diff --git a/.github/workflows/axon-start-with-short-genesis.yml b/.github/workflows/axon-start-with-short-genesis.yml
index c966eae64..e160b59af 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/axon-start-with-short-genesis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/axon-start-with-short-genesis.yml
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ jobs:
         target/debug/axon init \
           --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
           --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-          --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
           | tee -a ${{ env.LOG_FILE }}
         target/debug/axon run \
           --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    
+
     - name: Cache of Cargo
       uses: actions/cache@v3
       with:
@@ -102,7 +101,6 @@ jobs:
           target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/nodes/node_${id}.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/multi_nodes_short_epoch_len/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > ${{ env.LOG_PATH }}/node_${id}.log
         done
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_11.yml b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_11.yml
index 0cc5af716..8bc5b712d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_11.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_11.yml
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ jobs:
           ./target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > /tmp/log 2>&1
           ./target/debug/axon run  \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_16_19.yml b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_16_19.yml
index f41132037..684795f3b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_16_19.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_16_19.yml
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ jobs:
           ./target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > /tmp/log 2>&1
           ./target/debug/axon run  \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_1_5_and_12_15.yml b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_1_5_and_12_15.yml
index 90a75db73..87a0276d8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_1_5_and_12_15.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_1_5_and_12_15.yml
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ jobs:
           ./target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > /tmp/log 2>&1
           ./target/debug/axon run  \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_6_10.yml b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_6_10.yml
index eeef0a230..7b0a8bba2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_6_10.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/openzeppelin_test_6_10.yml
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ jobs:
           ./target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > /tmp/log 2>&1
           ./target/debug/axon run  \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/.github/workflows/somking_test.yml b/.github/workflows/somking_test.yml
index fae437e19..0fded8fa7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/somking_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/somking_test.yml
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ jobs:
          ./axon init \
            --config     ${{ github.workspace }}/axon/config.toml \
            --chain-spec ${{ github.workspace }}/axon/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-           --key-file   ${{ github.workspace }}/axon/debug.key \
            > /tmp/log 2>&1
          ./axon run  \
            --config     ${{ github.workspace }}/axon/config.toml \
diff --git a/.github/workflows/v3_core_test.yml b/.github/workflows/v3_core_test.yml
index 83e685003..1ad9ef8d7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/v3_core_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/v3_core_test.yml
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ jobs:
           ./target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > /tmp/log 2>&1
           ./target/debug/axon run  \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/.github/workflows/web3_compatible.yml b/.github/workflows/web3_compatible.yml
index b7395954f..8def0ce84 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/web3_compatible.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/web3_compatible.yml
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ jobs:
           ./target/debug/axon init \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
             --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-            --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
             > /tmp/log 2>&1
           ./target/debug/axon run \
             --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 0e68ea634..dffc707e7 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ e2e-test:
 	./target/debug/axon init \
 		--config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
 		--chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-		--key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key \
 		> /tmp/log 2>&1
 	./target/debug/axon run  \
 		--config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d4d873e5c..53805237f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -59,8 +59,7 @@ cargo build --release
 # Initialize the chain
 target/release/axon init \
     --config     devtools/chain/config.toml \
-    --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml \
-    --key-file   devtools/chain/debug.key
+    --chain-spec devtools/chain/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml
 # Start a single Axon node
 target/release/axon run --config devtools/chain/config.toml
 ```
diff --git a/core/cli/src/args/init.rs b/core/cli/src/args/init.rs
index e8a822175..39e4b964a 100644
--- a/core/cli/src/args/init.rs
+++ b/core/cli/src/args/init.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 use clap::Parser;
 
-use common_config_parser::types::{
-    spec::{ChainSpec, PrivateKey},
-    Config,
-};
+use common_config_parser::types::{spec::ChainSpec, Config};
 use common_version::Version;
 
 use crate::{
@@ -28,16 +25,11 @@ pub struct InitArgs {
         help = "File path of chain spec."
     )]
     pub spec:   ChainSpec,
-
-    #[command(flatten)]
-    pub key: PrivateKey,
 }
 
 impl InitArgs {
     pub(crate) fn execute(self, kernel_version: Version) -> Result<()> {
-        let Self { config, spec, key } = self;
-
-        let key_data = key.data().map_err(Error::Internal)?;
+        let Self { config, spec } = self;
 
         utils::check_version(
             &config.data_path_for_version(),
@@ -46,6 +38,6 @@ impl InitArgs {
         )?;
         utils::register_log(&config);
 
-        core_run::init(config, spec, key_data).map_err(Error::Running)
+        core_run::init(config, spec).map_err(Error::Running)
     }
 }
diff --git a/core/run/src/components/chain_spec.rs b/core/run/src/components/chain_spec.rs
index bf91c578f..0d0bf34b5 100644
--- a/core/run/src/components/chain_spec.rs
+++ b/core/run/src/components/chain_spec.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 use common_config_parser::types::spec::ChainSpec;
-use common_crypto::Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey;
 
 use protocol::types::{
     Block, Eip1559Transaction, RichBlock, TransactionAction, UnsignedTransaction, BASE_FEE_PER_GAS,
@@ -7,11 +6,11 @@ use protocol::types::{
 
 pub(crate) trait ChainSpecExt {
     //! Generate the genesis block.
-    fn generate_genesis_block(&self, genesis_key: Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey) -> RichBlock;
+    fn generate_genesis_block(&self) -> RichBlock;
 }
 
 impl ChainSpecExt for ChainSpec {
-    fn generate_genesis_block(&self, _genesis_key: Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey) -> RichBlock {
+    fn generate_genesis_block(&self) -> RichBlock {
         let txs = vec![];
         let block = Block {
             header:    self.genesis.build_header(),
diff --git a/core/run/src/lib.rs b/core/run/src/lib.rs
index 99381440e..068548781 100644
--- a/core/run/src/lib.rs
+++ b/core/run/src/lib.rs
@@ -3,10 +3,7 @@ use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 use common_apm::metrics::mempool::{MEMPOOL_CO_QUEUE_LEN, MEMPOOL_LEN_GAUGE};
 use common_config_parser::types::spec::{ChainSpec, InitialAccount};
 use common_config_parser::types::{Config, ConfigMempool};
-use common_crypto::{
-    BlsPrivateKey, BlsPublicKey, Secp256k1, Secp256k1PrivateKey, Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey,
-    ToPublicKey,
-};
+use common_crypto::{BlsPrivateKey, BlsPublicKey, Secp256k1, Secp256k1PrivateKey, ToPublicKey};
 
 use protocol::tokio::{
     self, runtime::Builder as RuntimeBuilder, sync::Mutex as AsyncMutex, time::sleep,
@@ -50,12 +47,8 @@ use components::{
 pub use error::MainError;
 use key_provider::KeyP;
 
-pub fn init(
-    config: Config,
-    spec: ChainSpec,
-    key: Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey,
-) -> ProtocolResult<()> {
-    let genesis = spec.generate_genesis_block(key);
+pub fn init(config: Config, spec: ChainSpec) -> ProtocolResult<()> {
+    let genesis = spec.generate_genesis_block();
 
     let path_rocksdb = config.data_path_for_rocksdb();
     if path_rocksdb.exists() {
diff --git a/core/run/src/tests.rs b/core/run/src/tests.rs
index 746b158e5..f22a9081a 100644
--- a/core/run/src/tests.rs
+++ b/core/run/src/tests.rs
@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@ use clap::{builder::TypedValueParser as _, Command};
 use hasher::HasherKeccak;
 
 use common_config_parser::types::{
-    spec::{ChainSpec, ChainSpecValueParser, PrivateKeyFileValueParser},
+    spec::{ChainSpec, ChainSpecValueParser},
     Config, ConfigValueParser,
 };
-use common_crypto::Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey;
 use core_executor::{
     system_contract::metadata::{segment::EpochSegment, EPOCH_SEGMENT_KEY},
     AxonExecutorApplyAdapter, MetadataHandle,
