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    <title>Everyone Has a Story</title>
    <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/</link>
    <description>Recent content on Everyone Has a Story</description>
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    <language>en</language>
    <managingEditor>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</managingEditor>
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    <item>
      <title>About</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/about/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 20 Jun 2015 14:02:37 +0200</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/about/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;My name is Bhavesh S. Gupta, and I am currently working as a Sr. Software Engineer at &lt;a href=&#34;https://Investisdigital.com&#34;&gt;InvestisDigital&lt;/a&gt;. I am passionate about using technology to make people&amp;rsquo;s lives better, and I believe that OpenSource technology is the key to achieving this goal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Programming has always been a hobby of mine, and I have always loved the challenge of solving complex problems with code. As a Full Stack Engineer, I have had the opportunity to work with a wide range of technologies, including NodeJS, ReactJS, MonogoDB, Redis, DocumentDB, DRUPAL CMS, StencilJS (Web components), Python, HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, and JQuery.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Despite my experience, I am always learning and trying to improve my skills as a developer. I believe that staying up-to-date with the latest languages and technologies is essential in this field. Whenever I get the chance, I try my hand at learning new languages and technologies, as I believe this helps me become a better engineer.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Through this website, I hope to share my experiences and insights with others who share my passion for technology. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced programmer, I hope you will find something of value here. Thank you for visiting, and I look forward to sharing more with you!&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Samsung Galaxy Watch4 Classic LTE &amp; Galaxy S20 FE 5G: The Ultimate Combo for Tech Enthusiasts</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/samsung-galaxy-s20/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Apr 2023 01:45:46 +0000</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/samsung-galaxy-s20/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;If you&amp;rsquo;re a tech enthusiast looking for the perfect combination of a smartphone and a wearable, look no further than the Samsung Galaxy Watch4 Classic LTE and Galaxy S20 FE 5G combo. This dynamic duo provides all the features you need to stay connected, fit, and up-to-date with the latest technology trends.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Let&amp;rsquo;s start with the Galaxy S20 FE 5G. This smartphone is 5G ready, powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 865 Octa-Core processor, and comes with 8GB RAM and 128GB internal memory, expandable up to 1TB. It runs on the Android 11.0 operating system and has dual SIM capabilities, making it perfect for the frequent traveler or someone who needs to stay connected on multiple networks.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Galaxy S20 FE 5G also boasts a triple rear camera setup, including a 12MP (Dual Pixel) OIS F1.8 wide rear camera, an 8MP OIS tele camera, and a 12MP ultra-wide camera. It has a 30X space zoom, single take, and night mode features, as well as a 32MP F2.2 front punch-hole camera. The 6.5-inch Infinity-O Super AMOLED display with a 120Hz refresh rate and 1080 x 2400 (FHD+) resolution is perfect for streaming movies or browsing the web.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Galaxy S20 FE 5G is also equipped with a 4500 mAh battery with super-fast charging and fast wireless charging, as well as a fingerprint sensor for added security. It&amp;rsquo;s IP68 rated, has a microSD card slot (expandable up to 1 TB), a dual nano-SIM, hybrid SIM slot, and is 5G+5G dual stand-by capable.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now, let&amp;rsquo;s move on to the Galaxy Watch4 Classic LTE. This wearable is only compatible with Android smartphones and runs on Wear OS powered by Samsung. It features a bioelectrical impedance analysis sensor for body composition analysis, as well as an optical heart rate sensor. With advanced sleep analysis and women&amp;rsquo;s health monitoring features, the Galaxy Watch4 is perfect for fitness enthusiasts or anyone looking to monitor their health.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The enhanced fitness tracking lets you track 90+ workouts, and the enriched app availability and connectivity with Wear OS powered by Samsung make it easy to stay on top of your fitness goals. The Galaxy Watch4 has a typical usage time of up to 40 hours, and it comes with a watch strap and wireless charger for added convenience.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Samsung Galaxy Watch4 Classic LTE &amp;amp; Galaxy S20 FE 5G combo is the perfect choice for tech enthusiasts who want the latest in smartphone and wearable technology. With no-cost EMI and additional exchange offers available on Amazon, it&amp;rsquo;s never been easier to upgrade your tech game.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases made through the affiliate link: &lt;a href=&#34;https://amzn.to/3U8YFrs&#34;&gt;https://amzn.to/3U8YFrs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      
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    <item>
      <title>Resignation Etiquette</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/resignation-etiqutte/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 2021 20:50:32 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/resignation-etiqutte/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;One follow etiquette about several things in life but rarely people talk about resignation etiquette.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Internet is one of those tool in the world which is boon and curse to people depending upon how you use it. It is great tool to get different perspectives over any problems by reading, listening and watching. Recently I have been reading about Resignation etiquette, after reading I decided to write down my thoughts on it, such that it could be helpful to someone.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;shortcode-notice note&#34;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&#34;shortcode-notice-title note&#34;&gt;
      note&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class=&#34;notice-content&#34;&gt;PS: I am still a very novice writer so there are can be profound mistake here. I am still learning sill growing. You may or may not agree with what I say here please don&amp;rsquo;t take me wrong.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;standard-time&#34;&gt;Standard time&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I feel in corporate world two weeks is the standard time for any course of action. In this time frame, management can  meet and talk about all general affairs, people&amp;rsquo;s management, decision about promotion/demotion. So for any action you should give at-least two weeks of time, rest depends upon your situation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;discussing-problem-with-yourmanagerlinemanagermdceo&#34;&gt;Discussing problem with your manager/line manager/MD/CEO&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are times people resign due to some small problems like designation, salary, type of work or such small things which are easily solvable from management. In this case it is always better to discuss these before giving resignation, after talking if the solution can not be achieve in standard time then you can go ahead with your resignation. But you should not give resignation without dicussing this smaller issue. Sometime it is right time to move to another company for your own goals and everything if thats the case it is okay to go ahead.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;your-manager-should-not-be-surprise-with-your-official-resignation-mail&#34;&gt;Your manager should not be surprise with your official resignation mail&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Your immediate manager should not be surprise with your resignation mail. It is good practice to inform them informally once before sending it. What ever your relation would be they are still your manager and they should be informed informally.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;once-you-have-send-resignation-you-should-not-take-it-back&#34;&gt;Once you have send resignation you should not take it back&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As it is said you should be a person of your word. You should not take back your resignation. If you are in an environment where the things you deserve or desire or problems you are solved after putting resignation then you should leave that place asap if someone can&amp;rsquo;t recognized your efforts while discussing it, they would continue to do so in future as well.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;do-not-let-your-friendscolleague-know-that-you-have-resigned-un-till-it-is-officially-declared&#34;&gt;Do not let your friends/colleague know that you have resigned un-till it is officially declared&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I am still skeptical about this but it feels after official when you have given resignation you should not talk with friends. Usually this is open topic and eventually everyone knows. When people start knowing about the it then you can inform your close colleague.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;shortcode-notice note&#34;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&#34;shortcode-notice-title note&#34;&gt;
      note&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class=&#34;notice-content&#34;&gt;PS: Usually your friends from office are someone who would know about this but your close colleague wont.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;do-give-notice-when-possible&#34;&gt;Do Give Notice When Possible&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Normally every company has their own notice period policy. It ranges from 1 to 3 months in India. Ideally you should serve atleast 2 weeks of notice period or it depends upon your company policy. There is always or in most cases a point in your job description about early release by paying some financial loss to your company this is usually related to your salary.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you feel leaving early is something that cannot be avoided then you should go with that option.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;do-not-leave-with-hate&#34;&gt;Do not leave with hate&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;People tend to live company with hate, fights and bad words which is last thing you want to do where you have worked for so long. It is always good to leave on happy face, you should not complain about a person, manager or company itself find a polite words for the words you want to say.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;delete-all-personal-filesemails-from-your-office-pclaptop&#34;&gt;Delete all personal files/emails from your office pc/laptop&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ideally in your office pc there should not be anything personal but over time when you have been a place for long term some things make space in your office pc. You should clear/delete all these before giving notice. Sometime this happens where a company would ask you to leave on same day when you give your resignation. You should be ready for that, In such situation what ever you are feeling you should leave with happy face.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Last but not the least, do not burn bridges. You may never know with whom you may work again in life so it is better to always end on positive note&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>The Coin Weight Problem</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/the-coin-weight-problem/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Feb 2021 11:06:14 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/the-coin-weight-problem/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;The problem resolves around find which of the coin is uneven in weight of all other coins. Suppose there are around 8 coin out of them one is heavy/light then others and we have one scale where we can compare two things&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This is an interesting another problem which I had found while dicussing with &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.linkedin.com/in/vatsalsura/&#34;&gt;Vatsal&lt;/a&gt; a friend of mine, which was asked in his interview for some company.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Suppose out of eight we know that one of them is of higher weight then others. The simplest way to achieve the solution for this problem would be doing a binary search like approach where you would divide in two equal half check which side is higher then again divde in two equal half and then look for higher side where you can reach finally to a conclusion on which coin is higher&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Same approach can be taken when one of coin is lighter then others. For eight coin it would take atleast 3 round for above solution.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;88889888&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;   /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9888&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;98&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;88&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;88887888&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;   /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;7888&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;78&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;88&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now to optimize the solution we can look into another approach. Here as in above we are sure that one of the coin is higher in weight then others. In this case we can do something like this. We can take two coin aside and equally divide rest 6 coins. Then we can compare three with other three. If weight of one of side is higher then we can discard all other coin then this three as we are aware that only one coin is of higher weight then other. Now we have three coins left. We can weight two of them, if one of side is higher then we have found then coin. If both are equal then the one which we didnt weigh is coin with higher weight.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Other secenario could be where when we had compare 3 - 3 coins on each side they would have been of equal weigh. In that case we can weigh left two coins and get which one is higher.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
