diff --git a/.pyproject_hip.toml b/.pyproject_hip.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..817792c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.pyproject_hip.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+[build-system]
+build-backend = 'setuptools.build_meta'
+requires = [
+    'setuptools>=61.0',
+    'setuptools_scm>=6.4',
+    'Cython>=3.0',
+    'extension-helpers>=1.1',
+    'numpy>=2.0',
+]
+
+[project]
+name = 'Triumvirate-CUDA'
+description = "Three-point clustering measurements in large-scale structure analyses."
+authors = [
+    {name = 'Mike S Wang'},
+    {name = 'Naonori S Sugiyama'},
+]
+maintainers = [
+    {name = 'Mike S Wang', email = "32841762+MikeSWang@users.noreply.github.com"},
+]
+license = {file = "LICENCE"}
+classifiers = [
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 (GPLv3)",
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)",
+    "Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux",
+    "Environment :: GPU",
+    "Programming Language :: C++",
+    "Programming Language :: Cython",
+    "Programming Language :: Python",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
+    "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Astronomy",
+    "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Information Analysis",
+    "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Physics",
+    "Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
+    "Intended Audience :: Education",
+]
+dynamic = [
+  'version',
+  'readme',
+]
+requires-python = '>=3.10'
+dependencies = [
+    'numpy>=1.23',
+    'scipy>=1.13',
+    'sympy>=1.12.1',
+    'astropy>=4.2',
+    'pyyaml>=5.1',
+    'tqdm',
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+mpi = ['mpi4py>=3.1.5']
+nbk = ['nbodykit']
+
+[project.urls]
+# Home = "https://mikeswang.github.io/Triumvirate"
+Documentation = "https://triumvirate.readthedocs.io/"
+Source = "https://github.com/MikeSWang/Triumvirate"
+Changelog = "https://github.com/MikeSWang/Triumvirate/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
+
+# [tool.setuptools]
+# include-package-data = true
+
+[tool.setuptools.dynamic]
+# version = {attr = 'triumvirate.__version__'}
+readme = {file = "README.rst"}
+
+# [tool.setuptools.packages.find]
+# where = ['src']
+# namespaces = true
+
+[tool.setuptools.package-data]
+'triumvirate' = ["*.pxd", "*.pyx"]
+'triumvirate.include' = ["*.hpp"]
+'triumvirate.src' = ["*.cpp"]
+'triumvirate.resources' = ["*.ini", "*.yml"]
+
+[tool.setuptools_scm]
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+minversion = '7.0'
+addopts = "--full-trace --verbose --capture=no --runslow"
+testpaths = [
+    "tests",
+]
+
+[tool.cibuildwheel]
+build-frontend = 'build'
+skip = [
+    'cp313-*',
+    'pp*',
+    '*-win32',
+    '*-manylinux_i686',
+    '*-musllinux*',
+    '*_ppc64le',
+    '*_s390x',
+]
+environment = { PY_OMP='1', PY_CUDA='1', PY_BUILD_PARALLEL='-j' }
+# test-requires = "pytest>=7.0"
+# test-command = "pytest {project}/tests"
+
+manylinux-x86_64-image = 'manylinux_2_28'
+manylinux-aarch64-image = 'manylinux_2_28'
+
+# TODO: Modify the following for HIP.
+[tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
+before-all = [
+    "yum install -y gsl-devel",
+# Install CUDA Toolkit inside Docker container using package manager,
+# matching repository with image OS, and optionally matching CUDA version
+# for Pip/Conda consistency.
+    "yum install -y yum-utils",
+    "yum-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/rhel9/x86_64/cuda-rhel9.repo",
+    "yum install -y cuda-toolkit",
+    # "yum install -y cuda-toolkit-12-6",
+]
+environment = { PY_CXX="/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc", PY_CXXFLAGS="-I/usr/local/cuda/include", PY_LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/cuda/lib64", PY_OMP='1', PY_CUDA='1', PY_BUILD_PARALLEL='-j' }
+
+[tool.autopep8]
+in-place = true
+recursive = true
+aggressive = 3
+max_line_length = 79
+ignore = "E226,"
+
+[tool.numpydoc_validation]
+checks = [
+    'all',
+    'ES01',
+    'EX01',
+    'GL01',
+    'GL02',
+    'GL03',
+    'GL06',
+    'RT02',
+    'SA01',
+    'SS06',
+]
+exclude = [
+    'test_.*',
+    '\.__init__$',
+    '\.__repr__$',
+    '\.__str__$',
+    '\.__hash__$',
+    '\.__len__$',
+    '\.__eq__$',
+    '\.__le__$',
+    '\.__lt__$',
+    '\.__gt__$',
+    '\.__ge__$',
+    '\.__getitem__$',
+]
+
+# [tool.docformatter]
+# recursive = true
+# wrap-summaries = 72
+# wrap-descriptions = 72
+# blank = true
+# close-quotes-on-newline = true
+
+[tool.codespell]
+skip = "publication/joss/paper.bib,"
+ignore-words-list = "ERRO,"
+count = true
+quiet-level = 3
+
+[tool.ruff]
+target-version = 'py310'
+line-length = 79
+exclude = [
+    ".eggs",
+    ".git",
+    ".git-rewrite",
+    ".ipynb_checkpoints",
+    ".nox",
+    ".pyenv",
+    ".pytest_cache",
+    ".ruff_cache",
+    ".tox",
+    ".venv",
+    ".vscode",
+    "__pypackages__",
+    "build",
+    "dist",
+    "node_modules",
+    "site-packages",
+    "venv",
+]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+fixable = ['ALL']
+unfixable = []
+
+# [tool.ruff.format]
+# quote-style = 'preserve'
+# indent-style = 'space'
+# line-ending = 'auto'
+# skip-magic-trailing-comma = true
+# docstring-code-format = false
+# docstring-code-line-length = 'dynamic'
+
+[tool.semantic_release]
+commit_parser = 'commit_parser:TRVCommitParser'
+commit_message = "REL: Bump version to {version}"
+tag_format = 'v{version}'
+allow_zero_version = true
+major_on_zero = false
+no_git_verify = false
+logging_use_named_masks = false
+version_variables = [
+    "src/triumvirate/__init__.py:__version__",
+]
+
+[tool.semantic_release.branches.main]
+match = 'main'
+prerelease = false
+
+[tool.semantic_release.changelog]
+template_dir = "deploy/pkg/tmpl"
+exclude_commit_patterns = ['\[dependabot\]', '\[pre-commit.ci\]',]
+
+[tool.semantic_release.changelog.environment]
+block_start_string = '{%'
+block_end_string = '%}'
+variable_start_string = '{{'
+variable_end_string = '}}'
+comment_start_string = '{#'
+comment_end_string = '#}'
+newline_sequence = "\n"
+autoescape = true
+trim_blocks = false
+lstrip_blocks = false
+keep_trailing_newline = false
+
+[tool.semantic_release.commit_author]
+env = 'GIT_COMMIT_AUTHOR'
+default = "semantic-release <semantic-release>"
diff --git a/.pyproject_hipcuda.toml b/.pyproject_hipcuda.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6c703f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.pyproject_hipcuda.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+[build-system]
+build-backend = 'setuptools.build_meta'
+requires = [
