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rawcopy.cpp
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rawcopy.cpp
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#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif
#ifndef _UNICODE
#define _UNICODE
#endif
#ifndef _WIN32_WINNT
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0500
#endif
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <winstrct.h>
#include <winioctl.h>
#include <shellapi.h>
#include <ntdll.h>
#include "rawcopy.rc.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "shell32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "ntdll.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "advapi32.lib")
#define STDBUFSIZ 512
#define BIGBUFSIZ (512 << 10)
union VOLUME_BITMAP_BUFFERS
{
STARTING_LCN_INPUT_BUFFER input;
VOLUME_BITMAP_BUFFER output;
char bytes[1 << 20];
};
char buffer[STDBUFSIZ];
LONGLONG copylength = { 0 };
LONGLONG readbytes = { 0 };
LONGLONG writtenblocks = { 0 };
LONGLONG skippedwritebytes = { 0 };
SIZE_T bufsiz = STDBUFSIZ;
HANDLE hIn = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
HANDLE hOut = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
int
wmain(int argc, WCHAR *argv[])
{
bool bBigBufferMode = false; // -m switch
bool bDeviceLockRequired = true; // not -l switch
bool bVerboseMode = false; // -v switch
bool bIgnoreErrors = false; // -i switch
bool bAdjustSize = false; // -a switch
bool bCreateSparse = false; // -s switch
bool bDifferential = false; // -D switch
bool bNonBufferedIn = false; // -r switch
bool bNonBufferedOut = false; // -w switch
bool bWriteThrough = false; // -x switch
bool bExtendedDASDIO = false; // -d switch
bool bBackupPriv = false; // -b switch
bool bDisplayHelp = false;
DWORD retrycount = 0; // -f switch
SIZE_T sizBigBufferSize = BIGBUFSIZ; // -m:nnn parameter
LARGE_INTEGER sizWriteOffset = { 0 }; // -o:nnn parameter
// Nice argument parse loop :)
while (argv[1] != NULL && (argv[1][0] | 0x02) == '/')
{
while ((++argv[1])[0])
{
switch (argv[1][0])
{
case L'm':
bBigBufferMode = true;
if (argv[1][1] == ':')
{
LPWSTR szSizeSuffix = NULL;
sizBigBufferSize = wcstoul(argv[1] + 2, &szSizeSuffix, 0);
if (szSizeSuffix == argv[1] + 2 ||
(szSizeSuffix[0] != 0 && szSizeSuffix[1] != 0))
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Invalid buffer size: %ws\n", szSizeSuffix);
return -1;
}
switch (szSizeSuffix[0])
{
case L'E':
sizBigBufferSize <<= 10;
case L'P':
sizBigBufferSize <<= 10;
case L'T':
sizBigBufferSize <<= 10;
case L'G':
sizBigBufferSize <<= 10;
case L'M':
sizBigBufferSize <<= 10;
case L'K':
sizBigBufferSize <<= 10;
break;
case L'e':
sizBigBufferSize *= 1000;
case L'p':
sizBigBufferSize *= 1000;
case L't':
sizBigBufferSize *= 1000;
case L'g':
sizBigBufferSize *= 1000;
case L'm':
sizBigBufferSize *= 1000;
case L'k':
sizBigBufferSize *= 1000;
case 0:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,
"Invalid size suffix: %wc\n", szSizeSuffix[0]);
return -1;
}
argv[1] += wcslen(argv[1]) - 1;
}
break;
case L'o':
{
if (argv[1][1] != L':')
{
bDisplayHelp = true;
break;
}
WCHAR SizeSuffix = NULL;
switch (swscanf(argv[1] + 2, L"%I64i%c",
&sizWriteOffset.QuadPart, &SizeSuffix))
{
case 2:
switch (SizeSuffix)
{
case L'E':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart <<= 60;
break;
case L'P':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart <<= 50;
break;
case L'T':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart <<= 40;
break;
case L'G':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart <<= 30;
break;
case L'M':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart <<= 20;
break;
case L'K':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart <<= 10;
break;
case L'e':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 1000000000000000000;
break;
