Australia.Others felt there were more pressing issues to be dealt with.\n",
            "Input Text:  Sevilla, winners of the tournament in 2014 and 2015, led early on through Vitolo's close-range strike.Marlos equalised with a composed finish from 18 yards before Taras Stepanenko headed the Ukrainian side in front before half-time.But Kevin Gameiro's late penalty earned the Spaniards a draw.The French attacker showed no signs of nerves, converting confidently from the spot after Facundo Ferreyra fouled Vitolo just inside the area.The result leaves Sevilla on course for a third consecutive Europa League success, with the two away goals making them firm favourites to advance to the final in Basel.No team has won three consecutive European titles since Bayern Munich achieved the feat 40 years ago, and if Unai Emery's side progress from next Thursday's second leg in Spain, only Liverpool or Villarreal stand between them and a piece of history. The first leg of that tie ended 1-0 to Villarreal.Sevilla have not won away from home all season in La Liga and have managed just one victory on their travels in this competition, so a draw in Lviv represents a fine achievement.But their home form is excellent - they have won 14 of 18 league games at their Ramon Sanchez Pizjuan Stadium - meaning their bid to become the first team to win the Europa League three times in a row remains very much alive.\n",
            "Input Text:  The party's economy spokesman Rhun ap Iorwerth warned steel's troubles were a canary in the mine, warning of deeper problems across a range of industries.These include basic metals, chemicals and wood.The Welsh government called on Westminster to address the impact of high energy prices on industry.The UK government has been asked to comment.Plaid said Gross Value Added (GVA) figures -  which measure the value of goods and services produced - show the so-called foundation industries in Wales have suffered a 39% decline in the five years to 2013.Mr ap Iorwerth urged the Welsh government to take action to help industries combat high energy costs.He said: Figures show that the threat to our economy runs far deeper than steel, but affects the range of industries that our economy is built upon.This includes the chemical industry, other metals, and wood products. Wales' foundation industries have witnessed a steep decline.He said UK government should also work with the EU to ensure maximum flexibility in use of procurement legislation so that they can better protect British industry.A Welsh government spokesman said: No-one has defended the steel industry more than the Welsh government.We have raised with the UK government over several years our concerns about the impact high UK energy prices are having on the competitiveness of our industries and again call on them to address this major problem.The economy minister has set-up an industry-led task group to gather examples of good procurement practices and to identify support other EU countries have provided to their steel industries.Pro Steel Engineering in Caldicot, Monmouthshire, is only three years old but has benefited from contracts in London, including the new Olympic Stadium roof in London for West Ham United and strengthening the Hammersmith fly-over.Director Richard Selby said: We're fortunate we're expanding and are hoping to start recruiting in a couple of months and we have a full order book.We've had the ability to stay agile and seizing the opportunities.But the foundation industries need a lot more support, particularly with the energy costs we have, and we need for the Welsh government and Westminster to get behind them to help them thrive.Economist Prof Calvin Jones, of Cardiff University, said the foundation industries were still important in terms of their high economic value and for being iconic.But he said Wales' growth areas had been in retail, hotels, back-office financial services and the public sector.We have to think about how they will fulfil Wales' economic destiny as we'd like to see it, he said.Of course, on current structures they can't, they simply aren't like Tata which is a company which is incredibly valuable in so many ways.A back office for a bank simply can't do the same things for Wales, no matter how many bums on seats there are in those call centres. They don't provide the same jobs or a narrative for the Welsh economy that will give us a future vision.Prof Jones said the steel industry in Wales had done relatively well to avoid the worst of the crisis so far.There have been big rounds of redundancies over the last 30 years and we've a very lean operation in Wales and geographically we're better placed than those steelworks in the north of England and Scotland.\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Fast forward about 20 years, and it's fair to say he has done just that.The\n",
            "business he runs, Frasers Hospitality, is one of the world's biggest providers of high-end serviced\n",
            "apartments. Its 148 properties span about 80 capital cities, as well as financial hubs across\n",
            "Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.But it almost didn't get off the ground.When Mr Choe was\n",
            "appointed to launch and lead the company, Asia was booming; the tiger economies of Hong Kong, South\n",
            "Korea, Taiwan and Singapore were expanding rapidly.But as Frasers prepared to open its first two\n",
            "properties in Singapore, the Asian financial crisis hit.It was 1997. Currencies went into freefall.\n",
            "Suddenly, people were losing their jobs and stopped travelling.Mr Choe recalls asking staff if they\n",
            "really wanted to continue working with the firm, because when the properties opened they might not\n",
            "get paid.It was really that serious, he says. I remember tearing up because they said 'let's open\n",
            "it, let's open it whether you can pay us or not'.Survival, Mr Choe admits, came through a bit of\n",
            "luck, and the misfortune of others.He had convinced the board at parent firm, property group Frasers\n",
            "Centrepoint, to open serviced apartments rather than hotels - partly because getting planning\n",
            "permission in Singapore was easier.But he also sensed it was a big, untapped market. And at the time\n",
            "of the crisis, it proved to be exactly what customers wanted.As we were going through this difficult\n",
            "patch, there were protests and riots in Jakarta, he says. A lot of companies like Microsoft called\n",
