db.class.php

<?php
/*
    Copyright (C) 2008-2012 Sergey Tsalkov (stsalkov@gmail.com)

    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/


class DB {
  // initial connection
  public static $dbName = '';
  public static $user = '';
  public static $password = '';
  public static $host = 'localhost';
  public static $port = 3306; //hhvm complains if this is null
  public static $encoding = 'latin1';

  // configure workings
  public static $param_char = '%';
  public static $named_param_seperator = '_';
  public static $success_handler = false;
  public static $error_handler = true;
  public static $throw_exception_on_error = false;
  public static $nonsql_error_handler = null;
  public static $throw_exception_on_nonsql_error = false;
  public static $nested_transactions = false;
  public static $usenull = true;
  public static $ssl = array('key' => '', 'cert' => '', 'ca_cert' => '', 'ca_path' => '', 'cipher' => '');
  public static $connect_options = array(MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT => 30);

  // internal
  protected static $mdb = null;
  public static $variables_to_sync = array('param_char', 'named_param_seperator', 'success_handler', 'error_handler', 'throw_exception_on_error',
    'nonsql_error_handler', 'throw_exception_on_nonsql_error', 'nested_transactions', 'usenull', 'ssl', 'connect_options');

  public static function getMDB() {
    $mdb = DB::$mdb;

    if ($mdb === null) {
      $mdb = DB::$mdb = new MeekroDB();
    }

    //check to see if the connection parameters have changed
    //if so we need to create a new connection
    $db_class_vars = get_class_vars('DB'); // the DB::$$var syntax only works in 5.3+

    static $reconnect_variables = array('user', 'password', 'host', 'port', 'encoding');
    $reconnect = FALSE;
    foreach ($reconnect_variables as $r) {
      if ($mdb->$r !== $db_class_vars[$r]) {
        $reconnect = TRUE;
        break;
      }
    }
    if ($reconnect === TRUE) {
      $mdb = DB::$mdb = new MeekroDB();
    }

    // Sync everytime because settings might have changed. It's fast.
    $mdb->sync_config();

    return $mdb;
  }

  // yes, this is ugly. __callStatic() only works in 5.3+
  public static function get() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'get'), $args); }
  public static function disconnect() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'disconnect'), $args); }
  public static function query() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'query'), $args); }
  public static function queryFirstRow() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryFirstRow'), $args); }
  public static function queryOneRow() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryOneRow'), $args); }
  public static function queryAllLists() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryAllLists'), $args); }
  public static function queryFullColumns() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryFullColumns'), $args); }
  public static function queryFirstList() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryFirstList'), $args); }
  public static function queryOneList() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryOneList'), $args); }
  public static function queryFirstColumn() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryFirstColumn'), $args); }
  public static function queryOneColumn() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryOneColumn'), $args); }
  public static function queryFirstField() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryFirstField'), $args); }
  public static function queryOneField() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryOneField'), $args); }
  public static function queryRaw() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryRaw'), $args); }
  public static function queryRawUnbuf() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'queryRawUnbuf'), $args); }

  public static function insert() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'insert'), $args); }
  public static function insertIgnore() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'insertIgnore'), $args); }
  public static function insertUpdate() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'insertUpdate'), $args); }
  public static function insertIgnoreOrUpdate() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'insertIgnoreOrUpdate'), $args); }
  public static function replace() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'replace'), $args); }
  public static function update() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'update'), $args); }
  public static function delete() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'delete'), $args); }

  public static function insertId() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'insertId'), $args); }
  public static function count() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'count'), $args); }
  public static function affectedRows() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'affectedRows'), $args); }

  public static function useDB() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'useDB'), $args); }
  public static function startTransaction() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'startTransaction'), $args); }
  public static function commit() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'commit'), $args); }
  public static function rollback() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'rollback'), $args); }
  public static function tableList() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'tableList'), $args); }
  public static function columnList() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'columnList'), $args); }

  public static function sqlEval() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'sqlEval'), $args); }
  public static function nonSQLError() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'nonSQLError'), $args); }

  public static function serverVersion() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'serverVersion'), $args); }
  public static function transactionDepth() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array(DB::getMDB(), 'transactionDepth'), $args); }


  public static function debugMode($handler = true) {
    DB::$success_handler = $handler;
  }