@@ -37,7 +36,6 @@ struct TestCase<'a> {
     chain_name:         &'a str,
     config_file:        &'a str,
     chain_spec_file:    &'a str,
-    key_file:           &'a str,
     input_genesis_hash: &'a str,
     genesis_state_root: &'a str,
 }
@@ -47,7 +45,6 @@ const TESTCASES: &[TestCase] = &[
         chain_name:         "single_node",
         config_file:        "config.toml",
         chain_spec_file:    "specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml",
-        key_file:           "debug.key",
         input_genesis_hash: "0xe3a40f0115fbf101520ceea1ce7103a73cb46554187ac7ed67f3522103e06d99",
         genesis_state_root: "0x2f1e8e50d5ab97af96fdb5d6de8e691e5bb80f46f2c98c4133d265bd8b60de61",
     },
@@ -55,7 +52,6 @@ const TESTCASES: &[TestCase] = &[
         chain_name:         "multi_nodes",
         config_file:        "nodes/node_1.toml",
         chain_spec_file:    "specs/multi_nodes/chain-spec.toml",
-        key_file:           "debug.key",
         input_genesis_hash: "0x1b4cf78373961dabcba5d4a9402c924fc4fecdd9ce367239f02c8971a052f3b5",
         genesis_state_root: "0xf684cbec490eb5b8a07b80f369f3bf87f05ec73494b869111010a6ad6fa89894",
     },
@@ -63,7 +59,6 @@ const TESTCASES: &[TestCase] = &[
         chain_name:         "multi_nodes_short_epoch_len",
         config_file:        "nodes/node_1.toml",
         chain_spec_file:    "specs/multi_nodes_short_epoch_len/chain-spec.toml",
-        key_file:           "debug.key",
         input_genesis_hash: "0xd930632a7565acfc149c1d896d79910608768de5b936fdb34cc47c9b2296dd2a",
         genesis_state_root: "0xa5e1e7ac3e03f7dc26cc93ab69c0ec49e591cbdaa7694c75682745c40bfca468",
     },
@@ -113,13 +108,6 @@ async fn check_genesis_data<'a>(case: &TestCase<'a>) {
             .parse_ref(&command, None, chain_spec_path.as_os_str())
             .expect("parse chain-spec file")
     };
-    let key: Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey = {
-        let key_file_path = tmp_dir_path.join(case.key_file);
-        let key_data = PrivateKeyFileValueParser
-            .parse_ref(&command, None, key_file_path.as_os_str())
-            .expect("parse key file");
-        Secp256k1RecoverablePrivateKey::try_from(key_data.as_ref()).expect("load key data")
-    };
 
     let path_block = tmp_dir.path().join("block");
     let db_group = DatabaseGroup::new(
@@ -130,7 +118,7 @@ async fn check_genesis_data<'a>(case: &TestCase<'a>) {
     )
     .expect("initialize databases");
 
-    let partial_genesis = chain_spec.generate_genesis_block(key);
+    let partial_genesis = chain_spec.generate_genesis_block();
     let genesis = execute_genesis(partial_genesis, &chain_spec, &db_group)
         .await
         .expect("complete genesis block");
diff --git a/devtools/chain/debug.key b/devtools/chain/debug.key
deleted file mode 100644
index 5a5922e28..000000000
--- a/devtools/chain/debug.key
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-7ª‰=‘JMï`À©„ÓaFϲi$קÊn
¹•
--
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/devtools/docker/docker-entrypoint.sh b/devtools/docker/docker-entrypoint.sh
index 3c5fae44c..4748e546d 100755
--- a/devtools/docker/docker-entrypoint.sh
+++ b/devtools/docker/docker-entrypoint.sh
@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ BASE_DIR="/app/devtools/chain"
 DATA_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/data"
 CONFIG_FILE="${BASE_DIR}/config.toml"
 CHAIN_SPEC_FILE="${BASE_DIR}/specs/single_node/chain-spec.toml"
-KEY_FILE="${BASE_DIR}/debug.key"
 
 if [ ! -e "${DATA_DIR}" ]; then
-    /app/axon init --config "${CONFIG_FILE}" --chain-spec "${CHAIN_SPEC_FILE}" --key-file "${KEY_FILE}"
+    /app/axon init --config "${CONFIG_FILE}" --chain-spec "${CHAIN_SPEC_FILE}"
 fi
 /app/axon run --config "${CONFIG_FILE}"