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&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
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&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;898888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;88&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;898&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;888&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;/&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;  
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
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&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;889888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;88&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;889&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;888&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;/&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;  
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
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&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;888888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;98&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;888&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;98&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        /&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In above solution we have optimized it further such that instead of three operation we are doing just two opertation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The intresting problem here would be when we would not be aware whether a coin is lighter or heavier. In that case how we can optimize it. Whose solution we can try to find may in another blog post.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>The Fizzbuzz Problem 2</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/the-fizzbuzz-problem-2/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Feb 2021 08:56:01 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/the-fizzbuzz-problem-2/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;Last time I had stopped optimizing this the problem more because we were having a discussion where string concatination is a costly opperation. So yesterday I was talking with Nishchay how can about the previous blog and other things at that point we started on optimizing this further avoiding string contactination as well.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Competetive programming, this is optimize even further, where % modulo operation is replaced by addtion and subtraction. This approach is also dicussed in same video which was shared in previous post.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;; number&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;) {outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;;c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;) {outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;;c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(outcome) console.log(outcome)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; console.log(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;) :
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;) :
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;buzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;) : &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(outcome)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;While discussion this approach, with Vijay and Anup there was discussion that string contactination is costly operation compared to modulo. And instead of going above approach last approach to the problem was much better.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So yesterday I and Nishchay were dicussing this problem and working on a solution where we could avoid string contactination as well. While doing I tried to combine all of the example from previous post and come up with something as below&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;; number&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt; c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;) {console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizzbuzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;);c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;;c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;){ console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;); c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;){ console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;); c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; console.log(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-9&#34;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c3&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c5&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizzbuzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;buzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;While dicussing Nishchay pointed out that in this solution also we incrementing three times why not try to lower number of increments and addition and make it further optimize. Then we come up the below solution.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;; number&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;){
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c3){
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizzbuzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  } &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c3){
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  } &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c5){
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  } &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; console.log(number);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;) :
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c5) :
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizzbuzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c3) : 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      c3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; c5):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;buzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      c5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;A small problem with task to optimize it help me to write two blog post :D. If we find more better approach then there might be a third post to cover that :D.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>The Fizzbuzz Problem</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/the-fizzbuzz-problem/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2021 16:42:25 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/the-fizzbuzz-problem/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;Recently I have been giving few interviews and I have faced this problem twice or thrice I guess where an interviewer asks me this problem.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The essence of problem goes like this, the task is to print 1 to N (In most cases N is 100), where if number is divisible by 3 you would print fizz, if its divisible by 5 you would print buzz, if its divisible by both then print fizzbuzz.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lets see output when N is let say 15:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;fizz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;buzz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;fizz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;fizz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;buzz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;fizz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;fizzbuzz
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The problem seems very simple in nature but it is an interesting problem to try when you are learning a new language. As I have been giving interviews in Javascript and python I would try to put of solution in both language.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;PS: Here I am considering N to be 100 ;)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;; number&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizzbuzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; console.log(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizzbuzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;buzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Above solution are correct, but if we see it from optimizing prospective then it is not optimize. We are doing same operation multiple times i.e. we are taking modulo of 3 and 5 twice, first in common case then again in else if cases.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;First step towards optimizing it could be as follows&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;; number&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; modulo3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; modulo5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(modulo3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt; modulo5) console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizzbuzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(modulo3) console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(modulo5) console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; console.log(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  modulo3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  modulo5 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(modulo3 &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; modulo5): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizzbuzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(modulo3): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;(modulo5): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;buzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;How above approach is more optimize then previous one can be said by,
In previous approach lets say number is 5, then there would 3 modulo operation would be runnning while in the newer approach for any case there would just two modulo operation and we are storing two number.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I recently learned this from Arnav also known as &lt;a href=&#34;https://twitter.com/championswimmer&#34;&gt;championswimmer&lt;/a&gt;. He was talking about same at this &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYMP-cMy_zg&#34;&gt;video&lt;/a&gt; on the youtube channel of &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCICWIYEx2mo4wYZzLwJ7wVw&#34;&gt;Coding Blocks&lt;/a&gt; where he optimize it even more then this.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In above video he showed on of the way to optimize it even better with two modulo and single storage the example he had shown was in kotlin and it goes as follows.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-kotlin&#34; data-lang=&#34;kotlin&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;fun&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;main&lt;/span&gt; (){
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; (i &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; d = &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(i % &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) { d&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; }
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(i % &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) { d&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; }
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(d &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; ) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      println(i)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    } &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;      println(d)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    }
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  }
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We can optimize our solution even better with above approach lets try that as well.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; (number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;; number&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;let&lt;/span&gt; outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;fizz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;buzz&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(outcome) console.log(outcome)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt; console.log(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) : outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fizz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(number &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;) : outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;buzz&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(outcome &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;) : &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(outcome)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(number)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;PS: There has been some newer development on optimizing code and the newer approach we took. I had a brief discussion with Vijay aka Punnysher and Anop aka manchurian/potato :D.