}


class MeekroDB {
  // initial connection
  public $dbName = '';
  public $user = '';
  public $password = '';
  public $host = 'localhost';
  public $port = 3306;
  public $encoding = 'latin1';

  // configure workings
  public $param_char = '%';
  public $named_param_seperator = '_';
  public $success_handler = false;
  public $error_handler = true;
  public $throw_exception_on_error = false;
  public $nonsql_error_handler = null;
  public $throw_exception_on_nonsql_error = false;
  public $nested_transactions = false;
  public $usenull = true;
  public $ssl = array('key' => '', 'cert' => '', 'ca_cert' => '', 'ca_path' => '', 'cipher' => '');
  public $connect_options = array(MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT => 30);

  // internal
  public $internal_mysql = null;
  public $server_info = null;
  public $insert_id = 0;
  public $num_rows = 0;
  public $affected_rows = 0;
  public $current_db = null;
  public $nested_transactions_count = 0;


  public function __construct($host=null, $user=null, $password=null, $dbName=null, $port=null, $encoding=null) {
    if ($host === null) $host = DB::$host;
    if ($user === null) $user = DB::$user;
    if ($password === null) $password = DB::$password;
    if ($dbName === null) $dbName = DB::$dbName;
    if ($port === null) $port = DB::$port;
    if ($encoding === null) $encoding = DB::$encoding;

    $this->host = $host;
    $this->user = $user;
    $this->password = $password;
    $this->dbName = $dbName;
    $this->port = $port;
    $this->encoding = $encoding;

    $this->sync_config();
  }

  // suck in config settings from static class
  public function sync_config() {
    $db_class_vars = get_class_vars('DB'); // the DB::$$var syntax only works in 5.3+

    foreach (DB::$variables_to_sync as $variable) {
      if ($this->$variable !== $db_class_vars[$variable]) {
        $this->$variable = $db_class_vars[$variable];
      }
    }
  }

  public function get() {
    $mysql = $this->internal_mysql;

    if (!($mysql instanceof MySQLi)) {
      if (! $this->port) $this->port = ini_get('mysqli.default_port');
      $this->current_db = $this->dbName;
      $mysql = new mysqli();

      $connect_flags = 0;
      if ($this->ssl['key']) {
        $mysql->ssl_set($this->ssl['key'], $this->ssl['cert'], $this->ssl['ca_cert'], $this->ssl['ca_path'], $this->ssl['cipher']);
        $connect_flags |= MYSQLI_CLIENT_SSL;
      }
      foreach ($this->connect_options as $key => $value) {
        $mysql->options($key, $value);
      }

      // suppress warnings, since we will check connect_error anyway
      @$mysql->real_connect($this->host, $this->user, $this->password, $this->dbName, $this->port, null, $connect_flags);

      if ($mysql->connect_error) {
        return $this->nonSQLError('Unable to connect to MySQL server! Error: ' . $mysql->connect_error);
      }

      $mysql->set_charset($this->encoding);
      $this->internal_mysql = $mysql;
      $this->server_info = $mysql->server_info;
    }

    return $mysql;
  }

  public function disconnect() {
    $mysqli = $this->internal_mysql;
    if ($mysqli instanceof MySQLi) {
      if ($thread_id = $mysqli->thread_id) $mysqli->kill($thread_id);
      $mysqli->close();
    }
    $this->internal_mysql = null;
  }

  public function nonSQLError($message) {
    if ($this->throw_exception_on_nonsql_error) {
      $e = new MeekroDBException($message);
      throw $e;
    }

    $error_handler = is_callable($this->nonsql_error_handler) ? $this->nonsql_error_handler : 'meekrodb_error_handler';

    call_user_func($error_handler, array(
      'type' => 'nonsql',
      'error' => $message
    ));
  }

  public function debugMode($handler = true) {
    $this->success_handler = $handler;
  }

  public function serverVersion() { $this->get(); return $this->server_info; }
  public function transactionDepth() { return $this->nested_transactions_count; }
  public function insertId() { return $this->insert_id; }
  public function affectedRows() { return $this->affected_rows; }
  public function count() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'numRows'), $args); }
  public function numRows() { return $this->num_rows; }

