diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yaml b/.github/workflows/build.yaml
index 30789538..25c6a268 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yaml
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           workspaces: |
-            "containerd-shim-slight-v1 -> target"
-            "containerd-shim-spin-v1 -> target"
-            "containerd-shim-wws-v1 -> target"
+            "containerd-shim-*-v1 -> target"
       - name: "Install Rust Wasm targets"
         run: |
           make install-rust-targets
@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler -y
       - name: build
         run: |
-          make build
+          VERBOSE=1 make build
       - name: lowercase the runner OS name
         shell: bash
         run: |
@@ -45,9 +43,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: package release assets
         run: |
           mkdir _dist
-          cp containerd-shim-slight-v1/target/${{ matrix.config.arch }}-unknown-linux-musl/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 _dist/
-          cp containerd-shim-spin-v1/target/${{ matrix.config.arch }}-unknown-linux-musl/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 _dist/
-          cp containerd-shim-wws-v1/target/${{ matrix.config.arch }}-unknown-linux-musl/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 _dist/
+          for shim in slight spin wws; do
+            cp containerd-shim-$shim-v1/target/${{ matrix.config.arch }}-unknown-linux-musl/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 _dist/
+          done
           cd _dist
           tar czf containerd-wasm-shims-v1-${{ env.RUNNER_OS }}-${{ matrix.config.arch }}.tar.gz containerd-shim-*-v1
       - name: upload shim artifacts
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
index 03e1a53f..ecdafc5e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           workspaces: |
-            "containerd-shim-slight-v1 -> target"
-            "containerd-shim-spin-v1 -> target"
-            "containerd-shim-wws-v1 -> target"
+            "containerd-shim-*-v1 -> target"
       - name: "Install Rust Wasm targets"
         run: |
           make install-rust-targets
@@ -36,9 +34,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           workspaces: |
-            "containerd-shim-slight-v1 -> target"
-            "containerd-shim-spin-v1 -> target"
-            "containerd-shim-wws-v1 -> target"
+            "containerd-shim-*-v1 -> target"
       - name: "Install Rust Wasm targets"
         run: |
           make install-rust-targets
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docker-build-push.yaml b/.github/workflows/docker-build-push.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..17d332a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker-build-push.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+name: 'Build and push Docker images'
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      images:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      platforms:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+    secrets:
+      GITHUB_TOKEN:
+        required: true
+jobs:
+  build_and_push:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        image: ${{fromJson(github.event.inputs.images)}}
+    steps:
+    - name: build and push
+      uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
+      with:
+        push: true
+        tags: |
+          ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/${{ matrix.image.imageName }}:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
+          ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/${{ matrix.image.imageName }}:latest
+        context: ${{ matrix.image.context }}
+        platforms: ${{ github.event.inputs.platforms }}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yaml b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
index 20b069b5..37872dd4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
@@ -53,41 +53,16 @@ jobs:
           registry: ghcr.io
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
           password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: build and push Spin hello world
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/spin-rust-hello:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/spin-rust-hello:latest
-          context: images/spin
-          platforms: wasi/wasm
-      - name: build and push Spin DotNet
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/spin-dotnet-hello:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/spin-dotnet-hello:latest
-          context: images/spin_dotnet
-          platforms: wasi/wasm
-      - name: build and push Slight hello world
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
+      - name: Build and push images
+        uses: ./.github/workflows/build_and_push.yaml
         with:
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/slight-rust-hello:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/slight-rust-hello:latest
-          context: images/slight
-          platforms: wasi/wasm
-      - name: build and push Wasm Workers Server (wws) hello world (JS)
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/wws-js-hello:${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}
-            ghcr.io/deislabs/containerd-wasm-shims/examples/wws-js-hello:latest
-          context: images/wws
+          images: |
+            [{"imageName": "examples/spin-rust-hello", "context": "images/spin"},
+            {"imageName": "examples/spin-dotnet-hello", "context": "images/spin_dotnet"},
+            {"imageName": "examples/slight-rust-hello", "context": "images/slight"},
+            {"imageName": "examples/wws-js-hello", "context": "images/wws"},
+            {"imageName": "examples/spin-inbound-redis", "context": "images/spin-inbound-redis"},
+            {"imageName": "examples/spin-outbound-redis", "context": "images/spin-outbound-redis"}]
           platforms: wasi/wasm
       - name: untar x86_64 musl artifacts into ./deployments/k3d/.tmp dir
         run: |
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c69aa459..556d3343 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,21 +1,27 @@
+SHIMS := slight spin wws
+BUILD_TARGETS = $(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),build-$(shim)-cross-$(TARGET))
+
 PREFIX ?= /usr/local
 INSTALL ?= install
-TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN ?= wasmtest_spin:latest
-TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT ?= wasmtest_slight:latest
-TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS ?= wasmtest_wws:latest
+TEST_IMG_NAME_spin ?= wasmtest_spin:latest
+TEST_IMG_NAME_slight ?= wasmtest_slight:latest
+TEST_IMG_NAME_wws ?= wasmtest_wws:latest
 ARCH ?= x86_64
 TARGET ?= $(ARCH)-unknown-linux-musl
 PYTHON ?= python3
 CONTAINERD_NAMESPACE ?= default
+ifeq ($(VERBOSE),)
+VERBOSE_FLAG :=
+else
+VERBOSE_FLAG := -vvv
+endif
 