There would be another update to this.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>First and Last post of 2020</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/first-and-last-2020/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2020 23:11:46 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/first-and-last-2020/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;2020&#34;&gt;2020&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;2020, has been amazing year by far. Have experience so much this year which is unbelievable. Although I have not written anything then these two lines. But this would a memorable year in lot of sense.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cheers,
Happy New Year everyone,
Happy 2021&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Convert Excel to Json</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/convert-excel-to-json/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Sep 2019 19:54:55 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/convert-excel-to-json/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;Some time in our projects we need data in json files(mostly web projects). But collecting and managing data in json files is harder(At least this is what I feel) compared to excel. I had recently ran into a similar situation where I need some data. Data is going to be provided by a non-technical person/client. And there going to be several rounds of it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So I was looking for options what can be done here, where I found several online tools which could be used for same. But I don&amp;rsquo;t want to use that because of course privacy. I don&amp;rsquo;t want to upload an excel file to a unknown application which would process it server side give me results.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My search ended upon &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.npmjs.com/package/simple-excel-to-json&#34;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt;. I found this nodejs module which was supper easy to use which would read your excel file and return a json object. So I created a small nodejs project which help me achieving solution to the problem.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-9&#34;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-js&#34; data-lang=&#34;js&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; parser &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; require(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;simple-excel-to-json&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;var&lt;/span&gt; doc &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; parser.parseXls2Json(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;sample.xlsx&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;, { isNested&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;true&lt;/span&gt; });
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; fs &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; require(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;fs&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;fs.writeFileSync(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;sample.json&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;,JSON.stringify(doc[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;], &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;null&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;), &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt;(err) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;(err) {
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        console.log(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;There was an error!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; console.log(err);
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    }
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;});
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;So &lt;a href=&#34;https://github.com/BhaveshSGupta/excel-to-json-demo&#34;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is a repository link to source code. To run this you would need nodejs in your system.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;You would need to a &lt;code&gt;npm install&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;node index.js&lt;/code&gt; to this working.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Another Attempt at Wag3</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/another-attempt-at-wag3/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Aug 2019 16:57:46 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/another-attempt-at-wag3/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;Until now we had done as of following code. We would create couples of more functions which would help us in managing our application. As discussed earlier we would now we creating different directories and files present inside .git directory along with directory itself. More or less we would something like following directory structure after doing &lt;code&gt;wag init&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git is the git directory itself, which contains:
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git/objects/ : the object store, which we’ll introduce in the next section.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git/refs/ the reference store, which we’ll discuss . It contains two subdirectories, heads and tags.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git/HEAD, a reference to the current HEAD (more on that later!)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git/config, the repository’s configuration file.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git/description, the repository’s description file.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-19&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-19&#34;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-20&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-20&#34;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-21&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-21&#34;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-22&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-22&#34;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-23&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-23&#34;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-24&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-24&#34;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-25&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-25&#34;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-26&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-26&#34;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-27&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-27&#34;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-28&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-28&#34;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-29&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-29&#34;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-30&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-30&#34;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-31&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-31&#34;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-32&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-32&#34;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-33&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-33&#34;&gt;33&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-34&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-34&#34;&gt;34&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-35&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-35&#34;&gt;35&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-36&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-36&#34;&gt;36&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-37&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-37&#34;&gt;37&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-38&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-38&#34;&gt;38&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-39&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-39&#34;&gt;39&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-40&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-40&#34;&gt;40&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-41&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-41&#34;&gt;41&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-42&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-42&#34;&gt;42&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-43&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-43&#34;&gt;43&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-44&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-44&#34;&gt;44&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-45&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-45&#34;&gt;45&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-46&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-46&#34;&gt;46&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-47&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-47&#34;&gt;47&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;argparse&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;os&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argparser &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparse&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;ArgumentParser(description&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Another Content Tracker&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsubparsers &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_subparsers(title&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Commands&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, dest&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;command&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;required &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_parser(
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Initialize a new, empty repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_argument(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;path&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, metavar&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;directory&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, nargs&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;?&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;                   default&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Where to create the repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;main&lt;/span&gt;(argv&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;sys&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;argv[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;:]):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    args &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;parse_args(argv)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; args&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;command &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        cmd_init(args)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;cmd_init&lt;/span&gt;(args):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    repo_create(args&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;class&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;GitRepository&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;object&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;A git repository&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    worktree &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    gitdir &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; __init__(self, path, force&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;False&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        self&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; path
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        self&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;gitdir &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;join(path, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;.git&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_create&lt;/span&gt;(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;Create a new repository at path.&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    repo &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; GitRepository(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# We check whether there exsits a path of worktree&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;exists(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exsits its a directory or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;isdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not a directory!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exsits its empty or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;listdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not empty!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# Create directory as nothing exist with same path&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;makedirs(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now let&amp;rsquo;s create function which would gives us path of directory after verifying that the directory exist and if it doesn&amp;rsquo;t it should gives us an error. We would also require mechanism to check whether we need to create the directory or not if it doesn&amp;rsquo;t exists.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-19&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-19&#34;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-20&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-20&#34;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-21&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-21&#34;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-22&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-22&#34;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-23&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-23&#34;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-24&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-24&#34;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-25&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-25&#34;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-26&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-26&#34;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_dir&lt;/span&gt;(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;False&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# repo is for our GitRepository object as we want to work with repository.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# *path is the path we want to check&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# mkdir to specify whether we want to create directory or not.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# this function would give us path we want to check if it exist or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    path &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; repo_path(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This would check whether path exists and if it does then it would check if it is a directory or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;exists(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; (os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;isdir(path)):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; path
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Not a directory &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This would check if we need to create directory as it doesn&amp;#39;t exists&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; mkdir:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;makedirs(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; path
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_path&lt;/span&gt;(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This would return us path under repository git directory&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;join(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;gitdir, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We have created another &lt;code&gt;repo_path&lt;/code&gt; function which is gives us path based on our git directory. Now we would add for these in our &lt;code&gt;repo_create()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-19&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-19&#34;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-20&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-20&#34;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_create&lt;/span&gt;(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;Create a new repository at path.&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    repo &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; GitRepository(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# We check whether there exists a path of worktree&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;exists(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exists its a directory or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;isdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not a directory!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exists its empty or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;listdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not empty!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# Create directory as nothing exist with same path&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;makedirs(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        repo_path(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;branches&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;branches&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;objects&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;refs&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;tags&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;refs&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;heads&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Above would create &lt;code&gt;.git&lt;/code&gt; directory with &lt;code&gt;braches&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;objects&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;refs&lt;/code&gt; directory with &lt;code&gt;tags&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;heads&lt;/code&gt; under it. It would look as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;.git