case L'p':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 1000000000000000;
break;
case L't':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 1000000000000;
break;
case L'g':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 1000000000;
break;
case L'm':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 1000000;
break;
case L'k':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 1000;
break;
case L'B':
sizWriteOffset.QuadPart *= 512;
break;
case 0:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,
"Invalid forward skip suffix: %wc\n",
SizeSuffix);
return -1;
}
case 1:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid skip size: %ws\n", argv[1]);
return -1;
}
if (bVerboseMode)
fprintf(stderr, "Write starts at %I64i bytes.\n", sizWriteOffset.QuadPart);
}
argv[1] += wcslen(argv[1]) - 1;
break;
case L'f':
if (argv[1][1] != ':')
{
bDisplayHelp = true;
break;
}
retrycount = wcstoul(argv[1] + 2, NULL, 0);
if (retrycount == 0)
retrycount = 10;
argv[1] += wcslen(argv[1]) - 1;
break;
case L'l':
bDeviceLockRequired = false;
break;
case L'i':
bIgnoreErrors = true;
break;
case L'v':
bVerboseMode = true;
break;
case L'a':
bAdjustSize = true;
break;
case L's':
bCreateSparse = true;
break;
case L'D':
bDifferential = true;
break;
case L'r':
bNonBufferedIn = true;
break;
case L'w':
bNonBufferedOut = true;
break;
case L'x':
bWriteThrough = true;
break;
case L'd':
bExtendedDASDIO = true;
break;
case L'b':
bBackupPriv = true;
break;
default:
bDisplayHelp = true;
}
}
--argc;
++argv;
}
if (bIgnoreErrors)
{
SetErrorMode(SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS | SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX);
}
if (bBackupPriv)
{
if (!EnableBackupPrivileges())
{
WErrMsg errmsg;
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Backup privileges not enabled: %ws\n", errmsg.GetPtr());
}
}
if (bDisplayHelp)
{
fputs("File and device read/write utility.\n"
"\n"
"Version " RAWCOPY_VERSION ". "
"Copyright (C) Olof Lagerkvist 1997-2023.\n"
"Differential operation based on modification by LZ.\n"
"This program is open source freeware.\n"
"http://www.ltr-data.se [email protected]\n"
"\n"
"Usage:\n"
"rawcopy [-lvirwxsdD] [-f[:count]] [-m[:bufsize]] [-o:writeoffset]\n"
" [[[[[skipforward] copylength] infile] outfile]\n"
"\n"
"Default infile/outfile if none or blank given is standard input/output device.\n"
"\n"
"-a Adjusts size out output file to disk volume size of input. This switch\n"
" is only valid if input is a disk volume.\n"
"\n"
"-b Enable and use backup privileges to bypass file security, if allowed for\n"
" current user account.\n"
"\n"
"-D Differential operation. Skips rewriting blocks in output file that are\n"
" already equal to corresponding blocks in input file.\n"
"\n"
"-d Use extended DASD I/O when reading/writing disks. You also need to\n"
" select a compatible buffer size with the -m switch for successful\n"
" operation.\n"
"\n"
"-f Number of retries on failed I/O operations.\n"
"\n"
"-i Ignores and skip over read/write failures without displaying any dialog\n"
" boxes.\n"
"\n"
"-l Access devices without locking access to them. Use this switch when you\n"
" are reading/writing physical drives and other processes are using the\n"
" drives.\n"
" Note! This may destroy your data!\n"
"-m Try to buffer more of input file into memory before writing to output\n"
" file.\n"
"\n"
"-r Read input without intermediate buffering.\n"
"\n"
"-s Creates output file as sparse file on NTFS volumes and skips explicitly\n"
" writing all-zero blocks.\n"
"\n"
"-v Verbose mode. Writes to stderr what is being done.\n"
"\n"
" Buffer size may be suffixed with K,M or G. If -m is given without a\n"
" buffer size, 512 KB is assumed. If -m is not given a buffer size of 512\n"
" bytes is used and read/write failures can be ignored.\n"