 .PHONY: test
 test: unit-tests integration-tests
 
 .PHONY: unit-tests
 unit-tests: build
-	cross test --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-slight-v1/Cargo.toml --target $(TARGET)
-	cross test --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-spin-v1/Cargo.toml --target $(TARGET)
-	cross test --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-wws-v1/Cargo.toml --target $(TARGET)
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),cross test --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-$(shim)-v1/Cargo.toml --target $(TARGET);)
 
 .PHONY: integration-tests
 integration-tests: build
@@ -25,15 +31,11 @@ integration-tests: build
 
 .PHONY: fmt
 fmt:
-	cargo fmt --all --manifest-path=containerd-shim-slight-v1/Cargo.toml -- --check
-	cargo fmt --all --manifest-path=containerd-shim-spin-v1/Cargo.toml -- --check
-	cargo fmt --all --manifest-path=containerd-shim-wws-v1/Cargo.toml -- --check
-	cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features --workspace --manifest-path=containerd-shim-slight-v1/Cargo.toml -- -D warnings
-	cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features --workspace --manifest-path=containerd-shim-spin-v1/Cargo.toml -- -D warnings
-	cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features --workspace --manifest-path=containerd-shim-wws-v1/Cargo.toml -- -D warnings
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),cargo fmt --all --manifest-path=containerd-shim-$(shim)-v1/Cargo.toml -- --check;)
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features --workspace --manifest-path=containerd-shim-$(shim)-v1/Cargo.toml -- -D warnings;)
 
 .PHONY: build
-build: build-spin-cross-$(TARGET) build-slight-cross-$(TARGET) build-wws-cross-$(TARGET)
+build: $(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),build-$(shim)-cross-$(TARGET))
 	echo "Build complete"
 
 .PHONY: install-cross
@@ -45,85 +47,40 @@ install-rust-targets:
 	rustup target add wasm32-wasi && rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
 
 # build-cross can be be used to build any cross supported target (make build-cross-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl)
-.PHONY: build-spin-cross-%
-build-spin-cross-%: install-cross
-	cross build --release --target $* --manifest-path=containerd-shim-spin-v1/Cargo.toml -vvv
-
-.PHONY: build-slight-cross-%
-build-slight-cross-%: install-cross
-	cross build --release --target $* --manifest-path=containerd-shim-slight-v1/Cargo.toml -vvv
-
-.PHONY: build-wws-cross-%
-build-wws-cross-%: install-cross
-	cross build --release --target $* --manifest-path=containerd-shim-wws-v1/Cargo.toml -vvv
-
-.PHONY: build-spin
-build-spin: install-rust-targets
-	cargo build --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-spin-v1/Cargo.toml
+.PHONY: $(BUILD_TARGETS)
+$(BUILD_TARGETS): SHIM = $(word 2,$(subst -, ,$@))
+$(BUILD_TARGETS): install-cross
+	cross build --release --target $(TARGET) --manifest-path=containerd-shim-$(SHIM)-v1/Cargo.toml $(VERBOSE_FLAG)
 
