diff --git a/luisa_compute/examples/autodiff.rs b/luisa_compute/examples/autodiff.rs
index ca8188a..2cb8f0f 100644
--- a/luisa_compute/examples/autodiff.rs
+++ b/luisa_compute/examples/autodiff.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-use std::env::current_exe;
+use std::{env::current_exe, f32::consts::PI};
 
 use luisa::*;
 use luisa_compute as luisa;
 fn main() {
-    luisa::init_logger();
+    luisa::init_logger_verbose();
 
     let ctx = Context::new(current_exe().unwrap());
     let args: Vec<String> = std::env::args().collect();
@@ -19,36 +19,53 @@ fn main() {
     });
     let x = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
     let y = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
-    let dx = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
-    let dy = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
+    let dx_rev = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
+    let dy_rev = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
+    let dx_fwd = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
+    let dy_fwd = device.create_buffer::<f32>(1024);
     x.fill_fn(|i| i as f32);
     y.fill_fn(|i| 1.0 + i as f32);
-    let shader = device.create_kernel::<fn(Buffer<f32>, Buffer<f32>, Buffer<f32>, Buffer<f32>)>(
-        &|buf_x: BufferVar<f32>,
-          buf_y: BufferVar<f32>,
-          buf_dx: BufferVar<f32>,
-          buf_dy: BufferVar<f32>| {
-            let tid = dispatch_id().x();
-            let x = buf_x.read(tid);
-            let y = buf_y.read(tid);
-            autodiff(|| {
-                requires_grad(x);
-                requires_grad(y);
-                let z = if_!(x.cmpgt(y), {
-                    x * 4.0
-                }, else {
-                    y * 0.5
-                });
-                backward(z);
-                buf_dx.write(tid, gradient(x));
-                buf_dy.write(tid, gradient(y));
-            });
-        },
-    );
+    let shader = device.create_kernel::<fn()>(&|| {
+        let tid = dispatch_id().x();
+        let buf_x = x.var();
+        let buf_y = y.var();
+        let x = buf_x.read(tid);
+        let y = buf_y.read(tid);
+        let f = |x: Expr<f32>, y: Expr<f32>| {
+            if_!(x.cmpgt(y), { x * y }, else, {
+                y * x + (x / 32.0 * PI).sin()
+            })
+        };
+        autodiff(|| {
+            requires_grad(x);
+            requires_grad(y);
+            let z = f(x, y);
+            backward(z);
+            dx_rev.write(tid, gradient(x));
+            dy_rev.write(tid, gradient(y));
+        });
+        forward_autodiff(2, || {
+            propagate_gradient(x, &[const_(1.0f32), const_(0.0f32)]);
+            propagate_gradient(y, &[const_(0.0f32), const_(1.0f32)]);
+            let z = f(x, y);
+            let dx = output_gradients(z)[0];
+            let dy = output_gradients(z)[1];
+            dx_fwd.write(tid, dx);
+            dy_fwd.write(tid, dy);
+        });
+    });
 
-    shader.dispatch([1024, 1, 1], &x.view(..), &y, &dx, &dy);
-    let dx = dx.copy_to_vec();
-    println!("{:?}", &dx[0..16]);
-    let dy = dy.copy_to_vec();
-    println!("{:?}", &dy[0..16]);
+    shader.dispatch([1024, 1, 1]);
+    {
+        let dx = dx_rev.copy_to_vec();
+        println!("{:?}", &dx[0..16]);
+        let dy = dy_rev.copy_to_vec();
+        println!("{:?}", &dy[0..16]);
+    }
+    {
+        let dx = dx_fwd.copy_to_vec();
+        println!("{:?}", &dx[0..16]);
+        let dy = dy_fwd.copy_to_vec();
+        println!("{:?}", &dy[0..16]);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/luisa_compute/src/lang/mod.rs b/luisa_compute/src/lang/mod.rs
index a22999b..525a3a8 100644
--- a/luisa_compute/src/lang/mod.rs
+++ b/luisa_compute/src/lang/mod.rs
@@ -2016,7 +2016,8 @@ impl KernelBuilder {
                 entry,
                 kind: ModuleKind::Kernel,
                 pools: r.pools.clone().unwrap(),
-                flags: ModuleFlags::REQUIRES_REV_AD_TRANSFORM,
+                flags: ModuleFlags::REQUIRES_REV_AD_TRANSFORM
+                    | ModuleFlags::REQUIRES_FWD_AD_TRANSFORM,
             };
             let module = CallableModule {
                 module: ir_module,
@@ -2053,7 +2054,8 @@ impl KernelBuilder {
                 entry,
                 kind: ModuleKind::Kernel,
                 pools: r.pools.clone().unwrap(),
-                flags: ModuleFlags::REQUIRES_REV_AD_TRANSFORM,
+                flags: ModuleFlags::REQUIRES_REV_AD_TRANSFORM
+                    | ModuleFlags::REQUIRES_FWD_AD_TRANSFORM,
             };
             let ir_module = luisa_compute_ir::transform::luisa_compute_ir_transform_auto(ir_module);
             let module = KernelModule {
@@ -2877,13 +2879,15 @@ pub fn forward_autodiff(n_grads: usize, body: impl Fn()) {
         s.push(IrBuilder::new(pools));
     });
     body();
-    AD_CONTEXT.with(|c| {
+    let n_grads = AD_CONTEXT.with(|c| {
         let mut c = c.borrow_mut();
+        let n_grads = c.n_forward_grads;
         c.reset();
+        n_grads
     });
     let body = __pop_scope();
     __current_scope(|b| {
-        b.ad_scope(body, true);
+        b.fwd_ad_scope(body, n_grads);
     });
 }
 
@@ -2922,7 +2926,7 @@ pub fn output_gradients<T: ExprProxy>(v: T) -> Vec<T> {
             grads.push(T::from_node(b.call(
                 Func::OutputGrad,
                 &[v.node(), idx],
-                Type::void(),
+                v.node().type_().clone(),
             )));
         }
         grads
@@ -2950,7 +2954,7 @@ pub fn autodiff(body: impl Fn()) {
     });
     let body = __pop_scope();
     __current_scope(|b| {
-        b.ad_scope(body, false);
+        b.ad_scope(body);
     });
 }
 
diff --git a/luisa_compute_sys/LuisaCompute b/luisa_compute_sys/LuisaCompute
index 259b58d..f6b8ebf 160000
--- a/luisa_compute_sys/LuisaCompute
+++ b/luisa_compute_sys/LuisaCompute
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 259b58d69e67f311bf9de31d19e9c38ea3d4c6ff
+Subproject commit f6b8ebf8eaead724a3dd75cd80d0bb5d2f0ca1ef