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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>ARIES :: Sediment regulation</title>
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<a class="style1" <button type="button" onclick='window.location="soilspecs.html">Detailed module information</button> </a> </h1>
<h1>Sediment
regulation
<a class="style3" href="soilspecs.html"></a> </h1>
<p align="center" style="background-color:#eeeeee">
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<div style="padding-right:12px">
<h2 style="margin-top:32px">At a glance</h2>
<hr/>
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<h5 class="style10">Sediment delivery as a beneficial or detrimental service</h5>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Sediment regulation can be classified as
either a beneficial or detrimental service, depending on whether
the user benefits from or is harmed by sediment delivery. Running
the sediment flow model allows the user to map spatial connections
between sources of sediment, areas that promote sediment deposition,
and users that benefit from or are harmed by sediment delivery. We
can also run the erosion source model both with and without existing
vegetation, showing the benefit of existing vegetation in erosion
control or the benefits of increasing vegetation cover on erosion-prone
surfaces.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></p>
<h5 style="color:#69F"><span>Multiple benefits from sustainable forestry and agriculture<o:p></o:p></span></h5>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Because of the strong connections between
areas of high biodiversity, carbon storage, and erosion control,
researchers in many regions are exploring the overlap between
areas that provide these services. ARIES models can help the
development of economic incentives for forestry and agricultural
practices that reduce erosion while improving carbon sequestration
and storage, biodiversity, and other ecosystem services.
</span></p>
<h5 style="color:#69F"><span>Intelligent model selection<o:p></o:p></span></h5>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Past ecosystem services modeling projects
have often relied on the Universal Soil Loss Equation or Revised
Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE/RUSLE) to estimate erosion.
While RUSLE works well in certain environments, it has several
well-known limitations. ARIES can use artificial intelligence to
select the right model for the right context: for instance, to use
RUSLE to estimate erosion loss in relatively level environments,
and to use data-driven Bayesian models to estimate erosion loss on
steeply-sloped environments where RUSLE is known to perform poorly.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:24px"> </p>
<h5 style="color:#69F"> </h5>
<p style="margin-bottom:24px"> </p>
</div>
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<h1 style="margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:24px" class="style8">
<span><span id="ipe_ic"><a target="_blank">
<img class="style11" height="199" src="img/Coal%20Runoff.jpg" style="float: left" width="300"></a></span>
Erosion and sedimentation are major global problems that impose a
high cost on the functioning of ecosystems (e.g. aquatic, coastal,
and nearshore marine ecosystems) and economic sectors (e.g., agriculture,
water supply, electric power generation, and navigation). Natural sediment
delivery can also be a beneficial process. For instance, sediment pulses
can restore fertility to floodplain farmland, and reduced sediment delivery
to deltas can lead to loss of coastal wetlands and the critical services
they provide.</h1>
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="6px" style="height: 328px">
<tr><td colspan="2"><h4 style="color:#69F; height: 22px;">In the
field</h4></td></tr>
<tr>
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<h5 style="color:#69F" class="style8">Madagascar</h5>
<p class="style8" style="width: 278px">
<img src="img/lemur_160.gif" align="left" class="style13" height="111" width="160"/><br>
Sedimentation is particularly problematic in Madagascar,
where high rates of deforestation and low natural rates of
forest regrowth have led to high levels of erosion. Excess
sedimentation can be particularly damaging to rice fields
and to coastal and marine ecosystems and the services they provide.
<br> </p>
<div class="style8">
<h5 class="style12">Dominican Republic</h5>
<p class="style8" style="width: 278px">
<img alt="" height="111" src="img/Dominican%20Rep-NASA.jpg" width="149"><br>
In the Dominican Republic, sediment loss from intensive
agricultural practices is impacting hydroelectric production
in parts of the country, impeding development efforts and
reducing human well-being. Mapping the costs and benefits
of erosion can show the added economic and environmental
benefits of shade-grown coffee over intensive agriculture.</p>
</div>
</td>
<td width="50%" class="style9">
<h5 class="style10">Western Washington State</h5>
<div class="style8">
<img src="img/SnoquamieForest.jpg" align="left" class="style14" height="111" width="160"/>
</div>
<p class="style8">In Western Washington, sedimentation is
important for both providing beneficial coarse sediments
(e.g., gravels) for salmon spawning and for avoided
siltation of habitat for salmon and other economically beneficial
species. Sediment delivery can also have negative impacts on
drinking water intakes and recreational use and
hydroelectric power generation from reservoirs.</p>
<p class="style8"> </p>
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</table>
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</div>
</div>
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<div id="ft" role="contentinfo"><p></p><p align="center">Copyright (C) 2011 The ARIES Consortium. All rights reserved.</p>
</div>
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