            "up looking for rooms for their staff because they were moving out of Jakarta.Frasers' 412 apartments\n",
            "were quickly in demand. Occupancy soon hit 70%, and then 90%.Explaining the popularity of serviced\n",
            "apartments, Mr Choe says that if people are staying somewhere for just a few days, they happily stay\n",
            "in hotels, but if they are going to be somewhere for one month to eight months, the walls of hotel\n",
            "rooms close in on you.But now, Mr Choe, 57, faces new challenges - the travel tastes of millennials\n",
            "and the disruptive nature of Airbnb.The way to tackle Airbnb is not to ignore it\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: On the first day in his new job, Choe Peng Sum was given a fairly simple brief: Just go make us a lot of money.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: When he first started his business in Singapore, it was like opening a hotel.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: The world's biggest hospital provider has been appointed to lead the company in Singapore.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The accident meant the motorway was closed, making travel to Mourneview\n",
            "Park impossible for the team and fans travelling from Belfast, said the Irish Football Association.A\n",
            "new date for the match has yet to be confirmed by Uefa.Northern Ireland have three points from their\n",
            "first two Group Six qualifiers.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: The Women's Euro 2017 qualifier between Northern Ireland and the Czech Republic in Lurgan on Friday was postponed after a serious accident on the M1.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Northern Ireland's Euro 2016 qualifier against the Republic of Ireland will be delayed after a car crash in Belfast.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Northern Ireland have been struck by a motorway following an incident in Belfast.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The Sunday Times says the missile veered off course during a test in June\n",
            "last year - weeks before the Commons voted to spend £40bn renewing Trident.Questioned by Andrew\n",
            "Marr, the PM refused to say four times if she had known about the test ahead of the vote.The SNP's\n",
            "Nicola Sturgeon called for a full disclosure of what happened.According to the Sunday Times, an\n",
            "unarmed Trident II D5 missile veered off in the wrong direction towards the US - instead of towards\n",
            "Africa - when it was launched from a British submarine off the coast of Florida.In July - days after\n",
            "Mrs May had become prime minister - MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of replacing Trident.During\n",
            "the debate, Mrs May told MPs it would be an act of gross irresponsibility for the UK to abandon its\n",
            "nuclear weapons.MPs backed its renewal by 472 votes to 117. However, all 52 SNP MPs voted against it\n",
            "- as did Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.When asked on the BBC's Andrew Marr Show whether she had known\n",
            "then that a misfire had happened, Mrs May said: I have absolute faith in our Trident missiles.When I\n",
            "made that speech in the House of Commons, what we were talking about was whether or not we should\n",
            "renew our Trident.She was asked a further three times - but did not answer the questions.The\n",
            "Ministry of Defence did not give details of the test process but said it had been a success.Scottish\n",
            "First Minister, Mrs Sturgeon - a long-standing opponent of Trident, whose submarines are based at\n",
            "Faslane, on the River Clyde - said the apparent misfire was a hugely serious issue.She tweeted:\n",
            "There should be full disclosure of what happened, who knew what/when, and why the House of Commons\n",
            "wasn't told.Meanwhile, Mr Corbyn said the reports called for a serious discussion.He told Sky News:\n",
            "It's a pretty catastrophic error when a missile goes in the wrong direction, and while it wasn't\n",
            "armed, goodness knows what the consequences of that could have been.Nia Griffith, the shadow defence\n",
            "secretary, said it was completely unacceptable that Mrs May had side-stepped questions.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Theresa May is coming under pressure to say whether she knew about a reported misfire of the UK's nuclear weapons system before a crucial Commons vote.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Prime Minister Theresa May has refused to answer questions about an apparent misfire of a Trident missile.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Theresa May has said she was absolute faith in the House of Commons' test process to renew its Trident missiles.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: A spokesman for Palm Beach Gardens police in Florida confirmed to the BBC\n",
            "they were investigating a fatal crash involving the Grand Slam champion.A man was taken to hospital\n",
            "after the accident on 9 June and died two weeks later from his injuries, he said.According to TMZ,\n",
            "which broke the story, police believe the seven-time Grand Slam champion was at fault.But a lawyer\n",
            "for Williams said it was an unfortunate accident.The man who died, Jerome Barson, was travelling\n",
            "with his wife who was driving their vehicle through an intersection when the accident\n",
            "happened.Williams' car suddenly darted into their path and was unable to clear the junction in time\n",
            "due to traffic jams, according to witness statements in a police report obtained by US media.Mrs\n",
            "Barson was also taken to hospital but survived.[Williams] is at fault for violating the right of way\n",
            "of [the other driver], the report said, adding that there were no other factors like drugs, alcohol\n",
            "or mobile phone distractions.The 37-year-old tennis star reportedly told police she did not see the\n",
            "couple's car and she was driving slowly.Police spokesman Major Paul Rogers said police were\n",
            "investigating whether the incident was connected to Mr Barson's death.Williams' lawyer Malcolm\n",
            "Cunningham told CNN in a statement: Ms Williams entered the intersection on a green light. The\n",