  public function useDB() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'setDB'), $args); }
  public function setDB($dbName) {
    $db = $this->get();
    if (! $db->select_db($dbName)) return $this->nonSQLError("Unable to set database to $dbName");
    $this->current_db = $dbName;
  }


  public function startTransaction() {
    if ($this->nested_transactions && $this->serverVersion() < '5.5') {
      return $this->nonSQLError("Nested transactions are only available on MySQL 5.5 and greater. You are using MySQL " . $this->serverVersion());
    }

    if (!$this->nested_transactions || $this->nested_transactions_count == 0) {
      $this->query('START TRANSACTION');
      $this->nested_transactions_count = 1;
    } else {
      $this->query("SAVEPOINT LEVEL{$this->nested_transactions_count}");
      $this->nested_transactions_count++;
    }

    return $this->nested_transactions_count;
  }

  public function commit($all=false) {
    if ($this->nested_transactions && $this->serverVersion() < '5.5') {
      return $this->nonSQLError("Nested transactions are only available on MySQL 5.5 and greater. You are using MySQL " . $this->serverVersion());
    }

    if ($this->nested_transactions && $this->nested_transactions_count > 0)
      $this->nested_transactions_count--;

    if (!$this->nested_transactions || $all || $this->nested_transactions_count == 0) {
      $this->nested_transactions_count = 0;
      $this->query('COMMIT');
    } else {
      $this->query("RELEASE SAVEPOINT LEVEL{$this->nested_transactions_count}");
    }

    return $this->nested_transactions_count;
  }

  public function rollback($all=false) {
    if ($this->nested_transactions && $this->serverVersion() < '5.5') {
      return $this->nonSQLError("Nested transactions are only available on MySQL 5.5 and greater. You are using MySQL " . $this->serverVersion());
    }

    if ($this->nested_transactions && $this->nested_transactions_count > 0)
      $this->nested_transactions_count--;

    if (!$this->nested_transactions || $all || $this->nested_transactions_count == 0) {
      $this->nested_transactions_count = 0;
      $this->query('ROLLBACK');
    } else {
      $this->query("ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT LEVEL{$this->nested_transactions_count}");
    }

    return $this->nested_transactions_count;
  }

  protected function formatTableName($table) {
    $table = trim($table, '`');

    if (strpos($table, '.')) return implode('.', array_map(array($this, 'formatTableName'), explode('.', $table)));
    else return '`' . str_replace('`', '``', $table) . '`';
  }

  public function update() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $table = array_shift($args);
    $params = array_shift($args);
    $where = array_shift($args);

    $query = str_replace('%', $this->param_char, "UPDATE %b SET %hc WHERE ") . $where;

    array_unshift($args, $params);
    array_unshift($args, $table);
    array_unshift($args, $query);
    return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'query'), $args);
  }

  public function insertOrReplace($which, $table, $datas, $options=array()) {
    $datas = unserialize(serialize($datas)); // break references within array
    $keys = $values = array();

    if (isset($datas[0]) && is_array($datas[0])) {
      $var = '%ll?';
      foreach ($datas as $datum) {
        ksort($datum);
        if (! $keys) $keys = array_keys($datum);
        $values[] = array_values($datum);
      }

    } else {
      $var = '%l?';
      $keys = array_keys($datas);
      $values = array_values($datas);
    }

    if (isset($options['ignore']) && $options['ignore']) $which = 'INSERT IGNORE';

    if (isset($options['update']) && is_array($options['update']) && $options['update'] && (strtolower($which) == 'insert' || strtolower($which) == 'insert ignore')) {
      if (array_values($options['update']) !== $options['update']) {
        return $this->query(
          str_replace('%', $this->param_char, "%l INTO %b %lb VALUES $var ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE %hc"),
          $which, $table, $keys, $values, $options['update']);
      } else {
        $update_str = array_shift($options['update']);
        $query_param = array(
          str_replace('%', $this->param_char, "%l INTO %b %lb VALUES $var ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ") . $update_str,
          $which, $table, $keys, $values);
        $query_param = array_merge($query_param, $options['update']);
        return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'query'), $query_param);
      }