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;objects&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;branches&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;refs
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;tags&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;heads&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;Assert()&lt;/code&gt; helps us to identify that all these directories are created. If there is some issue and we return None from function it would show assertation error.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Besides directories there are few files which are also created when you do a git init, so those also needs to be created when we &lt;code&gt;wag init&lt;/code&gt;. Those files are config, HEAD and description others too but for now we would concentrate on these three.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now these files could be created anywhere and that directory may or may not exist so we would so let&amp;rsquo;s create a function which would create these directories if require. Also lets open description file and write &amp;ldquo;Unnamed repository; edit this file &amp;lsquo;description&amp;rsquo; to name the repository.&amp;rdquo; into that. We need to change this in our &lt;code&gt;repo_create&lt;/code&gt; function&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-19&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-19&#34;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-20&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-20&#34;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-21&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-21&#34;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-22&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-22&#34;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-23&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-23&#34;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-24&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-24&#34;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-25&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-25&#34;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-26&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-26&#34;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-27&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-27&#34;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_create&lt;/span&gt;(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;Create a new repository at path.&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    repo &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; GitRepository(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# We check whether there exists a path of worktree&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;exists(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exists its a directory or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;isdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not a directory!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exists its empty or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;listdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not empty!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# Create directory as nothing exist with same path&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;makedirs(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        repo_path(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;branches&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;branches&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;objects&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;refs&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;tags&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;refs&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;heads&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;(repo_file(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;description&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;), &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;w&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; f:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        f&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;write(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Unnamed repository; edit this file &amp;#39;description&amp;#39; to name the repository.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_file&lt;/span&gt;(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;False&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path[:&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;mkdir):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; repo_path(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;For config file we would need to use config parser module which would create a config file in Microsoft’s INI format. So first let&amp;rsquo;s create a function which would create default config. We would need to import this module with below modules.
In default config there are thing fields,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;repositoryformatversion whose value we would set to 0, for more info visit &lt;a href=&#34;https://github.com/git/git/blob/00a09d57eb8a041e6a6b0470c53533719c049bab/Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt&#34;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. Our program would be compatible with only 0 format version only&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;filemode whose value would be set to false, it disables tacking of file mode changes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;bare whose value would be false. It indicates that this repository has a work. Git supports an optional worktree key which indicates location of the worktree, if not &lt;code&gt;..&lt;/code&gt;(parent repository)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All these keys are under core section so first we would add section and then set this config.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-9&#34;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_default_config&lt;/span&gt;():
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    ret &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; configparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;ConfigParser()
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    ret&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_section(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;core&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    ret&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;set(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;core&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;repositoryformatversion&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;0&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    ret&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;set(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;core&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;filemode&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;false&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    ret&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;set(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;core&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;bare&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;false&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt; ret
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now let&amp;rsquo;s update our &lt;code&gt;repo_create&lt;/code&gt; function to create config and Head file.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-19&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-19&#34;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-20&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-20&#34;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-21&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-21&#34;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-22&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-22&#34;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-23&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-23&#34;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-24&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-24&#34;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-25&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-25&#34;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-26&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-26&#34;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-27&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-27&#34;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-28&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-28&#34;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-29&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-29&#34;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-30&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-30&#34;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_create&lt;/span&gt;(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;Create a new repository at path.&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    repo &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; GitRepository(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# We check whether there exsits a path of worktree&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;exists(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exsits its a directory or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;isdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not a directory!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exsits its empty or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;listdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;            &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not empty!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# Create directory as nothing exist with same path&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;makedirs(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        repo_path(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;branches&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;branches&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;objects&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;refs&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;tags&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;(repo_dir(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;refs&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;heads&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, mkdir&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;(repo_file(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;description&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;), &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;w&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; f:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        f&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;write(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Unnamed repository; edit this file &amp;#39;description&amp;#39; to name the repository.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;(repo_file(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;HEAD&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;), &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;w&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; f:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        f&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;write(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;ref: refs/heads/master&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;\n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;open&lt;/span&gt;(repo_file(repo, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;config&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;), &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;w&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt; f:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        config &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; repo_default_config()
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        config&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;write(f)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;This would complete our init method. YAY&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Another Attempt at Wag 2</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/another-attempt-at-wag-2/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 24 Aug 2019 15:32:32 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/another-attempt-at-wag-2/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;Last time we had created &lt;code&gt;cmd_init(args)&lt;/code&gt; function. We add more functionality to cmd_init(args).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This was our code till last time.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;argparse&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argparser &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparse&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;ArgumentParser(description&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Another Content Tracker&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsubparsers &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_subparsers(title&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Commands&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, dest&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;command&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;required &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_parser(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Initialize a new, empty repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_argument(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;path&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, metavar&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;directory&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, nargs&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;?&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, default&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Where to create the repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;main&lt;/span&gt;(argv&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;sys&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;argv[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;:]):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    args &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;parse_args(argv)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; args&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;command &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        cmd_init(args)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;cmd_init&lt;/span&gt;(args):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Hello from init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We had added an argument to your sub parser called path. If the value of path is not specified it would be &amp;lsquo;.&amp;rsquo; current directory or it would whatever specified. This would help us&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A repository in git is consisted to two things a work tree where we have our files are there for version control and the git directory i.e. &lt;code&gt;.git&lt;/code&gt; directory where Git stores its own data. In regular practice our work tree is a regular directory and git directory is child of that directory. Git supports all cases also our program would work in this case only.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For any command we run related to git there would be in git repo. So we create an object which would help us manage things. We would be working with lot of files we need to import another python module os.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So let&amp;rsquo;s create a class call GitRepository who&amp;rsquo;s object would give us worktree directory and .git directory. Later when we would create other commands into our code we can use this to check whether we are executing commands on a valid repository or not.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- 
For creating a Repository object we need to check few things.

* There is directory in which we have our work tree and a subdirectory called `` `.git` ``
* In `` `.git` ` ` we would store several things which would even include a config file at ` ` `.git/config` `` and see that core.repositoryformatversion is 0 if the repository is already created. For more on this read [here](https://github.com/git/git/blob/00a09d57eb8a041e6a6b0470c53533719c049bab/Documentation/technical/repository-version.txt)

Config file it&#39;s a INI file and to read it we would need to import another python module configparser, which would help us here. We would also need os module to work with files.

