Iron and Steel Production

[TechLord22]

Details

These processing chains concern the production of Iron, Wrought Iron, and Steel.

Products

Main Product: Iron, Wrought Iron, Steel
Side Product(s):

Steps

Pig Iron

8 Limonite Dust (s) -> 5 Hematite Dust (s) + 1 Steam (g)
2FeO(OH) (s) -> Fe2O3 (s) + H2O (g)
This step can be performed in a Minecraft Furnace. For early-game purposes, it can be simplified to 2 Limonite Dust -> 1 Hematite Dust. With electricity, the full yield can be acquired with a Dryer or similar machine.

15 Hematite Dust (s) + 1 Carbon Monoxide (g) -> 14 Magnetite Dust + 1 Carbon Dioxide (g)
3Fe2O3 (s) + CO (g) -> 2Fe3O4 (s) + CO2 (g)
This step happens at temperature of 473-973K in a Blast Furnace.

7 Magnetite Dust (s) + 1 Carbon Monoxide (g) -> 6 Wustite Dust (s) + 1 Carbon Dioxide (g)
Fe3O4 (s) + CO (g) -> 3FeO (s) + CO2 (g)
This step happens at 1123K in a Blast Furnace.

2 Wustite Dust (s) + 1 Carbon Monoxide (g) -> 1 Pig Iron Ingot (s) + 1 Carbon Dioxide (g)
FeO (s) + CO (g) -> Fe (s) + CO2 (g)
This step happens at 1473K in a Blast Furnace.

Condensed Versions of these steps:
5 Hematite (s) + 3 Carbon Monoxide (g) -> 2 Pig Iron Ingot (s) + 3 Carbon Dioxide (g)
Fe2O3 (s) + 3CO (g) -> 2Fe (s) + 3CO2 (g)

7 Magnetite (s) + 4 Carbon Monoxide (g) -> 3 Pig Iron Ingot (s) + 4 Carbon Dioxide (g)
Fe3O4 (s) + 4CO (g) -> 3Fe (s) + 4CO2 (g)

1 Coal Coke (s) + 1 Oxygen (g) -> 1 Carbon Monoxide (g)
2 Charcoal (s) + 1 Oxygen (g) -> 1 Carbon Monoxide (g)
C (g) + O (g) -> CO (g)

Assuming these recipes are performed in Primitive Blast Furnaces, substitute the Carbon Monoxide with equal amounts of Coal Coke or double the amount in Charcoal. The output Carbon Dioxide should be lost due to there being no capturing system in PBFs.

Optionally, each of these PBF recipes can input one Calcite Dust as well. Marble and Limestone should be smeltable into Calcite.

Minecraft Iron

Minecraft Iron has a strange place to fit into with the iron varieties. Smelting Pig Iron Ingots into Minecraft Iron Ingots should serve as an adequate refinement step for early on in progression.

In an Electric Blast Furnace, Direct-Reduced Iron can be produced. DRI can also use Hydrogen instead of Carbon Monoxide for environmental purposes.

5 Hematite (s) + 3 Oxygen (g) + 3 Carbon (s) -> 2 Iron Ingot (s) + 3 Carbon Dioxide (g)
Fe2O3 (s) + 3O (g) + 3C (s) -> 2Fe (s) + 3CO2 (g)
5 Hematite (s) + 6 Hydrogen (g) -> 2 Iron Ingot (s) + 3 Steam (g)
Fe2O3 (s) + 6H (s) -> 2Fe (s) + 3H2O (g)

7 Magnetite (s) + 4 Oxygen (g) + 4 Carbon (s) -> 3 Iron Ingot (s) + 4 Carbon Dioxide (g)
Fe3O4 (s) + 4O (g) + 4C (s) -> 3Fe (s) + 4CO2 (g)
7 Magnetite (s) + 8 Hydrogen (g) -> 3 Iron Ingot (s) + 4 Steam (g)
Fe3O4 (s) + 8H (g) -> 3Fe (s) + 4H2O (g)

2 Wustite Dust (s) + 1 Oxygen (g) + 1 Carbon (s) -> 1 Iron Ingot (s) + 1 Carbon Dioxide (g)
FeO (s) + O (g) + C (s) -> Fe (s) + CO2 (g)
2 Wustite Dust (s) + 2 Hydrogen (g) -> 1 Iron Ingot (s) + 1 Steam (g)
FeO (s) + 2H (g) -> Fe (s) + H2O (g)

Wrought Iron

Wrought Iron is produced by hammering out impurities from Pig Iron. A recipe for this could be a GregTech Hammer or Forge Hammer crafted with a Pig Iron Chunk, to produce a Wrought Iron Chunk.

With Electricity, a better method of producing Wrought Iron is available from base GregTech CEu: Minecraft Iron and Oxygen in an Arc Furnace.

Steel

1 Pig Iron Ingot + 1 Coal Coke -> 1 Steel Ingot
1 Pig Iron Ingot + 2 Charcoal -> 1 Steel Ingot

This step is performed in a Bessemer Converter. This would be a multiblock, lined with Sandstone, and is used to convert Pig Iron into Steel.

With Electricity, a Direct-Current Electric Arc Furnace is used. It uses one large Graphite Electrode to turn Minecraft Iron Ingots/Dust into Steel Ingots.

Yield

The standard yield for decomposing the input dusts is used.
7 Magnetite -> 3 Iron Ingots
5 Hematite -> 2 Iron Ingots
4 Limonite -> 1 Iron Ingot
2 Wustite -> 1 Iron Ingot

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_ore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_furnace
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(III)_oxide-hydroxide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessemer_process
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduced_iron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(III)_oxide-hydroxide