    }

    return $this->query(
      str_replace('%', $this->param_char, "%l INTO %b %lb VALUES $var"),
      $which, $table, $keys, $values);
  }

  public function insert($table, $data) { return $this->insertOrReplace('INSERT', $table, $data); }
  public function insertIgnore($table, $data) { return $this->insertOrReplace('INSERT', $table, $data, array('ignore' => true)); }
  public function replace($table, $data) { return $this->insertOrReplace('REPLACE', $table, $data); }

  public function insertUpdate() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $table = array_shift($args);
    $data = array_shift($args);

    if (! isset($args[0])) { // update will have all the data of the insert
      if (isset($data[0]) && is_array($data[0])) { //multiple insert rows specified -- failing!
        return $this->nonSQLError("Badly formatted insertUpdate() query -- you didn't specify the update component!");
      }

      $args[0] = $data;
    }

    if (is_array($args[0])) $update = $args[0];
    else $update = $args;

    return $this->insertOrReplace('INSERT', $table, $data, array('update' => $update));
  }

  public function insertIgnoreOrUpdate() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $table = array_shift($args);
    $data = array_shift($args);

    if (! isset($args[0])) { // update will have all the data of the insert
      if (isset($data[0]) && is_array($data[0])) { //multiple insert rows specified -- failing!
        return $this->nonSQLError("Badly formatted insertIgnoreOrUpdate() query -- you didn't specify the update component!");
      }

      $args[0] = $data;
    }

    if (is_array($args[0])) $update = $args[0];
    else $update = $args;

    return $this->insertOrReplace('INSERT', $table, $data, array('update' => $update, 'ignore' => true));
  }

  public function delete() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $table = $this->formatTableName(array_shift($args));
    $where = array_shift($args);
    $buildquery = "DELETE FROM $table WHERE $where";
    array_unshift($args, $buildquery);
    return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'query'), $args);
  }

  public function sqleval() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $text = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'parseQueryParams'), $args);
    return new MeekroDBEval($text);
  }

  public function columnList($table) {
    return $this->queryOneColumn('Field', "SHOW COLUMNS FROM %b", $table);
  }

  public function tableList($db = null) {
    if ($db) {
      $olddb = $this->current_db;
      $this->useDB($db);
    }

    $result = $this->queryFirstColumn('SHOW TABLES');
    if (isset($olddb)) $this->useDB($olddb);
    return $result;
  }

  protected function preparseQueryParams() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $sql = trim(strval(array_shift($args)));
    $args_all = $args;

    if (count($args_all) == 0) return array($sql);

    $param_char_length = strlen($this->param_char);
    $named_seperator_length = strlen($this->named_param_seperator);

    $types = array(
      $this->param_char . 'll', // list of literals
      $this->param_char . 'ls', // list of strings
      $this->param_char . 'l',  // literal
      $this->param_char . 'li', // list of integers
      $this->param_char . 'ld', // list of decimals
      $this->param_char . 'lb', // list of backticks
      $this->param_char . 'lt', // list of timestamps
      $this->param_char . 's',  // string
      $this->param_char . 'i',  // integer
      $this->param_char . 'd',  // double / decimal
      $this->param_char . 'b',  // backtick
      $this->param_char . 't',  // timestamp
      $this->param_char . '?',  // infer type
      $this->param_char . 'l?',  // list of inferred types
      $this->param_char . 'll?',  // list of lists of inferred types
      $this->param_char . 'hc',  // hash `key`='value' pairs separated by commas
      $this->param_char . 'ha',  // hash `key`='value' pairs separated by and
      $this->param_char . 'ho',  // hash `key`='value' pairs separated by or
      $this->param_char . 'ss'  // search string (like string, surrounded with %'s)
    );

    // generate list of all MeekroDB variables in our query, and their position
    // in the form "offset => variable", sorted by offsets
    $posList = array();
    foreach ($types as $type) {
      $lastPos = 0;
      while (($pos = strpos($sql, $type, $lastPos)) !== false) {
        $lastPos = $pos + 1;
        if (isset($posList[$pos]) && strlen($posList[$pos]) > strlen($type)) continue;
        $posList[$pos] = $type;
      }
    }

    ksort($posList);