            "police report estimates that Ms Williams was travelling at 5mph when Mrs Barson crashed into\n",
            "her.Authorities did not issue Ms Williams with any citations or traffic violations. This is an\n",
            "unfortunate accident and Venus expresses her deepest condolences to the family who lost a loved\n",
            "one.Next week, Williams is due to play at Wimbledon in London, where she is seeded 10th.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: US tennis star Venus Williams has been involved in a car accident that led to the death of a 78-year-old man.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Tennis star Venus Williams has been charged with causing death by dangerous driving following a crash in Florida.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: The US Open champion John Williams has died after being hit by a car in Florida, police say.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea did, however, allow Ghana\n",
            "to continue developing current oilfields.These include the so called-Ten fields, part owned by UK\n",
            "firm Tullow Oil.Ivory Coast had asked that all drilling be suspended, but the tribunal ruled this\n",
            "would risk considerable financial loss to Ghana.Instead, it told the West African nation to take all\n",
            "necessary steps to ensure than no new drilling either by Ghana or under its control takes place in\n",
            "the disputed area and to refrain from granting any new permit for oil exploration and exploitation\n",
            "in the disputed area.The area is believed to contain large reserves of oil, which both countries are\n",
            "keen to exploit.Pending a ruling on the precise maritime border, the tribunal told both countries to\n",
            "pursue co-operation and refrain from any unilateral action that might lead to aggravating the\n",
            "dispute.The ruling was welcomed by Tullow Oil, which owns a large stake in the near $5bn (£3.3bn)\n",
            "Ten project, which could reportedly produce up to 80,000 barrels a day.Following this ruling, the\n",
            "Ten project can move ahead and we will now await instructions from the government of Ghana with\n",
            "regard to implementing those provisional measures that have been ordered by [the tribunal], a Tullow\n",
            "spokesman said.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Ghana has been told by an international tribunal not to begin any new offshore drilling for oil in disputed waters with the Ivory Coast.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Ghana has been ordered to stop drilling in the disputed area of the African Sea, after an international tribunal ruled that it would risk significant financial loss to the country.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Ghana has accused the government of drilling oilfields in the disputed area of Ivory Coast of being suspended.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The public car park is just off the Upper Newtownards Road, one of the main\n",
            "routes into the city.Thousands of wooden pallets are now piled up where previously there were parked\n",
            "cars.The bonfire makers are involved in a dispute with the city council over the storing of\n",
            "pallets.They say the council collected pallets from the area earlier this year, agreed to store them\n",
            "and return them this month but failed to do so.Bonfire builder Macauley McKinney, 21, said: We had\n",
            "an agreement with the council that they were going to store the pallets in a safe place, and now\n",
            "because the agreement was broken, they've let us down.Belfast City Council is not commenting in\n",
            "detail on the issue, as an investigation has been called into the storing of pallets.A spokesperson\n",
            "said: It was agreed at a meeting of Belfast City Council's Strategic Policy and Resources Committee\n",
            "on Friday that an investigation and full review, led by the chief executive with independent input,\n",
            "would be carried out into the issue of collection and storage of bonfire material, and the future\n",
            "approach of bonfires across the city.The committee's decision needs to be approved at a full council\n",
            "meeting next week.Traditionally, bonfires are lit in many loyalist areas of Northern Ireland on the\n",
            "eleventh night - the eve of the Twelfth of July, an annual celebration to mark William of Orange's\n",
            "victory over King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: A car park in east Belfast has been closed to the public by young men building bonfires.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Bonfires have been lit in a car park in Belfast's central business district.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Belfast City Council has agreed to store bonfires in a safe place over its collection and storage.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Reports on Wednesday suggested more than one iguana was actually filmed,\n",
            "with scenes then stitched together.But the BBC has said only one animal was chased by the snakes -\n",
            "with other iguanas only filmed for close-ups.The scene quickly went viral when it was aired last\n",
            "year and later won a Bafta for must-see moment.The iguana hatchling, filmed in the Galapagos,\n",
            "eventually got away - much to viewers' relief.The Daily Mail claimed the episode was embroiled in a\n",
            "fakery row after producer Elizabeth White told the Media Production Show: It wasn't the same iguana,\n",
            "no, and often we have to augment it with other clips.Unfortunately lizards, snakes and iguanas\n",
            "aren't good at 'takes'.But the BBC defended the Sir David Attenborough-fronted programme, with a\n",
            "spokeswoman saying: The BBC strongly refutes any suggestion that the award-winning iguana v snakes\n",
            "sequence was 'faked'.The final iguana chase in which one iguana escapes the snakes was - unusually\n",
            "for natural history filming - shot using two cameras, allowing us to follow both the individual\n",
            "iguana and the snakes' point of view.What was captured in the field was extraordinary animal\n",
            "behaviour which had never been witnessed or filmed before.She added: As is common in natural history\n",
            "film-making, pick-up shots were filmed separately - for example close-ups of iguana eyes - to make\n",