+    'setuptools>=61.0',
+    'setuptools_scm>=6.4',
+    'Cython>=3.0',
+    'extension-helpers>=1.1',
+    'numpy>=2.0',
+]
+
+[project]
+name = 'Triumvirate-CUDA'
+description = "Three-point clustering measurements in large-scale structure analyses."
+authors = [
+    {name = 'Mike S Wang'},
+    {name = 'Naonori S Sugiyama'},
+]
+maintainers = [
+    {name = 'Mike S Wang', email = "32841762+MikeSWang@users.noreply.github.com"},
+]
+license = {file = "LICENCE"}
+classifiers = [
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 (GPLv3)",
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)",
+    "Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux",
+    "Environment :: GPU",
+    "Environment :: GPU :: NVIDIA CUDA",
+    "Programming Language :: C++",
+    "Programming Language :: Cython",
+    "Programming Language :: Python",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
+    "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Astronomy",
+    "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Information Analysis",
+    "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Physics",
+    "Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
+    "Intended Audience :: Education",
+]
+dynamic = [
+  'version',
+  'readme',
+]
+requires-python = '>=3.10'
+dependencies = [
+    'numpy>=1.23',
+    'scipy>=1.13',
+    'sympy>=1.12.1',
+    'astropy>=4.2',
+    'pyyaml>=5.1',
+    'tqdm',
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+mpi = ['mpi4py>=3.1.5']
+nbk = ['nbodykit']
+
+[project.urls]
+# Home = "https://mikeswang.github.io/Triumvirate"
+Documentation = "https://triumvirate.readthedocs.io/"
+Source = "https://github.com/MikeSWang/Triumvirate"
+Changelog = "https://github.com/MikeSWang/Triumvirate/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
+
+# [tool.setuptools]
+# include-package-data = true
+
+[tool.setuptools.dynamic]
+# version = {attr = 'triumvirate.__version__'}
+readme = {file = "README.rst"}
+
+# [tool.setuptools.packages.find]
+# where = ['src']
+# namespaces = true
+
+[tool.setuptools.package-data]
+'triumvirate' = ["*.pxd", "*.pyx"]
+'triumvirate.include' = ["*.hpp"]
+'triumvirate.src' = ["*.cpp"]
+'triumvirate.resources' = ["*.ini", "*.yml"]
+
+[tool.setuptools_scm]
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+minversion = '7.0'
+addopts = "--full-trace --verbose --capture=no --runslow"
+testpaths = [
+    "tests",
+]
+
+[tool.cibuildwheel]
+build-frontend = 'build'
+skip = [
+    'cp313-*',
+    'pp*',
+    '*-win32',
+    '*-manylinux_i686',
+    '*-musllinux*',
+    '*_ppc64le',
+    '*_s390x',
+]
+environment = { PY_OMP='1', PY_CUDA='1', PY_BUILD_PARALLEL='-j' }
+# test-requires = "pytest>=7.0"
+# test-command = "pytest {project}/tests"
+
+manylinux-x86_64-image = 'manylinux_2_28'
+manylinux-aarch64-image = 'manylinux_2_28'
+
+# TODO: Modify the following for hybrid CUDA/HIP.
+[tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
+before-all = [
+    "yum install -y gsl-devel",
+# Install CUDA Toolkit inside Docker container using package manager,
+# matching repository with image OS, and optionally matching CUDA version
+# for Pip/Conda consistency.
+    "yum install -y yum-utils",
+    "yum-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/rhel9/x86_64/cuda-rhel9.repo",
+    "yum install -y cuda-toolkit",
+    # "yum install -y cuda-toolkit-12-6",
+]
+environment = { PY_CXX="/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc", PY_CXXFLAGS="-I/usr/local/cuda/include", PY_LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/cuda/lib64", PY_OMP='1', PY_CUDA='1', PY_BUILD_PARALLEL='-j' }
+
+[tool.autopep8]
+in-place = true
+recursive = true
+aggressive = 3
+max_line_length = 79
+ignore = "E226,"
+
+[tool.numpydoc_validation]
+checks = [
+    'all',
+    'ES01',
+    'EX01',
+    'GL01',
+    'GL02',
+    'GL03',
+    'GL06',
+    'RT02',
+    'SA01',
+    'SS06',
+]
+exclude = [
+    'test_.*',
+    '\.__init__$',
+    '\.__repr__$',
+    '\.__str__$',
+    '\.__hash__$',
+    '\.__len__$',
+    '\.__eq__$',
+    '\.__le__$',
+    '\.__lt__$',
+    '\.__gt__$',
+    '\.__ge__$',
+    '\.__getitem__$',
+]
+
+# [tool.docformatter]
+# recursive = true
+# wrap-summaries = 72
+# wrap-descriptions = 72
+# blank = true
+# close-quotes-on-newline = true
+
+[tool.codespell]
+skip = "publication/joss/paper.bib,"
+ignore-words-list = "ERRO,"
+count = true
+quiet-level = 3
+
+[tool.ruff]
+target-version = 'py310'
+line-length = 79
+exclude = [
+    ".eggs",
+    ".git",
+    ".git-rewrite",
+    ".ipynb_checkpoints",
+    ".nox",
+    ".pyenv",
+    ".pytest_cache",
+    ".ruff_cache",
+    ".tox",
+    ".venv",
+    ".vscode",
+    "__pypackages__",
+    "build",
+    "dist",
+    "node_modules",
+    "site-packages",
+    "venv",
+]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+fixable = ['ALL']
+unfixable = []
+
+# [tool.ruff.format]
+# quote-style = 'preserve'
+# indent-style = 'space'
+# line-ending = 'auto'
+# skip-magic-trailing-comma = true
+# docstring-code-format = false
+# docstring-code-line-length = 'dynamic'
+
+[tool.semantic_release]
+commit_parser = 'commit_parser:TRVCommitParser'
+commit_message = "REL: Bump version to {version}"
+tag_format = 'v{version}'
+allow_zero_version = true
+major_on_zero = false
+no_git_verify = false
+logging_use_named_masks = false
+version_variables = [
+    "src/triumvirate/__init__.py:__version__",
+]
+
+[tool.semantic_release.branches.main]
+match = 'main'
+prerelease = false
+
+[tool.semantic_release.changelog]
+template_dir = "deploy/pkg/tmpl"
+exclude_commit_patterns = ['\[dependabot\]', '\[pre-commit.ci\]',]
+
+[tool.semantic_release.changelog.environment]
+block_start_string = '{%'
+block_end_string = '%}'
+variable_start_string = '{{'
+variable_end_string = '}}'
+comment_start_string = '{#'
+comment_end_string = '#}'
+newline_sequence = "\n"
+autoescape = true
+trim_blocks = false
+lstrip_blocks = false
+keep_trailing_newline = false
+
+[tool.semantic_release.commit_author]
+env = 'GIT_COMMIT_AUTHOR'
+default = "semantic-release <semantic-release>"
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 4e3447e2..4df4d4a2 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -79,13 +79,32 @@ MAKEFLAGS_JOBS = $(shell echo "${MAKEFLAGS} " | grep -Eo ${PATTERN_JOBS})
 ifdef usecuda
 ifeq ($(strip ${usecuda}), $(filter $(strip ${usecuda}), true 1))
 usecuda := true
-PKGNAME := ${PKGNAME}-CUDA
-LIBNAME := ${LIBNAME}_cuda
+	PKGNAME := ${PKGNAME}-CUDA
+	PROGNAME := ${PROGNAME}_cuda
+	LIBNAME := ${LIBNAME}_cuda
 else   # usecuda != (true|1)
 unexport usecuda
 endif  # usecuda == (true|1)
 endif  # usecuda
 