    // for each MeekroDB variable, substitute it with array(type: i, value: 53) or whatever
    $chunkyQuery = array(); // preparsed query
    $pos_adj = 0; // how much we've added or removed from the original sql string
    foreach ($posList as $pos => $type) {
      $type = substr($type, $param_char_length); // variable, without % in front of it
      $length_type = strlen($type) + $param_char_length; // length of variable w/o %

      $new_pos = $pos + $pos_adj; // position of start of variable
      $new_pos_back = $new_pos + $length_type; // position of end of variable
      $arg_number_length = 0; // length of any named or numbered parameter addition

      // handle numbered parameters
      if ($arg_number_length = strspn($sql, '0123456789', $new_pos_back)) {
        $arg_number = substr($sql, $new_pos_back, $arg_number_length);
        if (! array_key_exists($arg_number, $args_all)) return $this->nonSQLError("Non existent argument reference (arg $arg_number): $sql");

        $arg = $args_all[$arg_number];

      // handle named parameters
      } else if (substr($sql, $new_pos_back, $named_seperator_length) == $this->named_param_seperator) {
        $arg_number_length = strspn($sql, 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_',
          $new_pos_back + $named_seperator_length) + $named_seperator_length;

        $arg_number = substr($sql, $new_pos_back + $named_seperator_length, $arg_number_length - $named_seperator_length);
        if (count($args_all) != 1 || !is_array($args_all[0])) return $this->nonSQLError("If you use named parameters, the second argument must be an array of parameters");
        if (! array_key_exists($arg_number, $args_all[0])) return $this->nonSQLError("Non existent argument reference (arg $arg_number): $sql");

        $arg = $args_all[0][$arg_number];

      } else {
        $arg_number = 0;
        $arg = array_shift($args);
      }

      if ($new_pos > 0) $chunkyQuery[] = substr($sql, 0, $new_pos);

      if (is_object($arg) && ($arg instanceof WhereClause)) {
        list($clause_sql, $clause_args) = $arg->textAndArgs();
        array_unshift($clause_args, $clause_sql);
        $preparsed_sql = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'preparseQueryParams'), $clause_args);
        $chunkyQuery = array_merge($chunkyQuery, $preparsed_sql);
      } else {
        $chunkyQuery[] = array('type' => $type, 'value' => $arg);
      }

      $sql = substr($sql, $new_pos_back + $arg_number_length);
      $pos_adj -= $new_pos_back + $arg_number_length;
    }

    if (strlen($sql) > 0) $chunkyQuery[] = $sql;

    return $chunkyQuery;
  }

  public function escape($str) { return "'" . $this->get()->real_escape_string(strval($str)) . "'"; }

  public function sanitize($value, $type='basic', $hashjoin=', ') {
    if ($type == 'basic') {
      if (is_object($value)) {
        if ($value instanceof MeekroDBEval) return $value->text;
        else if ($value instanceof DateTime) return $this->escape($value->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
        else return $this->escape($value); // use __toString() value for objects, when possible
      }

      if (is_null($value)) return $this->usenull ? 'NULL' : "''";
      else if (is_bool($value)) return ($value ? 1 : 0);
      else if (is_int($value)) return $value;
      else if (is_float($value)) return $value;
      else if (is_array($value)) return "''";
      else return $this->escape($value);

    } else if ($type == 'list') {
      if (is_array($value)) {
        $value = array_values($value);
        return '(' . implode(', ', array_map(array($this, 'sanitize'), $value)) . ')';
      } else {
        return $this->nonSQLError("Expected array parameter, got something different!");
      }
    } else if ($type == 'doublelist') {
      if (is_array($value) && array_values($value) === $value && is_array($value[0])) {
        $cleanvalues = array();
        foreach ($value as $subvalue) {
          $cleanvalues[] = $this->sanitize($subvalue, 'list');
        }
        return implode(', ', $cleanvalues);

      } else {
        return $this->nonSQLError("Expected double array parameter, got something different!");
      }
    } else if ($type == 'hash') {
      if (is_array($value)) {
        $pairs = array();
        foreach ($value as $k => $v) {
          $pairs[] = $this->formatTableName($k) . '=' . $this->sanitize($v);
        }

        return implode($hashjoin, $pairs);
      } else {
        return $this->nonSQLError("Expected hash (associative array) parameter, got something different!");
      }
    } else {
      return $this->nonSQLError("Invalid type passed to sanitize()!");
    }