-.PHONY: build-slight
-build-slight: install-rust-targets
-	cargo build --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-slight-v1/Cargo.toml
-
-.PHONY: build-wws
-build-wss:
-	cargo build --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-wws-v1/Cargo.toml
+.PHONY: build-%
+build-%: install-rust-targets
+	cargo build --release --manifest-path=containerd-shim-$*-v1/Cargo.toml
 
 .PHONY: install
-install: build-spin build-slight build-wws
+install: $(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),build-$(shim))
 	sudo $(INSTALL) containerd-shim-*/target/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 $(PREFIX)/bin
 
 .PHONY: update-deps
 update-deps:
 	cargo update
 
-test/out_spin/img.tar: images/spin/Dockerfile
+test/out_%/img.tar: images/%/Dockerfile
 	mkdir -p $(@D)
-	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN) ./images/spin
-	docker save -o $@ $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN)
+	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_$*) ./images/$*
+	docker save -o $@ $(TEST_IMG_NAME_$*)
 
-test/out_slight/img.tar: images/slight/Dockerfile
-	mkdir -p $(@D)
-	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT) ./images/slight
-	docker save -o $@ $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT)
+load: $(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),test/out_$(shim)/img.tar)
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),sudo ctr -n $(CONTAINERD_NAMESPACE) image import test/out_$(shim)/img.tar;)
 
-test/out_wws/img.tar: images/wws/Dockerfile
-	mkdir -p $(@D)
-	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS) ./images/wws
-	docker save -o $@ $(TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS)
-
-load: test/out_spin/img.tar test/out_slight/img.tar test/out_wws/img.tar
-	sudo ctr -n $(CONTAINERD_NAMESPACE) image import test/out_spin/img.tar
-	sudo ctr -n $(CONTAINERD_NAMESPACE) image import test/out_slight/img.tar
-	sudo ctr -n $(CONTAINERD_NAMESPACE) image import test/out_wws/img.tar
-
-.PHONY: run_spin
-run_spin: install load
-	sudo ctr run --net-host --rm --runtime=io.containerd.spin.v1 docker.io/library/$(TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN) testspin
-
-.PHONY: run_slight
-run_slight: install load
-	sudo ctr run --net-host --rm --runtime=io.containerd.slight.v1 docker.io/library/$(TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT) testslight
-
-.PHONY: run_wws
-run_wws: install load
-	sudo ctr run --net-host --rm --runtime=io.containerd.wws.v1 docker.io/library/$(TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS) testwws
+.PHONY: run_%
+run_%: install load
+	sudo ctr run --net-host --rm --runtime=io.containerd.$*.v1 docker.io/library/$(TEST_IMG_NAME_$*) test$*
 
 .PHONY: clean
-clean: clean-slight clean-spin clean-wws
-	test -f $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-spin-v1 && sudo rm -rf $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-spin-v1 || true
-	test -f  $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-slight-v1 && sudo rm -rf $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-slight-v1 || true
-	test -f  $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-wws-v1 && sudo rm -rf $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-wws-v1 || true
+clean: $(addprefix clean-,$(SHIMS))
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),test -f $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-$(shim)-v1 && sudo rm -rf $(PREFIX)/bin/containerd-shim-$(proj)-v1 || true;)
 	test -d ./test && sudo rm -rf ./test || true
 