+# HIP: enabled with ``usehip=(true|1)``; disabled otherwise
+ifdef usehip
+ifeq ($(strip ${usehip}), $(filter $(strip ${usehip}), true 1))
+usehip := true
+	ifndef usecuda
+	PKGNAME := ${PKGNAME}-HIP
+	PROGNAME := ${PROGNAME}_hip
+	LIBNAME := ${LIBNAME}_hip
+	else   # usecuda
+	PKGNAME := ${PKGNAME}-HIPCUDA
+	PROGNAME := ${PROGNAME}_hipcuda
+	LIBNAME := ${LIBNAME}_hipcuda
+	endif  # !usecuda
+else   # usehip != (true|1)
+unexport usehip
+endif  # usehip == (true|1)
+endif  # usehip
+
 # OpenMP: enabled with ``useomp=(true|1)``; disabled otherwise
 ifdef useomp
 ifeq ($(strip ${useomp}), $(filter $(strip ${useomp}), true 1))
@@ -137,18 +156,23 @@ OS := $(shell uname -s)
 # Assume explicitly GCC compiler by default. [adapt]
 ifeq (${OS}, Linux)
 
-## If using CUDA, use CUDA compiler.
-	ifndef usecuda
+## If using CUDA/HIP, use CUDA/HIP compiler.
+	ifdef usehip
+	CXX ?= hipcc
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
+	CXX ?= nvcc
+	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
 	CXX ?= g++
-	else   # usecuda
-	CXX := nvcc
-	endif  # !usecuda
+	endif               # usehip
 
