location--156.json

{
    "id": "location--156",
    "name": "Papua New Guinea",
    "background": "The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south) in 1885. The latter area was transferred to Australia in 1902, which occupied the northern portion during World War I and continued to administer the combined areas until independence in 1975. A nine-year secessionist revolt on the island of Bougainville ended in 1997 after claiming some 20,000 lives. Since 2001, Bougainville has experienced autonomy; a referendum asking the population if they would like independence or greater\u00a0self rule occurred in November 2019, with almost 98% of voters choosing independence.",
    "coordinates": "6 00 S, 147 00 E",
    "region": "Oceania",
    "total_area": "462,840 sq km",
    "land_area": "452,860 sq km",
    "water_area": "9,980 sq km",
    "land_boundary": "824 km",
    "neighbors": {},
    "climate": "tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation",
    "coastline": "5,152 km",
    "natural_hazards": [
        "active volcanism",
        "the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes",
        "mud slides",
        "tsunamis",
        "volcanism: severe volcanic activity; Ulawun (2,334 m), one of Papua New Guinea's potentially most dangerous volcanoes, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Rabaul (688 m) destroyed the city of Rabaul in 1937 and 1994; Lamington erupted in 1951 killing 3,000 people; Manam's 2004 eruption forced the island's abandonment; other historically active volcanoes include Bam, Bagana, Garbuna, Karkar, Langila, Lolobau, Long Island, Pago, St. Andrew Strait, Victory, and Waiowa; see note 2 under \"Geography - note\""
    ],
    "terrain": "mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills",
    "population_distribution": "population concentrated in the highlands and eastern coastal areas on the island of New Guinea; predominantly a rural distribution with only about one-fifth of the population residing in urban areas",
    "natural_resources": [
        "gold",
        "copper",
        "silver",
        "natural gas",
        "timber",
        "oil",
        "fisheries"
    ],
    "population": "7,259,456",
    "nationality": "Papua New Guinean(s)",
    "ethnic_groups": [
        "Melanesian",
        "Papuan",
        "Negrito",
        "Micronesian",
        "Polynesian"
    ],
    "languages": [
        "Tok Pisin (official)",
        "English (official)",
        "Hiri Motu (official)",
        "some 839 indigenous languages spoken; many languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers"
    ],
    "religions": {
        "Protestant": "64.3%",
        "Roman Catholic": "26%",
        "other Christian": "5.3%",
        "non-Christian": "1.4%",
        "unspecified": "3.1%"
    },
    "government_type": "parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm",
    "national_symbol": "bird of paradise",
    "national_colors": [
        "red",
        "black"
    ],
    "gdp": "$19.82 billion",
    "agriculture": [
        "coffee",
        "cocoa",
        "copra",
        "palm kernels",
        "tea",
        "sugar",
        "rubber",
        "sweet potatoes",
        "fruit",
        "vegetables",
        "vanilla",
        "poultry",
        "pork",
        "shellfish"
    ],
    "industries": [
        "copra crushing",
        "palm oil processing",
        "plywood production",
        "wood chip production",
        "mining (gold, silver, copper)",
        "crude oil and petroleum products",
        "construction",
        "tourism",
        "livestock (pork, poultry, cattle)",
        "dairy products",
        "spice products (turmeric, vanilla, ginger, cardamom, chili, pepper, citronella, and nutmeg)",
        "fisheries products"
    ],
    "exports": [
        "liquefied natural gas",
        "oil",
        "gold",
        "copper ore",
        "nickel",
        "cobalt logs",
        "palm oil",
        "coffee",
        "cocoa",
        "copra",
        "spice (turmeric",
        "vanilla",
        "ginger",
        "cardamom)",
        "crayfish",
        "prawns",
        "tuna",
        "sea cucumber"
    ],
    "imports": [
        "machinery and transport equipment",
        "manufactured goods",
        "food",
        "fuels",
        "chemicals"
    ],
    "broadband_subscriptions": "17,000",
    "internet_users": "787,764",
    "mobile_subscriptions": "3,782,000",
    "internet_country_code": ".pg",
    "military_and_security_forces": "Papua New Guinea Defense Force (PNGDF, includes land, maritime, and air elements)",
    "percent_GDP_on_military": "0.27%",
    "pipelines": [
        "264 km oil"
    ],
    "ports_and_terminals": {
        "major seaport(s)": "Kimbe, Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Wewak",
        "LNG terminal(s) (export)": "Port Moresby"
    },
    "waterways": "11,000 km",
    "number_of_airports": "561",
    "international_disputes": "relies on assistance from Australia to keep out illegal cross-border activities from primarily Indonesia, including goods smuggling, illegal narcotics trafficking, and squatters and secessionists",
    "terrorism": "None/Unknown"
}