-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 6
/
location--153.json
148 lines (148 loc) · 9.65 KB
/
location--153.json
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
{
"id": "location--153",
"name": "Pakistan",
"background": "The Indus Valley civilization, one of the oldest in the world and dating back at least 5,000 years, spread over much of what is presently Pakistan. During the second millennium B.C., remnants of this culture fused with the migrating Indo-Aryan peoples. The area underwent successive invasions in subsequent centuries from the Persians, Greeks, Scythians, Arabs (who brought Islam), Afghans, and Turks. The Mughal Empire flourished in the 16th and 17th centuries; the British came to dominate the region in the 18th century. The separation in 1947 of British India into the Muslim state of Pakistan (with West and East sections) and largely Hindu India was never satisfactorily resolved, and India and Pakistan fought two wars and a limited conflict - in 1947-48, 1965, and 1999 respectively - over the disputed Kashmir territory. A third war between these countries in 1971 - in which India assisted an indigenous movement reacting to the marginalization of Bengalis in Pakistani politics - resulted in East Pakistan becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh.\nIn response to Indian nuclear weapons testing, Pakistan conducted its own tests in mid-1998. India-Pakistan relations improved in the mid-2000s but have been rocky since the November 2008 Mumbai attacks and have been further strained by attacks in India by militants believed to be based in Pakistan. Imran KHAN took office as prime minister in 2018 after the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI) party won a plurality of seats in the July 2018 general elections. Pakistan has been engaged in a decades-long armed conflict with militant groups that target government institutions and civilians, including the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and other militant networks.",
"coordinates": "30 00 N, 70 00 E",
"region": "Asia",
"total_area": "796,095 sq km",
"land_area": "770,875 sq km",
"water_area": "25,220 sq km",
"land_boundary": "7,257 km",
"neighbors": {
"China": "438 km",
"India": "3190 km",
"Iran": "959 km"
},
"climate": "mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north",
"coastline": "1,046 km",
"natural_hazards": [
"frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west",
"flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)"
],
"terrain": "divided into three major geographic areas: the northern highlands, the Indus River plain in the center and east, and the Balochistan Plateau in the south and west",
"population_distribution": "the Indus River and its tributaries attract most of the settlement, with Punjab province the most densely populated",
"natural_resources": [
"arable land",
"extensive natural gas reserves",
"limited petroleum",
"poor quality coal",
"iron ore",
"copper",
"salt",
"limestone"
],
"population": "233,500,636",
"nationality": "Pakistani(s)",
"ethnic_groups": {
"Punjabi": "44.7%",
"Pashtun": "15.4%",
"Sindhi": "14.1%",
"Saraiki": "8.4%",
"Muhajirs": "7.6%",
"Balochi": "3.6%",
"other": "6.3%"
},
"languages": {
"Punjabi": "48%",
"Sindhi": "12%",
"Saraiki": "10%",
"Pashto": "8%",
"Urdu (official)": "8%",
"Balochi": "3%",
"Hindko": "2%",
"Brahui": "1%",
"English (official)": "",
"Burushaski": "",
"and other": "8%"
},
"religions": {
"Muslim": "96.4%",
"other": "3.6%"
},
"government_type": "federal parliamentary republic",
"national_symbol": "five-pointed star between the horns of a waxing crescent moon, jasmine",
"national_colors": [
"green",
"white"
],
"gdp": "$305 billion",
"agriculture": [
"cotton",
"wheat",
"rice",
"sugarcane",
"fruits",
"vegetables",
"milk",
"beef",
"mutton",
"eggs"
],
"industries": [
"textiles and apparel",
"food processing",
"pharmaceuticals",
"surgical instruments",
"construction materials",
"paper products",
"fertilizer",
"shrimp"
],
"exports": [
"textiles (garments",
"bed linen",
"cotton cloth",
"yarn)",
"rice",
"leather goods",
"sporting goods",
"chemicals",
"manufactures",
"surgical instruments",
"carpets and rugs"
],
"imports": [
"petroleum",
"petroleum products",
"machinery",
"plastics",
"transportation equipment",
"edible oils",
"paper and paperboard",
"iron and steel",
"tea"
],
"broadband_subscriptions": "1,811,365",
"internet_users": "34,734,689",
"mobile_subscriptions": "153,986,607",
"internet_country_code": ".pk",
"military_and_security_forces": "Pakistan Army (includes National Guard), Pakistan Navy (includes marines, Maritime Security Agency), Pakistan Air Force (Pakistan Fizaia); Ministry of Interior paramilitary forces: Frontier Corps, Pakistan Rangers",