So first let&#39;s import configparser and os, start creating a class to get this repository object. --&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;class&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;GitRepository&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;object&lt;/span&gt;):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;A git repository&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    worktree &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    gitdir &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    conf &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;None&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; __init__(self, path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        self&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; path
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        self&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;gitdir &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;join(path, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;.git&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We would create another function for our init command called &lt;code&gt;`repo_create(path)`&lt;/code&gt; which would take our path argument from init.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;cmd_init&lt;/span&gt;(args):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	repo_create(args&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_create&lt;/span&gt;(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;Create a new repository at path.&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	repo &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; GitRepository(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree, repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;gitdir)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now when you &lt;code&gt;./wag init&lt;/code&gt; you would get something like &lt;code&gt;. ./.git&lt;/code&gt; and if you do &lt;code&gt;./wag init test&lt;/code&gt; and you would get &lt;code&gt;test test/.git&lt;/code&gt;. So this would help us in creating directories.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As we have worktree path and git directory path we can check if worktree exist, if it doesn&amp;rsquo;t then we can create a directory. This would be used for creating things with &lt;code&gt;./wag init test&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;repo_create&lt;/span&gt;(path):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;Create a new repository at path.&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	repo &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; GitRepository(path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;exists(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree): &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# We check whether there exists a path of worktree&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;		&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;path&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;isdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exists it is a directory or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;			&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not a directory!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;		&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;listdir(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree):&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# if path exsits its empty or not&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;			&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;Exception&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is not empty!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; path)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;	&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;		os&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;makedirs(repo&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;worktree) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# Create directory as nothing exist with same path&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In wag, we would only allow to init git if already existing repository is empty otherwise we won&amp;rsquo;t. Now we need to create &lt;code&gt;.git&lt;/code&gt; directory and other directories inside it.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Another Attempt to write a git</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/another-attempt-at-wag/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Aug 2019 20:50:56 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/another-attempt-at-wag/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;second-try&#34;&gt;Second Try&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We would be trying to create a mini git clone from this tutorial. I aspect this to go long. In general git is awesome source code manager which is wieldy use.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So first we would be creating a lib file and executing file.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Let&amp;rsquo;s create a file called wag which would have following code.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;libwag&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;libwag&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;main()
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then we would create another file which would be libwag.py with just a main function in it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;main&lt;/span&gt;():
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Hello from libwag&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We would then make our wag file executable by &lt;code&gt;shell chmod +x wag&lt;/code&gt;. Now you can run wag by&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-shell&#34; data-lang=&#34;shell&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;./wag
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In output screen you would get &amp;ldquo;Hello from libwag&amp;rdquo;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We would be using several inbuilt module which are available in python to achieve working things.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;First we would be importing a module called argparse. As per docs of argparse, it is a parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-command.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We would be importing sys module for getting arguments passed to program.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our write a git, would be command line application which would work similar to git. For example for initiating we do &lt;code&gt;git init&lt;/code&gt; here we would do &lt;code&gt;wag init&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note: To understand things better it would be better(not required), if you read documentation of argparse and checkout tutorial given in documentation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We’ll need to handle subcommands (as in git: init, commit, etc.) In argparse language, these are called “subparsers”. In our current program it would always take one subparsers. Our argument would get stored in a string name command. And based on this string we would call different functions which we would require for our program to work.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note: We would need to add each parser/command to our subparser so that our parser can dected whether the command we are passing is valid or not.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;After all of above our code would look like below:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;sys&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;argparse&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argparser &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparse&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;ArgumentParser(description&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Another Content Tracker&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsubparsers &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_subparsers(title&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Commands&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, dest&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;command&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;required &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_parser(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Initialize a new, empty repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;main&lt;/span&gt;(argv&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;sys&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;argv[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;:]):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    args &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;parse_args(argv)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(args&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;command)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Hello from libwag&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;If you would try to run above code as &lt;code&gt;./wag init&lt;/code&gt; it would print init and &amp;ldquo;Hello from libwag&amp;rdquo;. We would have multiple commands so, we would write a control flow to call different functions we make.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To keep things consistent we would use same nomenclature to define our functions. In our main function we would use a control flow statement then call function as per requirement. We would need to define the function we are calling.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;main&lt;/span&gt;(argv&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;sys&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;argv[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;:]):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    args &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argparser&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;parse_args(argv)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; args&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;command &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        cmd_init(args)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;cmd_init&lt;/span&gt;(args):
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Hello from init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now when we would call init it would call our &lt;code&gt;cmd_init(args)&lt;/code&gt; method and do things for now just print &amp;ldquo;Hello from init&amp;rdquo;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As we know(&amp;ldquo;I just came to know this today.&amp;rdquo;) &lt;code&gt;git init&lt;/code&gt; also takes path as an optional argument and if path is not passed it would initialize current directory, if path is passed it would create that repository if it doesn&amp;rsquo;t exists. And initialize repo with &lt;code&gt;.git&lt;/code&gt; directory.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We would add argument to our init command. Where we had defined our init command we would be adding code for to add an argument.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; argsubparsers&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_parser(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;init&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Initialize a new, empty repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;argsp&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;add_argument(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;path&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, metavar&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;directory&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, nargs&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;?&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, default&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, help&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Where to create the repository.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>An attempt to Write Yourself a Git</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/an-attempt-to-write-yourself-a-git/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 19 Aug 2019 21:13:07 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/an-attempt-to-write-yourself-a-git/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;So I tried to follow &lt;a href=&#34;https://wyag.thb.lt/&#34;&gt;wyag&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href=&#34;https://github.com/BhaveshSGupta/wyag&#34;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; but I was not able to. This tutorial is great but I was not able follow it because may be I am not still not much clear with python and how it works. So after much thought I have decided that I would try to create my own blog post series where I would take learnings from &lt;a href=&#34;https://wyag.thb.lt/&#34;&gt;wyag&lt;/a&gt; and try to do it in my way.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our first step would be to create repository and write init function. And then we would see how we can follow along.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Learning python through pym 14-08-2019</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-14-08-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Aug 2019 16:57:26 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-14-08-2019/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;day-4&#34;&gt;Day 4&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;PS: These are notes, there could be grammar error and spelling errors.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;for-loops&#34;&gt;for loops&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For loop over a list goes as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;Fedora&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;is&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;powerful&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; x &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; a:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(x)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# these ... are automatically created by python interpreter&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Fedora
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;powerful
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;range-function&#34;&gt;range() function&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;range function creates lists based on parameter passed in function``py&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;list&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;)) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# when two numbers are passed n,j List starts at n ends at j-1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;list&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;)) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# when three numbers are passed n,j,k. List starts at n ends at j after stepping at every k steps&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;list&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;range&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;)) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# when only single number n is passed list starts from 0 and ends after n elements&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;continue-statement&#34;&gt;Continue statement&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Just like break is use to break loop, continue is used to continue loop towards iteration without further execution