"\n"
"-w Write output without intermediate buffering.\n"
"\n"
"-x Write through to output without going via system cache.\n"
"\n"
"Examples for Windows NT:\n"
"rawcopy -m diskimage.img \\\\.\\A:\n"
" Writes a diskette image file called \"diskimage.img\" to a physical diskette\n"
" in drive A:. (File extension .img is just an example, sometimes such images\n"
" are called for example .vfd.)\n"
"rawcopy \\\\.\\PIPE\\MYPIPE \"\"\n"
" Reads data from named pipe \"MYPIPE\" on the local machine and write on\n"
" standard output.\n"
"rawcopy 512 \\\\.\\PhysicalDrive0 parttable\n"
" Copies 512 bytes (partition table) from first physical harddrive to file\n"
" called \"parttable\".\n", stderr);
return -1;
}
LARGE_INTEGER skipforward = { 0 };
if (argc > 4)
{
WCHAR SizeSuffix = 0;
switch (swscanf(argv[1], L"%I64i%c",
&skipforward.QuadPart, &SizeSuffix))
{
case 2:
switch (SizeSuffix)
{
case L'E':
skipforward.QuadPart <<= 60;
break;
case L'P':
skipforward.QuadPart <<= 50;
break;
case L'T':
skipforward.QuadPart <<= 40;
break;
case L'G':
skipforward.QuadPart <<= 30;
break;
case L'M':
skipforward.QuadPart <<= 20;
break;
case L'K':
skipforward.QuadPart <<= 10;
break;
case L'e':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 1000000000000000000;
break;
case L'p':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 1000000000000000;
break;
case L't':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 1000000000000;
break;
case L'g':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 1000000000;
break;
case L'm':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 1000000;
break;
case L'k':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 1000;
break;
case L'B':
skipforward.QuadPart *= 512;
break;
case 0:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,
"Invalid forward skip suffix: %wc\n", SizeSuffix);
return -1;
}
case 1:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid skip size: %ws\n", argv[1]);
return -1;
}
if (bVerboseMode)
fprintf(stderr, "Skipping %I64i bytes.\n", skipforward.QuadPart);
argv++;
argc--;
}
if (argc > 3)
{
WCHAR SizeSuffix = 0;
switch (swscanf(argv[1], L"%I64i%c",
©length, &SizeSuffix))
{
case 2:
switch (SizeSuffix)
{
case 'E':
copylength <<= 60;
break;
case 'P':
copylength <<= 50;
break;
case 'T':
copylength <<= 40;
break;
case 'G':
copylength <<= 30;
break;
case 'M':
copylength <<= 20;
break;
case 'K':
copylength <<= 10;
break;
case 'e':
copylength *= 1000000000000000000;
break;
case 'p':
copylength *= 1000000000000000;
break;
case 't':
copylength *= 1000000000000;
break;
case 'g':
copylength *= 1000000000;
break;
case 'm':
copylength *= 1000000;
break;
case 'k':
copylength *= 1000;
break;
case 'B':
copylength *= 512;
break;
case 0:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid copylength suffix: %c\n",
SizeSuffix);
return -1;
}
case 1:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid copylength: %ws\n", argv[1]);
return 1;
}
if (bVerboseMode)
fprintf(stderr, "Copying %I64i bytes.\n", copylength);
argv++;
argc--;
}
if ((argc > 2) && (argv[1] != NULL) && (argv[1][0] != 0))
{
hIn = CreateFile(argv[1],
GENERIC_READ,
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN |
(bNonBufferedIn ? FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING : 0) |
(bBackupPriv ? FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS : 0),
NULL);
}
else
{
hIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
}
if (hIn == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
win_perror(argc > 1 ? argv[1] : L"stdin");
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("Error opening input file.\n", stderr);
return -1;
}
if (skipforward.QuadPart &&
(SetFilePointer(hIn, skipforward.LowPart, &skipforward.HighPart,
FILE_CURRENT) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER) &&
