diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index ccad873..70b4420 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
 
 
 <br><br><br><br>
-## `getNextToLastElement(array)`
+## `getSecondToLastElement(array)`
 * **Description**
    * Given an array of `String` objects, return the next-to-last element of the array.
 
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
     String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
     
     // : When
-    boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.getNextToLastElement(array);
+    boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.getSecondToLastElement(array);
     
     // : Then
     System.out.println(outcome);
@@ -912,9 +912,9 @@
 
 
 <br><br><br><br>
-## `packDuplicates(array)`
+## `packConsecutiveDuplicates(array)`
 * **Description**
-    * Given an array of `char` objects, return an array of Strings with conseuctive duplicates placed in an array.
+    * Given an array of `char` objects, return an array of Strings with consecutive duplicates placed in an array.
         
 
 ### Example 1
@@ -922,10 +922,10 @@
 
     ```
     // : Given
-	char[] array = {'a' 'a' 'a' 'a' 'b' 'c' 'c' 'a' 'a' 'd'}
+	String[] array = {"a", "a", "a", "a", "b", "c", "c", "a", "a", "d"};
 	
     // : When
-    String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packDuplicates(array);
+    String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
     
     // : Then
     System.out.println(Arrays.toString(actual));
@@ -950,10 +950,10 @@
 
     ```
     // : Given
-	char[] array = {'t', 't', 'q', 'a' 'a' 'a' 'a' 'b'}
+	String[] array = {"t", "t", "q", "a", "a", "a", "b", "c", "c", "a", "a", "d", "e", "e", "e"}; 
 	
     // : When
-    String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packDuplicates(array);
+    String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
     
     // : Then
     System.out.println(Arrays.toString(actual));
@@ -976,10 +976,10 @@
 
     ```
     // : Given
-	char[] array = {'m', 'o', 'o', 'n' 'm' 'a' 'n'}
+	String[] array = {"m", "o", "o", "n", "m", "a", "n"}
 	
     // : When
-    String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packDuplicates(array);
+    String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
     
     // : Then
     System.out.println(Arrays.toString(actual));
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java
index 33cab12..b8cbfac 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java
@@ -5,31 +5,103 @@
  */
 public class StringArrayUtils {
     /**
-     * @param array - array of String objects
-     * @param value - value to check array for
-     * @return - number of occurrences the specified `value` has occurred
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @return first element of specified array
      */ // TODO
-    public static int getNumberOfOccurrences(String[] array, String value) {
-        return 0;
+    public static String getFirstElement(String[] array) {
+        return null;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param array - array of String objects
-     * @param value - value to check array for
-     * @return - true if the array contains the specified `value`
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @return second element in specified array
      */
+    public static String getSecondElement(String[] array) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @return last element in specified array
+     */ // TODO
+    public static String getLastElement(String[] array) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @return second to last element in specified array
+     */ // TODO
+    public static String getSecondToLastElement(String[] array) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @param value value to check array for
+     * @return true if the array contains the specified `value`
+     */ // TODO
     public static boolean contains(String[] array, String value) {
         return false;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @param array of String objects
+     * @return an array with identical contents in reverse order
+     */ // TODO
+    public static String[] reverse(String[] array) {
+        return null;
+    }
 
     /**
-     * @param array - array of String objects
-     * @param valueToRemove - value to remove from array
-     * @return - array with identical contents excluding values of `value`
-     */
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @return true if the order of the array is the same backwards and forwards
+     */ // TODO
+    public static boolean isPalindromic(String[] array) {
+        return false;
+    }
 
+    /**
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @return true if each letter in the alphabet has been used in the array
+     */ // TODO
+    public static boolean isPangramic(String[] array) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array array of String objects
+     * @param value value to check array for
+     * @return number of occurrences the specified `value` has occurred
+     */ // TODO
+    public static int getNumberOfOccurrences(String[] array, String value) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array         array of String objects
+     * @param valueToRemove value to remove from array
+     * @return array with identical contents excluding values of `value`
+     */ // TODO
     public static String[] removeValue(String[] array, String valueToRemove) {
         return null;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array array of chars
+     * @return array of Strings with consecutive duplicates removes
+     */ // TODO
+    public static String[] removeConsecutiveDuplicates(String[] array) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param array array of chars
+     * @return array of Strings with each consecutive duplicate occurrence concatenated as a single string in an array of Strings
+     */ // TODO
+    public static String[] packConsecutiveDuplicates(String[] array) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtilsTest.java
index 287b11b..4659a62 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtilsTest.java
@@ -7,48 +7,429 @@
  * Created by leon on 1/29/18.
  */
 public class StringArrayUtilsTest {
-    private static final String[] testArray = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetFirstElement1() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "the";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getFirstElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetFirstElement2() {
+        String[] array = {"quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "quick";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getFirstElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetFirstElement3() {
+        String[] array = {"brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "brown";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getFirstElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSecondElement1() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "quick";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getSecondElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSecondElement2() {
+        String[] array = {"quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "brown";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getSecondElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSecondElement3() {
+        String[] array = {"brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "fox";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getSecondElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetLastElement1() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "dog";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getLastElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetLastElement2() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy"};
+        String expected = "lazy";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getLastElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetLastElement3() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over"};
+        String expected = "over";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getLastElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSecondToLastElement1() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String expected = "lazy";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getSecondToLastElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSecondToLastElement2() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "lazy"};
+        String expected = "over";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getSecondToLastElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSecondToLastElement3() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over"};
+        String expected = "jumps";
+        String actual = StringArrayUtils.getSecondToLastElement(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
 
