representation of a label according to a specified scheme [ISO 19118:2011]
rule for converting instances in the input data structure to instances in the output data structure [ISO 19118:2011]
reinterpretable representation of information in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing [ISO/IEC 2382-1:1993]
conversion of data into a series of codes [ISO 19118:2011]
identifiable collection of conversion rules that define the encoding for a particular data structure [ISO 19118:2011]
knowledge concerning objects, such as facts, events, things, processes, or ideas, including concepts, that within a certain context has a particular meaning [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382-1:1993]
language construct that specifies the representation, in character form, of data objects in a record, file, message, storage device, or transmission channel [ISO 19145:2013; ISO/IEC 2382‑15:1999]