bl-user-setup

#!/bin/bash
#
#    bl-user-setup: a script to populate a new user's HOME directory
#    using template files from /usr/share/bunsen/skel/
#    Copyright: 2015-2021 John Crawley <john@bunsenlabs.org>
#               2019      Johan Malm <jgm323@gmail.com>
#
#    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#    (at your option) any later version.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

HELP="bl-user-setup is a script to populate a new user's HOME directory
using files from /usr/share/bunsen/skel

Usage:  bl-user-setup [-h|--help][--force|--yes][--reset][-v|--verbose]

This script is run non-interactively on a user's first login,
and on subsequent logins to check for new default configurations
in /usr/share/bunsen/skel that may have come from a package upgrade.
User set configurations will not be modified without permission.

It can also be run manually with custom options.
The most common manual use case is to run with no options,
in which case the algorithm described below is followed,
except that users will also be consulted in cases 3) and 4).

In all cases backups will be made of any files which are overwritten.

A log is made at HOME/.cache/bunsen/bl-setup/log

Options:
-h --help
    Show this message and exit.
--force --yes
    Assume all prompts answered 'Yes'.
--reset
    Restore all files to the default state in /usr/share/bunsen/skel,
    but ask user before overwriting files.
    (Add --force or --yes to skip confirmations.)
--refresh
    Follow default behaviour, as with no options passed.
    (This is kept only for backward compatibility.)
-v --verbose
    Send more information to log file and terminal.

The following two options are not usually of interest to users:

--auto
    This is run on each user login.
    Do a quick check for any change to skel contents,
    exit if there is nothing new, or if there are changes
    ask the user for permission to apply the algorithm below.
--install
    Implies --force.
    Run non-interactive file import only on first login.

*ALGORITHM*
For --auto operation:

Compare the contents of /usr/share/bunsen/skel (here called 'skel')
with the contents on the previous run of this script.
If there has been no change, exit immediately.

If there is new content:

1) Copy in any new directories.

2) Copy in any new symlinks, if they do not already exist (no overwrites).

3) Copy in any new files.

4) If file in skel has changed, and user's file is still in default state,
silently update file.

5) If skel file and user file have both changed (or user has removed file),
ask user for instructions.

6) If a file has been removed from skel, do not remove it from HOME.
"

readonly USER=${USER}

readonly TARGETDIR="${HOME}"
readonly skeldir="/usr/share/bunsen/skel"
readonly confdir="${HOME}/.config/bunsen"
readonly datadir="${HOME}/.local/share/bunsen/bl-setup"
readonly cachedir="${HOME}/.cache/bunsen/bl-setup"

readonly flagfile="$confdir/bl-setup"
readonly logfile="$cachedir/log"

########################################

main() {
    # if help option anywhere in args, output $HELP and exit immediately
    for i in "$@"
    do
        case "$i" in
        -h|--help)
            printf '%b\n' "$HELP"
            exit 0
            ;;
        esac
    done

    logged=f
    args="$*"

    pre_checks

    BL_COMMON_LIBDIR='/usr/lib/bunsen/common'
    if ! . "$BL_COMMON_LIBDIR/yad-includes" 2> /dev/null; then
        die "Failed to locate yad-includes in $BL_COMMON_LIBDIR"
    fi
    yad_common_args+=('--title=BunsenLabs User Setup' '--buttons-layout=spread')

    mkdir -p "$TARGETDIR" "$confdir" "$cachedir" "$datadir"

    # move any stored local skel data to new location
    for i in "$cachedir"/skel{.dirs,.files,.links,sum}
    do
    [[ -f "$i" ]] || continue
    if [[ -f "${datadir}/${i##*/}" ]]
    then
        log "removing old file ${i##*/} from $cachedir, already in $datadir"
    else
        log "found ${i##*/} in ${cachedir}, moving to $datadir"
        mv --no-clobber "$i" "$datadir" || die "Failed to move $i from $cachedir to $datadir"
    fi
    rm -f "$i"
    done

    g_force=f
    g_reset=f
    g_auto=f
    g_verbose=f
    g_install=f
    have_filecache=f

    wholeskelsum=$( tar --mtime='@0' -cf - -C "${skeldir%/*}" "${skeldir##*/}" | md5sum )
    wholeskelsum=${wholeskelsum%% *}