 else ifeq (${OS}, Darwin)
 
 	ifdef usecuda
 	$(error "CUDA is not supported on macOS.")
 	endif  # usecuda
+	ifdef usehip
+	$(error "HIP is not supported on macOS.")
+	endif  # usehip
 
 ## Use GCC compiler from Homebrew (brew formula 'gcc').
 ## The compiler binary may have suffix '-<version>';
@@ -160,12 +184,14 @@ else ifeq (${OS}, Darwin)
 
 else  # OS
 
-# If using CUDA, use CUDA compiler.
-	ifndef usecuda
+## If using CUDA/HIP, use CUDA/HIP compiler.
+	ifdef usehip
+	CXX ?= hipcc
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
+	CXX ?= nvcc
+	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
 	CXX ?= g++
-	else   # usecuda
-	CXX := nvcc
-	endif  # !usecuda
+	endif               # usehip
 
 endif  # OS
 
@@ -179,12 +205,14 @@ RM ?= rm -f
 
 # -- Dependencies --------------------------------------------------------
 
-# If using CUDA FFT, remove standard FFTW dependency.
-ifndef usecuda
-DEPS := gsl fftw3
-else   # usecuda
+# If using cuFFT/hipFFT, remove standard FFTW dependency.
+ifdef usehip
+DEPS := gsl
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 DEPS := gsl
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+DEPS := gsl fftw3
+endif               # usehip
 
 # Dependencies are searched for by `pkg-config`.  Ensure the set-up of
 # `pkg-config` matches that of the dependencies (e.g. both are installed
@@ -194,10 +222,12 @@ DEP_CXXFLAGS := $(shell pkg-config --silence-errors --cflags-only-other ${DEPS})
 DEP_LDFLAGS := $(shell pkg-config --silence-errors --libs-only-other --libs-only-L ${DEPS})
 DEP_LDLIBS := $(shell pkg-config --silence-errors --libs-only-l ${DEPS})
 
-# If using CUDA FFT, add its dependencies.
-ifdef usecuda
+# If using cuFFT/hipFFT, add its dependencies.
+ifdef usehip
+DEP_LDLIBS += -lhipfft
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 DEP_LDLIBS += -lcufft -lcufftw
-endif  # usecuda
+endif               # usehip
 
