base58.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2014-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include <base58.h>

#include <bech32.h>
#include <hash.h>
#include <script/script.h>
#include <uint256.h>
#include <utilstrencodings.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>

std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char>> base58Prefixes;

/** All alphanumeric characters except for "0", "I", "O", and "l" */
static const char* pszBase58 = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz";

bool DecodeBase58(const char* psz, std::vector<unsigned char>& vch)
{
    // Skip leading spaces.
    while (*psz && isspace(*psz))
        psz++;
    // Skip and count leading '1's.
    int zeroes = 0;
    int length = 0;
    while (*psz == '1') {
        zeroes++;
        psz++;
    }
    // Allocate enough space in big-endian base256 representation.
    int size = strlen(psz) * 733 /1000 + 1; // log(58) / log(256), rounded up.
    std::vector<unsigned char> b256(size);
    // Process the characters.
    while (*psz && !isspace(*psz)) {
        // Decode base58 character
        const char* ch = strchr(pszBase58, *psz);
        if (ch == nullptr)
            return false;
        // Apply "b256 = b256 * 58 + ch".
        int carry = ch - pszBase58;
        int i = 0;
        for (std::vector<unsigned char>::reverse_iterator it = b256.rbegin(); (carry != 0 || i < length) && (it != b256.rend()); ++it, ++i) {
            carry += 58 * (*it);
            *it = carry % 256;
            carry /= 256;
        }
        assert(carry == 0);
        length = i;
        psz++;
    }
    // Skip trailing spaces.
    while (isspace(*psz))
        psz++;
    if (*psz != 0)
        return false;
    // Skip leading zeroes in b256.
    std::vector<unsigned char>::iterator it = b256.begin() + (size - length);
    while (it != b256.end() && *it == 0)
        it++;
    // Copy result into output vector.
    vch.reserve(zeroes + (b256.end() - it));
    vch.assign(zeroes, 0x00);
    while (it != b256.end())
        vch.push_back(*(it++));
    return true;
}

std::string EncodeBase58(const unsigned char* pbegin, const unsigned char* pend)
{
    // Skip & count leading zeroes.
    int zeroes = 0;
    int length = 0;
    while (pbegin != pend && *pbegin == 0) {
        pbegin++;
        zeroes++;
    }
    // Allocate enough space in big-endian base58 representation.
    int size = (pend - pbegin) * 138 / 100 + 1; // log(256) / log(58), rounded up.
    std::vector<unsigned char> b58(size);
    // Process the bytes.
    while (pbegin != pend) {
        int carry = *pbegin;
        int i = 0;
        // Apply "b58 = b58 * 256 + ch".
        for (std::vector<unsigned char>::reverse_iterator it = b58.rbegin(); (carry != 0 || i < length) && (it != b58.rend()); it++, i++) {
            carry += 256 * (*it);
            *it = carry % 58;
            carry /= 58;
        }

        assert(carry == 0);
        length = i;
        pbegin++;
    }
    // Skip leading zeroes in base58 result.
    std::vector<unsigned char>::iterator it = b58.begin() + (size - length);
    while (it != b58.end() && *it == 0)
        it++;
    // Translate the result into a string.
    std::string str;
    str.reserve(zeroes + (b58.end() - it));
    str.assign(zeroes, '1');
    while (it != b58.end())
        str += pszBase58[*(it++)];
    return str;
}

std::string EncodeBase58(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vch)
{
    return EncodeBase58(vch.data(), vch.data() + vch.size());
}

bool DecodeBase58(const std::string& str, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
{
    return DecodeBase58(str.c_str(), vchRet);
}

std::string EncodeBase58Check(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchIn)
{
    // add 4-byte hash check to the end
    std::vector<unsigned char> vch(vchIn);
    uint256 hash = Hash(vch.begin(), vch.end());
    vch.insert(vch.end(), (unsigned char*)&hash, (unsigned char*)&hash + 4);
    return EncodeBase58(vch);
}

bool DecodeBase58Check(const char* psz, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
{
    if (!DecodeBase58(psz, vchRet) ||
        (vchRet.size() < 4)) {
        vchRet.clear();
        return false;
    }
    // re-calculate the checksum, ensure it matches the included 4-byte checksum
    uint256 hash = Hash(vchRet.begin(), vchRet.end() - 4);
    if (memcmp(&hash, &vchRet[vchRet.size() - 4], 4) != 0) {
        vchRet.clear();
        return false;
    }
    vchRet.resize(vchRet.size() - 4);
    return true;
}

bool DecodeBase58Check(const std::string& str, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
{
    return DecodeBase58Check(str.c_str(), vchRet);
}

