Add checks to filter arguments for TrendAnalysis (Issue #377)

[martin-springer]

• Code changes are covered by tests
• Code changes have been evaluated for compatibility/integration with TrendAnalysis
• New functions added to __init__.py
• API.rst is up to date, along with other sphinx docs pages
• Example notebooks are rerun and differences in results scrutinized
• Updated changelog

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 81.39535% with 8 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 95.82%. Comparing base (b3927da) to head (0da2f0f).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
rdtools/analysis_chains.py	81.39%	8 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff               @@
##           development     #436      +/-   ##
===============================================
- Coverage        96.19%   95.82%   -0.38%     
===============================================
  Files               11       11              
  Lines             2209     2250      +41     
===============================================
+ Hits              2125     2156      +31     
- Misses              84       94      +10     

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