(GetLastError() != NO_ERROR))
{
win_perror(L"Fatal, cannot set input file pointer");
return -1;
}
if (bExtendedDASDIO)
{
// Turn on FSCTL_ALLOW_EXTENDED_DASD_IO so that we can make sure that we
// read the entire drive bypassing filesystem limits
DWORD dwReadSize;
DeviceIoControl(hIn,
FSCTL_ALLOW_EXTENDED_DASD_IO,
NULL,
0,
NULL,
0,
&dwReadSize,
NULL);
}
LARGE_INTEGER disk_size = { 0 };
if (bAdjustSize)
{
// Get volume size
DWORD dwBytesReturned;
DeviceIoControl(hIn,
IOCTL_DISK_UPDATE_PROPERTIES,
NULL,
0,
NULL,
0,
&dwBytesReturned,
NULL);
PARTITION_INFORMATION partition_info = { 0 };
DISK_GEOMETRY disk_geometry = { 0 };
if (DeviceIoControl(hIn,
IOCTL_DISK_GET_PARTITION_INFO,
NULL,
0,
&partition_info,
sizeof(partition_info),
&dwBytesReturned,
NULL))
{
disk_size.QuadPart = partition_info.PartitionLength.QuadPart;
}
else if (DeviceIoControl(hIn,
IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY,
NULL,
0,
&disk_geometry,
sizeof(disk_geometry),
&dwBytesReturned,
NULL))
{
disk_size.QuadPart =
disk_geometry.Cylinders.QuadPart *
disk_geometry.TracksPerCylinder *
disk_geometry.SectorsPerTrack *
disk_geometry.BytesPerSector;
}
else
{
win_perror(L"Cannot get input disk volume size");
return 1;
}
}
char *bufptr = NULL;
char *diffbufptr = NULL;
// If -m option is used we use big buffer
if (bBigBufferMode)
{
if ((bufptr = (char *)LocalAlloc(LPTR, sizBigBufferSize)) != NULL)
{
bufsiz = LocalSize(bufptr);
}
else
{
bufptr = buffer;
win_perror(L"Memory allocation error, "
L"using 512 bytes buffer instead%%nError message");
}
if (bVerboseMode)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Buffering %u bytes.\n", (DWORD)bufsiz);
}
}
// -m is not used
else
{
bufptr = buffer;
if (bVerboseMode)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Sequential scan mode used, "
"max read/write buffer is %u bytes.\n", (DWORD)bufsiz);
}
}
if (bDifferential)
{
diffbufptr = (char*)LocalAlloc(LPTR, bufsiz);
if (diffbufptr == NULL)
{
win_perror(L"Memory allocation error");
return -1;
}
}
// Jump to next parameter if input file was given
if (argc > 2)
{
argv++;
argc--;
}
if ((argc > 1) && (argv[1] != NULL) && (argv[1][0] != 0))
{
hOut = CreateFile(argv[1],
(bDifferential ? GENERIC_READ : 0) | GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
NULL,
OPEN_ALWAYS,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL |
(bNonBufferedOut ? FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING : 0) |
(bWriteThrough ? FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH : 0) |
(bBackupPriv ? FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS : 0),
hIn);
if (hOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE &&
GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER)
{
hOut = CreateFile(argv[1],
(bDifferential ? GENERIC_READ : 0) | GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
(bNonBufferedOut ? FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING : 0) |
(bWriteThrough ? FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH : 0) |
(bBackupPriv ? FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS : 0),
NULL);
}
}
else
{
hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
}
if (hOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
win_perror(argc > 1 ? argv[1] : L"stdout");
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("Error opening output file.\n", stderr);
return -1;
}
if (bExtendedDASDIO)
{
// Turn on FSCTL_ALLOW_EXTENDED_DASD_IO so that we can make sure that we
// read the entire drive
DWORD dwReadSize;
DeviceIoControl(hOut,
FSCTL_ALLOW_EXTENDED_DASD_IO,
NULL,
0,
NULL,
0,
&dwReadSize,
NULL);
}
// If not regular disk file, try to lock volume using FSCTL operation
BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION ByHandleFileInfo;
if (!GetFileInformationByHandle(hIn, &ByHandleFileInfo))
{
DWORD z;