            "the story of the sequence as clear as possible for the audience.This is absolutely in keeping with\n",
            "the norms of natural history film-making - and absolutely in line with the BBC's editorial policy\n",
            "guidelines, and was a true representation of animal behaviour.Other BBC nature documentaries have\n",
            "previously been accused of faking footage. Frozen Planet, also fronted by Sir David, showed footage\n",
            "of newborn polar bear cubs in a den with their mother in 2011 - but it was filmed in an animal park,\n",
            "rather than in the wild.The BBC denied misleading viewers, with Sir David saying it would have\n",
            "spoiled the atmosphere\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: The BBC has denied claims award-winning series Planet Earth II faked a nail-biting scene showing a baby iguana being chased by racer snakes.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: The BBC has defended an episode of its Nature Documentary, which was accused of faking footage of iguanas and snakes.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: The BBC has revealed that a iguana which was chased by snakes in the Galapagos is not good at 'takes'.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Margaret Aspinall and Trevor Hicks campaigned for more than 20 years to\n",
            "secure fresh inquests into the deaths of 96 people in the disaster.Mr Hicks' daughters Sarah, 19,\n",
            "and Victoria, 15, and Mrs Aspinall's son James, 18, were among those who died at the FA Cup semi-\n",
            "final in April 1989.Mrs Aspinall, chair of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said she would\n",
            "accept it on behalf of the families.A jury is currently hearing the new inquests in Warrington\n",
            "before coroner Lord Justice Goldring.Mrs Aspinall said: It's not just about Trevor Hicks and\n",
            "Margaret Aspinall, it's about everybody involved in this. It's all about the people who stood by\n",
            "us.From the beginning, when you are fighting against everything, nearly 26 years ago, you had this\n",
            "stigma against you all the time, fighting against that, I feel we have turned it all around now and\n",
            "the stigma is going away.People are seeing now, the real people, what the genuine people are like,\n",
            "and the people who stood by the families and stayed with them all these years, so it's for them as\n",
            "well.Mr Hicks, president of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, said: On a personal level,\n",
            "obviously I'm very flattered. I know it's a bit cheesy but I'm also a bit humbled as well.It's not\n",
            "just for me. As it says in the citation, it's for services to the bereaved families.It's been a hard\n",
            "slog. We've been accused many times of being vindictive - and lots worse than that. But we've always\n",
            "tried, as a family support group, to play fair.Fellow campaigner Anne Williams, who died in April\n",
            "2013, was honoured with the Helen Rollason Award at the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Ceremony\n",
            "in 2013.Ms Williams, 60, fought for a new inquest into her son Kevin's death.Two investigations are\n",
            "being carried out into the aftermath of the disaster - one led by police and one headed by the\n",
            "Independent Police Complaints Commission.Other Merseyside & Cheshire honours include:CBEOBEMBE\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Two Hillsborough campaigners have been appointed CBE in the New Year Honours.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Two Hillsborough campaigners have been awarded the Helen Rollason Award for services to bereaved families.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: A woman who died at the Hillsborough disaster has been jailed for more than 20 years.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Fracking involves pumping water and chemicals into shale rock at\n",
            "pressure.The joint report from the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering say the technique\n",
            "is safe if firms follow best practice and rules are enforced.Exploratory fracking is being mooted in\n",
            "at least seven sites around the UK.The report was commissioned by the government's chief scientist,\n",
            "Sir John Beddington, following the decision last year to halt the UK's most advanced project, in\n",
            "Lancashire, after fracking caused small earth tremors.Our main conclusions are that the\n",
            "environmental risks of hydraulic fracturing for shale can can be safely managed provided there is\n",
            "best practice observed and provided it's enforced through strong regulation, said the report's\n",
            "chair, Prof Robert Mair from Cambridge University.The UK regulatory system is up to the job for the\n",
            "present very small scale exploration activities, but there would need to be strengthening of the\n",
            "regulators if the government decides to proceed with more shale gas extraction, particularly at the\n",
            "production stage, he told BBC News.The report contains 10 top-line recommendations for strengthening\n",
            "regulations, including:Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, involves drilling down into shale\n",
            "formations and fracturing the rock using explosives or hydraulic pressure.Water is pumped in\n",
            "containing sand particles that prop open the cracks in the shale, allowing the gas out, and a tiny\n",
            "amount of chemicals.In the US, concerns have been raised that the gas or the chemicals can enter\n",
            "drinking water supplies.However, the report concludes that gas contamination should not be a problem\n",
            "- the risk is very low - provided that fracking takes place at a depth of many hundreds of metres, a\n",
            "long way below the level of aquifers, and that the wells are properly constructed.Each well is lined\n",
            "with layers of steel and cement; and if this stays intact, the scientists conclude, gas leakage\n",
            "should not be a problem.They also say that with good management of waste water, chemical\n",
            "contamination should be avoided; they criticise the US practice of leaving it in open ponds, which\n",