CBase58Data::CBase58Data()
{
    vchVersion.clear();
    vchData.clear();
}

void CBase58Data::SetData(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchVersionIn, const void* pdata, size_t nSize)
{
    vchVersion = vchVersionIn;
    vchData.resize(nSize);
    if (!vchData.empty())
        memcpy(vchData.data(), pdata, nSize);
}

void CBase58Data::SetData(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchVersionIn, const unsigned char* pbegin, const unsigned char* pend)
{
    SetData(vchVersionIn, (void*)pbegin, pend - pbegin);
}

bool CBase58Data::SetString(const char* psz, unsigned int nVersionBytes)
{
    std::vector<unsigned char> vchTemp;
    bool rc58 = DecodeBase58Check(psz, vchTemp);
    if ((!rc58) || (vchTemp.size() < nVersionBytes)) {
        vchData.clear();
        vchVersion.clear();
        return false;
    }
    vchVersion.assign(vchTemp.begin(), vchTemp.begin() + nVersionBytes);
    vchData.resize(vchTemp.size() - nVersionBytes);
    if (!vchData.empty())
        memcpy(vchData.data(), vchTemp.data() + nVersionBytes, vchData.size());
    memory_cleanse(vchTemp.data(), vchTemp.size());
    return true;
}

bool CBase58Data::SetString(const std::string& str)
{
    return SetString(str.c_str());
}

std::string CBase58Data::ToString() const
{
    std::vector<unsigned char> vch = vchVersion;
    vch.insert(vch.end(), vchData.begin(), vchData.end());
    return EncodeBase58Check(vch);
}

int CBase58Data::CompareTo(const CBase58Data& b58) const
{
    if (vchVersion < b58.vchVersion)
        return -1;
    if (vchVersion > b58.vchVersion)
        return 1;
    if (vchData < b58.vchData)
        return -1;
    if (vchData > b58.vchData)
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