"percent_GDP_on_military": "4%",
"pipelines": [
"12,984 km gas",
"3,470 km oil",
"1,170 km refined products"
],
"ports_and_terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": "Karachi, Port Muhammad Bin Qasim",
"container port(s) (TEUs)": "Karachi (2,224,000)",
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": "Port Qasim"
},
"waterways": "Unknown",
"number_of_airports": "151",
"international_disputes": "various talks and confidence-building measures cautiously have begun to defuse tensions over Kashmir, particularly since the October 2005 earthquake in the region; Kashmir nevertheless remains the site of the world's largest and most militarized territorial dispute with portions under the de facto administration of China (Aksai Chin), India (Jammu and Kashmir), and Pakistan (Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas); UN Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan has maintained a small group of peacekeepers since 1949; India does not recognize Pakistan's ceding historic Kashmir lands to China in 1964; India and Pakistan have maintained their 2004 cease-fire in Kashmir and initiated discussions on defusing the armed standoff in the Siachen glacier region; Pakistan protests India's fencing the highly militarized Line of Control and construction of the Baglihar Dam on the Chenab River in Jammu and Kashmir, which is part of the larger dispute on water sharing of the Indus River and its tributaries; to defuse tensions and prepare for discussions on a maritime boundary, India and Pakistan seek technical resolution of the disputed boundary in Sir Creek estuary at the mouth of the Rann of Kutch in the Arabian Sea; Pakistani maps continue to show the Junagadh claim in India's Gujarat State; since 2002, with UN assistance, Pakistan has repatriated 3.8 million Afghan refugees, leaving about 2.6 million; Pakistan has sent troops across and built fences along some remote tribal areas of its treaty-defined Durand Line border with Afghanistan, which serve as bases for foreign terrorists and other illegal activities; Afghan, Coalition, and Pakistan military meet periodically to clarify the alignment of the boundary on the ground and on maps",
"terrorism": {
"al-Qa'ida (AQ)": "eject Western influence from the Islamic world, unite the worldwide Muslim community, overthrow governments perceived as un-Islamic and, ultimately, establish a pan-Islamic caliphate under a strict Salafi Muslim interpretation of shariaarea(s) of operation",
"al-Qa'ida in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS)": "establish an Islamic caliphate in the Indian subcontinentarea(s) of operation",
"Haqqani Network (HQN)": "enhance its operational networks and capabilities for staging cross-border attacks in Afghanistan; replace the Afghan Government with an Islamic state operating according to a strict Salafi Muslim interpretation of shariaarea(s) of operation",
"Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami (HUJI)": "overthrow the Pakistan Government and implement sharia throughout the countryarea(s) of operation",
"Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM)": "annex Kashmir to Pakistan and establish an Islamic state in Kashmirarea(s) of operation",
"Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM)": "unite Kashmir with Pakistan, install sharia in Pakistan, and drive foreign forces from Afghanistanarea(s) of operation",
"Jaysh al Adl": "seeks greater autonomy for Balochis in Pakistan and Iranarea(s) of operation",
"Lashkar i Jhangvi (LJ)": "exterminate Shia Muslims, rid the region of Western influence and, ultimately, establish an Islamic state in Pakistan under shariaarea(s) of operation",
"Lashkar-e Tayyiba (LT)": "return the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir to Pakistan and foment Islamic insurgency in India; enhance its recruitment networks and paramilitary training in South Asia; and, ultimately, implement Islamic rule throughout South Asiaarea(s) of operation",
"Indian Mujahedeen (IM)": "stated goal is to carry out terrorist attacks against Indians for perceived atrocities against Indian Muslims following the 2002 Gujarat riotsarea(s) of operation",
"Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham-Khorasan (ISIS-K)": "establish an Islamic caliphate in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region; oppose Pakistan Government and Westerners; oppose Shia Muslim populationarea(s) of operation",
"Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)": "remove Pakistani forces from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) region; overthrow the Pakistan Government to implement TTP's strict interpretation of shariaarea(s) of operation"
}
}