            "would not be permitted in the UK.The report says the risk that fracking will generate significant\n",
            "seismic events is also small.The actual explosions are far too small to be noticed at the surface\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: A gas extraction method which triggered two earth tremors near Blackpool last year should not cause earthquakes or contaminate water but rules governing it will need tightening, experts say.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: The risks of fracking for shale gas can be safely managed, according to a report.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: The UK's hydraulic fracturing for shale has been revealed by a new report.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Alongside the likes of Little Simz and Lady Leshurr, she's part of a\n",
            "groundswell of female voices in the male-dominated world of UK hip-hop and grime.Two years ago, the\n",
            "23-year-old was studying for a degree while working 12-hour shifts in a betting shop to make ends\n",
            "meet.She would scribble down lyrics in her spare time as her male contemporaries - Section Boyz,\n",
            "Bonkaz and her cousin Stormzy - were starting to break through. Realising the job was holding her\n",
            "back, she packed it in and started to make her name with her savage, witty lyrics and sense of\n",
            "fun.Her breakthrough video, Station, was shot, without permission, at a local railway station, with\n",
            "Nadia dancing nonchalantly on the tracks as a train pulled in.More recently, the colourful, funky\n",
            "single Skwod saw the rapper take over the streets of London with a girl gang, complete with body-\n",
            "popping Beyonce choreography and all.She spoke to the BBC about her upbringing in Croydon, the\n",
            "rappers she looks up to, and why she read the dictionary as a child.For people who haven't heard\n",
            "you, describe what they're missing.My sound is just really bassy, hard-hitting, dancehall, hip-hop\n",
            "infused fun. I call it magic.And funny, too. Your lyrics have proper punchlines.Yeah, quite a few!Do\n",
            "you work hard on them?It varies, depending on what it is I'm creating. A lot of the time I don't\n",
            "even write the bars. It's all in my head, really.Apparently you used to read the dictionary as a\n",
            "child?That is true, yeah!What's your favourite word?Antidisestablishmentarianism. It's one of the\n",
            "longest words in the English language.Have you ever tried to get it into a song?I've been asked and\n",
            "I'm definitely working on it! It might not fit on a single cover, but it could definitely fit in a\n",
            "lyric.What triggered your interest in words?It was learning about synonyms that did it for me. I was\n",
            "like, Wow, you can use another\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Young UK rapper Nadia Rose has taken fifth place on the BBC's Sound of 2017 list, which showcases emerging artists for the coming 12 months.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Nadia is one of the UK's most popular female rappers.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Nadia Bonkaz has been starting to make her name with a girl gang.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The Welsh pop legend accused the BBC of sub-standard behaviour when it\n",
            "dropped him from the contest last year.But ITV has bought the rights to broadcast the programme from\n",
            "2017 and has now invited him back.He will be joined in the big red chairs by long-serving judge\n",
            "Will.i.am, Oscar-winning actress and singer Jennifer Hudson and rock star Gavin Rossdale.Sir Tom\n",
            "said: I had some great times on the show and I can't wait to again discover and help some brand new\n",
            "talent. And of course be back with my pal Will.i.am.The 76-year-old appeared as a judge on the first\n",
            "four series but was not involved in the latest run.Last year, he said he was disappointed BBC\n",
            "executives told him with no consultation or conversation of any kind that he would not be\n",
            "returning.Sir Tom is known for hits including It's Not Unusual, Green Green Grass of Home, Delilah\n",
            "and Sex Bomb.Jennifer Hudson, who appeared on American Idol in 2004, won an Oscar for best\n",
            "supporting actress for Dreamgirls in 2007 and a Grammy Award in 2009.She said: I couldn't be more\n",
            "excited to join the amazing panel of coaches on The Voice UK.Rossdale is the frontman of rock band\n",
            "Bush, the former husband of singer Gwen Stefani and father of model and Strictly Come Dancing\n",
            "contestant Daisy Lowe.He said he was so thrilled to be joining The Voice UK after appearing as a\n",
            "guest on the US version of the series two years ago.He added: I have always been extremely proud to\n",
            "fly the flag for British rock music and I can't wait to join this incredible panel and help discover\n",
            "some new talent.ITV Network head of entertainment Siobhan Greene said she was absolutely chuffed to\n",
            "bits with the line-up.She continued: All four coaches are global artists in the music industry and\n",
            "are at the top of their game.Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story\n",
            "suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Sir Tom Jones is to return as one of the judges on talent show The Voice UK when it moves to ITV next year.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Sir Tom Waits has been invited back to The Voice UK after a year out.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Tom Cruise has been accused of sub-standard behaviour in the UK's The Voice UK series.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Spurs, who are having a new £400m stadium built next to their existing home\n",
            "White Hart Lane, could also play next season's home Champions League games at the national\n",
            "stadium.They aim to move into their new 61,000-seat home before the 2018-19 season.We're a long way\n",
            "down the path on reaching an agreement, Dyke said.I think there's some discussion about whether\n",
            "they'll play their Champions League games there at Wembley next year but I don't know much about\n",
            "that.Tottenham's north-London rivals Arsenal hosted Champions League games at Wembley in 1998-99 and\n",