 
 # -- Dependencies (test) -------------------------------------------------
@@ -215,21 +245,27 @@ DEP_TEST_LDLIBS := $(shell pkg-config --silence-errors --libs-only-l ${DEPS_TEST
 INCLUDES += -I${DIR_PKG_INCLUDE} ${DEP_INCLUDES}
 CPPFLAGS += -MMD -MP -D__TRV_VERSION__=\"${PKG_VER}\"
 
-ifndef usecuda
+ifdef usehip
 CXXFLAGS += -std=c++17 -Wall -O3 ${DEP_CXXFLAGS}
-else   # usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 CXXFLAGS += -std=c++17 -Xcompiler -Wall,-O3 ${DEP_CXXFLAGS}
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+CXXFLAGS += -std=c++17 -Wall -O3 ${DEP_CXXFLAGS}
+endif               # usehip
 
-ifndef usecuda
+ifdef usehip
 LDFLAGS += \
 	$(addprefix -Wl${COMMA}-rpath${COMMA},$(patsubst -L%,%,${DEP_LDFLAGS})) \
 	${DEP_LDFLAGS}
-else   # usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 LDFLAGS += \
 	$(addprefix -Xlinker -rpath${COMMA},$(patsubst -L%,%,${DEP_LDFLAGS})) \
 	${DEP_LDFLAGS}
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+LDFLAGS += \
+	$(addprefix -Wl${COMMA}-rpath${COMMA},$(patsubst -L%,%,${DEP_LDFLAGS})) \
+	${DEP_LDFLAGS}
+endif               # usehip
 
 LDLIBS += $(if ${DEP_LDLIBS},${DEP_LDLIBS},-lgsl -lgslcblas -lfftw3 -lm)
 
@@ -240,15 +276,21 @@ PIPOPTS ?= --user
 
 INCLUDES_TEST = ${INCLUDES} ${DEP_TEST_INCLUDES}
 CXXFLAGS_TEST = ${CXXFLAGS} ${DEP_TEST_CXXFLAGS}
-ifndef usecuda
+
+ifdef usehip
 LDFLAGS_TEST = -L${DIR_BUILDLIB} ${LDFLAGS} \
 	$(addprefix -Wl${COMMA}-rpath${COMMA},$(patsubst -L%,%,${DEP_TEST_LDFLAGS})) \
 	${DEP_TEST_LDFLAGS}
-else   # usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 LDFLAGS_TEST = -L${DIR_BUILDLIB} ${LDFLAGS} \
 	$(addprefix -Xlinker -rpath${COMMA},$(patsubst -L%,%,${DEP_TEST_LDFLAGS})) \
 	${DEP_TEST_LDFLAGS}
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+LDFLAGS_TEST = -L${DIR_BUILDLIB} ${LDFLAGS} \
+	$(addprefix -Wl${COMMA}-rpath${COMMA},$(patsubst -L%,%,${DEP_TEST_LDFLAGS})) \
+	${DEP_TEST_LDFLAGS}
+endif               # usehip
+
 LDLIBS_TEST = -l${LIBNAME} ${LDLIBS} \
 	$(if ${DEP_TEST_LDLIBS},${DEP_TEST_LDLIBS},-lgtest -lpthread)
 
@@ -260,38 +302,48 @@ ifdef NERSC_HOST
 
 ## GSL library [deprecated]
 	# ifdef GSL_ROOT
-	# INCLUDES += -I${GSL_ROOT}/include
-	# ifndef usecuda
-	# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,${GSL_ROOT}/lib -L${GSL_ROOT}/lib
-	# else   # usecuda
-	# LDFLAGS += -Xlinker -rpath,${GSL_ROOT}/lib -L${GSL_ROOT}/lib
-	# endif  # !usecuda
+
+	# 	INCLUDES += -I${GSL_ROOT}/include
+
+	# 	ifdef usehip
+	# 	LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,${GSL_ROOT}/lib -L${GSL_ROOT}/lib
+	# 	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
+	# 	LDFLAGS += -Xlinker -rpath,${GSL_ROOT}/lib -L${GSL_ROOT}/lib
+	# 	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+	# 	LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,${GSL_ROOT}/lib -L${GSL_ROOT}/lib
+	# 	endif               # usehip
+
 	# endif  # GSL_ROOT
 