    for opt in "$@"
    do
        case "$opt" in
        --install)
            [[ -f "$flagfile" ]] && exit 0
            g_force=t
            g_install=t
            ;;
        --auto)
            g_auto=t
            check_skel_sum
            ;;
        ''|--refresh)
            :
            ;;
        --force|--yes)
            g_force=t
            ;;
        --reset)
            g_reset=t
            ;;
        -v|--verbose)
            g_verbose=t
            ;;
        -h|--help)
            printf '%b\n' "$HELP"
            exit 0
            ;;
        *)
            die "$1 is not a valid option"
            ;;
        esac
    done

    bkp_sfx=".$(date +"%Y%m%d-%H%M%S").usersetup~"

    check_skel_contents

    copy_dirs
    copy_links
    copy_files

    echo "Do not delete this file.

If it is not present, the import of config files from $skeldir
will be repeated, overwriting any user modifications.
(However, backups will be made of overwritten files.)" > "$flagfile"

    # Update record of skel checksum if script finishes with no errors
    echo "$wholeskelsum" > "$datadir/skelsum"
}

##############

log() {
    local msg=
    if [[ $logged = f ]]
    then
        msg="############
Running $0 $args at $(date)
$*"
    else
        msg="$*"
    fi
    echo "$msg" >> "$logfile"
    [[ -t 1 && $g_verbose = t ]] && {
        printf '\033[32m=>\033[m %s\n' "$msg"
    }
    logged=t
}

notify() {
    if [[ -t 1 ]]
    then
        echo "$*"
    elif [[ $g_install = f ]]
    then
        notify-send -t 20000 'user-setup' "$*"
    fi
}

die() {
    log "ERROR: $*"
    printf '%b\n' "$0: ERROR: $*" >&2
    [[ -t 1 ]] || {
        local msg="<b>User Setup</b>

ERROR: $*"
        yad_error "$msg"
    }
    exit 1
}

# Any extra aguments (eg relabelled buttons) will be passed to yad_question.
# They will be ignored if on a terminal.
ask_yesno() {
    local message="$1"
    shift 1
    if [[ -t 0 && -t 1 ]] # on terminal
    then
        echo $'\n'"$message"
        while true
        do
            echo "y: Yes
n: No
(Default is Yes.)"
            read -r -p 'Y/n: '
            case "${REPLY^}" in
            Y|'') return 0;;
            N) return 1;;
            esac
        done
    else
        msg="<b>User Setup</b>

$message"
        yad_question  "$msg" "$@"
    fi
}

# compare 2 files, opening new terminal window if needed
# If --title is passed it will be used as title of a new terminal (if opened).
# Usage: differ [--title] firstfile secondfile
differ () {
    local title firstfile secondfile gui diffcmd
    if [[ $1 = '--title' ]]
    then
        title=$2
        shift 2
    fi
    firstfile=$1
    secondfile=$2
    # if a GUI diff is available, use that instead
    for gui in meld kompare diffuse
    do
        hash "$gui" 2>/dev/null && {
            "$gui" "$firstfile" "$secondfile" &
            return
        }
    done
    diffcmd=(colordiff -s -u)
    type colordiff >/dev/null || diffcmd=(diff -s -u)
    diffcmd+=("$firstfile" "$secondfile")
    if [[ -t 0 && -t 1 ]] # on terminal
    then
        "${diffcmd[@]}"
    else
        local termname termcmd
        [[ -n $title ]] || title="Diff of $firstfile and $secondfile"
        termname=$( readlink -f "$( which x-terminal-emulator )" )
        termname=${termname##*/}
        badterm_msg="$0: cannot display file diff with new window ${termname}."
        case $termname # cope with terminal inconsistencies
        in
            lxterminal)
                termcmd=(lxterminal --no-remote -T "$title" -e) # otherwise lxterminal does not start a new process
                ;;
            mate-terminal.wrapper)
                termcmd=(mate-terminal --disable-factory -t "$title" -x) # mate-terminal.wrapper does not support --disable-factory
                ;;
            gnome-terminal.wrapper)
                termcmd=(gnome-terminal --wait -t "$title" --) # gnome-terminal.wrapper does not support --wait
                ;;
            tilix.wrapper)
                termcmd=(tilix --new-process -t "$title" -e) # tilix.wrapper does not support --new-process
                ;;
            qterminal|terminology)
                echo "$badterm_msg" >&2
                return 1
                ;;
            *)
                termcmd=(x-terminal-emulator -T "$title" -e) # the normal case
                ;;
        esac

