diff --git a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CheckIndex.java b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CheckIndex.java
index 00d79fa8934a..64d47913e2dd 100644
--- a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CheckIndex.java
+++ b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CheckIndex.java
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ private Status.SegmentInfoStatus testSegment(
 
     final Version version = info.info.getVersion();
     if (info.info.maxDoc() <= 0) {
-      throw new CheckIndexException(" illegal number of documents: maxDoc=" + info.info.maxDoc());
+      throw new CheckIndexException("illegal number of documents: maxDoc=" + info.info.maxDoc());
     }
 
     int toLoseDocCount = info.info.maxDoc();
diff --git a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CorruptSegmentInfoException.java b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CorruptSegmentInfoException.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6df76f9c2dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/CorruptSegmentInfoException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.lucene.index;
+
+import org.apache.lucene.store.DataInput;
+import org.apache.lucene.store.DataOutput;
+
+/**
+ * This exception is thrown when Lucene is unable to read a SegmentInfo file _N.si (When it is
+ * missing or corrupt)
+ */
+public class CorruptSegmentInfoException extends CorruptIndexException {
+
+  // The segment name of the missing .si file is always stored for accurate error reporting
+  String segmentName;
+
+  /** Create exception with the segmentName and message only */
+  public CorruptSegmentInfoException(String segmentName, String message, DataInput input) {
+    super(message, input);
+    this.segmentName = segmentName;
+  }
+
+  /** Create exception with the segmentName and message only */
+  public CorruptSegmentInfoException(String segmentName, String message, DataOutput output) {
+    super(message, output);
+    this.segmentName = segmentName;
+  }
+
+  /** Create exception with the segmentName, message and root cause. */
+  public CorruptSegmentInfoException(
+      String segmentName, String message, DataInput input, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, input, cause);
+    this.segmentName = segmentName;
+  }
+
+  /** Create exception with the segmentName, message and root cause. */
+  public CorruptSegmentInfoException(
+      String segmentName, String message, DataOutput output, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, output, cause);
+    this.segmentName = segmentName;
+  }
+
+  /** Create exception with the segmentName and message only */
+  public CorruptSegmentInfoException(
+      String segmentName, String message, String resourceDescription) {
+    super(message, resourceDescription);
+    this.segmentName = segmentName;
+  }
+
+  /** Create exception with the segmentName, message and root cause. */
+  public CorruptSegmentInfoException(
+      String segmentName, String message, String resourceDescription, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, resourceDescription, cause);
+    this.segmentName = segmentName;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/SegmentInfos.java b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/SegmentInfos.java
index 7caf2dbda8c4..67446cef2ceb 100644
--- a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/SegmentInfos.java
+++ b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/SegmentInfos.java
@@ -43,10 +43,7 @@
 import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
 import org.apache.lucene.store.IOContext;
 import org.apache.lucene.store.IndexOutput;
-import org.apache.lucene.util.CollectionUtil;
-import org.apache.lucene.util.IOUtils;
-import org.apache.lucene.util.StringHelper;
-import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.*;
 
 /**
  * A collection of segmentInfo objects with methods for operating on those segments in relation to
@@ -389,13 +386,25 @@ private static void parseSegmentInfos(
     }
 
     long totalDocs = 0;
+    SegmentInfo info;
     for (int seg = 0; seg < numSegments; seg++) {
       String segName = input.readString();
       byte[] segmentID = new byte[StringHelper.ID_LENGTH];
       input.readBytes(segmentID, 0, segmentID.length);
       Codec codec = readCodec(input);
-      SegmentInfo info =
-          codec.segmentInfoFormat().read(directory, segName, segmentID, IOContext.READ);
+      try {
+        info = codec.segmentInfoFormat().read(directory, segName, segmentID, IOContext.READ);
+      } catch (ThreadInterruptedException e) {
+        throw e;
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        if (infoStream != null) {
+          message(e.getMessage());
+        }
+        throw new CorruptSegmentInfoException(
+            segName,
+            "segment info file: " + segName + ".si cannot be read - it may be missing or corrupt",
+            input);
+      }
       info.setCodec(codec);
       totalDocs += info.maxDoc();
       long delGen = CodecUtil.readBELong(input);
diff --git a/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/index/TestTransactions.java b/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/index/TestTransactions.java
index 5fde3977e7c0..2d0cb365d20f 100644
--- a/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/index/TestTransactions.java
+++ b/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/index/TestTransactions.java
@@ -217,7 +217,10 @@ public void doWork() throws Throwable {
         } catch (Exception e) {
           // can be rethrown as RuntimeException if it happens during a close listener
           if (!e.getMessage().contains("on purpose")) {
-            throw e;
+            // Caught "on-purpose" IOException can be rethrown as CorruptSegmentInfoException
+            if (!(e instanceof CorruptSegmentInfoException)) {
+              throw e;
+            }
           }
           // release resources
           IOUtils.closeWhileHandlingException(r1, r2);