Tools for working with command line arguments.
This project follows the version scheme MAJOR.MINOR.COMMITS where MAJOR and MINOR provide some relative indication of the size of the change, but do not follow semantic versioning. In general, all changes endeavor to be non-breaking (by moving to new names rather than by breaking existing names). COMMITS is an ever-increasing counter of commits since the beginning of this repository.
Latest stable release: 1.1.230
clj/deps.edn dependency information:
org.clojure/tools.cli {:mvn/version "1.1.230"}Leiningen dependency information:
[org.clojure/tools.cli "1.1.230"]Maven dependency information:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.clojure</groupId>
<artifactId>tools.cli</artifactId>
<version>1.1.230</version>
</dependency>Starting with 0.4.x, tools.cli supports use with clj/deps.edn and brings
the legacy API to ClojureScript by switching to .cljc files. This means it
requires Clojure(Script) 1.9 or later.
The 0.3.x series of tools.cli introduced a new flexible API, better adherence to GNU option parsing conventions, and ClojureScript support.
The old function clojure.tools.cli/cli was superseded by
clojure.tools.cli/parse-opts, and should not be used in new programs.
The older function will remain for the foreseeable future. It has also been
adapted to use the new tokenizer, so upgrading is still worthwhile even if you
are not ready to migrate to parse-opts.
(ns my.program
(:require [clojure.tools.cli :refer [parse-opts]])
(:gen-class))
(def cli-options
;; An option with a required argument
[["-p" "--port PORT" "Port number"
:default 80
:parse-fn #(Integer/parseInt %)
:validate [#(< 0 % 0x10000) "Must be a number between 0 and 65536"]]
;; A non-idempotent option (:default is applied first)
["-v" nil "Verbosity level"
:id :verbosity
:default 0
:update-fn inc] ; Prior to 0.4.1, you would have to use:
;; :assoc-fn (fn [m k _] (update-in m [k] inc))
;; A boolean option defaulting to nil
["-h" "--help"]])
(defn -main [& args]
(parse-opts args cli-options))Execute the command line:
clojure -M -m my.program -vvvp8080 foo --help --invalid-opt
(or use lein run or however you run your program instead of clojure -M -m my.program)
to produce the map:
{:options {:port 8080
:verbosity 3
:help true}
:arguments ["foo"]
:summary " -p, --port PORT 80 Port number
-v Verbosity level
-h, --help"
:errors ["Unknown option: \"--invalid-opt\""]}Note that exceptions are not thrown on parse errors, so errors must be
handled explicitly after checking the :errors entry for a truthy value.
Please see the example program for a more detailed example
and refer to the docstring of parse-opts for comprehensive documentation
(as part of the API Documentation):
https://clojure.github.io/tools.cli/index.html#clojure.tools.cli/parse-opts
An interesting library built on top of tool.cli that provides a more compact,
higher-level API is cli-matic.
This is an example of a program that uses most of the tools.cli features.
For detailed documentation, please see the docstring of parse-opts.
(ns cli-example.core
(:require [cli-example.server :as server]
[clojure.string :as string]
[clojure.tools.cli :refer [parse-opts]])
(:import (java.net InetAddress))
(:gen-class))
(def cli-options
[;; First three strings describe a short-option, long-option with optional
;; example argument description, and a description. All three are optional
;; and positional.
["-p" "--port PORT" "Port number"
:default 80
:parse-fn #(Integer/parseInt %)
:validate [#(< 0 % 0x10000) "Must be a number between 0 and 65536"]]
["-H" "--hostname HOST" "Remote host"
:default (InetAddress/getByName "localhost")
;; Specify a string to output in the default column in the options summary
;; if the default value's string representation is very ugly
:default-desc "localhost"
:parse-fn #(InetAddress/getByName %)]
;; If no required argument description is given, the option is assumed to
;; be a boolean option defaulting to nil
[nil "--detach" "Detach from controlling process"]
["-v" nil "Verbosity level; may be specified multiple times to increase value"
;; If no long-option is specified, an option :id must be given
:id :verbosity
:default 0
;; Use :update-fn to create non-idempotent options (:default is applied first)
:update-fn inc]
["-f" "--file NAME" "File names to read"
:multi true ; use :update-fn to combine multiple instance of -f/--file
:default []
;; with :multi true, the :update-fn is passed both the existing parsed
;; value(s) and the new parsed value from each option
:update-fn conj]
["-t" nil "Timeout in seconds"
;; Since there is no long option, :id is required...
:id :timeout
;; ...and we require an argument to be provided:
:required "TIMEOUT"
;; parse-long was added in Clojure 1.11:
:parse-fn parse-long]
;; A boolean option that can explicitly be set to false
["-d" "--[no-]daemon" "Daemonize the process" :default true]
["-h" "--help"]])
;; The :default values are applied first to options. Sometimes you might want
;; to apply default values after parsing is complete, or specifically to
;; compute a default value based on other option values in the map. For those
;; situations, you can use :default-fn to specify a function that is called
;; for any options that do not have a value after parsing is complete, and
;; which is passed the complete, parsed option map as it's single argument.
;; :default-fn (constantly 42) is effectively the same as :default 42 unless
;; you have a non-idempotent option (with :update-fn or :assoc-fn) -- in which
;; case any :default value is used as the initial option value rather than nil,
;; and :default-fn will be called to compute the final option value if none was
;; given on the command-line (thus, :default-fn can override :default)
;; Note: validation is *not* performed on the result of :default-fn (this is
;; an open issue for discussion and is not currently considered a bug).
(defn usage [options-summary]
(->> ["This is my program. There are many like it, but this one is mine."
""
"Usage: program-name [options] action"
""
"Options:"
options-summary
""
"Actions:"
" start Start a new server"
" stop Stop an existing server"
" status Print a server's status"
""
"Please refer to the manual page for more information."]
(string/join \newline)))
(defn error-msg [errors]
(str "The following errors occurred while parsing your command:\n\n"
(string/join \newline errors)))
(defn validate-args
"Validate command line arguments. Either return a map indicating the program
should exit (with an error message, and optional ok status), or a map
indicating the action the program should take and the options provided."
[args]
(let [{:keys [options arguments errors summary]} (parse-opts args cli-options)]
(cond
(:help options) ; help => exit OK with usage summary
{:exit-message (usage summary) :ok? true}
errors ; errors => exit with description of errors
{:exit-message (error-msg errors)}
;; custom validation on arguments
(and (= 1 (count arguments))
(#{"start" "stop" "status"} (first arguments)))
{:action (first arguments) :options options}
:else ; failed custom validation => exit with usage summary
{:exit-message (usage summary)})))
(defn exit [status msg]
(println msg)
(System/exit status))
(defn -main [& args]
(let [{:keys [action options exit-message ok?]} (validate-args args)]
(if exit-message
(exit (if ok? 0 1) exit-message)
(case action
"start" (server/start! options)
"stop" (server/stop! options)
"status" (server/status! options)))))Copyright (c) Rich Hickey and contributors. All rights reserved.
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You must not remove this notice, or any other, from this software.