  }

  protected function parseTS($ts) {
    if (is_string($ts)) return date('Y-m-d H:i:s', strtotime($ts));
    else if (is_object($ts) && ($ts instanceof DateTime)) return $ts->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
  }

  protected function intval($var) {
    if (PHP_INT_SIZE == 8) return intval($var);
    return floor(doubleval($var));
  }

  public function parseQueryParams() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $chunkyQuery = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'preparseQueryParams'), $args);

    $query = '';
    $array_types = array('ls', 'li', 'ld', 'lb', 'll', 'lt', 'l?', 'll?', 'hc', 'ha', 'ho');

    foreach ($chunkyQuery as $chunk) {
      if (is_string($chunk)) {
        $query .= $chunk;
        continue;
      }

      $type = $chunk['type'];
      $arg = $chunk['value'];
      $result = '';

      $is_array_type = in_array($type, $array_types, true);
      if ($is_array_type && !is_array($arg)) return $this->nonSQLError("Badly formatted SQL query: Expected array, got scalar instead!");
      else if (!$is_array_type && is_array($arg)) $arg = '';

      if ($type == 's') $result = $this->escape($arg);
      else if ($type == 'i') $result = $this->intval($arg);
      else if ($type == 'd') $result = doubleval($arg);
      else if ($type == 'b') $result = $this->formatTableName($arg);
      else if ($type == 'l') $result = $arg;
      else if ($type == 'ss') $result = $this->escape("%" . str_replace(array('%', '_'), array('\%', '\_'), $arg) . "%");
      else if ($type == 't') $result = $this->escape($this->parseTS($arg));

      else if ($type == 'ls') $result = array_map(array($this, 'escape'), $arg);
      else if ($type == 'li') $result = array_map(array($this, 'intval'), $arg);
      else if ($type == 'ld') $result = array_map('doubleval', $arg);
      else if ($type == 'lb') $result = array_map(array($this, 'formatTableName'), $arg);
      else if ($type == 'll') $result = $arg;
      else if ($type == 'lt') $result = array_map(array($this, 'escape'), array_map(array($this, 'parseTS'), $arg));

      else if ($type == '?') $result = $this->sanitize($arg);
      else if ($type == 'l?') $result = $this->sanitize($arg, 'list');
      else if ($type == 'll?') $result = $this->sanitize($arg, 'doublelist');
      else if ($type == 'hc') $result = $this->sanitize($arg, 'hash');
      else if ($type == 'ha') $result = $this->sanitize($arg, 'hash', ' AND ');
      else if ($type == 'ho') $result = $this->sanitize($arg, 'hash', ' OR ');

      else return $this->nonSQLError("Badly formatted SQL query: Invalid MeekroDB param $type");

      if (is_array($result)) $result = '(' . implode(',', $result) . ')';

      $query .= $result;
    }

    return $query;
  }

  protected function prependCall($function, $args, $prepend) { array_unshift($args, $prepend); return call_user_func_array($function, $args); }
  public function query() { $args = func_get_args(); return $this->prependCall(array($this, 'queryHelper'), $args, 'assoc'); }
  public function queryAllLists() { $args = func_get_args(); return $this->prependCall(array($this, 'queryHelper'), $args, 'list'); }
  public function queryFullColumns() { $args = func_get_args(); return $this->prependCall(array($this, 'queryHelper'), $args, 'full'); }

  public function queryRaw() { $args = func_get_args(); return $this->prependCall(array($this, 'queryHelper'), $args, 'raw_buf'); }
  public function queryRawUnbuf() { $args = func_get_args(); return $this->prependCall(array($this, 'queryHelper'), $args, 'raw_unbuf'); }

  protected function queryHelper() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $type = array_shift($args);
    $db = $this->get();

    $is_buffered = true;
    $row_type = 'assoc'; // assoc, list, raw
    $full_names = false;

    switch ($type) {
      case 'assoc':
        break;
      case 'list':
        $row_type = 'list';
        break;
      case 'full':
        $row_type = 'list';
        $full_names = true;
        break;
      case 'raw_buf':
        $row_type = 'raw';
        break;
      case 'raw_unbuf':
        $is_buffered = false;
        $row_type = 'raw';
        break;
      default:
        return $this->nonSQLError('Error -- invalid argument to queryHelper!');
    }