            "1999-2000.Dyke also said Chelsea could play home games at Wembley in the near future.The Blues have\n",
            "plans to redevelop Stamford Bridge, which could leave them needing a temporary home for several\n",
            "seasons.I think Chelsea might come for a longer period, he told Sky Sports News HQ. Chelsea have got\n",
            "really exciting plans for their stadium. They're going to demolish the whole thing and build a whole\n",
            "new stadium on the existing site.If they came to Wembley, that would mean them coming for three\n",
            "years.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Tottenham are close to a deal to play home games at Wembley in the 2017-18 season, says Football Association chairman Greg Dyke.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Tottenham could play their Champions League games at Wembley next season if they reach an agreement with the Premier League leaders, according to manager Gary Dyke.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Tottenham manager Gary Dyke says Chelsea could play their Champions League games at Wembley next year.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: GB were beaten 24-18 by Israel, 37-14 by Hungary and 46-14 by\n",
            "Netherlands.The men's and women's teams had their £2.92m funding to support elite athletes removed\n",
            "after London 2012.Although we did not make the finals, there are some great young handball players\n",
            "in this country, said British Handball director David Meli.Our aim now is to find a way of bringing\n",
            "additional funding into the association to allow us to run other teams in both male and female\n",
            "competitions.Netherlands won all three games to secure their place at the finals in Rio, which take\n",
            "place from 19 July to 2 August.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Great Britain failed to qualify for the men's Under-21 World Handball Championship after losing all three qualifying games at Kent's Medway Park.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Great Britain's men's and women's handball teams have been eliminated from the World Championship finals in Rio.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: British handball players have been allowed to run other teams in their first World Cup finals in Rio.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The Labour leader said his party would invest in infrastructure but\n",
            "expected action on low wages and workers' rights in return, while there would also be an increase in\n",
            "corporation tax.He told the CBI that Labour's planned national investment bank would boost lending\n",
            "to small and medium-size firms.The Tories said Labour only offered spending, borrowing and taxing.Mr\n",
            "Corbyn told delegates at the CBI's conference he would not tell them how to run their organisations\n",
            "but would not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace or the boardroom.He warned of real\n",
            "problems in today's jobs market, citing low wages, insecure temporary contracts and the gender pay\n",
            "gap.For too many families in Britain increasingly insecure work means they cannot plan for their\n",
            "future, or how to pay the bills, mortgage or rent, he said.There are far, far too many people\n",
            "struggling to make ends meet.Mr Corbyn joked he and the CBI would both have been shocked if they had\n",
            "been told two years ago he would be addressing the conference.But he said Labour had plenty of\n",
            "common ground with the organisation.He vowed Labour would be on the side of the innovators,\n",
            "entrepreneurs and investors, saying its investment bank plans would unleash the creativity and\n",
            "potential of entrepreneurial Britain.He said both the Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump\n",
            "in the United States represented an unmistakable rejection of a political establishment and an\n",
            "economic system which hasn't been working for most people.It's a system that's delivered ballooning\n",
            "inequality along with falling or stagnating living standards for the majority.Labour says it would\n",
            "increase borrowing to invest in infrastructure, and Mr Corbyn urged Chancellor Philip Hammond to\n",
            "change course and take the bold action necessary to support our economy.He said Labour would\n",
            "increase investment in green technology and boost house building.Labour's settlement for business,\n",
            "he said, will mean some increase in corporation tax while maintaining one of the lowest rates in the\n",
            "world.He added: But see it as a sound investment not only in your own business's long-term future\n",
            "but for the common good of the country.Mr Corbyn also warned of a chaotic Brexit and said Labour\n",
            "would campaign for Britain to retain full access to the single market.Conservative Party chairman\n",
            "Sir Patrick McLoughlin said: Jeremy Corbyn has shown once again that\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Jeremy Corbyn has promised Labour will work with business leaders if they live up to their side of the deal.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Jeremy Corbyn has told the CBI conference he will not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Jeremy Corbyn has told the CBI that Labour would not stand back when there is injustice in the workplace or the boardroom.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Satellite images taken on 14 February appear to show two batteries of eight\n",
            "missile launchers and a radar system on Woody or Yongxing Island in the Paracels.The presence of\n",
            "missiles would significantly increase tensions in the acrimonious South China Sea dispute.China's\n",
            "Foreign Minister Wang Yi said reports were a Western media invention.But Mr Wang defended the\n",
            "limited and necessary self-defence facilities on islands inhabited by Chinese personnel as\n",
            "consistent with the right for self-preservation and self-protection.... under the international\n",
            "law.Asked about the reports, US Secretary of State John Kerry attacked China's increased\n",
            "militarisation of the contested region, saying it was a serious concern.Taiwan's defence ministry\n",
