Mono.Embedding

ThunkTool

This utility is generating C/C++ source code from an assembly which contains Thunk attributes.

When applied to members, Thunk attributes (see ThunkAttribute class) are instrucing ThunkTool to generate C/C++ callable thunks from these members.

The ThunkAttribute class can (and should) be included inline in the assembly because ThunkTool is looking for this attribute by name.

What does the tool generate?

• Thunks for all members marked with [Thunk]

• Initialization function for the assembly:

  $(Assembly_Name)_Init((MonoAssembly *assembly);

• Function which invokes the Main() entry point of an assembly:

  $(Assembly_Name)_Exec(void);

Usage

mono ThunkTool.exe --output prefix [--comments] assembly.{dll|exe}

The output will be stored into prefix.c and prefix.h.

Example

Input code

// C##
// assembly foo.dll
namespace Foo {
  public class ExportMe {
    [Thunk]
    public int Method() { ... }

    [Thunk]
    public string Property { get { ... } }   

    // emit a more specific type than intptr    
    [Thunk (ReturnType = "MonoType *")]
    public IntPtr GetTypeHandle(Type t)
    {
        return t.TypeHandle.Value;
    }
    
    // assembly entry point
    static void Main ()
    {
    }
  }
}

Invoke ThunkTool

mono ThunkTool.exe --output=foo foo.dll

Generated C/C++ header

// `foo.h`
...
MonoClass *ExportMe__Class;   // Foo.ExportMe class
int32_t (THUNKCALL *ExportMe_Method)(MonoObject **ex);
MonoString* (THUNKCALL *ExportMe_get_Property)(MonoObject **ex);
...

MonoAssembly *Foo_Assembly;
MonoImage *Foo_Image;

// initalization function.
void Foo_Init (MonoAssembly *assembly);

// invokes the entry point of the assembly
void Foo_Exec (void);

In your own C++ code you should include the header, initialize the Mono runtime, load the assembly and pass it to $(Assembly_Name)_Init () function. After that, all members attributed with [Thunk] are available for invocation. Additionally, all involved classes are available as $(Assembly_Name)_$(ClassName)__Class variables.