API stands for Application Programming Interface, which is a set of definitions and protocols for building and integrating software. Simply put, they allow two pieces of software to communicate with each other through a pre-defined interface.
- Design and build a database-backend API
So far, we've designed a database structure for a cinema booking system and implemented that design using an ORM. The next step is to build an API that allows the cinema and its customers to interact with the database.
Frontend applications usually won't interact with a database directly, especially if it's a web app; they'll instead send instructions to a server which will process those instructions and give back a response. We decide how the server receives instructions, processes them and responds back by creating an API.
The full database schema and seed file for this exercise has already been implemented, your focus is on building the API itself.
Note: Although we need to create a new primary database, we can reuse a shadow database across multiple projects since Prisma resets it after using it.
- Rename the
.env.example
file to.env
- Edit the
DATABASE_URL
variable in.env
, swappingYOUR_DATABASE_URL
for the URL of your database - Create another separate TEST database instance; you may need to use a different cloud provider as some only allow one instance per free account. Supabase may be a good option
- Edit the
TEST_DATABASE_URL
variable in.env
, swappingYOUR_TEST_DB_URL
for the URL of the separate TEST database instance you just created - Run
npm ci
to install the project dependencies. - Run
npx prisma migrate reset
to execute the existing migrations & data seed. Pressy
when it asks if you're sure.
- Run the app with
npm start
- Work through each route detailed in the API Spec.
- Work through each route detailed in the extended API Spec. This will require making changes to your existing routes, creating error responses for certain situations, and introducing a new route.
- You will need to create your own tests for these endpoints. Use the existing test provided in
test/api/extensions
as a guide.
- Change your movie list GET route to only respond with movies that have a future screening time
- Add the ability for customers to leave reviews on movies
- This will require a new entity in your diagram, schema file and seed file. Remember the
npx prisma generate
,npx prisma migrate dev --create-only --skip-seed --name reviews
andnpx prisma migrate reset
commands from an earlier exercise!
- This will require a new entity in your diagram, schema file and seed file. Remember the
- You will need to create your own tests for these endpoints. Use the existing test provided in
test/api/extensions
as a guide.- If you create the new
Review
entity, then you will also need to re-runnpm run test:migration
so that your test database runs the migration to create this table. Do this AFTER you have created the new migration file.
- If you create the new
- First, make sure you have created / setup the test database instance and env var, as described in the "Setting Up" section.
- Next, run the command
npm run test:migration
- this will run the schema migrations against the test database. You only need to do this the one time.
Now, whenever you want to run tests locally:
- Run the test suite with
npm test
for core requirements. - Run the extension test suite with
npm run test-extensions
.- When working on extensions, create your own tests by using the one provided in
test/api/extensions
as a guide.
- When working on extensions, create your own tests by using the one provided in
So far, you may have been using curl
to manually test your API endpoints. You can continue to use this approach if you choose, or you can download a tool to make things a little easier. There are two main options:
These tools are quite similar to your web browser but have some additional functionality to make structuring API requests easier.