 ## FFTW library [deprecated]
 	# ifdef FFTW_ROOT
-	# INCLUDES += -I${FFTW_INC}
+	# ifndef usehip
 	# ifndef usecuda
-	# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,${FFTW_DIR} -L${FFTW_DIR}
-	# else   # usecuda
-	# LDFLAGS += -Xlinker -rpath,${FFTW_DIR} -L${FFTW_DIR}
+	# INCLUDES += -I${FFTW_INC}
+	# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,${GSL_ROOT}/lib -L${GSL_ROOT}/lib
 	# endif  # !usecuda
+	# endif  # usehip
 	# endif  # FFTW_ROOT
 
-## cuFFT library
-	ifdef usecuda
+## cuFFT/hipFFT library
+	ifdef usehip
+	INCLUDES += -I${HIP_PATH}/include
+	LDFLAGS += -Wl,-rpath,${HIP_PATH}/lib -L${HIP_PATH}/lib
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 	INCLUDES += -I${NVIDIA_PATH}/math_libs/include
 	LDFLAGS += -Xlinker -rpath,${NVIDIA_PATH}/math_libs/lib64 -L${NVIDIA_PATH}/math_libs/lib64
-	endif  # usecuda
+	endif               # usehip
 
 ## GTEST library
 	ifdef GTEST_ROOT
 	INCLUDES_TEST += -I${GTEST_ROOT}/include
-	ifndef usecuda
+	ifdef usehip
 	LDFLAGS_TEST += -Wl,-rpath,${GTEST_ROOT}/lib -L${GTEST_ROOT}/lib
-	else   # usecuda
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 	LDFLAGS_TEST += -Xlinker -rpath,${GTEST_ROOT}/lib -L${GTEST_ROOT}/lib
-	endif  # !usecuda
+	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+	LDFLAGS_TEST += -Wl,-rpath,${GTEST_ROOT}/lib -L${GTEST_ROOT}/lib
+	endif               # usehip
 	endif  # GTEST_ROOT
 
 endif  # NERSC_HOST
@@ -302,11 +354,13 @@ ifdef DIRAC_HOST
 ## GTEST library
 	ifdef GTEST_ROOT
 	INCLUDES_TEST += -I${GTEST_ROOT}/include
-	ifndef usecuda
+	ifdef usehip
 	LDFLAGS_TEST += -Wl,-rpath,${GTEST_ROOT}/lib -L${GTEST_ROOT}/lib
-	else   # usecuda
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 	LDFLAGS_TEST += -Xlinker -rpath,${GTEST_ROOT}/lib -L${GTEST_ROOT}/lib
-	endif  # !usecuda
+	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+	LDFLAGS_TEST += -Wl,-rpath,${GTEST_ROOT}/lib -L${GTEST_ROOT}/lib
+	endif               # usehip
 	endif  # GTEST_ROOT
 
 endif  # DIRAC_HOST
@@ -320,27 +374,34 @@ ifdef useomp
 ## Assume GCC implementation by default. [adapt]
 	ifeq (${OS}, Linux)
 
-### If using CUDA FFT, add preprocessing flags.
-		ifndef usecuda
+### If using CUDA, add preprocessing flags.
+	    ifdef usehip
 
 #### Use GCC implementation.
 		CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
 		LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
 		# LDLIBS_OMP ?= -lgomp
 
-#### Use Intel implementation.
-		# CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -qopenmp
-		# LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -qopenmp
-		# # LDLIBS_OMP ?= -liomp5
-
-		else   # usecuda
+		else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 
 #### Use GCC implementation.
 		CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -Xcompiler -fopenmp
 		LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -Xcompiler -fopenmp
 		LDLIBS_OMP ?= -lgomp
 
-		endif  # !usecuda
+		else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+
+#### Use GCC implementation.
+		CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
+		LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
+		# LDLIBS_OMP ?= -lgomp
+
+#### Use Intel implementation.
+		# CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -qopenmp
+		# LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -qopenmp
+		# # LDLIBS_OMP ?= -liomp5
+
+		endif               # !usehip
 
 	else ifeq (${OS}, Darwin)
 
@@ -357,33 +418,40 @@ ifdef useomp
 	else  # OS
 
 ### Use GCC implementation.
-### If using CUDA FFT, add preprocessing flags.
-		ifndef usecuda
+### If using CUDA, add preprocessing flags.
+		ifdef usehip
 		CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
 		LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
-		else  # usecuda
+		else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 		CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -Xcompiler -fopenmp
 		LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -Xcompiler -fopenmp
-		endif  # !usecuda
+		else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+		CXXFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
+		LDFLAGS_OMP ?= -fopenmp
+		endif               # usehip
 
 	endif  # OS
 
-## If using CUDA FFT, remove macros for FFTW.
-	ifndef usecuda
-	CPPFLAGS += -DTRV_USE_OMP -DTRV_USE_FFTWOMP
-	else  # usecuda
+## If using cuFFT/hipFFT, remove macros for FFTW.
+	ifdef usehip
 	CPPFLAGS += -DTRV_USE_OMP
-	endif  # !usecuda
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
+	CPPFLAGS += -DTRV_USE_OMP
+	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+	CPPFLAGS += -DTRV_USE_OMP -DTRV_USE_FFTWOMP
+	endif               # usehip
 
