257. Binary Tree Paths

257. Binary Tree Paths (Easy)

Given a binary tree, return all root-to-leaf paths.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Input:

   1
 /   \
2     3
 \
  5

Output: ["1->2->5", "1->3"]

Explanation: All root-to-leaf paths are: 1->2->5, 1->3

Companies:
Facebook, Amazon

Related Topics:
Tree, Depth-first Search

Solution 1. Preorder Traversal

Since each level we need to copy the path, it multiplies O(H) to both the time and space complexity.

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-paths/
// Author: github.com/lzl124631x
// Time: O(NH)
// Space: O(H^2)
class Solution {
private:
    vector<string> v;
    void preorder(TreeNode *root, string path) {
        path += to_string(root->val);
        if (!root->left && !root->right) {
            v.push_back(path);
            return;
        }
        path += "->";
        if (root->left) preorder(root->left, path);
        if (root->right) preorder(root->right, path);
    }
public:
    vector<string> binaryTreePaths(TreeNode* root) {
        if (!root) return {};
        preorder(root, "");
        return v;
    }
};

Solution 2. Preorder Traversal

Use vector<TreeNode*> to store the path visited and construct the string on leaf node.

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-paths/
// Author: github.com/lzl124631x
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(H)
class Solution {
private:
    vector<TreeNode*> v;
    vector<string> ans;
    string getString() {
        string s = to_string(v[0]->val);
        for (int i = 1; i < v.size(); ++i) {
            s += "->" + to_string(v[i]->val);
        }
        return s;
    }
    void preorder(TreeNode *root) {
        v.push_back(root);
        if (!root->left && !root->right) ans.push_back(getString());
        if (root->left) preorder(root->left);
        if (root->right) preorder(root->right);
        v.pop_back();
    }
public:
    vector<string> binaryTreePaths(TreeNode* root) {
        if (!root) return {};
        preorder(root);
        return ans;
    }
};