            "said it had learned of an air defence missile system deployed by the Chinese on Woody Island.It\n",
            "would not say how many missiles had been deployed or when, but told the BBC they would be capable of\n",
            "targeting civilian and military aircraft.The commander of the US Pacific Fleet confirmed the\n",
            "deployment to Reuters news agency.Adm Harry Harris said such a move would be a militarisation of the\n",
            "South China Sea in ways China's President Xi Jinping had pledged not to make.Japan's Chief Cabinet\n",
            "Secretary Yoshihide Suga said there were serious concerns over China's unilateral move to change the\n",
            "status quo in the region, and we cannot accept this fact.China has been carrying out extensive land\n",
            "reclamation work in the region, which it says is legal and for civilian purposes.But the work has\n",
            "angered other countries which also claim the territory, and there is growing concern about the\n",
            "implications of the area becoming militarised.The latest images of Woody Island were captured by\n",
            "ImageSat International.They show a close-up of a section of beach, the shape of which resembles the\n",
            "northern coastline as it appears on other images, and point out two missiles batteries. Each battery\n",
            "is made up of four launchers and two control vehicles.Two of the the launchers appear to have been\n",
            "erected, says the report.An image taken of the site on 3 February shows the beach empty.Fox News\n",
            "quoted a US defence official as saying the missiles appeared to be the HQ-9 air defence system, with\n",
            "a range of about 200km (125 miles).China's deployment\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: China has deployed surface-to-air missiles on a disputed island in the South China Sea, Taiwan says.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: China has said it has deployed a missile system on a beach in the Pacific Ocean, as part of an effort to destabilise the region.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: China has deployed a land reclamation work in the contested South China Sea.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: A head teachers' conference has heard claims of threats such as dead\n",
            "animals being left in school playgrounds.Trojan Horse has not gone away, said Sarah Hewitt-Clarkson,\n",
            "head of Anderton Park School in Birmingham.Responding to the claims, Education Secretary Nicky\n",
            "Morgan said: There is no place for extremism in our schools.The National Association of Head\n",
            "Teachers' annual conference in Liverpool heard warnings that problems over extremism remained\n",
            "unresolved and schools could still face pressure on issues such as tackling homophobia.The so-called\n",
            "Trojan Horse inquiries followed allegations that there were organised attempts by hardline Muslim\n",
            "groups to undermine head teachers and take over schools in Birmingham.Head teachers at the\n",
            "conference complained that no governors had been barred as a result of the inquiries and they called\n",
            "for a database which would identify individuals removed from governing bodies.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson\n",
            "told the head teachers' conference: Trojan Horse has not gone away. Those of us who were involved,\n",
            "we knew it was the tip of the iceberg.We still have dead animals hung on the gates of schools,\n",
            "dismembered cats on playgrounds. We have petitions outside schools, objecting to teachers teaching\n",
            "against homophobia.There were threats on social media, she said, such as Any head teacher who\n",
            "teaches my children it's alright to be gay will be at the end of my shotgun.Ms Hewitt-Clarkson said\n",
            "she knew of a school which had found a dismembered cat in the playground, while another had a dog\n",
            "hanging from the railings.Head teachers warned that despite the high profile reports following the\n",
            "Trojan Horse claims, the response had been inadequate.Alison Marshall told the conference: Despite\n",
            "all the evidence we have, we're faced with a situation where not one single governor implicated in\n",
            "the Trojan Horse scandal has been investigated or even banned. Where is the justice in that?And Ms\n",
            "Hewitt-Clarkson warned that the problems underlying the Trojan Horse claims could start up again.All\n",
            "the behaviours and things we saw before are still there. So too have promises that have been broken,\n",
            "she told the NAHT conference.There were particular concerns about the lack of scrutiny over the role\n",
            "of governors, highlighted by the Trojan Horse inquiries.Tim\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Head teachers have warned that intimidation is still continuing after the investigations into the so-called Trojan Horse scandal.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Head teachers in England have warned that there is no place for extremism in schools after the Trojan Horse scandal.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: A head teacher has told the National Association of Head Teachers after claims that extremism in schools is no place for extremism.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: And many of those communities will have voted Labour. For years this was a\n",
            "party heartland which was home to big beasts like Tam Dalyell and Robin Cook. Before his death, Mr\n",
            "Cook had a majority of more than 13,000 - he commanded the support of more than half of the\n",
            "electorate.But much has changed here. The mines are closed, the economy is now focussed on some\n",
            "remnants of small industry, retail and elsewhere. Livingston and its surrounding towns often acts as\n",
            "feeders for Edinburgh.Robin Chesters is director at the Scottish Shale Industry Museum.There are\n",
            "still communities here who remember those days, he says, it's the parents, it's the grandparents -\n",
            "but in places like Livingston there have been tremendous changes in population.The Labour candidate\n",
            "here is a vocal supporter of Jeremy Corbyn. And she thinks the Labour leader's message is appealing\n",