FlushFileBuffers(hIn);
if (DeviceIoControl(hIn, FSCTL_LOCK_VOLUME, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &z, NULL))
{
if (DeviceIoControl(hIn, FSCTL_DISMOUNT_VOLUME, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &z,
NULL))
{
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("Source device locked and dismounted.\n", stderr);
}
else
{
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("Source device locked.\n", stderr);
}
}
else
{
switch (GetLastError())
{
case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION:
case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE:
case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER:
break;
default:
if (bDeviceLockRequired)
{
if (bVerboseMode)
{
DWORD dwSavedErrno = GetLastError();
fprintf(stderr, "System Error %u.\n", dwSavedErrno);
SetLastError(dwSavedErrno);
}
win_perror(L"Cannot lock source device (use -l to ignore)");
return -1;
}
else
win_perror(L"Warning! Source device not locked");
}
}
}
LARGE_INTEGER existing_out_file_size = { 0 };
if (GetFileInformationByHandle(hOut, &ByHandleFileInfo))
{
existing_out_file_size.LowPart = ByHandleFileInfo.nFileSizeLow;
existing_out_file_size.HighPart = ByHandleFileInfo.nFileSizeHigh;
LARGE_INTEGER current_out_pointer = { 0 };
current_out_pointer.LowPart =
SetFilePointer(hOut, 0, ¤t_out_pointer.HighPart, FILE_CURRENT);
if (current_out_pointer.LowPart == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER &&
GetLastError() != NO_ERROR)
{
win_perror(L"Fatal, cannot get output file pointer");
return -1;
}
existing_out_file_size.QuadPart -= current_out_pointer.QuadPart;
}
else
{
DWORD z;
FlushFileBuffers(hOut);
if (DeviceIoControl(hOut, FSCTL_LOCK_VOLUME, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &z, NULL))
{
if (DeviceIoControl(hOut, FSCTL_DISMOUNT_VOLUME, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &z,
NULL))
{
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("Target device locked and dismounted.\n", stderr);
}
else
{
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("Target device locked.\n", stderr);
}
}
else
{
switch (GetLastError())
{
case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION:
case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE:
case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER:
break;
default:
if (bDeviceLockRequired)
{
if (bVerboseMode)
{
DWORD dwSavedErrno = GetLastError();
fprintf(stderr, "System Error %u.\n", dwSavedErrno);
SetLastError(dwSavedErrno);
}
win_perror(L"Cannot lock target device (use -l to ignore)");
return -1;
}
else
win_perror(L"Warning! Target device not locked");
}
}
}
if (bCreateSparse)
{
DWORD dw;
if (!DeviceIoControl(hOut, FSCTL_SET_SPARSE, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &dw,
NULL))
{
win_perror(L"Warning! Failed to set sparse flag for file");
}
}
if (sizWriteOffset.QuadPart != 0)
{
sizWriteOffset.LowPart = SetFilePointer(
hOut,
sizWriteOffset.LowPart,
&sizWriteOffset.HighPart,
FILE_CURRENT);
if (sizWriteOffset.LowPart == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER &&
GetLastError() != NO_ERROR)
{
win_perror(L"Error seeking on output device");
return 2;
}
}
for (;;)
{
Sleep(0);
if (bVerboseMode)
fprintf(stderr, "Reading block %I64u\r", writtenblocks);
// Read next block
DWORD dwBlockSize = (DWORD)bufsiz;
DWORD retries = 0;
if (copylength != 0)
{
if (readbytes >= copylength)
{
break;
}
else if ((dwBlockSize + readbytes) >= copylength)
{
dwBlockSize = (DWORD)(copylength - readbytes);
if (bVerboseMode)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Reading last %u bytes...\n", dwBlockSize);
}
}
}
DWORD dwReadSize = 0;
while (!ReadFile(hIn, bufptr, dwBlockSize, &dwReadSize, NULL))
{
DWORD dwErrNo = GetLastError();
// End of physical disk? Might need to read fewer bytes towards end of device.