// namespace
// {
// class DestinationEncoder : public boost::static_visitor<std::string>
// {
// private:
//     const CChainParams& m_params;
// 
// public:
//     DestinationEncoder(const CChainParams& params) : m_params(params) {}
// 
//     std::string operator()(const CKeyID& id) const
//     {
//         std::vector<unsigned char> data = m_params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::PUBKEY_ADDRESS);
//         data.insert(data.end(), id.begin(), id.end());
//         return EncodeBase58Check(data);
//     }
// 
//     std::string operator()(const CScriptID& id) const
//     {
//         std::vector<unsigned char> data = m_params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SCRIPT_ADDRESS);
//         data.insert(data.end(), id.begin(), id.end());
//         return EncodeBase58Check(data);
//     }
// 
//     std::string operator()(const WitnessV0KeyHash& id) const
//     {
//         std::vector<unsigned char> data = {0};
//         ConvertBits<8, 5, true>(data, id.begin(), id.end());
//         return bech32::Encode(m_params.Bech32HRP(), data);
//     }
// 
//     std::string operator()(const WitnessV0ScriptHash& id) const
//     {
//         std::vector<unsigned char> data = {0};
//         ConvertBits<8, 5, true>(data, id.begin(), id.end());
//         return bech32::Encode(m_params.Bech32HRP(), data);
//     }
// 
//     std::string operator()(const WitnessUnknown& id) const
//     {
//         if (id.version < 1 || id.version > 16 || id.length < 2 || id.length > 40) {
//             return {};
//         }
//         std::vector<unsigned char> data = {(unsigned char)id.version};
//         ConvertBits<8, 5, true>(data, id.program, id.program + id.length);
//         return bech32::Encode(m_params.Bech32HRP(), data);
//     }
// 
//     std::string operator()(const CNoDestination& no) const { return {}; }
// };
// 
// CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string& str, const CChainParams& params)
// {
//     std::vector<unsigned char> data;
//     uint160 hash;
//     if (DecodeBase58Check(str, data)) {
//         // base58-encoded Bitcoin addresses.
//         // Public-key-hash-addresses have version 0 (or 111 testnet).
//         // The data vector contains RIPEMD160(SHA256(pubkey)), where pubkey is the serialized public key.
//         const std::vector<unsigned char>& pubkey_prefix = params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::PUBKEY_ADDRESS);
//         if (data.size() == hash.size() + pubkey_prefix.size() && std::equal(pubkey_prefix.begin(), pubkey_prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
//             std::copy(data.begin() + pubkey_prefix.size(), data.end(), hash.begin());
//             return CKeyID(hash);
//         }
//         // Script-hash-addresses have version 5 (or 196 testnet).
//         // The data vector contains RIPEMD160(SHA256(cscript)), where cscript is the serialized redemption script.
//         const std::vector<unsigned char>& script_prefix = params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SCRIPT_ADDRESS);
//         if (data.size() == hash.size() + script_prefix.size() && std::equal(script_prefix.begin(), script_prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
//             std::copy(data.begin() + script_prefix.size(), data.end(), hash.begin());
//             return CScriptID(hash);
//         }
//     }
//     data.clear();
//     auto bech = bech32::Decode(str);
//     if (bech.second.size() > 0 && bech.first == params.Bech32HRP()) {
//         // Bech32 decoding
//         int version = bech.second[0]; // The first 5 bit symbol is the witness version (0-16)
//         // The rest of the symbols are converted witness program bytes.
//         if (ConvertBits<5, 8, false>(data, bech.second.begin() + 1, bech.second.end())) {
//             if (version == 0) {
//                 {
//                     WitnessV0KeyHash keyid;
//                     if (data.size() == keyid.size()) {
//                         std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), keyid.begin());
//                         return keyid;
//                     }
//                 }
//                 {
//                     WitnessV0ScriptHash scriptid;
//                     if (data.size() == scriptid.size()) {
//                         std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), scriptid.begin());
//                         return scriptid;
//                     }
//                 }
//                 return CNoDestination();
//             }
//             if (version > 16 || data.size() < 2 || data.size() > 40) {
//                 return CNoDestination();
//             }
//             WitnessUnknown unk;
//             unk.version = version;
//             std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), unk.program);
//             unk.length = data.size();
//             return unk;
//         }
//     }
//     return CNoDestination();
// }
// } // namespace
// 
// void CBitcoinSecret::SetKey(const CKey& vchSecret)
// {
//     assert(vchSecret.IsValid());
//     SetData(Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SECRET_KEY), vchSecret.begin(), vchSecret.size());
//     if (vchSecret.IsCompressed())
//         vchData.push_back(1);
// }
// 
// CKey CBitcoinSecret::GetKey()
// {
//     CKey ret;
//     assert(vchData.size() >= 32);
//     ret.Set(vchData.begin(), vchData.begin() + 32, vchData.size() > 32 && vchData[32] == 1);
//     return ret;
// }
// 
// bool CBitcoinSecret::IsValid() const
// {
//     bool fExpectedFormat = vchData.size() == 32 || (vchData.size() == 33 && vchData[32] == 1);
//     bool fCorrectVersion = vchVersion == Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SECRET_KEY);
//     return fExpectedFormat && fCorrectVersion;
// }
// 
// bool CBitcoinSecret::SetString(const char* pszSecret)
// {
//     return CBase58Data::SetString(pszSecret) && IsValid();
// }
// 
// bool CBitcoinSecret::SetString(const std::string& strSecret)
// {
//     return SetString(strSecret.c_str());
// }
// 
// std::string EncodeDestination(const CTxDestination& dest)
// {
//     return boost::apply_visitor(DestinationEncoder(Params()), dest);
// }
// 
// CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string& str)
// {
//     return DecodeDestination(str, Params());
// }
// 
// bool IsValidDestinationString(const std::string& str, const CChainParams& params)
// {
//     return IsValidDestination(DecodeDestination(str, params));
// }
// 
// bool IsValidDestinationString(const std::string& str)
// {
//     return IsValidDestinationString(str, Params());
// }