        "${termcmd[@]}" bash -c '"$@"; echo -e "\nPress any key to close"; read -srn1' _ "${diffcmd[@]}"
    fi
}

cleantmp() {
    [[ -d $tmpdir && $tmpdir = /tmp/* ]] && rm -rf "$tmpdir"
}

# pass file in skel which has changed
ask_overwrite() {
    local skelfile targetfile name tmpdir tmpsrc msg ret
    skelfile=$1
    name=${skelfile#${skeldir}/}
    name=${name%.template}
    targetfile=${TARGETDIR}/${name}
    name='~/'$name # for display to user
    if [[ $skelfile = *.template ]]
    then
        tmpdir=$( mktemp -d )
        tmpsrc=${tmpdir}/${skelfile#${skeldir}/}
        tmpsrc=${tmpsrc%.template}
        mkdir -p "${tmpsrc%/*}"
        sed "s|%USERHOME%|$HOME|g" "$skelfile" > "$tmpsrc"
        skelfile=$tmpsrc
    fi
    if [[ -t 0 && -t 1 ]] # on terminal
    then
        local dflt=1
        local prompt='y/N/a/s/d: '
        case $overwrite_dflt in
        Yes)
            dflt=0
            prompt='Y/n/a/s/d: '
            ;;
        esac

        echo $'\n'"$overwrite_msg1
${name}
$overwrite_msg2"

        msg="y: ${overwrite_yesname}
n: Skip this one
a: Do all
s: Skip all
d: View difference
(Default is '${overwrite_dflt}'.)"
        while true
        do
            echo "$msg"
            read -r -p "$prompt"
            case "${REPLY^}" in
            '') cleantmp; return $dflt;;
            Y) cleantmp; return 0;;
            N) cleantmp; return 1;;
            A) cleantmp; return 2;;
            S) cleantmp; return 3;;
            D) differ "$targetfile" "$skelfile";;
            esac
        done
    else
        difftitle="Diff of $name in HOME and skel"
        msg="<b>User Setup</b>

$overwrite_msg1
<b>${name}</b>
$overwrite_msg2
"

# Meld is very slow to return the prompt after being closed, so in the function differ()
# it is forked so user does not have to wait for the popup to reappear.
# This makes the popup annoyingly get in front of meld while comparing two files
# unless the yad --on-top option (set in yad-includes) is cancelled:
        while true
        do
            yad_question "$msg" --on-top=0 --button="${overwrite_yesname}":0 --button='Skip':1 --button='Do All':2 --button='Skip All':3 --button='View Diff':4
            ret=$?
            case $ret in
            0|1|2|3)
                cleantmp; return $ret;;
            4) differ --title "$difftitle" "$targetfile" "$skelfile";;
            esac
        done
    fi
}

##############

pre_checks () {
    # Do not apply BL configs to the root account.
    (( $(id -u) == 0 )) && die "USER is root, abort"

    # Check for the user home directory
    [[ -d "$HOME" ]] || die "User home directory <${HOME}> is not set or not a directory."

    # Check for the target directory (set to $HOME except for testing)
    [[ -d "$TARGETDIR" ]] || die "Target directory <${TARGETDIR}> is not set or not a directory."

    # Check for source (skel) directory
    [[ -d "$skeldir" ]] || die "Source directory <${skeldir}> is not set or not a directory."
}

check_skel_sum() {
    if [[ -f $datadir/skelsum ]]
    then
        # If skel directory unchanged since last run, exit.
        [[ $wholeskelsum = $( <"$datadir/skelsum" ) ]] && exit 0
        log "Config files in skel changed, consulting user about import."
        ask_yesno "Some config files may have been updated in a recent package upgrade.
Would you like to import these changes into your HOME directory?
(Files you have edited will not be overwritten without permission.)

You also have the option of running 'bl-user-setup' at a later time.
" '--button=Not Now:1'
        [[ $? = 1 ]] && {
            log "User declined a config file update."
            echo "$wholeskelsum" > "$datadir/skelsum" # so user doesn't get repeated prompts
            exit 0
        }
    else
        log "Offering to build local data cache..."
        ask_yesno "bl-user-setup has detected that you do do not yet have stored data
so cannot check if the BunsenLabs default config files have changed.
For each file, you will be asked if you want to use the default version,
or keep your current file (if it is different).
New files will be silently imported.

This check will not need to be repeated, but if you prefer, you can
run 'bl-user-setup --help' at any time later to see the available options.