-.PHONY: clean-spin
-clean-spin:
-	cargo clean --manifest-path containerd-shim-spin-v1/Cargo.toml
-
-.PHONY: clean-slight
-clean-slight:
-	cargo clean --manifest-path containerd-shim-slight-v1/Cargo.toml
-
-.PHONY: clean-wws
-clean-wss:
-	cargo clean --manifest-path containerd-shim-wws-v1/Cargo.toml
\ No newline at end of file
+.PHONY: clean-%
+clean-%:
+	cargo clean --manifest-path containerd-shim-$*-v1/Cargo.toml
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/deployments/k3d/Makefile b/deployments/k3d/Makefile
index c77616fb..9c2308cc 100644
--- a/deployments/k3d/Makefile
+++ b/deployments/k3d/Makefile
@@ -1,26 +1,21 @@
+SHIMS = spin slight wws
+
 IMAGE_NAME ?= k3swithshims
 CLUSTER_NAME ?= k3s-default
 PLATFORM ?= linux/amd64
 ARCH ?= x86_64
 TARGET ?= $(ARCH)-unknown-linux-musl
-TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN ?= wasmtest_spin:latest
-TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT ?= wasmtest_slight:latest
-TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS ?= wasmtest_wws:latest
-
-compile-musl-spin:
-	make build-spin-cross-$(TARGET) -C ../..
+TEST_IMG_NAME_spin ?= wasmtest_spin:latest
+TEST_IMG_NAME_slight ?= wasmtest_slight:latest
+TEST_IMG_NAME_wws ?= wasmtest_wws:latest
 
-compile-musl-slight:
-	make build-slight-cross-$(TARGET) -C ../..
+compile-musl-%:
+	make build-$*-cross-$(TARGET) -C ../..
 
-compile-musl-wws:
-	make build-wws-cross-$(TARGET) -C ../..
-
-move-musl-to-tmp: compile-musl-spin compile-musl-slight compile-musl-wws
+move-musl-to-tmp: $(addprefix compile-musl-,$(SHIMS))
 	mkdir -p ./.tmp
-	cp ../../containerd-shim-slight-v1/target/$(TARGET)/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 ./.tmp/
-	cp ../../containerd-shim-spin-v1/target/$(TARGET)/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 ./.tmp/
-	cp ../../containerd-shim-wws-v1/target/$(TARGET)/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 ./.tmp/
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),cp ../../containerd-shim-$(shim)-v1/target/$(TARGET)/release/containerd-shim-*-v1 ./.tmp/;)
+
 
 build-multi-k3d-image: move-musl-to-tmp
 	docker buildx build -t $(IMAGE_NAME) --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 .
@@ -32,23 +27,17 @@ create-k3d: build-dev-k3d-image
 	k3d cluster create $(CLUSTER_NAME) --image $(IMAGE_NAME) --api-port 6550 -p "8081:80@loadbalancer" --agents 1
 
 build-workload-images:
-	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN) ../../images/spin
-	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT) ../../images/slight
-	docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS) ../../images/wws
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),docker buildx build --platform=wasi/wasm --load -t $(TEST_IMG_NAME_$(shim)) ../../images/$(shim);)
 
 load-workload-images: build-workload-images
-	k3d image load $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SPIN)
-	k3d image load $(TEST_IMG_NAME_SLIGHT)
-	k3d image load $(TEST_IMG_NAME_WWS)
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),k3d image load $(TEST_IMG_NAME_$(shim));)
 
 up: create-k3d load-workload-images
 	kubectl label nodes k3d-k3s-default-agent-0 spin-enabled=true slight-enabled=true wws-enabled=true
 	kubectl apply -f ./workload
 
 test:
-	curl localhost:8081/spin/hello
-	curl localhost:8081/slight/hello
-	curl localhost:8081/wws/hello
+	$(foreach shim,$(SHIMS),curl localhost:8081/$(shim)/hello;)
 
 integration: move-musl-to-tmp
 	cd ../.. && cargo test -- --nocapture