A combined example.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-9&#34;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Please enter an Integer: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# this will take the execution back to the starting of the loop&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Square is &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;**&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Goodbye&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 id=&#34;data-structures&#34;&gt;Data Structures&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;lists&#34;&gt;Lists&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Few other things with lists:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# to insert a new element in list&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;43624356&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;append(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;43624356&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# to inset at particular position we have to pass position along. First would be position then would be element&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;insert(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;) 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;43624356&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# to count number of occurrences of a element&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;count(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Same way we have &lt;code&gt;.reverse&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;.remove&lt;/code&gt; using append we can append another list to existing list as a element of the list&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;append(b)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;43624356&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;111&lt;/span&gt;, [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;]]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is another method call &lt;code&gt;.extend&lt;/code&gt; which would add element of second list as element of new list&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;extend(b) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#To add the values of b not the b itself&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;43624356&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;111&lt;/span&gt;, [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;], &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# here in a[n] value of n  is -1 so it would give last element&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# to remove element which was we would pass same list or sublist to remove it.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;remove(b)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;43624356&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;111&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# .sort is use to sort list if list is sortable means elements are comparable.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# del can also be used to delete a element from list&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;del&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3434&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;56&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;111&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;using-lists-as-stack-and-queue&#34;&gt;Using lists as stack and queue&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Stacks work as LIFO(Last In First Out) and queue work on FIFO(First In First Out)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# for Lifo and fifo everything would be appended at the end of list we would use append.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;append(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# while removing element we would remove using pop&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# for removing element in lifo we would use .pop() without any parameter so that it would remove last element&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;pop()
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# for fifo or queue where oldest element is removed first we use .pop(0)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;pop(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Note: .pop removes element and return removed element while append just add element doesn&amp;rsquo;t returns anything&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Learning python through pym 13-08-2019</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-13-08-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Aug 2019 20:57:26 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-13-08-2019/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;day-3&#34;&gt;Day 3&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;PS: These are notes, there could be grammar error and spelling errors.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Last time we were just starting with If else, the control flow,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;if-else--the-control-flow&#34;&gt;if-else , the control flow&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Control flow is used when we need to do some decisive task&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;if-if-else-if-elif-else-statement&#34;&gt;if, if else, if elif else statement&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If statement is simple as it is other language&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; expression:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    do this
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; expression:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    do this
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    do this
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; expression:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    do this
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt; expression:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    do this
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    do this
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Things to note:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&amp;lsquo;:&amp;rsquo; is must&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Indentation must be proper.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;if value is going to be true or false check it directly in if or elif expression without comparison operators.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;looping&#34;&gt;Looping&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Looping is used whenever you need to do repetitive task with some condition&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;while-loop&#34;&gt;while loop&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; condition:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    statement1
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    statement2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;while loop we execute until condition is meet.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;generating-fibonacci-using-while&#34;&gt;generating fibonacci using while&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;a, b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(b)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    a, b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; b, a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; b
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;By default print always prints in new line. We can change end by pass it into print function something like &lt;code&gt;print(b, end=&#39; &#39;)&lt;/code&gt;. This would not print \n &amp;lt;- newline character after every print statement instead it would print space.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;break&#34;&gt;break&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;break is used to break at loop. It could be because some conditions matched or whatever could be the case.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; term &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0.0001&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;This means if the value of term is less than 0.0001 then get out of the loop. If this statement is kept inside a loop.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;decorating-prints&#34;&gt;Decorating prints&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We can print space separator&amp;rsquo;s and character separators using print. We can multiply string or character with a number to print that n number of times. for example&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;-&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;--------------------------------------------------&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;*&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;**********&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;#&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;####################&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;--&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;----------------------------------------&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;-&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;----------------------------------------&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;draw-the-pattern&#34;&gt;Draw the pattern&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;One of the question which has haunt several to be under-graduate students(some graduates too) is drawing given pattern.
I remember people using space and print statement to print exact same 5 line pattern then fighting with teacher to say When did you say we had to take input :D. Moving ahead.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So patterns in python becomes easy(even for those student) suppose we want below pattern:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*****&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;****&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;***&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;   &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;**&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In python what we do is we take an input say draw 5 lines.
we would print two things number of spaces and stars. Need to decrease number of stars and increase number of space.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;row &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Enter the number of rows: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; row
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;:
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    x &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;*&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; n
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;		&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This would store 5 star at start into variable x and keep decrease as -1 at bottom&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    y &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34; &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; (row &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; n)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;		&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This would store spaces as row - n initially value of both is same of there would 0 spaces and then they would keep increasing&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(y &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; x)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;		&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This would print first space then start for that iteration&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;lists&#34;&gt;Lists&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lists is similar to arrays in js.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-14&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-14&#34;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-15&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-15&#34;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-16&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-16&#34;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-17&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-17&#34;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-18&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-18&#34;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-19&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-19&#34;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-20&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-20&#34;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-21&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-21&#34;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-22&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-22&#34;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-23&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-23&#34;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-24&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-24&#34;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-25&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-25&#34;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-26&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-26&#34;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-27&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-27&#34;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-28&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-28&#34;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-29&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-29&#34;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-30&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-30&#34;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-31&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-31&#34;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-32&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-32&#34;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [ &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;342&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;223&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;India&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;Fedora&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;342&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;223&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;India&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;Fedora&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# nth element in list&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;Fedora&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# -nth element in list, that is nth element from end of list&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;Fedora&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;India&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# n:m would return from n to mth element to list  not including mth element.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# we can either side as blank. which would consider start and end of list&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;342&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;223&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;India&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;223&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[:&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;342&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;223&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# Below we are using two :: which would work as [n:e:k], from nth to eth element jumping k elements. So if n is 0 and k is 2 then first element would be 0th then 2nd then 4th. and so on.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;::&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;[&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;223&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;Fedora&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# to check whether value exists in list we can use &amp;#39;in&amp;#39; operator&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;False&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# len would give length in a&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;len&lt;/span&gt;(a)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;To check list is empty or not we use following code.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; list_name: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This means the list is not empty&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;pass&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# This means the list is empty&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;pass&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have continue from for loop tomorrow :)&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Learning python through pym 12-08-2019</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-12-08-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Aug 2019 20:57:26 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-12-08-2019/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;day-2&#34;&gt;Day 2&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;PS: These are notes, there could be grammar error and spelling errors.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Last time had got until here,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We don&amp;rsquo;t need specify data type with python something similar to javascript where we use var for every type of variable.(const and let are new ES6 standards, although they are not new but new)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So basically&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;test&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;in above a become integer, b becomes float and c becomes string.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;reading-input-from-the-keyboard&#34;&gt;Reading input from the Keyboard&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For taking input from client we can &lt;code&gt; input(&amp;quot;string to show while taking input&amp;quot;)&lt;/code&gt;. PS: while taking input it would always be strings similar to command line input in C. So we would type cast it into required datatype. For example integer or float. As it is already string we don&amp;rsquo;t need to typecast if we need a string.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;some-mathematical-operations-bodmas&#34;&gt;Some mathematical operations BODMAS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;python operations would follow BODMAS, and we can evaluate any operations as follows:
We would create si.py file with below text.