Check files now?"
        [[ $? = 1 ]] && {
            log "No skel md5sum data file found, but user declined a config file check."
            echo "$wholeskelsum" > "$datadir/skelsum" # so user doesn't get repeated prompts
            exit 0
        }
    fi
}

# Directories and links will only be added to the "to_copy" lists
# if they are new arrivals in skeldir.
#
# Files will also be added if the md5sum has changed.
check_skel_contents() {
    dirs_to_copy=()
    mapfile -t new_skel_dirs < <( find "$skeldir" -mindepth 1 -type d )
    if [[ -f $datadir/skel.dirs && $g_reset = f ]]
    then
        mapfile -t old_skel_dirs < "$datadir/skel.dirs"
        mapfile -t dirs_to_copy < <(comm -13 <(printf '%s\n' "${old_skel_dirs[@]}" | sort) <(printf '%s\n' "${new_skel_dirs[@]}" | sort))
    else
        dirs_to_copy=("${new_skel_dirs[@]}")
    fi

    links_to_copy=()
    mapfile -t new_skel_links < <( find "$skeldir" -type l )
    if [[ -f $datadir/skel.links && $g_reset = f ]]
    then
        mapfile -t old_skel_links < "$datadir/skel.links"
        mapfile -t links_to_copy < <(comm -13 <(printf '%s\n' "${old_skel_links[@]}" | sort) <(printf '%s\n' "${new_skel_links[@]}" | sort))
    else
        links_to_copy=("${new_skel_links[@]}")
    fi

    files_to_copy=()
    declare -Ag new_skel_files old_skel_files
    while read -r sum file # assuming no files in skel have linebreaks in names (spaces are OK)
    do
        new_skel_files[$file]="$sum"
    done < <( find "$skeldir" -type f -exec md5sum '{}' '+' )
    [[ -f $datadir/skel.files ]] && have_filecache=t
    if [[ $have_filecache = t && $g_reset = f ]]
    then
        while read -r sum file
        do
            old_skel_files[$file]="$sum"
        done < "$datadir/skel.files"
        for i in "${!new_skel_files[@]}"
        do
            [[ "${new_skel_files[$i]}" = "${old_skel_files[$i]}" ]] && continue
            files_to_copy+=("$i")
        done
    else
        files_to_copy=("${!new_skel_files[@]}")
    fi

    if [[ ${#files_to_copy[@]} = 0 && ${#dirs_to_copy[@]} = 0 && ${#links_to_copy[@]} = 0 ]]
    then
        log "The contents of $skeldir have not changed."
        notify 'No files need to be changed'
    fi
}

copy_dirs() {
    for dir in "${dirs_to_copy[@]}"
    do
        destdir="$TARGETDIR/${dir#$skeldir/}"
        [[ -d $destdir ]] && continue
        log "Making new directory $destdir"
        mkdir -p "$destdir" || die "Unable to create directory $destdir"
        notify "Made new directory $destdir"
    done
    # Update data after copying directories
    printf '%s\n' "${new_skel_dirs[@]}" > "$datadir/skel.dirs"
}

copy_links() {
    for link in "${links_to_copy[@]}"
    do
        destlink="$TARGETDIR/${link#$skeldir/}"
        if [[ -e $destlink ]]
        then
            log "$destlink exists: not importing symlink."
        else
            log "Making new symlink $destlink"
            cp --no-dereference "$link" "$destlink" || die "Unable to import symlink $destlink"
            log "( $destlink points to $( readlink -n "$destlink" ) )"
            notify "Made new symlink $destlink pointing to $( readlink -n "$destlink" )"
        fi
    done
    # Update data after copying links
    printf '%s\n' "${new_skel_links[@]}" > "$datadir/skel.links"
}

# Check if an identical backed-up file already exists, and if so,
# return 1, otherwise return 0 (do backup).
need_backup(){
    local file bkp_file
    file=$1
    for bkp_file in "${file}"*~
    do
        [[ -f $bkp_file ]] || continue
        cmp "$file" "$bkp_file" >/dev/null 2>&1 && {
            log "$file already has identical copy ${bkp_file}, no need to backup"
            return 1
        }
    done
    return 0
}

