From fa59dbf8da236a01b6f76c4aa5a341bd5e166023 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 11:27:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 01/31] feat: lesson overview items no longer need to be
 questions

---
 .../variables_and_operators.md                | 30 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 9cf7bf24bd0..2d4e1ef2964 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -1,24 +1,26 @@
 ### Introduction
 
-In the previous sections you learnt how to structure webpages with HTML and style them with CSS. The next step is to make the webpage *interactive*, which is exactly what JavaScript is for. In this section, we will focus on the fundamentals of JavaScript and how you can use it to manipulate all the various interactions between the web page and user.
+In the previous sections you learnt how to structure webpages with HTML and style them with CSS. The next step is to make the webpage *interactive*, which is exactly what JavaScript is for. 
+
+In this section, we will focus on the fundamentals of JavaScript and how you can use it to manipulate all the various interactions between the web page and user.
 
 ### Lesson overview
 
 This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this lesson.
 
-- How do you declare a variable?
-- What are three different ways to declare a variable?
-- Which one should you use when?
-- What are the rules for naming variables?
-- What are operators, operands, and operations?
-- What is concatenation and what happens when you add numbers and strings together?
-- What are the different types of operators in JavaScript?
-- What is the difference between == and ===?
-- What are operator precedence values?
-- What are the increment/decrement operators?
-- What is the difference between prefixing and postfixing them?
-- What are assignment operators?
-- What is the Unary Plus Operator?
+- How to declare a variable.
+- The three different ways to declare a variable.
+- Which one to use and when.
+- The rules for naming variables.
+- Discuss what are operators, operands, and operations.
+- Learn about concatenation and what happens when you add numbers and strings together.
+- The different types of operators in JavaScript.
+- The difference between == and ===.
+- Discuss what are operator precedence values.
+- What the increment/decrement operators are.
+- The difference between prefixing and postfixing them.
+- What assignment operators are.
+- What the Unary Plus Operator is.
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 

From 47f16e742b7984b964ffa1540778d87bcbd7ef28 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 14:41:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 02/31] feat: improve instructions on how to open the dev tools

---
 .../javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 16 ++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 2d4e1ef2964..24df0801fcf 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this l
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 
-All JavaScript we will be writing in the majority of the Foundations course will be run via the browser. Later lessons in Foundations and the NodeJS path will show you how to run JavaScript outside of the browser environment. Outside of these lessons, for now you should always default to running your JavaScript in the browser unless otherwise specified, otherwise you may run into unexpected errors.
+All JavaScript we will be writing in the majority of the Foundations course will be run via the browser. Later lessons in Foundations and the NodeJS path will show you how to run JavaScript outside of the browser environment. 
 
-The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript code inside of it.  Type the basic HTML skeleton into a file on your computer somewhere:
+Outside of these lessons, for now you should always default to running your JavaScript in the browser unless otherwise specified, otherwise you may run into unexpected errors.
+
+The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript code inside of it. Use the VS Code snippet <kbd>!</kbd> + <kbd>TAB</kbd> to create the basic HTML skeleton in a file on your computer somewhere:
 
 ```html
 <!DOCTYPE html>
@@ -44,9 +46,15 @@ The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript co
 </html>
 ```
 
-Save and open this file up in a web browser (you can use ["Live Server" on Visual Studio Code](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ritwickdey.LiveServer) to do this!) and then <span id="access-devTools-console">open up the browser's console by right-clicking on the blank webpage and selecting "Inspect" or "Inspect Element".  In the 'Developer Tools' pane find and select the 'Console' tab</span>, where you should see the output of our `console.log` statement.
+Save and open this file up in a web browser and then open up the browser's console:
+
+1. Right-click on the blank webpage or press <kbd>F12</kbd>.
+1. Click on "Inspect" or "Inspect Element" to open the Developer Tools (redundant if you use the keyboard shortcut).
+1. Find and select the "Console" tab, where you should see the output of our `console.log` statement.
+
+**Tip:** You can use ["Live Server" extension in Visual Studio Code](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ritwickdey.LiveServer) to automatically update the browser when you save your file instead of having to manually refresh the page to see any changes when you edit your code. Try edit the text to say something different!
 
-> <span id="console-log">`console.log()` is the command to print something to the developer console in your browser. You can use this to print the results from any of the following articles and exercises to the console.</span> We encourage you to code along with all of the examples in this and future lessons.
+`console.log()` is the command to print something to the developer console in your browser. You can use this to print the results from any of the following articles and exercises to the console. We encourage you to code along with all of the examples in this and future lessons.
 
 Another way to include JavaScript in a webpage is through an external script. This is very similar to linking external CSS docs to your website.
 

From a4a83d1fd436a92c4d28382b496ef8fbc9ab889c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 14:45:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 03/31] feat: increase clarity on what is the js extension

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 24df0801fcf..6cbb58e81e3 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ Another way to include JavaScript in a webpage is through an external script. Th
 
 JavaScript files have the extension `.js` similar to `.css` for stylesheets. External JavaScript files are used for more complex scripts.
 
+We named our file `javascript.js` but we could have chosen any name like `my-script.js` or even no name `.js`. What is really important is the `.js` extension. 
+
 ### Variables
 
 You can think of variables as "storage containers" for data in your code.

From 9efb284788c8ebc697aec4db6a453b5e3284c0e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 14:50:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 04/31] feat: move the javascript article to assignment

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 6cbb58e81e3..7b2ca61e0ee 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -72,11 +72,9 @@ You can think of variables as "storage containers" for data in your code.
 
 ![Variable Box Illustration](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/TheOdinProject/curriculum/d39eaf2ca95e80705f703bb218216c10508f5047/foundations/javascript_basics/fundamentals-1/imgs/00.png)
 
-<span id="variable-declaration">Until recently there was only one way to create a variable in JavaScript &mdash; the `var` statement. But in the newest JavaScript versions we have two more ways &mdash; `let` and `const`.</span>
+Until recently there was only one way to create a variable in JavaScript &mdash; the `var` statement. But in the newest JavaScript versions we have two more ways &mdash; `let` and `const`.
 
-1. This tutorial on [JavaScript variables](http://javascript.info/variables) will explain everything you need to know! Be sure to do the **Tasks** at the end. Information won't stick without practice!
-
-The above tutorial mentioned this, but it's important enough to note again: `let` and `const` are both relatively new ways to declare variables in JavaScript. <span id="avoid-var">In *many* tutorials (and code) across the internet you're likely to encounter `var` statements. Don't let it bother you! There's nothing inherently wrong with `var`, and in most cases `var` and `let` behave the same way. But sometimes the behavior of `var` is *not* what you would expect. Just stick to `let` (and `const`) for now.</span>
+It's important to note: `let` and `const` are both relatively new ways to declare variables in JavaScript. In *many* tutorials (and code) across the internet you're likely to encounter `var` statements. Don't let it bother you! There's nothing inherently wrong with `var`, and in most cases `var` and `let` behave the same way. But sometimes the behavior of `var` is *not* what you would expect. Just stick to `let` (and `const`) for now.
 
 ### Numbers
 
@@ -89,6 +87,8 @@ Numbers are the building blocks of programming logic!  In fact, it's hard to thi
 ### Assignment
 
 <div class="lesson-content__panel" markdown="1">
+1. This tutorial on [JavaScript variables](http://javascript.info/variables) will explain everything you need to know! Be sure to do the **Tasks** at the end. Information won't stick without practice!
+  
 Try the following exercises (and don't forget to use `console.log()`!):
 
 1. Add 2 numbers together! (just type  `console.log(23 + 97)`   into your HTML file)

From df94d5dc4acda92a9c3ecf578ecd36c5ae41177a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:19:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 05/31] feat: example of let and const

---
 .../variables_and_operators.md                | 42 ++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 7b2ca61e0ee..55271fa4b8a 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -72,9 +72,47 @@ You can think of variables as "storage containers" for data in your code.
 
 ![Variable Box Illustration](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/TheOdinProject/curriculum/d39eaf2ca95e80705f703bb218216c10508f5047/foundations/javascript_basics/fundamentals-1/imgs/00.png)
 
-Until recently there was only one way to create a variable in JavaScript &mdash; the `var` statement. But in the newest JavaScript versions we have two more ways &mdash; `let` and `const`.
+You can declare variables using the `let` keyword. Lets try it! (No pun intended).
 
-It's important to note: `let` and `const` are both relatively new ways to declare variables in JavaScript. In *many* tutorials (and code) across the internet you're likely to encounter `var` statements. Don't let it bother you! There's nothing inherently wrong with `var`, and in most cases `var` and `let` behave the same way. But sometimes the behavior of `var` is *not* what you would expect. Just stick to `let` (and `const`) for now.
+```javascript
+let name = "John";
+let surname = "Doe";
+
+console.log(name);
+console.log(surname);
+```
+
+What will the `console.log` output? Try it out!
+
+You can also re-assign variables:
+
+```javascript
+let age = 11;
+console.log(age); // outputs 11 to the console
+
+age = 54; // Notice the lack of "let" - we don't need it since the variable has already been *declared* earlier and we are just re-assigning it here!
+ 
+console.log(age); // what will be output now?
+```
+
+Re-assigning is cool and all, but what if we *don't* want it to happen? For example we might have a *constant* `pi` which will never change. We can accomplish this using the `const` keyword.
+
+```javascript
+const pi = 3.14;
+pi = 10;
+
+console.log(pi); // What will be output?
+```
+
+Your intuition may tell you that `3.14` will be output. Try it!
+
+An error is thrown. It doesn't even reach the `console.log`! You may wonder why we would *want* an error in our code. Truth be told, errors are incredibly helpful at telling us what is wrong with our code and exactly where the issue is. Without them, our code would still not do what we may want it to, but it would be a major pain to try and find what's wrong!
+
+So in summary, there are two ways to declare a variable:
+- With `let`, which we can re-assign.
+- Using `const` which we **can't** re-assign and will throw an error if we try.
+
+There is also a third way - using `var`. It is the old way and should **not** be used. However, you will likely come across code which uses `var`, so it is important to know that it exists. Do not worry too much about it for now.
 
 ### Numbers
 

From 3c1dd302f5ee6a8b12e850b471f94f555cac8caf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:28:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 06/31] feat: move to assignment

---
 .../javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 16 ++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 55271fa4b8a..a6773f8135c 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -118,13 +118,14 @@ There is also a third way - using `var`. It is the old way and should **not** be
 
 Numbers are the building blocks of programming logic!  In fact, it's hard to think of any useful programming task that doesn't involve at least a little basic math... so knowing how numbers work is obviously quite important.  Luckily, it's also fairly straightforward.
 
-1. This W3Schools lesson on [JavaScript arithmetic](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_arithmetic.asp) followed by this on [JavaScript numbers](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_numbers.asp), are good introductions to what you can accomplish with numbers in JavaScript.
-1. This MDN article on [JavaScript math](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Math) covers the same info from a slightly different point of view, while also teaching you how to apply some basic math in JavaScript. There's much more that you can do with numbers, but this is all you need at the moment.
-1. Read through \(and code along with!\) this article on [JavaScript operators](http://javascript.info/operators).  Don't forget to do the "Tasks" at the bottom of the page!  It will give you a pretty good idea of what you can accomplish with numbers (among other things!) in JavaScript.
+If you went to school, you will likely not find the concept too difficult to grasp. For example, the mathematical expression `(3 + 2) - 76 * (1 + 1)` is also valid JavaScript. If you put that into a `console.log`, it'll evaluate the expression and output the correct number. Try it! 
 
 ### Assignment
 
 <div class="lesson-content__panel" markdown="1">
+1. This W3Schools lesson on [JavaScript arithmetic](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_arithmetic.asp) followed by this on [JavaScript numbers](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_numbers.asp), are good introductions to what you can accomplish with numbers in JavaScript.
+1. This MDN article on [JavaScript math](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Math) covers the same info from a slightly different point of view, while also teaching you how to apply some basic math in JavaScript. There's much more that you can do with numbers, but this is all you need at the moment.
+1. Read through \(and code along with!\) this article on [JavaScript operators](http://javascript.info/operators).  Don't forget to do the "Tasks" at the bottom of the page!  It will give you a pretty good idea of what you can accomplish with numbers (among other things!) in JavaScript.
 1. This tutorial on [JavaScript variables](http://javascript.info/variables) will explain everything you need to know! Be sure to do the **Tasks** at the end. Information won't stick without practice!
   
 Try the following exercises (and don't forget to use `console.log()`!):
@@ -138,10 +139,10 @@ Try the following exercises (and don't forget to use `console.log()`!):
     - In the console `console.log(a)` should print `10`
     - Try the following in the console: `9 * a`
     - and this: `let b = 7 * a` (returns `undefined` \*) and then `console.log(b)`
-1. You should be getting the hang of this by now... try this sequence:
-    - Declare a constant variable `MAX` with the value `57`
-    - Set another variable `actual` to `MAX - 13`
-    - Set another variable `percentage` to `actual / MAX`
+1. Try this sequence:
+    - Declare a constant variable `max` with the value `57`
+    - Set another variable `actual` to `max - 13`
+    - Set another variable `percentage` to `actual / max`
     - If you type `percentage` in the console and press <kbd>Enter</kbd> you should see a value like `0.7719`
 1. Take a few minutes to keep playing around with various things in your script tag.  Eventually, we will learn how to actually make those numbers and things show up on the webpage, but all of this logic will remain the same, so make sure you're comfortable with it before moving on.
 
@@ -170,5 +171,4 @@ The following questions are an opportunity to reflect on key topics in this less
 
 This section contains helpful links to related content. It isn't required, so consider it supplemental.
 
-- The differences between `var` and `let` are explained in this JavaScript.info article titled the [old "var"](https://javascript.info/var).
 - This [MDN article on what is JavaScript](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/What_is_JavaScript) explains a bit more about it on a high-level.

From 9cbd8507d1b5942e7285b61661fa1664c13e6f96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:33:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 07/31] feat: grammar

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index a6773f8135c..160e7d2c4f3 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ### Introduction
 
-In the previous sections you learnt how to structure webpages with HTML and style them with CSS. The next step is to make the webpage *interactive*, which is exactly what JavaScript is for. 
+In the previous sections you learned how to structure webpages with HTML and style them with CSS. The next step is to make the webpage *interactive*, which is exactly what JavaScript is for. 
 
 In this section, we will focus on the fundamentals of JavaScript and how you can use it to manipulate all the various interactions between the web page and user.
 

From 5e1811d39699236b09e4361b25e2c459b39a6f69 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:40:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 08/31] feat: remove redundant information

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 6 +-----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 160e7d2c4f3..bf52d1bf512 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -24,10 +24,6 @@ This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this l
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 
-All JavaScript we will be writing in the majority of the Foundations course will be run via the browser. Later lessons in Foundations and the NodeJS path will show you how to run JavaScript outside of the browser environment. 
-
-Outside of these lessons, for now you should always default to running your JavaScript in the browser unless otherwise specified, otherwise you may run into unexpected errors.
-
 The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript code inside of it. Use the VS Code snippet <kbd>!</kbd> + <kbd>TAB</kbd> to create the basic HTML skeleton in a file on your computer somewhere:
 
 ```html
@@ -59,7 +55,7 @@ Save and open this file up in a web browser and then open up the browser's conso
 Another way to include JavaScript in a webpage is through an external script. This is very similar to linking external CSS docs to your website.
 
 ```html
-  <script src="javascript.js"></script>
+<script src="javascript.js"></script>
 ```
 
 JavaScript files have the extension `.js` similar to `.css` for stylesheets. External JavaScript files are used for more complex scripts.

From 16dd613d2a5cca98316ec976cc2ea6c5571eacbd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:45:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 09/31] feat: include script tag

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index bf52d1bf512..7bb54a21e87 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this l
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 
-The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript code inside of it. Use the VS Code snippet <kbd>!</kbd> + <kbd>TAB</kbd> to create the basic HTML skeleton in a file on your computer somewhere:
+The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript code inside of it. Use the VS Code snippet <kbd>!</kbd> + <kbd>TAB</kbd> to create the basic HTML skeleton in a file on your computer somewhere. Be sure to include the `<script>` tag:
 
 ```html
 <!DOCTYPE html>

From 4fd87f62f52ac598c081e6147e16b89a32cf165d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:47:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 10/31] feat: move comment to its own paragraph

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 7bb54a21e87..877c85ae792 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -86,11 +86,13 @@ You can also re-assign variables:
 let age = 11;
 console.log(age); // outputs 11 to the console
 
-age = 54; // Notice the lack of "let" - we don't need it since the variable has already been *declared* earlier and we are just re-assigning it here!
+age = 54;
  
 console.log(age); // what will be output now?
 ```
 
+Notice the lack of `let` on line 4 - we don't need it since the variable has already been *declared* earlier and we are just re-assigning it here!
+
 Re-assigning is cool and all, but what if we *don't* want it to happen? For example we might have a *constant* `pi` which will never change. We can accomplish this using the `const` keyword.
 
 ```javascript

From 28da357a515c611b031c5b58f1ac6fbadb43d789 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 15:50:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 11/31] feat: clarify that learners can use the browser console

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 877c85ae792..bf8ac009305 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ If you went to school, you will likely not find the concept too difficult to gra
   
 Try the following exercises (and don't forget to use `console.log()`!):
 
-1. Add 2 numbers together! (just type  `console.log(23 + 97)`   into your HTML file)
+1. Add 2 numbers together! (just type  `console.log(23 + 97)` into your HTML file or the browser console)
 1. Add a sequence of 6 different numbers together.
 1. Print the value of the following expression: `(4 + 6 + 9) / 77`
     - Answer should be approximately `0.24675`

From 056635153b2392dfe0beff5e02f2461e3d06c2e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 16:00:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 12/31] feat: give example of what a variable is

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index bf8ac009305..91cfbdfb3ed 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@ We named our file `javascript.js` but we could have chosen any name like `my-scr
 
 ### Variables
 
+These are the building blocks of any program. As an abstract example, let's consider a program that takes in two numbers and returns the sum of those numbers. 
+
+It could store the first number as a variable, `a` and the second number as another variable `b`. Then it would output their sum - `a + b`.
+
 You can think of variables as "storage containers" for data in your code.
 
 ![Variable Box Illustration](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/TheOdinProject/curriculum/d39eaf2ca95e80705f703bb218216c10508f5047/foundations/javascript_basics/fundamentals-1/imgs/00.png)

From a9a901e54b6c617354dde41935930d9e684a1ef7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 16:03:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 13/31] Update variables_and_operators.md


From 5016e6b89350bc2c17ded77dd7df883c4b854078 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 16:24:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 14/31] feat: remove many items from the lesson overview

---
 .../javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 16 +++-------------
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 91cfbdfb3ed..1ea24bccfcc 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -8,19 +8,9 @@ In this section, we will focus on the fundamentals of JavaScript and how you can
 
 This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this lesson.
 
-- How to declare a variable.
-- The three different ways to declare a variable.
-- Which one to use and when.
-- The rules for naming variables.
-- Discuss what are operators, operands, and operations.
-- Learn about concatenation and what happens when you add numbers and strings together.
-- The different types of operators in JavaScript.
-- The difference between == and ===.
-- Discuss what are operator precedence values.
-- What the increment/decrement operators are.
-- The difference between prefixing and postfixing them.
-- What assignment operators are.
-- What the Unary Plus Operator is.
+- Discuss the different ways you can declare variables.
+- Learn how to write mathematical expressions and the basic arithmetic operators.
+- What is operator precedence and some more advanced operators.
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 

From 348a27fabd8afcbb6ac21a985ace1d106a0297d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 16:34:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 15/31] feat: remove unnecessary asterisks

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 1ea24bccfcc..d8f178ee9cf 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Try the following exercises (and don't forget to use `console.log()`!):
     - If you type `percentage` in the console and press <kbd>Enter</kbd> you should see a value like `0.7719`
 1. Take a few minutes to keep playing around with various things in your script tag.  Eventually, we will learn how to actually make those numbers and things show up on the webpage, but all of this logic will remain the same, so make sure you're comfortable with it before moving on.
 
-** As you might have noticed by running JavaScript code in the console, the console prints the result of the code it executes (called a return statement). You will learn more about these in the next lessons, however for now it is good to remember that a declaration with an assignment (such as `let b = 7 * a`) returns `undefined` and so you cannot declare and assign a value to a variable and read its value in the same line.*
+As you might have noticed by running JavaScript code in the console, the console prints the result of the code it executes (called a return statement). You will learn more about these in the next lessons, however for now it is good to remember that a declaration with an assignment (such as `let b = 7 * a`) returns `undefined` and so you cannot declare and assign a value to a variable and read its value in the same line.
 </div>
 
 ### Knowledge check

From 14ae1683af6bf5b761ed82d66657103737911315 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 16:39:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 16/31] feat: fix lint issues

---
 .../variables_and_operators.md                  | 17 +++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index d8f178ee9cf..3eeea93ca96 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ### Introduction
 
-In the previous sections you learned how to structure webpages with HTML and style them with CSS. The next step is to make the webpage *interactive*, which is exactly what JavaScript is for. 
+In the previous sections you learned how to structure webpages with HTML and style them with CSS. The next step is to make the webpage *interactive*, which is exactly what JavaScript is for.
 
 In this section, we will focus on the fundamentals of JavaScript and how you can use it to manipulate all the various interactions between the web page and user.
 
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ Another way to include JavaScript in a webpage is through an external script. Th
 
 JavaScript files have the extension `.js` similar to `.css` for stylesheets. External JavaScript files are used for more complex scripts.
 
-We named our file `javascript.js` but we could have chosen any name like `my-script.js` or even no name `.js`. What is really important is the `.js` extension. 
+We named our file `javascript.js` but we could have chosen any name like `my-script.js` or even no name `.js`. What is really important is the `.js` extension.
 
 ### Variables
 
-These are the building blocks of any program. As an abstract example, let's consider a program that takes in two numbers and returns the sum of those numbers. 
+These are the building blocks of any program. As an abstract example, let's consider a program that takes in two numbers and returns the sum of those numbers.
 
 It could store the first number as a variable, `a` and the second number as another variable `b`. Then it would output their sum - `a + b`.
 
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ Your intuition may tell you that `3.14` will be output. Try it!
 An error is thrown. It doesn't even reach the `console.log`! You may wonder why we would *want* an error in our code. Truth be told, errors are incredibly helpful at telling us what is wrong with our code and exactly where the issue is. Without them, our code would still not do what we may want it to, but it would be a major pain to try and find what's wrong!
 
 So in summary, there are two ways to declare a variable:
+
 - With `let`, which we can re-assign.
 - Using `const` which we **can't** re-assign and will throw an error if we try.
 
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ There is also a third way - using `var`. It is the old way and should **not** be
 
 Numbers are the building blocks of programming logic!  In fact, it's hard to think of any useful programming task that doesn't involve at least a little basic math... so knowing how numbers work is obviously quite important.  Luckily, it's also fairly straightforward.
 
-If you went to school, you will likely not find the concept too difficult to grasp. For example, the mathematical expression `(3 + 2) - 76 * (1 + 1)` is also valid JavaScript. If you put that into a `console.log`, it'll evaluate the expression and output the correct number. Try it! 
+If you went to school, you will likely not find the concept too difficult to grasp. For example, the mathematical expression `(3 + 2) - 76 * (1 + 1)` is also valid JavaScript. If you put that into a `console.log`, it'll evaluate the expression and output the correct number. Try it!
 
 ### Assignment
 
@@ -145,8 +146,8 @@ As you might have noticed by running JavaScript code in the console, the console
 
 The following questions are an opportunity to reflect on key topics in this lesson. If you can't answer a question, click on it to review the material, but keep in mind you are not expected to memorize or master this knowledge.
 
-- [Name the three ways to declare a variable](#variable-declaration)
-- [Which of the three variable declarations should you avoid and why?](#avoid-var)
+- [Name the three ways to declare a variable](#variables)
+- [Which of the three variable declarations should you avoid and why?](#variables)
 - [What rules should you follow when naming variables?](https://javascript.info/variables#variable-naming)
 - [What happens when you add numbers and strings together?](https://javascript.info/operators#string-concatenation-with-binary)
 - [How does the Modulo (%), or Remainder, operator work?](https://javascript.info/operators#remainder)
@@ -155,8 +156,8 @@ The following questions are an opportunity to reflect on key topics in this less
 - [How do you increment and decrement a number?](https://javascript.info/operators#increment-decrement)
 - [Explain the difference between prefixing and postfixing increment/decrement operators.](https://javascript.info/operators#increment-decrement)
 - [What is operator precedence and how is it handled in JS?](https://javascript.info/operators#operator-precedence)
-- [How do you access developer tools and the console?](#access-devTools-console)
-- [How do you log information to the console?](#console-log)
+- [How do you access developer tools and the console?](#how-to-run-javascript-code)
+- [How do you log information to the console?](#how-to-run-javascript-code)
 - [What does unary plus operator do to string representations of integers? eg. +"10"](https://javascript.info/operators#numeric-conversion-unary)
 
 ### Additional resources

From 6fad41c092d945c790c68e84182dbd3fc2057a22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 16:44:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 17/31] feat: html example to match snippet

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 3eeea93ca96..7394b8dfc6b 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -18,16 +18,19 @@ The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript co
 
 ```html
 <!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
+<html lang="en">
 <head>
   <meta charset="UTF-8">
-  <title>Page Title</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+  <title>Document</title>
 </head>
 <body>
+
   <script>
     // Your JavaScript goes here!
     console.log("Hello, World!")
   </script>
+
 </body>
 </html>
 ```

From 3d5b9d0df8e43710d26cdf24407d48e94ece3b4d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 21:20:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 18/31] feat: remove confusing example

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 7394b8dfc6b..ac5414d6624 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript co
 
 Save and open this file up in a web browser and then open up the browser's console:
 
-1. Right-click on the blank webpage or press <kbd>F12</kbd>.
-1. Click on "Inspect" or "Inspect Element" to open the Developer Tools (redundant if you use the keyboard shortcut).
+1. Right-click on the blank webpage.
+1. Click on "Inspect" or "Inspect Element" to open the Developer Tools.
 1. Find and select the "Console" tab, where you should see the output of our `console.log` statement.
 
 **Tip:** You can use ["Live Server" extension in Visual Studio Code](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ritwickdey.LiveServer) to automatically update the browser when you save your file instead of having to manually refresh the page to see any changes when you edit your code. Try edit the text to say something different!

From 004d16295e75a325c79ab6444cabd7b5f5f6e8e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 23:45:02 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 19/31] feat: restore removed paragraph

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index b26a81cb6ee..189cee3c1af 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this l
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 
+All JavaScript we will be writing in the majority of the Foundations course will be run via the browser. Later lessons in Foundations and the NodeJS path will show you how to run JavaScript outside of the browser environment. 
+
+Outside of these lessons, for now you should always default to running your JavaScript in the browser unless otherwise specified, otherwise you may run into unexpected errors.
+
 The simplest way to get started is to create an HTML file with the JavaScript code inside of it. Use the VS Code snippet <kbd>!</kbd> + <kbd>TAB</kbd> to create the basic HTML skeleton in a file on your computer somewhere. Be sure to include the `<script>` tag:
 
 ```html

From b18b571f6e299abbc7443f7d767992c66ae7bf0a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 23:49:40 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 20/31] feat: remove example with variables

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 6 +-----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 189cee3c1af..43570c6bb98 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -61,11 +61,7 @@ We named our file `javascript.js` but we could have chosen any name like `my-scr
 
 ### Variables
 
-These are the building blocks of any program. As an abstract example, let's consider a program that takes in two numbers and returns the sum of those numbers.
-
-It could store the first number as a variable, `a` and the second number as another variable `b`. Then it would output their sum - `a + b`.
-
-You can think of variables as "storage containers" for data in your code.
+These are the building blocks of any program, you can think of variables as "storage containers" for data in your code.
 
 ![Variable Box Illustration](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/TheOdinProject/curriculum/d39eaf2ca95e80705f703bb218216c10508f5047/foundations/javascript_basics/fundamentals-1/imgs/00.png)
 

From bbdbf997c02ab30ba3423ba9f8ba6f0cc1c068c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 23:51:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 21/31] feat: remove filler words

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 43570c6bb98..76a6ec91ccc 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ An error is thrown. It doesn't even reach the `console.log`! You may wonder why
 
 So in summary, there are two ways to declare a variable:
 
-- With `let`, which we can re-assign.
-- Using `const` which we **can't** re-assign and will throw an error if we try.
+- `let`, which we can re-assign.
+- `const` which we **can't** re-assign and will throw an error if we try.
 
 There is also a third way - using `var`. It is the old way and should **not** be used. However, you will likely come across code which uses `var`, so it is important to know that it exists. Do not worry too much about it for now.
 

From c1522b391282a35c754e07b20274dfbe07373c01 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 23:53:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 22/31] feat: mention that var is similar to let

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 76a6ec91ccc..4a7d866b710 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ So in summary, there are two ways to declare a variable:
 - `let`, which we can re-assign.
 - `const` which we **can't** re-assign and will throw an error if we try.
 
-There is also a third way - using `var`. It is the old way and should **not** be used. However, you will likely come across code which uses `var`, so it is important to know that it exists. Do not worry too much about it for now.
+There is also a third way - using `var`. It's similar to `let`, but it is the old way and should **not** be used. However, you will likely come across code which uses `var`, so it is useful to know that it exists. Do not worry too much about it for now.
 
 ### Numbers
 

From 4efc66ac5ea6cc355bb017d0c2f6430fbbb0aaa2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 23:56:25 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 23/31] feat: add back the resources on javascript arithmetic

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 4a7d866b710..1fdc48aa1a6 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -138,6 +138,12 @@ Try the following exercises (and don't forget to use `console.log()`!):
     - If you type `percentage` in the console and press <kbd>Enter</kbd> you should see a value like `0.7719`
 1. Take a few minutes to keep playing around with various things in your script tag.  Eventually, we will learn how to actually make those numbers and things show up on the webpage, but all of this logic will remain the same, so make sure you're comfortable with it before moving on.
 
+Go through the following articles to deepen your knowledge.
+
+1. This W3Schools lesson on [JavaScript arithmetic](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_arithmetic.asp) followed by this on [JavaScript numbers](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_numbers.asp), are good introductions to what you can accomplish with numbers in JavaScript.
+1. This MDN article on [JavaScript math](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/First_steps/Math) covers the same info from a slightly different point of view, while also teaching you how to apply some basic math in JavaScript. There's much more that you can do with numbers, but this is all you need at the moment.
+1. Read through \(and code along with!\) this article on [JavaScript operators](http://javascript.info/operators).  Don't forget to do the "Tasks" at the bottom of the page!  It will give you a pretty good idea of what you can accomplish with numbers (among other things!) in JavaScript.
+
 <div class="lesson-note lesson-note--tip" markdown="1">
 
 As you might have noticed by running JavaScript code in the console, the console prints the result of the code it executes (called a return statement). You will learn more about these in the next lessons, however for now it is good to remember that a declaration with an assignment (such as `let b = 7 * a`) returns `undefined` and so you cannot declare and assign a value to a variable and read its value in the same line.

From ca2c28a947c9c3e5397e84b56320bc56a011efeb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 00:01:48 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 24/31] feat: improve wording on lesson overview section items

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index 1fdc48aa1a6..e2e3a81ad18 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ In this section, we will focus on the fundamentals of JavaScript and how you can
 
 This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this lesson.
 
-- Discuss the different ways you can declare variables.
-- Learn how to write mathematical expressions and the basic arithmetic operators.
-- What is operator precedence and some more advanced operators.
+- Running JavaScript code using an HTML file and via the browser console.
+- Declaring variables with `let` and `const`.
+- Performing arithmetic with numbers and variables.
+- Operator precedence.
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 

From ba0c1b34e612bdf0e333f8a1cbb2c62fd00cde5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 00:07:42 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 25/31] fix: remove trailing space to appease linter

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index e2e3a81ad18..d47e7f94308 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this l
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 
-All JavaScript we will be writing in the majority of the Foundations course will be run via the browser. Later lessons in Foundations and the NodeJS path will show you how to run JavaScript outside of the browser environment. 
+All JavaScript we will be writing in the majority of the Foundations course will be run via the browser. Later lessons in Foundations and the NodeJS path will show you how to run JavaScript outside of the browser environment.
 
 Outside of these lessons, for now you should always default to running your JavaScript in the browser unless otherwise specified, otherwise you may run into unexpected errors.
 

From b4569928930b7afbd3707e55bcc713753ca856ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Umoru <92310163+davidumoru@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 12:36:08 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 26/31] Installing PostgreSQL: Fix grammar (#28681)

---
 nodeJS/express/installing_postgresql.md                       | 4 ++--
 .../advanced_forms_and_activerecord/installing_psql.md        | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/nodeJS/express/installing_postgresql.md b/nodeJS/express/installing_postgresql.md
index 7c494c2d0a3..7b2f47e2ce8 100644
--- a/nodeJS/express/installing_postgresql.md
+++ b/nodeJS/express/installing_postgresql.md
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ You'll be prompted to enter a password and to verify it. Once you are done, the
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE <role_database_name> TO <role_name>;
 ```
 
-Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should be both the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
+Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both be the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
 
 #### 3.5 Saving access information in the environment
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ You'll be prompted to enter a password and to verify it. Once you are done, the
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE <role_database_name> TO <role_name>;
 ```
 
-Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
+Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both be the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
 
 #### 3.4 Saving access information in the environment
 
diff --git a/ruby_on_rails/advanced_forms_and_activerecord/installing_psql.md b/ruby_on_rails/advanced_forms_and_activerecord/installing_psql.md
index d48e632d6b5..6d54e5d451e 100644
--- a/ruby_on_rails/advanced_forms_and_activerecord/installing_psql.md
+++ b/ruby_on_rails/advanced_forms_and_activerecord/installing_psql.md
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ You'll be prompted to enter a password and to verify it. Once you are done, the
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE <role_database_name> TO <role_name>;
 ```
 
-Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
+Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both be the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
 
 #### 3.5 Saving access information in the environment
 
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ You'll be prompted to enter a password and to verify it. Once you are done, the
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE <role_database_name> TO <role_name>;
 ```
 
-Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
+Remember that you should change the `<role_database_name>` and `<role_name>` (they should both be the same)! If you see `GRANT` in response to the command, then you can type `\q` to exit the prompt.
 
 #### 3.4 Saving access information in the environment
 

From c23b8246d19ce4848aec994475e7a02890b0025e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eddy518 <96941365+Eddy518@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 14:39:03 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 27/31] Ruby Conditionals: Remove broken add. resource (#28678)

---
 ruby/basic_ruby/conditional_logic.md | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/ruby/basic_ruby/conditional_logic.md b/ruby/basic_ruby/conditional_logic.md
index 9242ad0996a..b4412e1d6de 100644
--- a/ruby/basic_ruby/conditional_logic.md
+++ b/ruby/basic_ruby/conditional_logic.md
@@ -343,4 +343,3 @@ This section contains helpful links to related content. It isn't required, so co
 
 - See this [Stack Overflow post for more on the spaceship operator](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/827649/what-is-the-ruby-spaceship-operator).
 - For more depth on flow control, read [Zetcode's Flow Control section](http://zetcode.com/lang/rubytutorial/flowcontrol/).
-- If you want some in-depth practice with these concepts, go through [Learn Ruby the Hard Way](https://learnrubythehardway.org/book/) from Exercise 27 through Exercise 31.

From 7ae0e97397e07a920577cbfda5cb60dd550214a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 14:00:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 28/31] feat: improve lesson overview items content

Co-authored-by: Alex Younger <61510135+fortypercenttitanium@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index d47e7f94308..bcd9cd32358 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ This section contains a general overview of topics that you will learn in this l
 
 - Running JavaScript code using an HTML file and via the browser console.
 - Declaring variables with `let` and `const`.
-- Performing arithmetic with numbers and variables.
-- Operator precedence.
+- Performing number operations
+- Performing string operations
+- Use of logical and mathematical operators
 
 ### How to run JavaScript code
 

From e1e6b6fa41341b85981f7d787cce6480f9ba8544 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nikita Revenco <154856872+nikitarevenco@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 14:05:43 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 29/31] feat: improve wording about var

Co-authored-by: Alex Younger <61510135+fortypercenttitanium@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index bcd9cd32358..d86000081c6 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ So in summary, there are two ways to declare a variable:
 - `let`, which we can re-assign.
 - `const` which we **can't** re-assign and will throw an error if we try.
 
-There is also a third way - using `var`. It's similar to `let`, but it is the old way and should **not** be used. However, you will likely come across code which uses `var`, so it is useful to know that it exists. Do not worry too much about it for now.
+There is also a third way, `var`, which was the original way variables were declared in JavaScript. `var` is similar to `let` in that variables assigned this way can be reassigned, but it has other quirks that were cleared up when the language introduced `let` and `const`. By and large, it is not used anymore. However, you will likely come across code which uses `var` at some point, so it is useful to know that it exists.
 
 ### Numbers
 

From e325e1e1f3a671996ab70a55916d60ee4118b590 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Jo=C3=A3o=20Vitor=20Levorato=20de=20Souza?=
 <j.vitor.jvlds@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 12:47:51 -0300
Subject: [PATCH 30/31] Fix link from Knowledge Check in Variables and
 Operators (#28660)

---
 foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
index d4ba136ba14..8f67df9fb85 100644
--- a/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
+++ b/foundations/javascript_basics/variables_and_operators.md
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ The following questions are an opportunity to reflect on key topics in this less
 - [What rules should you follow when naming variables?](https://javascript.info/variables#variable-naming)
 - [What happens when you add numbers and strings together?](https://javascript.info/operators#string-concatenation-with-binary)
 - [How does the Modulo (%), or Remainder, operator work?](https://javascript.info/operators#remainder)
-- [Explain the difference between `==` and `===`.](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_numbers.asp)
+- [Explain the difference between `==` and `===`.](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_operators.asp)
 - [When would you receive a `NaN` result?](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_numbers.asp)
 - [How do you increment and decrement a number?](https://javascript.info/operators#increment-decrement)
 - [Explain the difference between prefixing and postfixing increment/decrement operators.](https://javascript.info/operators#increment-decrement)

From 569e638cbc11d5b4b7d8e24593ecf92b16c83443 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Darnell <darnjames@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 15:16:24 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 31/31] Prisma: Warn about compatibility with identity columns
 (#28679)

---
 nodeJS/orms/prisma_orm.md | 8 ++++++++
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/nodeJS/orms/prisma_orm.md b/nodeJS/orms/prisma_orm.md
index 493cf3eb92c..61d86eba892 100644
--- a/nodeJS/orms/prisma_orm.md
+++ b/nodeJS/orms/prisma_orm.md
@@ -118,6 +118,14 @@ You might have a complex query that you just are unable to get right via the Pri
 
 Prisma migrate is a tool that helps you perform database migrations. You won't be using it a whole ton in the curriculum, but it's good to be aware of it. When you decide to change the schema in any way, you run a Prisma migration to apply the schema changes to the database. These changes are tracked in a `migrations` folder in your codebase.
 
+<div class="lesson-note lesson-note--warning" markdown="1">
+
+#### Prisma ORM limitations
+
+In the [Using PostgreSQL lesson](https://www.theodinproject.com/lessons/nodejs-using-postgresql), we learned about Identity columns. PostgreSQL recommends the use of Identity columns, as they comply with the SQL standard. Prisma ORM, however, does not support these columns, and will create PostgreSQL specific [Serial Types](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/16/datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL) instead. This most likely will not affect your projects, but it can be important to keep in mind. See this Stackoverflow answer for a short description on the [difference between Serial and Identity](https://stackoverflow.com/a/55300741/1882858).
+
+</div>
+
 ### Assignment
 
 <div class="lesson-content__panel" markdown="1">