 	CXXFLAGS += ${CXXFLAGS_OMP}
 	LDFLAGS += ${LDFLAGS_OMP}
 
 ## If using CUDA FFT, do not include OpenMP FFTW dependency.
-	ifndef usecuda
-	LDLIBS += -lfftw3_omp ${LDLIBS_OMP}
-	else  # usecuda
+	ifdef usehip
 	LDLIBS += ${LDLIBS_OMP}
-	endif  # !usecuda
+	else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
+	LDLIBS += ${LDLIBS_OMP}
+	else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+	LDLIBS += -lfftw3_omp ${LDLIBS_OMP}
+	endif               # usehip
 
 	CPPFLAGS_TEST +=
 	CXXFLAGS_TEST += ${CXXFLAGS_OMP}
@@ -398,10 +466,12 @@ WOMP := without
 
 endif  # useomp
 
-# CUDA
-ifdef usecuda
+# CUDA/HIP
+ifdef usehip
+CPPFLAGS += -DTRV_USE_HIP
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 CPPFLAGS += -DTRV_USE_CUDA
-endif  # usecuda
+endif               # usehip
 
 # Visual display
 ifdef usedisp
@@ -411,11 +481,13 @@ endif  # usedisp
 # Profiling
 ifdef useprof
 ## Linaro MAP profiler
-ifndef usecuda
+ifdef usehip
 CXXFLAGS += -g1 -O3 -fno-inline -fno-optimize-sibling-calls
-else   # usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 CXXFLAGS += -g -O3 -lineinfo
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+CXXFLAGS += -g1 -O3 -fno-inline -fno-optimize-sibling-calls
+endif               # usehip
 endif  # useprof
 
 # Parameter debugging
@@ -439,14 +511,19 @@ export PY_NO_OMP
 else   # useomp
 export PY_CXXFLAGS_OMP=${CXXFLAGS_OMP}
 export PY_LDFLAGS_OMP=${LDFLAGS_OMP} ${LDLIBS_OMP}
+ifdef usehip
+export PY_OMP=true
+endif  # usehip
 ifdef usecuda
 export PY_OMP=true
 endif  # usecuda
 endif  # !useomp
 
-ifdef usecuda
+ifdef usehip
+export PY_HIP=true
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 export PY_CUDA=true
-endif  # usecuda
+endif               # usehip
 
 export PY_BUILD_PARALLEL=${MAKEFLAGS_JOBS}
 
@@ -474,27 +551,33 @@ LDLIBS_TEST := $(strip ${LDLIBS_TEST})
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 SRCS := $(wildcard ${DIR_PKG_SRC}/*.cpp)
+ifdef usehip
 ifndef usecuda
-OBJS := $(SRCS:${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp=${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%.o)
-else  # usecuda
+OBJS := $(SRCS:${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp=${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%_hip.o)
+else                # usehip && usecuda
+OBJS := $(SRCS:${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp=${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%_hipcuda.o)
+endif               # usehip && !usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 OBJS := $(SRCS:${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp=${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%_cuda.o)
-endif  # !usecuda
-DEPS := $(OBJS:.o=.d)
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+OBJS := $(SRCS:${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp=${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%.o)
+endif               # usehip
 
 PROGSRC := ${DIR_PKG_SRCPROG}/${PROGNAME}.cpp
+ifdef usehip
 ifndef usecuda
-PROGOBJ := ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/${PROGNAME}.o
-else  # usecuda
+PROGOBJ := ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/${PROGNAME}_hip.o
+else                # usehip && usecuda
+PROGOBJ := ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/${PROGNAME}_hipcuda.o
+endif               # usehip && !usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda  # !usehip && usecuda
 PROGOBJ := ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/${PROGNAME}_cuda.o
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && !usecuda
+PROGOBJ := ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/${PROGNAME}.o
+endif               # usehip
 
-ifndef usecuda
 PROGEXE := ${DIR_BUILDBIN}/${PROGNAME}
 PROGLIB := ${DIR_BUILDLIB}/lib${LIBNAME}.a
-else  # usecuda
-PROGEXE := ${DIR_BUILDBIN}/${PROGNAME}_cuda
-PROGLIB := ${DIR_BUILDLIB}/lib${LIBNAME}_cuda.a
-endif  # !usecuda
 
