threadpool.py

#coding=utf-8
import sys
import threading
import Queue
import traceback

# 定义一些Exception，用于自定义异常处理

class NoResultsPending(Exception):
    """All works requests have been processed"""
    pass

class NoWorkersAvailable(Exception):
    """No worket threads available to process remaining requests."""
    pass

def _handle_thread_exception(request, exc_info):
    """默认的异常处理函数，只是简单的打印"""
    traceback.print_exception(*exc_info)

#classes 

class WorkerThread(threading.Thread):
    """后台线程，真正的工作线程，从请求队列(requestQueue)中获取work，
    并将执行后的结果添加到结果队列(resultQueue)"""
    def __init__(self,requestQueue,resultQueue,poll_timeout=5,**kwds):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self,**kwds)
        '''设置为守护进行'''
        self.setDaemon(True)
        self._requestQueue = requestQueue
        self._resultQueue = resultQueue
        self._poll_timeout = poll_timeout
        '''设置一个flag信号，用来表示该线程是否还被dismiss,默认为false'''
        self._dismissed = threading.Event()
        self.start()
        
    def run(self):
        '''每个线程尽可能多的执行work，所以采用loop，
        只要线程可用，并且requestQueue有work未完成，则一直loop'''
        while True:
            if self._dismissed.is_set():
                break
            try:
                '''
                Queue.Queue队列设置了线程同步策略，并且可以设置timeout。
                一直block，直到requestQueue有值，或者超时
                '''
                request = self._requestQueue.get(True,self._poll_timeout)
            except Queue.Empty:
                continue
            else:
                '''之所以在这里再次判断dimissed，是因为之前的timeout时间里，很有可能，该线程被dismiss掉了'''
                if self._dismissed.is_set():
                    self._requestQueue.put(request)
                    break
                try:
                    '''执行callable，讲请求和结果以tuple的方式放入requestQueue'''
                    result = request.callable(*request.args,**request.kwds)
                    #print self.getName()
                    self._resultQueue.put((request,result))
                except:
                    '''异常处理'''
                    request.exception = True
                    self._resultQueue.put((request,sys.exc_info()))
    
    def dismiss(self):
        '''设置一个标志，表示完成当前work之后，退出'''
        self._dismissed.set()


class WorkRequest:
    '''
    @param callable_:，可定制的，执行work的函数
    @param args: 列表参数
    @param kwds: 字典参数
    @param requestID: id
    @param callback: 可定制的，处理resultQueue队列元素的函数
    @param exc_callback:可定制的，处理异常的函数 
    '''
    def __init__(self,callable_,args=None,kwds=None,requestID=None,
                 callback=None,exc_callback=_handle_thread_exception):
        if requestID == None:
            self.requestID = id(self)
        else:
            try:
                self.requestID = hash(requestID)
            except TypeError:
                raise TypeError("requestId must be hashable")    
        self.exception = False
        self.callback = callback
        self.exc_callback = exc_callback
        self.callable = callable_
        self.args = args or []
        self.kwds = kwds or {}
        
    def __str__(self):
        return "WorkRequest id=%s args=%r kwargs=%r exception=%s" % \
            (self.requestID,self.args,self.kwds,self.exception)
            
class ThreadPool:
    '''
    @param num_workers:初始化的线程数量
    @param q_size,resq_size: requestQueue和result队列的初始大小
    @param poll_timeout: 设置工作线程WorkerThread的timeout，也就是等待requestQueue的timeout
    '''
    def __init__(self,num_workers,q_size=0,resq_size=0,poll_timeout=5):
        self._requestQueue = Queue.Queue(q_size)
        self._resultQueue = Queue.Queue(resq_size)
        self.workers = []
        self.dismissedWorkers = []
        self.workRequests = {} #设置个字典，方便使用
        self.createWorkers(num_workers,poll_timeout)

    def createWorkers(self,num_workers,poll_timeout=5):
        '''创建num_workers个WorkThread,默认timeout为5'''
        for i in range(num_workers):
            self.workers.append(WorkerThread(self._requestQueue,self._resultQueue,poll_timeout=poll_timeout))                           
    
    def dismissWorkers(self,num_workers,do_join=False):
        '''停用num_workers数量的线程，并加入dismiss_list'''
        dismiss_list = []
        for i in range(min(num_workers,len(self.workers))):
            worker = self.workers.pop()
            worker.dismiss()
            dismiss_list.append(worker)
        if do_join :
            for worker in dismiss_list:
                worker.join()
        else:
            self.dismissedWorkers.extend(dismiss_list)
    
    def joinAllDismissedWorkers(self):
        '''join 所有停用的thread'''
        #print len(self.dismissedWorkers)
        for worker in self.dismissedWorkers:
            worker.join()
        self.dismissedWorkers = []
    
    def putRequest(self,request ,block=True,timeout=None):
        assert isinstance(request,WorkRequest)
        assert not getattr(request,'exception',None)
        '''当queue满了，也就是容量达到了前面设定的q_size,它将一直阻塞，直到有空余位置，或是timeout'''
        self._requestQueue.put(request, block, timeout)
        self.workRequests[request.requestID] = request
        
    def poll(self,block = False):
        while True:
            if not self.workRequests:
                raise NoResultsPending
            elif block and not self.workers:
                raise NoWorkersAvailable
            try:
                '''默认只要resultQueue有值，则取出，否则一直block'''
                request , result = self._resultQueue.get(block=block)
                if request.exception and request.exc_callback:
                    request.exc_callback(request,result)
                if request.callback and not (request.exception and request.exc_callback):
                    request.callback(request,result)
                del self.workRequests[request.requestID]
            except Queue.Empty:
                break
    
    def wait(self):
        while True:
            try:
                self.poll(True)
            except NoResultsPending:
                break
    
    def workersize(self):
        return len(self.workers)
    
    def stop(self):
        '''join 所有的thread,确保所有的线程都执行完毕'''
        self.dismissWorkers(self.workersize(),True)
        self.joinAllDismissedWorkers()

if __name__=='__main__':
    import random
    import time
    import datetime
    import urllib2
    count=0
    map = {}
    def do_work(url):
    	global count
    	count+=1
        url_headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.48'}
        request = urllib2.Request(url,headers=url_headers)
        try:
        	response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except:
        	return "ERROR"
        content = response.read()
        return "Success"
    
    def print_result(request,result):
        print "---Result from request %s : %r" % (request.requestID,result)
        map[request.requestID] = result
    
    main = ThreadPool(4)
    req_list = []
    for i in range(40):
        req = WorkRequest(do_work,args=['http://www.baidu.com'],kwds={},callback=print_result)
        main.putRequest(req)
        req_list.append(req.requestID)
        print "work request #%s added." % req.requestID
    
    print '-'*20, main.workersize(),'-'*20
    
    main.wait()
    main.stop()
    for reqID in req_list:
        result = map[reqID]
        handle(result)
    print count
    print "Stop"