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Deploy a wordpress site on ec2

1. Launch an ec2 instance or vm

  • Install and configure WordPress
  • WordPress is the most popular open-source blogging system and CMS on the Web. It is based on PHP and MySQL. Its features can be extended with thousands of free plugins and themes.

2. Install Dependencies

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2 \
                 ghostscript \
                 libapache2-mod-php \
                 mysql-server \
                 php \
                 php-bcmath \
                 php-curl \
                 php-imagick \
                 php-intl \
                 php-json \
                 php-mbstring \
                 php-mysql \
                 php-xml \
                 php-zip

3. Install WordPress

sudo mkdir -p /srv/www
sudo chown www-data: /srv/www
curl https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz | sudo -u www-data tar zx -C /srv/www
  • Note that this sets the ownership to the user www-data , which is potentially insecure,
  • such as when your server hosts multiple sites with different maintainers.
  • You should investigate using a user per website in such scenarios and make the files readable and writable to only those users.
  • This will require configuring PHP-FPM to launch a separate instance per site each running as the site’s user account.
  • In such setup the wp-config.php should (read: if you do it differently you need a good reason) be readonly to the site owner
  • and group and other permissions set to no-access (chmod 400) .
  • This is beyond the scope of this guide, however.

4. Configure Apache for WordPress

  • Create Apache site for WordPress. Create /etc/apache2/sites-available/wordpress.conf with following lines:
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot /srv/www/wordpress
    <Directory /srv/www/wordpress>
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride Limit Options FileInfo
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
    <Directory /srv/www/wordpress/wp-content>
        Options FollowSymLinks
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>
  • Enable the site with:
sudo a2ensite wordpress
  • Enable URL rewriting with:
sudo a2enmod rewrite
  • Disable the default “It Works” site with:
sudo a2dissite 000-default
  • Finally, reload apache2 to apply all these changes:
sudo service apache2 reload

5. Configure database

  • To configure WordPress, we need to create MySQL database. Let’s do it!
$ sudo mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.20-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> CREATE USER wordpress@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '<your-password>';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP,ALTER
    -> ON wordpress.*
    -> TO wordpress@localhost;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye```

- Enable MySQL with sudo service mysql start

# 6. Configure WordPress to connect to the database

- Now, let’s configure WordPress to use this database. First, copy the sample configuration file to `wp-config.php` :

sudo -u www-data cp /srv/www/wordpress/wp-config-sample.php /srv/www/wordpress/wp-config.php


- Next, set the database credentials in the configuration file (do not replace database_name_here or username_here in the commands below. Do replace <your-password> with your database password.):

sudo -u www-data sed -i 's/database_name_here/wordpress/' /srv/www/wordpress/wp-config.php sudo -u www-data sed -i 's/username_here/wordpress/' /srv/www/wordpress/wp-config.php sudo -u www-data sed -i 's/password_here//' /srv/www/wordpress/wp-config.php


-  Finally, in a terminal session open the configuration file in nano:

`  sudo -u www-data nano /srv/www/wordpress/wp-config.php  `
 
- Find the following:

`
define( 'AUTH_KEY',         'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'NONCE_KEY',        'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'AUTH_SALT',        'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put your unique phrase here' );
define( 'NONCE_SALT',       'put your unique phrase here' ); 
 `
 - press ctlr + k, to delete each line, and replace the space a randomly generated phrase through this link below
 # https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/
 
- Save and close the configuration file by typing `ctrl+x` followed by y then enter.
# 7. Configure WordPress
- Open http://localhost/ in your browser. You will be asked for title of your new site, username, password, and address e-mail. Note that the username and password you - choose here are for WordPress, and do not provide access to any other part of your server - choose a username and password that are different to your MySQL
- - -(database) credentials, that we configured for WordPress’ use, and different to your credentials for logging into your computer or server’s desktop or shell.