            "to voters.I think for a long time communities like this were taken for granted the SNP had something\n",
            "really positive to offer - that was independence. But we've now seen the reality, she says,\n",
            "referring to a perceived lack of progress under the SNP Scottish government.The choice, she says, is\n",
            "clear: A Labour government or a Conservative government.I think that's cutting through.Some here\n",
            "though don't seem to mind the idea of a Conservative government all that much.The Tories here are\n",
            "buoyed by local election results and national opinion polls. Their candidate thinks he is in with a\n",
            "good chance of beating Ms Wolfson - putting the party once seen as the enemy of miners above Labour\n",
            "for the first time in modern history here.Damian Timson says: There are two types of Conservatives -\n",
            "there's this bogeyman conservative that people talk about and then there's the real conservative;\n",
            "the likes of myself and Ruth Davidson and everyone else and I think at last the message has got out\n",
            "that we're a party for everyone.But this seat was won comfortably by the SNP in 2015 - Hannah\n",
            "Bardell took even more of the vote that Robin Cook had back in 2005 (she won 57% of the vote - a\n",
            "majority of almost 17,000).People have found that the SNP have been a strong voice for them in\n",
            "Livingston - I'\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: The Five Sisters in Livingston are an imposing reminder of West Lothian's industrial past - huge mounds of discards from the old shale mines that once dominated the economy - and community life - here.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Livingston is one of Scotland's most populous towns.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: The Scottish government has cutting through a lack of progress in the SNP.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: De Roon moved to Teesside in June 2016 for an initial £8.8m fee and played\n",
            "33 Premier League games last term.The Netherlands international, 26, scored five goals in 36 league\n",
            "and cup games during his spell at Boro.Meanwhile, manager Garry Monk confirmed the Championship\n",
            "club's interest in signing Chelsea midfielder Lewis Baker.He's a target and one of many that we've\n",
            "had throughout the summer months, said Monk.Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated\n",
            "page.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Italian Serie A side Atalanta have re-signed midfielder Marten De Roon from Middlesbrough for an undisclosed fee, 14 months after selling him to Boro.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: League Two side Burton Albion have signed former Boro midfielder Jordy de Roon on a two-year deal.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Teesside United have signed striker Alex De Roon on a two-year contract.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: Media playback is not supported on this deviceThe news of Annan Athletic's\n",
            "4-1 fourth-round win over Hamilton Academical was far-reaching.Omar, the son of refugees from Iraqi\n",
            "Kurdistan, was featured in the local press there.There's a big following there now, my uncle tells\n",
            "me, said the Glasgow University student.A lot of them, when they are looking out for scores, will\n",
            "look out for Annan Athletic now.Annan's dream ended in the fifth round though, when they lost 4-1 to\n",
            "Morton.For more information about how to get into football, take a look at the Get Inspired page on\n",
            "the sport.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Goal hero Rabin Omar made headlines when his club from the fourth tier of Scottish football dumped a Premiership side out of the Scottish Cup.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Omar Al-Omar is a football fan from Glasgow who has been following his father's dream of playing in the Scottish Cup.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: A student in Glasgow has said they are looking out for scores to help one of their refugees who will now be featured.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n",
            "XSum Article: summarize: The 36-year-old defender, who took up a coaching role at St James Park last\n",
            "year, has not featured in City's first team since the end of February.Regarding the playing, I know\n",
            "in my head that things are slowly coming to an end, he told BBC Sport.I'm not knocking on (manager)\n",
            "Paul Tisdale's door asking why I'm not playing every week, that's for sure.Butterfield has been at\n",
            "Exeter for three seasons, having spent eight years at Crystal Palace, where he famously scored a\n",
            "six-minute hat-trick against Wolves in the FA Cup in 2010.At the minute it is a little bit of an\n",
            "emergency style usage of myself, Butterfield added of his role within the Exeter playing squad.We've\n",
            "not openly discussed where we're going forward with that, I'm sure next season it'll be more\n",
            "coaching-based, with perhaps the registration still being held as a 'what if'.I'm enjoying what I'm\n",
            "doing with Tis (Tisdale) and the rest of the coaching staff and I'm certainly enjoying working with\n",
            "the lads on the coaching front and I hope they're enjoying working with me.I'm thankful to Tis for\n",
            "giving me the opportunity to use the transition into the coaching.It's a win-win for both as Tis\n",
            "uses me if and when and I'm alongside him every day in training and close to the boys trying to get\n",
            "the best out of them.\n",
            "\n",
            "Actual Summary: Exeter City player-coach Danny Butterfield says his playing career is coming to an end.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [T5-base]: Exeter City midfielder Chris Butterfield says he is not knocking on manager Paul Tisdale's door asking why he is not playing every week.\n",
            "\n",
            "Predicted Summary [PT-T5]: Exeter City manager Paul Butterfield says he is not knocking on his door asking when he scored a six-minute hat-trick against Manchester City.\n",
            "=====================================================================\n",
            "\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}