Please note &lt;code&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/code&gt; is very important line without which you would get an error in your code while running file.(Saying with experience)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;p &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;float&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Enter amount: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;r &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;float&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Enter Interest rate: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;n &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Enter period: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;si &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; (p&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;r&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;n)&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Simple Interest: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%.2f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; si)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;multiple-assignments-on-variable&#34;&gt;Multiple assignments on variable&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Is a way to assign value to multiple in a single go(Title itself makes it clear)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a , b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;test&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;test1&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;test&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; b
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;test1&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;A question which is always part of any programming language you learn in college, how to swap two number with and without using third variable.
In python because of multiple assignment approach things becomes easy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a , b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;test&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;test1&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;test&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; b
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;test1&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a , b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; b, a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;test1&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; b
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#39;test&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;formating-our-printed-strings&#34;&gt;Formating our printed strings&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are several ways to format strings one of them we saw before in codes above:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;using %&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Simple Interest: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%.2f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; si)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;using .format&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; name &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Python&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; typeof &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;snake&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; msg &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;{0}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;{1}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;format(name, typeof)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(msg)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Python &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; snake&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;using f-strings(More to read:&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0498/]&#34;&gt;link&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-6-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-6-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; name &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Python&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; typeof &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;snake&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; msg &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;name&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;typeof&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(msg)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Python &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt; snake&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;I find f-string more easy because it somewhat similar syntax to template string in javascript.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;operators-and-expressions&#34;&gt;Operators and expressions&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Python most of the lines you will write will be expressions. Expressions are made of operators and operands. An expression is like 2 + 3 .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;operators&#34;&gt;Operators&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Operators are symbols which tell python interpreter to do mathematical or logical operations ie. addition, subtraction and etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-7-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-7-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# addition&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# subtraction&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# divide&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;22.0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1.8333333333333333&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# modulo&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;example-why-python-is-awesome&#34;&gt;Example why python is awesome&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-8-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-8-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;days &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Enter days: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Months = &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; Days = &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;divmod&lt;/span&gt;(days, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;)))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Save above code in days.py file. When you run this file as ./days.py it would ask you to enter days you enter let say 50 then it would print both months and remaining days with single function
because the divmod(num1, num2) function returns two values , first is the division of num1 and num2 and in second the modulo of num1 and num2.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Above code could also be written as follows the longer way:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-9-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-9-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;days &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;input&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Enter days: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;months &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; days &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;days &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; days &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Months = &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt; Days = &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#70a0d0&#34;&gt;%d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; (months, days))
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;relational-operators&#34;&gt;Relational Operators&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Similar many programming language although below is reference table.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;thead&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt;Operator&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;Meaning&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/thead&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Is less than&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;lt;=&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Is less than or equal to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Is greater than&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Is greater than or equal to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;==&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Is equal to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;!=&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Is not equal to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Some examples also:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-11&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-11&#34;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-12&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-12&#34;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-10-13&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-10-13&#34;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;False&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;False&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;323&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;# &amp;#39;//&amp;#39; Gives floor division result, could be useful at many places where you would call floor function&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4.0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;//&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4.0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1.3333333333333333&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;logical-operators&#34;&gt;Logical Operators&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note for self: There is difference between logical and bitwise operators. Please don&amp;rsquo;t get confused.
In logical operators when first value is not true then it would return second value&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-11-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-11-8&#34;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;shorthand-operators&#34;&gt;Shorthand Operators&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When you perform operation on same variable where you are storing value for example.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-12-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-12-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;8.333333333333334&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+=&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;26&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; a
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;840.3333333333334&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;expressions&#34;&gt;Expressions&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;General rule whenever you write any operator give spaces between them. Evaluation of expression follows BODMAS.
For example in following code evaluation of x,y,z would be:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-1&#34;&gt; 1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-2&#34;&gt; 2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-3&#34;&gt; 3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-4&#34;&gt; 4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-5&#34;&gt; 5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-6&#34;&gt; 6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-7&#34;&gt; 7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-8&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-8&#34;&gt; 8&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-9&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-9&#34;&gt; 9&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-13-10&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-13-10&#34;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;c &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;x &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; c &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;y &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; c) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;z &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; a &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; (b &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; c) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#40a070&#34;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;X = &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, x)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Y = &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, y)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Z = &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;, z)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;For x:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;9 - 12 / 3 + 3 * 2 -1
9 - 4 + 3 * 2 - 1
9 - 4 + 6 - 1
5 + 6 - 1
11 - 1
10
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;for y:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;a - b / (3 + c) * (2 - 1)
9 - 12 / (3 + 3) * (2 - 1)
9 - 12 / 6 * 1
9 - 2 * 1
9 - 2
7
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;p&gt;for z:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;a - (b / (3 + c) * 2) - 1
9 - (12 / (3 + 3) * 2) - 1
9 - (12 / 6 * 2) - 1
9 - (2 * 2) - 1
9 - 4 - 1
4
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;type-conversions&#34;&gt;Type Conversions&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As we were saw previously we were converting string input into float and integers. So is a example of how you do it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-17-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-17-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-17-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-17-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-17-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-17-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;float&lt;/span&gt;(string) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;float&lt;/span&gt; value
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt;(string) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; integer value
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;str&lt;/span&gt;(integer) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;or&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;str&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;float&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; string representation
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Learning python through pym 10-08-2019</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-10-08-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 10 Aug 2019 17:59:22 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/learning-python-through-pym-10-08-2019/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;day-1&#34;&gt;Day 1&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;installing-python&#34;&gt;Installing python&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;one can install python using package manager depending upon the operating system you are using.
As I have a windows machine and ubuntu using linux on windows subsystem. I can install python from &lt;a href=&#34;https://python.org&#34;&gt;https://python.org&lt;/a&gt;. And Ubuntu I can use below command to install python.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-bash&#34; data-lang=&#34;bash&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;sudo apt-get install python3
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 id=&#34;running-python&#34;&gt;Running python&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To run python you would call python3 which open Python interpreter. On that you can type print(&amp;ldquo;Hello World&amp;rdquo;) to run your first python code which would print Hello World in next line.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To run python code from a file I would need to below text into a file, save suppose as hello.py&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#60a0b0;font-style:italic&#34;&gt;#!/usr/bin/env python3&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Hello World!&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The file &amp;ldquo;hello.py&amp;rdquo; needs to be executable to be run the code. If file is not executable we can do it by &lt;code&gt;chmod +x hello.py&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;then we can run file by calling it as &lt;code&gt;./hello.py&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;white-space-and-indentation&#34;&gt;White space and indentation&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whitespace and indentation should be perfect for python. If a line is not correctly indented python interpreter would Indentation error.
