A work with multiple chapters and images in different subdirectories could be described as follows
% publish v2
preamble.tex
% begin
chapters/Introduction.md
chapters/RelatedWork.md
chapters/Results.tex
chapters/chart-07.svg
chapters/Analysis.md
chapters/Conclusion.md
generated/References.tex
% end
If you put that list into EnormousThesis.book in the current directory it can be rendered as follows:
$ render EnormousThesis.book
the result will be written to EnormousThesis.pdf, assuming you had
\documentclass
in preamble.tex, along with all the prerequisite LaTeX
packages installed on your system.
In the file chapters/Analysis.md the markup used to include the SVG image would be:
![A plot showing our analysis](chart-07.pdf)
Note that the filename extension is .pdf not .svg. publish will convert the SVG to a PDF fragment suitable for inclusion in your output document, so you need to tell the LaTeX processor to include that, not the source SVG.
Of course this translates to a LaTeX command,
\includegraphics{chart-07.pdf}
which you can use inline in .md files or raw in .tex source files.
Other documentation: