diff --git a/clients/tabby-chat-panel/src/index.ts b/clients/tabby-chat-panel/src/index.ts
index 08f419e295f7..4cb7a4c89ac9 100644
--- a/clients/tabby-chat-panel/src/index.ts
+++ b/clients/tabby-chat-panel/src/index.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,10 @@ export type Location = number | LineRange | Position | PositionRange
 
 export interface FileContext {
   kind: 'file'
-  range: LineRange
+  /**
+   * If the range is undefined, it implies that the context is the entire file.
+   */
+  range?: LineRange
   filepath: string
   content: string
   git_url: string
diff --git a/clients/vscode/src/chat/fileContext.ts b/clients/vscode/src/chat/fileContext.ts
index 8cf6dbb50fce..68bd74867b20 100644
--- a/clients/vscode/src/chat/fileContext.ts
+++ b/clients/vscode/src/chat/fileContext.ts
@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@ export async function getFileContext(
         start: editor.selection.start.line + 1,
         end: editor.selection.end.line + 1,
       }
-    : {
-        start: 1,
-        end: editor.document.lineCount,
-      };
+    : undefined;
 
   const filePathParams = await buildFilePathParams(editor.document.uri, gitProvider);
 
@@ -75,8 +72,8 @@ export async function showFileContext(fileContext: FileContext, gitProvider: Git
   });
 
   // Move the cursor to the specified line
-  const start = new Position(Math.max(0, fileContext.range.start - 1), 0);
-  const end = new Position(fileContext.range.end, 0);
+  const start = fileContext.range ? new Position(Math.max(0, fileContext.range.start - 1), 0) : new Position(0, 0);
+  const end = fileContext.range ? new Position(fileContext.range.end, 0) : new Position(0, 0);
   editor.selection = new Selection(start, end);
   editor.revealRange(new Range(start, end), TextEditorRevealType.InCenter);
 }
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/app/files/components/chat-side-bar.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/app/files/components/chat-side-bar.tsx
index f8f673dfae95..674bc25704c6 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/app/files/components/chat-side-bar.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/app/files/components/chat-side-bar.tsx
@@ -122,10 +122,12 @@ export const ChatSideBar: React.FC<ChatSideBarProps> = ({
         selectContext: {
           kind: 'file',
           content: code,
-          range: {
-            start: lineFrom,
-            end: lineTo ?? lineFrom
-          },
+          range: lineFrom
+            ? {
+                start: lineFrom,
+                end: lineTo ?? lineFrom
+              }
+            : undefined,
           filepath: path,
           git_url: gitUrl
         }
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/app/search/components/assistant-message-section.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/app/search/components/assistant-message-section.tsx
index d4af5ab3a092..c9bd57cf54df 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/app/search/components/assistant-message-section.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/app/search/components/assistant-message-section.tsx
@@ -153,14 +153,9 @@ export function AssistantMessageSection({
     if (!clientCode?.length) return []
     return (
       clientCode.map(code => {
-        const { startLine, endLine } = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
-
         return {
           kind: 'file',
-          range: {
-            start: startLine,
-            end: endLine
-          },
+          range: getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code),
           filepath: code.filepath || '',
           content: code.content,
           git_url: relevantCodeGitURL
@@ -172,14 +167,9 @@ export function AssistantMessageSection({
   const serverCodeContexts: RelevantCodeContext[] = useMemo(() => {
     return (
       message?.attachment?.code?.map(code => {
-        const { startLine, endLine } = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
-
         return {
           kind: 'file',
-          range: {
-            start: startLine,
-            end: endLine
-          },
+          range: getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code),
           filepath: code.filepath,
           content: code.content,
           git_url: code.gitUrl,
@@ -217,10 +207,7 @@ export function AssistantMessageSection({
     searchParams.append('redirect_git_url', ctx.git_url)
     url.search = searchParams.toString()
 
-    const lineHash = formatLineHashForCodeBrowser({
-      start: ctx.range.start,
-      end: ctx.range.end
-    })
+    const lineHash = formatLineHashForCodeBrowser(ctx.range)
     if (lineHash) {
       url.hash = lineHash
     }
@@ -239,7 +226,7 @@ export function AssistantMessageSection({
   }
 
   const openCodeBrowserTab = (code: MessageAttachmentCode) => {
-    const { startLine, endLine } = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
+    const range = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
 
     if (!code.filepath) return
     const url = new URL(`${window.location.origin}/files`)
@@ -248,10 +235,7 @@ export function AssistantMessageSection({
     searchParams.append('redirect_git_url', code.gitUrl)
     url.search = searchParams.toString()
 
-    const lineHash = formatLineHashForCodeBrowser({
-      start: startLine,
-      end: endLine
-    })
+    const lineHash = formatLineHashForCodeBrowser(range)
     if (lineHash) {
       url.hash = lineHash
     }
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat-panel.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat-panel.tsx
index 92d5a7746e7e..d3ee3d3a0f0b 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat-panel.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat-panel.tsx
@@ -284,10 +284,11 @@ function ChatPanelRenderer(
                 </motion.div>
               ) : null}
               {relevantContext.map((item, idx) => {
+                // `git_url + filepath + range` as unique key
+                const key = `${item.git_url}_${item.filepath}_${item.range?.start}_${item.range?.end}`
                 return (
                   <motion.div
-                    // `filepath + range` as unique key
-                    key={item.filepath + item.range.start + item.range.end}
+                    key={key}
                     initial={{ opacity: 0, scale: 0.9, y: -5 }}
                     animate={{ opacity: 1, scale: 1, y: 0 }}
                     transition={{
@@ -344,15 +345,16 @@ function ContextLabel({
   className?: string
 }) {
   const [fileName] = context.filepath.split('/').slice(-1)
-  const line =
-    context.range.start === context.range.end
+  const line = context.range
+    ? context.range.start === context.range.end
       ? `:${context.range.start}`
       : `:${context.range.start}-${context.range.end}`
+    : ''
 
   return (
     <span className={cn('truncate', className)}>
       {fileName}
-      <span className="text-muted-foreground">{line}</span>
+      {!!context.range && <span className="text-muted-foreground">{line}</span>}
     </span>
   )
 }
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat.tsx
index 360afcec4bc7..16843cce0d36 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/chat.tsx
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ function ChatRenderer(
       clientSideFileContexts.map(o => ({
         content: o.content,
         filepath: o.filepath,
-        startLine: o.range.start
+        startLine: o.range?.start
       }))
 
     return [
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/code-references.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/code-references.tsx
index b9171f61b18e..f5010290ba6c 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/code-references.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/code-references.tsx
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ function ContextItem({
 }) {
   const [tooltipOpen, setTooltipOpen] = useState(false)
   const isMultiLine =
+    context.range &&
     !isNil(context.range?.start) &&
     !isNil(context.range?.end) &&
     context.range.start < context.range.end
@@ -178,16 +179,20 @@ function ContextItem({
             <IconFile className="shrink-0" />
             <div className="flex-1 truncate" title={context.filepath}>
               <span>{fileName}</span>
-              {context.range?.start && (
-                <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                  :{context.range.start}
-                </span>
-              )}
-              {isMultiLine && (
-                <span className="text-muted-foreground">
-                  -{context.range.end}
-                </span>
-              )}
+              {context.range ? (
+                <>
+                  {context.range?.start && (
+                    <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                      :{context.range.start}
+                    </span>
+                  )}
+                  {isMultiLine && (
+                    <span className="text-muted-foreground">
+                      -{context.range.end}
+                    </span>
+                  )}
+                </>
+              ) : null}
               <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">{path}</span>
             </div>
             {showClientCodeIcon && (
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/question-answer.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/question-answer.tsx
index f9dd02821ae9..ab953f9032f1 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/question-answer.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/components/chat/question-answer.tsx
@@ -124,7 +124,10 @@ function UserMessageCard(props: { message: UserMessage }) {
     selectCode = {
       filepath,
       isMultiLine:
-        !isNil(range?.start) && !isNil(range?.end) && range.start < range.end
+        !!range &&
+        !isNil(range?.start) &&
+        !isNil(range?.end) &&
+        range.start < range.end
     }
   }
   return (
@@ -188,7 +191,7 @@ function UserMessageCard(props: { message: UserMessage }) {
                   <span>:{message.selectContext?.range.start}</span>
                 )}
                 {selectCode.isMultiLine && (
-                  <span>-{message.selectContext?.range.end}</span>
+                  <span>-{message.selectContext?.range?.end}</span>
                 )}
               </p>
             </div>
@@ -269,20 +272,13 @@ function AssistantMessageCard(props: AssistantMessageCardProps) {
     React.useState<number | undefined>(undefined)
   const serverCode: Array<Context> = React.useMemo(() => {
     return (
-      message?.relevant_code?.map(code => {
-        const { startLine, endLine } = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
-
-        return {
-          kind: 'file',
-          range: {
-            start: startLine,
-            end: endLine
-          },
-          filepath: code.filepath,
-          content: code.content,
-          git_url: code.gitUrl
-        }
-      }) ?? []
+      message?.relevant_code?.map(code => ({
+        kind: 'file',
+        range: getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code),
+        filepath: code.filepath,
+        content: code.content,
+        git_url: code.gitUrl
+      })) ?? []
     )
   }, [message?.relevant_code])
 
@@ -298,19 +294,22 @@ function AssistantMessageCard(props: AssistantMessageCardProps) {
 
   const attachmentDocsLen = 0
 
-  const attachmentClientCode: Array<Omit<AttachmentCodeItem, '__typename'>> =
-    useMemo(() => {
-      const formatedAttachmentClientCode =
-        clientCode?.map(o => ({
-          content: o.content,
-          filepath: o.filepath,
-          gitUrl: o.git_url,
-          startLine: o.range.start,
-          language: filename2prism(o.filepath ?? '')[0],
-          isClient: true
-        })) ?? []
-      return formatedAttachmentClientCode
-    }, [clientCode])
+  const attachmentClientCode: Array<
+    Omit<AttachmentCodeItem, '__typename' | 'startLine'> & {
+      startLine: number | undefined
+    }
+  > = useMemo(() => {
+    const formatedAttachmentClientCode =
+      clientCode?.map(o => ({
+        content: o.content,
+        filepath: o.filepath,
+        gitUrl: o.git_url,
+        startLine: o.range ? o.range.start : undefined,
+        language: filename2prism(o.filepath ?? '')[0],
+        isClient: true
+      })) ?? []
+    return formatedAttachmentClientCode
+  }, [clientCode])
 
   const attachmentCode: Array<Omit<AttachmentCodeItem, '__typename'>> =
     useMemo(() => {
@@ -319,7 +318,8 @@ function AssistantMessageCard(props: AssistantMessageCardProps) {
           content: o.content,
           filepath: o.filepath,
           gitUrl: o.git_url,
-          startLine: o.range.start,
+          // for server attachment code, startLine will not be undefined
+          startLine: o.range?.start ?? 1,
           language: filename2prism(o.filepath ?? '')[0],
           isClient: false
         })) ?? []
@@ -335,16 +335,12 @@ function AssistantMessageCard(props: AssistantMessageCardProps) {
   }
 
   const onCodeCitationClick = (code: AttachmentCodeItem) => {
-    const { startLine, endLine } = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
     const ctx: Context = {
       git_url: code.gitUrl,
       content: code.content,
       filepath: code.filepath,
       kind: 'file',
-      range: {
-        start: startLine,
-        end: endLine
-      }
+      range: getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
     }
     onNavigateToContext?.(ctx, {
       openInEditor: code.isClient
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/components/message-markdown/index.tsx b/ee/tabby-ui/components/message-markdown/index.tsx
index 935ed8bed849..9deebe99b0d8 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/components/message-markdown/index.tsx
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/components/message-markdown/index.tsx
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ export function MessageMarkdown({
 
     setSymbolLocationMap(map => new Map(map.set(keyword, undefined)))
     const hints: LookupSymbolHint[] = []
-    if (activeSelection) {
+    if (activeSelection && activeSelection?.range) {
       // FIXME(@icycodes): this is intended to convert the filepath to Filepath type
       // We should remove this after FileContext.filepath use type Filepath instead of string
       let filepath: Filepath
diff --git a/ee/tabby-ui/lib/utils/index.ts b/ee/tabby-ui/lib/utils/index.ts
index 218487694347..aab5b018659b 100644
--- a/ee/tabby-ui/lib/utils/index.ts
+++ b/ee/tabby-ui/lib/utils/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { clsx, type ClassValue } from 'clsx'
 import { compact, isNil } from 'lodash-es'
 import { customAlphabet } from 'nanoid'
+import { LineRange } from 'tabby-chat-panel/index'
 import { twMerge } from 'tailwind-merge'
 
 import { AttachmentCodeItem, AttachmentDocItem } from '@/lib/types'
@@ -110,22 +111,22 @@ export function formatLineHashForCodeBrowser(
 export function getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code: {
   startLine?: Maybe<number>
   content: string
-}) {
-  const startLine = code?.startLine ?? 0
-  const lineCount = code?.content.split('\n').length
-  const endLine = startLine + lineCount - 1
+}): LineRange | undefined {
+  if (!code?.startLine) return undefined
+
+  const start = code.startLine
+  const lineCount = code.content.split('\n').length
+  const end = start + lineCount - 1
 
   return {
-    startLine,
-    endLine,
-    isValid: !!startLine,
-    isMultiLine: !!startLine && startLine <= endLine
+    start,
+    end
   }
 }
 
 export function getRangeTextFromAttachmentCode(code: AttachmentCodeItem) {
-  const { startLine, endLine } = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
-  return formatLineHashForCodeBrowser({ start: startLine, end: endLine })
+  const range = getRangeFromAttachmentCode(code)
+  return formatLineHashForCodeBrowser(range)
 }
 
 export function getContent(item: AttachmentDocItem) {