    $sql = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'parseQueryParams'), $args);

    if ($this->success_handler) $starttime = microtime(true);
    $result = $db->query($sql, $is_buffered ? MYSQLI_STORE_RESULT : MYSQLI_USE_RESULT);
    if ($this->success_handler) $runtime = microtime(true) - $starttime;
    else $runtime = 0;

    // ----- BEGIN ERROR HANDLING
    if (!$sql || $db->error) {
      if ($this->error_handler) {
        $error_handler = is_callable($this->error_handler) ? $this->error_handler : 'meekrodb_error_handler';

        call_user_func($error_handler, array(
          'type' => 'sql',
          'query' => $sql,
          'error' => $db->error,
          'code' => $db->errno
        ));
      }

      if ($this->throw_exception_on_error) {
        $e = new MeekroDBException($db->error, $sql, $db->errno);
        throw $e;
      }
    } else if ($this->success_handler) {
      $runtime = sprintf('%f', $runtime * 1000);
      $success_handler = is_callable($this->success_handler) ? $this->success_handler : 'meekrodb_debugmode_handler';

      call_user_func($success_handler, array(
        'query' => $sql,
        'runtime' => $runtime,
        'affected' => $db->affected_rows
      ));
    }

    // ----- END ERROR HANDLING

    $this->insert_id = $db->insert_id;
    $this->affected_rows = $db->affected_rows;

    // mysqli_result->num_rows won't initially show correct results for unbuffered data
    if ($is_buffered && ($result instanceof MySQLi_Result)) $this->num_rows = $result->num_rows;
    else $this->num_rows = null;

    if ($row_type == 'raw' || !($result instanceof MySQLi_Result)) return $result;

    $return = array();

    if ($full_names) {
      $infos = array();
      foreach ($result->fetch_fields() as $info) {
        if (strlen($info->table)) $infos[] = $info->table . '.' . $info->name;
        else $infos[] = $info->name;
      }
    }

    while ($row = ($row_type == 'assoc' ? $result->fetch_assoc() : $result->fetch_row())) {
      if ($full_names) $row = array_combine($infos, $row);
      $return[] = $row;
    }

    // free results
    $result->free();
    while ($db->more_results()) {
      $db->next_result();
      if ($result = $db->use_result()) $result->free();
    }

    return $return;
  }

  public function queryOneRow() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'queryFirstRow'), $args); }
  public function queryFirstRow() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $result = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'query'), $args);
    if (!$result || !is_array($result)) return null;
    return reset($result);
  }

  public function queryOneList() { $args = func_get_args(); return call_user_func_array(array($this, 'queryFirstList'), $args); }
  public function queryFirstList() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $result = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'queryAllLists'), $args);
    if (!$result || !is_array($result)) return null;
    return reset($result);
  }

  public function queryFirstColumn() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $results = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'queryAllLists'), $args);
    $ret = array();

    if (!count($results) || !count($results[0])) return $ret;

    foreach ($results as $row) {
      $ret[] = $row[0];
    }

    return $ret;
  }

  public function queryOneColumn() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $column = array_shift($args);
    $results = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'query'), $args);
    $ret = array();

    if (!count($results) || !count($results[0])) return $ret;
    if ($column === null) {
      $keys = array_keys($results[0]);
      $column = $keys[0];
    }

    foreach ($results as $row) {
      $ret[] = $row[$column];
    }

    return $ret;
  }

  public function queryFirstField() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $row = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'queryFirstList'), $args);
    if ($row == null) return null;
    return $row[0];
  }

  public function queryOneField() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $column = array_shift($args);