There are few basic rule to follow,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Use 4 spaces for indentation&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Never mix tab and spaces&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;One line blank after functions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;two lines blank after classes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;add a space after &amp;ldquo;,&amp;rdquo; in dicts, lists, tuples and argument list and after &amp;ldquo;:&amp;rdquo; in dicts&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Spaces around assignments and comparers&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;no spaces after starting and before ending () brackets/parentheses&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;comments&#34;&gt;Comments&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In python on can write comments starting with &amp;lsquo;#&amp;rsquo;
Still gonna check whether to use &amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; for multiline comments or not.
links:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://pymbook.readthedocs.io/en/latest/thebeginning.html#comments&#34;&gt;https://pymbook.readthedocs.io/en/latest/thebeginning.html#comments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7696924/way-to-create-multiline-comments-in-python&#34;&gt;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7696924/way-to-create-multiline-comments-in-python&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://twitter.com/gvanrossum/status/112670605505077248&#34;&gt;https://twitter.com/gvanrossum/status/112670605505077248&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;modules&#34;&gt;Modules&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Modules are link library which you can in import and run function from it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;keywords-and-indentifier&#34;&gt;Keywords and Indentifier&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As any other language there are reserved keywords in python which cannot be used as ordinary identifiers.
Below is the list of identifiers. Note: Identifiers are case sensitive they should be used with same casing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-5&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-5&#34;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-6&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-6&#34;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-7&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-7&#34;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-py&#34; data-lang=&#34;py&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;       &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;del&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;not&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;while&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;elif&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;global&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;or&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;with&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;assert&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;pass&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;yield&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;break&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;except&lt;/span&gt;   &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;class&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style=&#34;color:#0e84b5;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;exec&lt;/span&gt;     &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;raise&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;continue&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;finally&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;       &lt;span style=&#34;color:#06287e&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;      &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;lambda&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#007020;font-weight:bold&#34;&gt;try&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We don&amp;rsquo;t need specify data type with python something similar to javascript where we use var for every type of variable.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Object-Oriented Programming With JavaScript (part 1)</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/object-oriented-programming-with-javascript-part-1/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jul 2019 16:56:15 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/object-oriented-programming-with-javascript-part-1/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;I started to learn Object-oriented Programming in JavaScript using this &lt;a href=&#34;https://udemy.com/javascript-object-oriented-programming/&#34;&gt;course&lt;/a&gt;. This post is more of notes for the course I am taking.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm or style of programming which is centered around objects and not on functions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;four-core-concept-or-pillars-of-object-oriented-programming-language&#34;&gt;Four core concept or pillars of Object-oriented programming language&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Encapsulation&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Abstraction&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Inheritance&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Polymorphism&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Object-oriented programming we combine related functions and variables and call them as object.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Before Object-oriented programming we had procedural programming, which divided program into set of functions.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>More information about git log command</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/more-information-about-git-log-command/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jul 2019 21:59:52 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/more-information-about-git-log-command/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;As part of home task part 2, we were asked to read about git log command. So this blog post is dedicated to that. To get more info about git log command I had gone through Git pro book available at &lt;a href=&#34;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/&#34;&gt;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/&lt;/a&gt;. From this book I had followed chapter &lt;a href=&#34;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Viewing-the-Commit-History&#34;&gt;https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Viewing-the-Commit-History&lt;/a&gt; to study more about git log command.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When &lt;code&gt;git log&lt;/code&gt; is used without any argument, it displays all previous commits in reverse chronological order.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-0-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-0-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-Sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;Sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We can provide following arguments with &lt;code&gt;git log&lt;/code&gt; command to see different outputs formats.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;When &lt;code&gt;-n&lt;/code&gt; is passed as an argument, where n is number it would show n number of commits.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-1-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-1-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log -5
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;When &lt;code&gt;-p&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;--patch&lt;/code&gt; is passed as an argument, it shows difference or patch output between each commit&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-2-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-2-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log -p -5
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;--stat&lt;/code&gt; is used get abbreviated stats of each commits&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-3-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-3-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --stat
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --stat -2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;--since=&amp;lt;date&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is used get logs from a particular time. One can pass months, years, days, hours etc to get log from that particular time.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-2&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-2&#34;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-3&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-3&#34;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-4-4&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-4-4&#34;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --since&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;2 hours&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --since&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;3 day&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --since&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;10 weeks&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --since&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;1 year&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;--author=&amp;lt;pattern&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is used get logs from one or many authors.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;div style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;
&lt;table style=&#34;border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f&#34; id=&#34;hl-5-1&#34;&gt;&lt;a style=&#34;outline:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit&#34; href=&#34;#hl-5-1&#34;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&#34;vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%&#34;&gt;
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;background-color:#f0f0f0;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-sh&#34; data-lang=&#34;sh&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;$ git log --author&lt;span style=&#34;color:#666&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#4070a0&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;Bhavesh&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bonus Video: Thanks for reading the post check out &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6jD966jzlk&#34;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; video on youtube explaining how git works internally.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Introduction to Git and seven rules of great Git Commit Message</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/introduction-to-git-and-seven-rules-of-a-great-git-commit-message/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jul 2019 12:12:00 +0530</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/introduction-to-git-and-seven-rules-of-a-great-git-commit-message/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;As part of summer training at #dgplug, Sayan took our basics to Git session. We were introduced to basics of VCS(Version Control System), need to use a VCS and introduction to Git.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These were some of commands we learn during the session conducted over the course of two days,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git init is used initialize Git repository
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git init
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git config to used to configure various Git configuration using below command one can configure their Name and Email globally for Git.
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git config --global user.name &amp;#34;&amp;lt;Name&amp;gt;&amp;#34;
$ git config --global user.email &amp;#34;&amp;lt;email&amp;gt;&amp;#34;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git add is used to add files to stage area in Git.
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git add helloworld.txt
$ git add .
$ git add -u
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git status to see status of you Git repository. Whether there are changes that are still not added to stage or there are changes which are added to stage but not committed.
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git status
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git commit is used to commit your files from stage.
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git commit -m &amp;#34;Snapshot 2&amp;#34;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git diff is used to difference between current state and previous state.
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git diff
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;git log is used to get commit logs.
&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34;&gt;&lt;code&gt;$ git log
$ git log -2
$ git log -p -2
$ git log --stat
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As part of home task we were asked to read &lt;a href=&#34;https://chris.beams.io/posts/git-commit/&#34;&gt;https://chris.beams.io/posts/git-commit/&lt;/a&gt;, which explains How to write a Git commit message.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The seven rules of a great Git commit message are:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Separate subject from body with a blank line&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Limit the subject line to 50 characters&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Capitalize the subject line&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Do not end the subject line with a period&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Use the imperative mood in the subject line&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Wrap the body at 72 characters&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Use the body to explain what and why vs. how&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
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    <item>
      <title>Birthday Week 2019</title>
      <link>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/birthday-week-2019/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 May 2019 19:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <author>BhaveshSGupta@disroot.org (Bhavesh S. Gupta)</author>
      <guid>https://BhaveshSGupta.me/blog/birthday-week-2019/</guid>
      
        <description>&lt;p&gt;So another Birthday gone as-usual. Although I am not a big celebrator expect last where we had a trip to Rishikesh on my birthday PS: I am yet to write that post.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My celebration to birthday most part has only dinner with family. We go to a fancy hotel have some food and come back. Its almost like this has become a tradition to celebrate birthday this way.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This post was to be published on 19th May, instead I am writing now because of my laziness I don&amp;rsquo;t often write due to fear of writing or fear of making mistakes while write. Although I plan to write and read more. :)&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
      
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