if (dwErrNo == ERROR_SECTOR_NOT_FOUND &&
dwReadSize == 0 &&
dwBlockSize > 512)
{
dwBlockSize = 512;
continue;
}
// End of pipe, disk etc?
if (dwReadSize == 0 &&
(dwErrNo == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE ||
dwErrNo == ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER ||
dwErrNo == ERROR_SECTOR_NOT_FOUND))
{
break;
}
WErrMsg errmsg;
if (retries < retrycount)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Rawcopy read failure: %ws\nRetrying...\n",
(LPCWSTR)errmsg);
retries++;
Sleep(500);
continue;
}
retries = 0;
switch (bIgnoreErrors ? IDIGNORE :
MessageBox(NULL, errmsg, L"Rawcopy read failure",
MB_ABORTRETRYIGNORE | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION |
MB_DEFBUTTON2 | MB_TASKMODAL))
{
case IDABORT:
return -1;
case IDRETRY:
continue;
case IDIGNORE:
if (bVerboseMode)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring read error at block %I64u: %ws\n",
writtenblocks, (LPCWSTR)errmsg);
}
dwReadSize = dwBlockSize;
ZeroMemory(bufptr, dwReadSize);
LARGE_INTEGER newpos = { 0 };
newpos.QuadPart = bufsiz;
if (SetFilePointer(hIn, newpos.LowPart, &newpos.HighPart,
FILE_CURRENT) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER &&
GetLastError() != NO_ERROR)
{
win_perror(L"Fatal, cannot set input file pointer");
return -1;
}
}
break;
}
// Check for EOF condition
if (dwReadSize == 0)
{
if (bVerboseMode)
fputs("\r\nEnd of input.\n", stderr);
break;
}
// Check for all-zeros block and skip explicitly writing it to output
// file if "create sparse" flag is set and we are writing outside
// output file current length
bool bSkipWriteBlock = false;
if (bCreateSparse && readbytes >= existing_out_file_size.QuadPart &&
RtlCompareMemoryUlong(bufptr, dwReadSize, 0) == dwReadSize)
{
bSkipWriteBlock = true;
}
readbytes += dwReadSize;
// Check existing block in output file and skip explicitly writing it
// again if "differential" flag is set and output block is already equal
// to corresponding block in input file.
if (bDifferential && !bSkipWriteBlock)
{
DWORD dwDiffReadSize;
if (!ReadFile(hOut, diffbufptr, dwReadSize, &dwDiffReadSize, NULL))
{
win_perror(L"Error reading output file");
return -1;
}
if (dwDiffReadSize == dwReadSize)
{
LARGE_INTEGER rewind_pos = { 0 };
rewind_pos.QuadPart = -(LONGLONG)dwDiffReadSize;
if (SetFilePointer(hOut,
rewind_pos.LowPart,
&rewind_pos.HighPart,
FILE_CURRENT) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER &&
GetLastError() != NO_ERROR)
{
win_perror(L"Fatal, cannot set output file pointer");
return -1;
}
if (memcmp(bufptr, diffbufptr, dwReadSize) == 0)
{
bSkipWriteBlock = true;
}
}
}
DWORD dwWriteSize = 0;
if (bSkipWriteBlock)
{
if (bVerboseMode)
fprintf(stderr, "Skipped block %I64u\r", writtenblocks);