    $row = call_user_func_array(array($this, 'queryOneRow'), $args);
    if ($row == null) {
      return null;
    } else if ($column === null) {
      $keys = array_keys($row);
      $column = $keys[0];
    }

    return $row[$column];
  }
}

class WhereClause {
  public $type = 'and'; //AND or OR
  public $negate = false;
  public $clauses = array();

  function __construct($type) {
    $type = strtolower($type);
    if ($type !== 'or' && $type !== 'and') return DB::nonSQLError('you must use either WhereClause(and) or WhereClause(or)');
    $this->type = $type;
  }

  function add() {
    $args = func_get_args();
    $sql = array_shift($args);

    if ($sql instanceof WhereClause) {
      $this->clauses[] = $sql;
    } else {
      $this->clauses[] = array('sql' => $sql, 'args' => $args);
    }
  }

  function negateLast() {
    $i = count($this->clauses) - 1;
    if (!isset($this->clauses[$i])) return;

    if ($this->clauses[$i] instanceof WhereClause) {
      $this->clauses[$i]->negate();
    } else {
      $this->clauses[$i]['sql'] = 'NOT (' . $this->clauses[$i]['sql'] . ')';
    }
  }

  function negate() {
    $this->negate = ! $this->negate;
  }

  function addClause($type) {
    $r = new WhereClause($type);
    $this->add($r);
    return $r;
  }

  function count() {
    return count($this->clauses);
  }

  function textAndArgs() {
    $sql = array();
    $args = array();

    if (count($this->clauses) == 0) return array('(1)', $args);

    foreach ($this->clauses as $clause) {
      if ($clause instanceof WhereClause) {
        list($clause_sql, $clause_args) = $clause->textAndArgs();
      } else {
        $clause_sql = $clause['sql'];
        $clause_args = $clause['args'];
      }

      $sql[] = "($clause_sql)";
      $args = array_merge($args, $clause_args);
    }

    if ($this->type == 'and') $sql = implode(' AND ', $sql);
    else $sql = implode(' OR ', $sql);

    if ($this->negate) $sql = '(NOT ' . $sql . ')';
    return array($sql, $args);
  }

  // backwards compatability
  // we now return full WhereClause object here and evaluate it in preparseQueryParams
  function text() { return $this; }
}

class DBTransaction {
  private $committed = false;

  function __construct() {
    DB::startTransaction();
  }
  function __destruct() {
    if (! $this->committed) DB::rollback();
  }
  function commit() {
    DB::commit();
    $this->committed = true;
  }


}

class MeekroDBException extends Exception {
  protected $query = '';

  function __construct($message='', $query='', $code = 0) {
    parent::__construct($message);
    $this->query = $query;
	$this->code = $code;
  }

  public function getQuery() { return $this->query; }
}

class DBHelper {
  /*
    verticalSlice
    1. For an array of assoc rays, return an array of values for a particular key
    2. if $keyfield is given, same as above but use that hash key as the key in new array
  */

  public static function verticalSlice($array, $field, $keyfield = null) {
    $array = (array) $array;

    $R = array();
    foreach ($array as $obj) {
      if (! array_key_exists($field, $obj)) die("verticalSlice: array doesn't have requested field\n");

      if ($keyfield) {
        if (! array_key_exists($keyfield, $obj)) die("verticalSlice: array doesn't have requested field\n");
        $R[$obj[$keyfield]] = $obj[$field];
      } else {
        $R[] = $obj[$field];
      }
    }
    return $R;
  }

  /*
    reIndex
    For an array of assoc rays, return a new array of assoc rays using a certain field for keys
  */

  public static function reIndex() {
    $fields = func_get_args();
    $array = array_shift($fields);
    $array = (array) $array;

    $R = array();
    foreach ($array as $obj) {
      $target =& $R;

      foreach ($fields as $field) {
        if (! array_key_exists($field, $obj)) die("reIndex: array doesn't have requested field\n");

        $nextkey = $obj[$field];
        $target =& $target[$nextkey];
      }
      $target = $obj;
    }
    return $R;
  }
}

function meekrodb_error_handler($params) {
  if (isset($params['query'])) $out[] = "QUERY: " . $params['query'];
  if (isset($params['error'])) $out[] = "ERROR: " . $params['error'];
  $out[] = "";

  if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli' && empty($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
    echo implode("\n", $out);
  } else {
    echo implode("<br>\n", $out);
  }

  die;
}

function meekrodb_debugmode_handler($params) {
  echo "QUERY: " . $params['query'] . " [" . $params['runtime'] . " ms]";
  if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli' && empty($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
    echo "\n";
  } else {
    echo "<br>\n";
  }
}

class MeekroDBEval {
  public $text = '';

  function __construct($text) {
    $this->text = $text;
  }
}

?>