copy_file() {
    local src dest
    src=$1
    dest=$2
    dest=${dest%.template} # if dest has .template ending, remove it
    if [[ -e "${dest}" ]]
    then
        if need_backup "$dest"
        then
            log "Overwriting ${dest}, backing up old file as ${dest}${bkp_sfx}"
            mv "${dest}" "${dest}${bkp_sfx}" || die "Unable to backup ${dest}"
        else
            log "Overwriting ${dest}, identical backup already exists."
        fi
    else
        log "Importing new file ${dest}"
    fi
    if [[ $src = *.template ]]
    then
        sed "s|%USERHOME%|$HOME|g" "$src" > "$dest" || die "Unable to import $dest"
    else
        cp "$src" "$dest" || die "Unable to import $dest"
    fi
}

copy_files() {
    for file in "${files_to_copy[@]}"
    do
        destfile="$TARGETDIR/${file#$skeldir/}"

        cachesum=0
        if [[ $have_filecache = t ]]
        then
            cachesum=${old_skel_files[$file]:-0}
        fi

        skelsum=${new_skel_files[$file]:-0}
        [[ $skelsum = 0 ]] && die "$file not found in $skeldir"

        usersum=0
        if [[ -f $destfile ]]
        then
            usersum=$(md5sum "$destfile")
            usersum=${usersum%% *}
        elif [[ -f "${destfile%.template}" ]]
        then # reverse sed to get md5sum of original template file
            usersum=$( sed "s|$HOME|%USERHOME%|g" "${destfile%.template}" | md5sum )
            usersum=${usersum%% *}
        fi

        [[ $usersum = "$skelsum" ]] && continue # files are identical

        if [[ $g_force = t ]]
        then
            copy_file "$file" "$destfile" # copy_file handles templates too
            continue
        fi

        overwrite_dflt='Skip this one'
        overwrite_yesname='Overwrite'
        if [[ $have_filecache = t ]]
        then
            if [[ $cachesum = 0 && $usersum = 0 ]] # new file from skel
            then
                if [[ $g_auto = t ]]
                then
                    log "New file: $file, copying"
                    copy_file "$file" "$destfile"
                    notify "Imported new file ${destfile#$TARGETDIR/}"
                    continue
                else
                    log "New file: set default 'Yes'"
                    overwrite_msg1='There is a new config file:'
                    overwrite_msg2='Import this file?'
                    overwrite_yesname='Import'
                    overwrite_dflt='Yes'
                fi
            elif [[ ${cachesum} = "${usersum}" ]] # user has not modified file
            then
                if [[ $g_auto = t ]]
                then
                    log "User file ${destfile%.template} unchanged from default, copying new file."
                    copy_file "$file" "$destfile"
                    notify "Updated file ${destfile#$TARGETDIR/}"
                    continue
                else
                    log "User file ${destfile%.template} unchanged: set default 'Yes'"
                    overwrite_msg1='You have not edited this file:'
                    overwrite_msg2='But there is a new version available.
Overwrite with the new version?'
                    overwrite_dflt='Yes'
                fi
            else
                log "User has modified or removed ${destfile%.template}."
                overwrite_msg1='You have modified or removed this file:'
                overwrite_msg2='Overwrite with the new version?'
            fi
        else # (cannot test for unmodified file without local data, only for new file)
            if [[ ! -e "$destfile" ]] # new file from skel
            then
                if [[ $g_auto = t ]]
                then
                    log "New file: $file, copying"
                    copy_file "$file" "$destfile"
                    notify "Imported new file ${destfile#$TARGETDIR/}"
                    continue
                else
                    log "No data: need to confirm user choice about ${destfile%.template}."
                    log "New file: set default 'Yes'"
                    overwrite_dflt='Yes'
                    overwrite_msg1='The BL default skel directory has this new file:'
                    overwrite_msg2='Import the BL version?'
                    overwrite_yesname='Import'
                fi
            else
                log "No data: need to confirm user choice about ${destfile%.template}."
                overwrite_msg1='This BL default file is different from yours:'
                overwrite_msg2='Import the BL default version?'
                overwrite_yesname='Import'
            fi
        fi

        ask_overwrite "$file"
        case $? in
        0)
            copy_file "$file" "$destfile" # copy_file handles templates too
            ;;
        1)
            log "Not overwriting ${destfile%.template}"
            ;;
        2)
            copy_file "$file" "$destfile"
            g_force=t
            ;;
        3)
            break
            ;;
        esac
    done
    # Update local data after copying files
    for i in "${!new_skel_files[@]}"
    do
        printf '%s  %s\n' "${new_skel_files[$i]}" "$i"
    done > "$datadir/skel.files"
}

main "$@"