     @Test
     public void testContains() {
-        for (String s : testArray) {
-            boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.contains(testArray, s);
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        for (String s : array) {
+            boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.contains(array, s);
             Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
         }
     }
 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
     @Test
-    public void testRemoveValue() {
-        String[] expected = {"quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
-        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeValue(expected, "The");
+    public void testReverse1() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] expected = {"dog", "lazy", "the", "over", "jumps", "fox", "brown", "quick", "the"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.reverse(array);
         Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
     }
 
+
     @Test
-    public void testRemoveValue1() {
-        String[] expected = {"the", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
-        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeValue(expected, "quick");
+    public void testReverse2() {
+        String[] array  = {"dog", "lazy", "the", "over", "jumps", "fox", "brown", "quick", "the"};
+        String[] expected = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.reverse(array);
         Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
     }
 
+
     @Test
-    public void testRemoveValue2() {
-        String[] expected = {"the", "quick", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
-        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeValue(expected, "brown");
+    public void testReverse3() {
+        String[] expected = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.reverse(StringArrayUtils.reverse(expected));
         Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
     }
 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsPalindromic1() {
+        String[] array = {"a", "b", "c", "b", "a"};
+        boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.isPalindromic(array);
+        Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
+    }
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsPalindromic2() {
+        String[] array = {"Is this a plaindrome?", "This is a plaindrome", "Is this a palindrome?"};
+        boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.isPalindromic(array);
+        Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsPalindromic3() {
+        String[] array = {"Is this a plaindrome?", "This is not a plaindrome", "Is this a palindrome?", "This is not a palindrome"};
+        boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.isPalindromic(array);
+        Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsPangramic1() {
+        String[] array = {"The quick brown", "Fox jumps over", "The lazy dog"};
+        boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.isPangramic(array);
+        Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsPangramic2() {
+        String[] array = {"The", "quick", "onyx", "goblin", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dwarf"};
+        boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.isPangramic(array);
+        Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsPangramic3() {
+        String[] array = {"Five quacking", "zephyrs", "jolt my", "wax bed"};
+        boolean outcome = StringArrayUtils.isPangramic(array);
+        Assert.assertTrue(outcome);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
     @Test
     public void testGetNumberOfOccurrences1() {
+        String[] array = {"aba", "aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bbb", "bbb"};
+        int expected = 4;
+        int actual = StringArrayUtils.getNumberOfOccurrences(array, "bba");
+        Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetNumberOfOccurrences2() {
+        String[] array = {"aba", "aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bbb", "bbb"};
         int expected = 2;
-        int actual = StringArrayUtils.getNumberOfOccurrences(testArray, "the");
+        int actual = StringArrayUtils.getNumberOfOccurrences(array, "bbb");
+        Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetNumberOfOccurrences3() {
+        String[] array = {"aba", "aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bbb", "bbb"};
+        int expected = 4;
+        int actual = StringArrayUtils.getNumberOfOccurrences(array, "bba");
+        Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemoveConsecutiveDuplicates1() {
+        String[] array = {"aba", "aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bbb", "bbb"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
+        String[] expected = {"aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "bbb"};
+        Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemoveConsecutiveDuplicates2() {
+        String[] array = {"aba", "aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "zzz", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bbb", "bbb"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
+        String[] expected = {"aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "zzz", "bba", "bbb"};
+        Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemoveConsecutiveDuplicates3() {
+        String[] array = {"aba", "aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "zzz", "bba", "bba", "bba", "bbb", "bbb", "aba", "bbb"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
+        String[] expected = {"aba", "baa", "bab", "bba", "zzz", "bba", "aba", "bbb"};
+        Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemovePackDuplicates1() {
+        String[] array = {"a", "a", "a", "a", "b", "c", "c", "a", "a", "d"};
+        String[] expected = {"aaa", "b", "cc", "aa", "d", "eee"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
         Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
     }
 
+
+
     @Test
-    public void testGetNumberOfOccurrences2() {
-        int expected = 1;
-        int actual = StringArrayUtils.getNumberOfOccurrences(testArray, "quick");
+    public void testRemovePackDuplicates2() {
+        String[] array = {"t", "t", "q", "a", "a", "a", "b", "c", "c", "a", "a", "d", "e", "e", "e"};
+        String[] expected = {"tt", "q", "aaa", "cc", "aa", "d", "eee"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemovePackDuplicates3() {
+        String[] array = {"m", "o", "o", "n", "m", "a", "n"};
+        String[] expected = {"m", "oo", "n", "m", "a", "n"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.packConsecutiveDuplicates(array);
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemoveValue() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] expected = {"quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeValue(array, "The");
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemoveValue1() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] expected = {"the", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeValue(array, "quick");
+        Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRemoveValue2() {
+        String[] array = {"the", "quick", "brown", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] expected = {"the", "quick", "fox", "jumps", "over", "the", "lazy", "dog"};
+        String[] actual = StringArrayUtils.removeValue(array, "brown");
         Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
     }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
 }