 
 # -- Installation --------------------------------------------------------
@@ -513,22 +596,34 @@ cpplibinstall: library
 
 cppappbuild: executable
 
-ifndef usecuda
+ifdef usehip
+ifdef usecuda
 pyinstall:
 	@echo "Installing ${PKGNAME} Python package ${WOMP} OpenMP (in pip dev mode)..."
-	@cp .pyproject.toml pyproject.toml
+	@cp .pyproject_hipcuda.toml pyproject.toml
 	python -m pip install ${PIPOPTS} --editable . -vvv
-else  # usecuda
+else   # usehip && !usecuda
+pyinstall:
+	@echo "Installing ${PKGNAME} Python package ${WOMP} OpenMP (in pip dev mode)..."
+	@cp .pyproject_hip.toml pyproject.toml
+	python -m pip install ${PIPOPTS} --editable . -vvv
+endif  # usehip && usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda
 pyinstall:
 	@echo "Installing ${PKGNAME} Python package ${WOMP} OpenMP (in pip dev mode)..."
 	@cp .pyproject_cuda.toml pyproject.toml
 	python -m pip install ${PIPOPTS} --editable . -vvv
-endif  # !usecuda
+else  # !usehip && usecuda
+pyinstall:
+	@echo "Installing ${PKGNAME} Python package ${WOMP} OpenMP (in pip dev mode)..."
+	@cp .pyproject.toml pyproject.toml
+	python -m pip install ${PIPOPTS} --editable . -vvv
+endif  # !usehip && !usecuda
 
 uninstall: cppuninstall pyuninstall
 
 cppuninstall:
-	@echo "Uninstalling Triumvirate(-CUDA) C++ library/program..."
+	@echo "Uninstalling Triumvirate(-CUDA/HIP/HIPCUDA) C++ library/program..."
 	@echo "  removing builds..."
 	@find ${DIR_BUILD} -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -name ".git*" -exec rm -r {} +
 
@@ -571,13 +666,21 @@ objects_:
 ${PROGOBJ}: ${PROGSRC}
 	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
 
-ifndef usecuda
-$(OBJS): ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%.o: ${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp | objects_
+ifdef usehip
+ifdef usecuda
+$(OBJS): ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%_hipcuda.o: ${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp | objects_
 	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
-else  # usecuda
+else                # usehip && !usecuda
+$(OBJS): ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%_hip.o: ${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp | objects_
+	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
+endif               # usehip && usecuda
+else ifdef usecuda
 $(OBJS): ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%_cuda.o: ${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp | objects_
 	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
-endif  # !usecuda
+else                # !usehip && usecuda
+$(OBJS): ${DIR_BUILDOBJ}/%.o: ${DIR_PKG_SRC}/%.cpp | objects_
+	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
+endif               # !usehip && !usecuda
 
 -include $(DEPS)
 
@@ -654,12 +757,12 @@ clean: buildclean testclean distclean runclean
 buildclean: cppclean pyclean
 
 cppclean:
-	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA) C++ build..."
+	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA/HIP/HIPCUDA) C++ build..."
 	@echo "  removing builds..."
 	@find ${DIR_BUILD} -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -name ".git*" -exec rm -r {} +
 
 pyclean:
-	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA) Python build..."
+	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA/HIP/HIPCUDA) Python build..."
 	@echo "  removing Cythonised C/C++ scripts..."
 	@find ${DIR_PKG} -maxdepth 1 -name "*.cpp" -exec rm {} +
 	@echo "  removing Cythonised extensions..."
@@ -673,7 +776,7 @@ pyclean:
 	@find . -type d -name ".ipynb_checkpoints" -exec rm -r {} +
 
 testclean:
-	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA) tests..."
+	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA/HIP/HIPCUDA) tests..."
 	@echo "  removing test builds and outputs..."
 	@$(RM) -r ${DIR_TESTBUILD}/* ${DIR_TESTOUT}/*
 	@echo "  removing pytest cache..."
@@ -684,7 +787,7 @@ testclean:
 	@$(RM) -r core
 
 distclean:
-	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA) distributions..."
+	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA/HIP/HIPCUDA) distributions..."
 	@echo "  removing distribution outputs..."
 	@$(RM) -r ${DIR_DIST}/
 	@echo "  removing wheels..."
@@ -694,7 +797,7 @@ distclean:
 	@find . -name "*.egg-info" -exec rm -r {} +
 
 runclean:
-	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA) runs..."
+	@echo "Cleaning up Triumvirate(-CUDA/HIP/HIPCUDA) runs..."
 	@echo "  removing compiled bytecode..."
 	@find . -type d -name "__pycache__" -exec rm -r {} +
 	@echo "  removing core dumps..."